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	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, elasticity, fiber, flow, jin, rheology, shear, silicon, suns, suspension, viscosity, visualization},
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	pages = {SOR---222},

	keywords = {
		elasticity,
		fiber,
		flow,
		jin,
		rheology,
		shear,
		silicon,
		suns,
		suspension,
		viscosity,
		visualization,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

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	author = {Buchanan, Mark},
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	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
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	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
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}

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	author = {Nature Publishing Group},
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	journal = {Nat Mater},
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	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
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	priority = {2},
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	volume = {9},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
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	},

}

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@article{brown2010generality,

	author = {Brown, Eric and Forman, Nicole A. and Orellana, Carlos S. and Zhang, Hanjun and Maynor, Benjamin W. and Betts, Douglas E. and DeSimone, Joseph M. and Jaeger, Heinrich M.},
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	volume = {9},
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	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
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	},

}

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@article{sharma0000polymer,

	author = {Sharma, Rati and Cherayil, Binny J.},
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	volume = {81},
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	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
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		_MATCHED,
	},

}

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@article{drozd0000constitutive,

	author = {Drozd, John J. and Denniston, Colin},
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	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
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		_MATCHED,
	},

}

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@article{toukoniitty2005effect,

	author = {Toukoniitty, Blanka and Kuusisto, Jyrki and Mikkola, Jyri-Pekka and Salmi, Tapio and Murzin, Dmitry Y.},
	title = {Effect of Ultrasound on Catalytic Hydrogenation of d-Fructose to d-Mannitol},
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	keywords = {
		jin,
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}

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@article{hessel2005gasliquid,

	author = {Hessel, Volker and Angeli, Panagiota and Gavriilidis, Asterios and Lowe, Holger},
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	keywords = {
		jin,
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}

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@article{nichol0000flowinduced,

	author = {Nichol, Kiri and Zanin, Alexey and Bastien, Renaud and Wandersman, Elie and van Hecke, Martin},
	title = {Flow-Induced Agitations Create a Granular Fluid},
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	citeulike-article-id = {11392550},
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	volume = {104},
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	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
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		_MATCHED,
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}

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@article{lei0000direct,

	author = {Lei, Huan and Caswell, Bruce and Karniadakis, George E.},
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	citeulike-article-id = {11392549},
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	url = {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevE.81.026704},
	volume = {81},
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	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
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}

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@article{khidas0000anisotropic,

	author = {Khidas, Yacine and Jia, Xiaoping},
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	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
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		_MATCHED,
	},

}

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@article{reyes0000nonnewtonian,

	author = {Reyes, Francisco V. and Santos, Andr\'{e}s and Garz\'{o}, Vicente},
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	volume = {104},
	pages = {American Physical Society+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

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	author = {Douglas, Jack F.},
	title = {Materials science: Membrane magic},
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	citeulike-article-id = {11392546},
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	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
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}

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	author = {Ovarlez, G. and Barral, Q. and Coussot, P.},
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	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat2615},
	volume = {9},
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	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
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}

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@article{buchanan2010bubble,

	author = {Buchanan, Mark},
	title = {Bubble trouble},
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	citeulike-article-id = {11392544},
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	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
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}

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	author = {Humrickhouse, Paul W. and Sharpe, J. Phil and Corradini, Michael L.},
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	keywords = {
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	author = {Larsen, Ryan J. and Kim, Jin-Woong and Zukoski, Charles F. and Weitz, David A.},
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	keywords = {
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		suns,
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}

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	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
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}

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	author = {Yin, Xiaolong and Koch, Donald L. and Verberg, Rolf},
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	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e026301},
	volume = {73},
	pages = {APS---13},

	keywords = {
		boltzmann,
		bubble,
		flow,
		jin,
		lattice,
		slip,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

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	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

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	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
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}

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	author = {Blomley, Martin J. K. and Cooke, Jennifer C. and Unger, Evan C. and Monaghan, Mark J. and Cosgrove, David O.},
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	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

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	author = {Dean, Edward J. and Glowinski, Roland and Guidoboni, Giovanna},
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	volume = {142},
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	keywords = {
		bingham,
		flow,
		jin,
		numeric,
		splitting,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

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@article{zhu2007discrete,

	author = {Zhu, H. P. and Zhou, Z. Y. and Yang, R. Y. and Yu, A. B.},
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	booktitle = {Frontier of Chemical Engineering - Multi-scale Bridge between Reductionism and Holism},
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	volume = {62},
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	keywords = {
		flow,
		jin,
		mathematics,
		model,
		multiphase,
		particle,
		powder,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

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@article{zhu2008discrete_2,

	author = {Zhu, H. P. and Zhou, Z. Y. and Yang, R. Y. and Yu, A. B.},
	title = {Discrete particle simulation of particulate systems: A review of major applications and findings},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
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	doi = {10.1016/j.ces.2008.08.006},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, discrete, dynamics, flow, fluid, granular, jin, packing, particle, particlefluid, suns},
	number = {23},
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	volume = {63},
	pages = {5728--5770},

	keywords = {
		discrete,
		dynamics,
		flow,
		fluid,
		granular,
		jin,
		packing,
		particle,
		particle, fluid,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3026
@article{suiker2001micromechanical,

	author = {Suiker, A. S. J. and de Borst, R. and Chang, C. S.},
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	journal = {Acta Mechanica},
	year = {2001},

	abstract = {Summary This contribution is one in a series of two papers. In the current paper a constitutive law is developed that includes the micro-structural effects by particle displacement as well as particle rotation. Both degrees of freedom can be related to corresponding macroscopic kinematic continuum variables, where the resulting gradients of displacement are selected up to the fourth-order and the gradients of rotation up to the third order. The elastic micro-structural properties for an individual particle are used to derive the macro-level behavior for a fabric of equal-sized spherical particles, leading to a second-gradient micro-polar formulation. In this model, all coefficients are expressed in terms of particle stiffness and particle structure. It is shown that the second-gradient micro-polar model can be reduced to simpler forms, such as the classic linear elastic model, the second-gradient model and the Cosserat model. In the accompanying paper these reduced forms are treated in more detail by analyzing the corresponding dispersion relations for plane body wave propagation.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392533},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01261670},
	doi = {10.1007/BF01261670},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:43},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01261670},
	volume = {149},
	pages = {-180},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3027
@article{morais0000nonnewtonian,

	author = {Morais, Apiano F. and Seybold, Hansjoerg and Herrmann, Hans J. and Andrade, Jose S.},
	title = {Non-Newtonian Fluid Flow through Three-Dimensional Disordered Porous Media},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392532},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v103/e194502},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {19},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:42},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v103/e194502},
	volume = {103},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3028
@article{ancey2007plasticity,

	author = {Ancey, Christophe},
	title = {Plasticity and geophysical flows: A review},
	journal = {Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2007},

	booktitle = {Viscoplastic fluids: From theory to application},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392531},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnnfm.2006.05.005},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TGV-4K9C5B4-1/2/fd615d72f44c2e09ba7d71511d85b382},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jnnfm.2006.05.005},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, avalanche, creep, debris, flow, jin, plasticity, shallowflow, stress, suns, yield},
	number = {1-3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:42},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TGV-4K9C5B4-1/2/fd615d72f44c2e09ba7d71511d85b382},
	volume = {142},
	pages = {-35},

	keywords = {
		avalanche,
		creep,
		debris,
		flow,
		jin,
		plasticity,
		shallow, flow,
		stress,
		suns,
		yield,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3029
@article{saramito2007constitutive,

	author = {Saramito, Pierre},
	title = {A new constitutive equation for elastoviscoplastic fluid flows},
	journal = {Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2007},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392530},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnnfm.2007.04.004},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TGV-4NF4F3P-4/2/e29797f94e98f41f380f4251517e79b7},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jnnfm.2007.04.004},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, fluid, jin, nonnewtonian, suns, viscoelasticity, viscoplasticity},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:42},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TGV-4NF4F3P-4/2/e29797f94e98f41f380f4251517e79b7},
	volume = {145},
	pages = {-14},

	keywords = {
		fluid,
		jin,
		nonnewtonian,
		suns,
		viscoelasticity,
		viscoplasticity,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3030
@article{christian2009spotted,

	author = {Christian, David A. and Tian, Aiwei and Ellenbroek, Wouter G. and Levental, Ilya and Rajagopal, Karthikan and Janmey, Paul A. and Liu, Andrea J. and Baumgart, Tobias and Discher, Dennis E.},
	title = {Spotted vesicles, striped micelles and Janus assemblies induced by ligand binding},
	journal = {Nat Mater},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392529},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat2512},
	comment = {10.1038/nmat2512},
	doi = {10.1038/nmat2512},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {10},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:42},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat2512},
	volume = {8},
	pages = {Nature Publishing Group---849},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3031
@article{pochan2009soft,

	author = {Pochan, Darrin J.},
	title = {Soft matter: Spots and stripes},
	journal = {Nat Mater},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392528},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat2540},
	comment = {10.1038/nmat2540},
	doi = {10.1038/nmat2540},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {10},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:42},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat2540},
	volume = {8},
	pages = {Nature Publishing Group---774},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3032
@article{torquato2009dense,

	author = {Torquato, S. and Jiao, Y.},
	title = {Dense packings of the Platonic and Archimedean solids},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392527},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature08239},
	comment = {10.1038/nature08239},
	doi = {10.1038/nature08239},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {7257},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:42},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature08239},
	volume = {460},
	pages = {Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved---879},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3033
@article{zberg2009mgznca,

	author = {Zberg, Bruno and Uggowitzer, Peter J. and Loffler, Jorg F.},
	title = {MgZnCa glasses without clinically observable hydrogen evolution for biodegradable implants},
	journal = {Nat Mater},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392526},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat2542},
	comment = {10.1038/nmat2542},
	doi = {10.1038/nmat2542},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:42},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat2542},
	volume = {advance online publication},
	pages = {Nature Publishing Group---},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3034
@article{yang2003simulation,

	author = {Yang, Ning and Wang, Wei and Ge, Wei and Li, Jinghai},
	title = {CFD simulation of concurrent-up gas-solid flow in circulating fluidized beds with structure-dependent drag coefficient},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Journal},
	year = {2003},

	booktitle = {Festschrift Prof. Cor M. van den Bleek},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392525},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2003.08.006},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFJ-49PYTGT-4/2/88ffedf78549a920128a85719eeaf245},
	doi = {10.1016/j.cej.2003.08.006},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, cfd, drag, flow, fluidization, gassolid, jin, model, multiscale, suns},
	number = {1-3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:40},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFJ-49PYTGT-4/2/88ffedf78549a920128a85719eeaf245},
	volume = {96},
	pages = {-80},

	keywords = {
		cfd,
		drag,
		flow,
		fluidization,
		gas, solid,
		jin,
		model,
		multiscale,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3035
@article{li2001multiscale,

	author = {Li, Jinghai and Kwauk, Mooson},
	title = {Multiscale Nature of Complex Fluid−Particle Systems},
	journal = {Industrial \& Engineering Chemistry Research},
	year = {2001},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392524},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie0011021},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie0011021},
	comment = {doi: 10.1021/ie0011021},
	doi = {10.1021/ie0011021},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {20},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:39},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie0011021},
	volume = {40},
	pages = {American Chemical Society---4237},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3036
@article{ardekani0000deformation,

	author = {Ardekani, A. M. and Dabiri, S. and Rangel, R. H.},
	title = {Deformation of a droplet in a particulate shear flow},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392522},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/21/093302/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, capillary, drop, flow, jin, shear, suns, surface, tension},
	number = {9},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:39},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/21/093302/1},
	volume = {21},
	pages = {AIP---8},

	keywords = {
		capillary,
		drop,
		flow,
		jin,
		shear,
		suns,
		surface,
		tension,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3037
@article{murray0000from,

	author = {Murray, Philip J. and Edwards, Carina M. and Tindall, Marcus J. and Maini, Philip K.},
	title = {From a discrete to a continuum model of cell dynamics in one dimension},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392521},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e031912},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, biophysics, cell, diffusion, discrete, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:39},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e031912},
	volume = {80},
	pages = {APS---10},

	keywords = {
		biophysics,
		cell,
		diffusion,
		discrete,
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3038
@article{rycroft0000physical,

	author = {Rycroft, Chris H. and Orpe, Ashish V. and Kudrolli, Arshad},
	title = {Physical test of a particle simulation model in a sheared granular system},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392520},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e031305},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boundary, flow, granular, jin, layer, shear, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:39},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e031305},
	volume = {80},
	pages = {APS---16},

	keywords = {
		boundary,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		layer,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3039
@article{zilman0000effects,

	author = {Zilman, A. and Pearson, J. and Bel, G.},
	title = {Effects of Jamming on Nonequilibrium Transport Times in Nanochannels},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392519},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v103/e128103},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {12},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:39},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v103/e128103},
	volume = {103},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3040
@article{candelier0000creep,

	author = {Candelier, R. and Dauchot, O.},
	title = {Creep Motion of an Intruder within a Granular Glass Close to Jamming},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392518},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v103/e128001},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {12},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:39},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v103/e128001},
	volume = {103},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3041
@article{garciarojas0000thermodynamic,

	author = {Garcia-Rojas, B. and Bautista, F. and Puig, J. E. and Manero, O.},
	title = {Thermodynamic approach to rheology of complex fluids: Flow-concentration coupling},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392517},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e036313},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, formation, irreversible, jin, mechanics, pattern, phase, relaxation, rheology, separation, shear, stability, stress, suns, thermal, thermodynamics, viscosity, vortex},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:38},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e036313},
	volume = {80},
	pages = {APS---12},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		formation,
		irreversible,
		jin,
		mechanics,
		pattern,
		phase,
		relaxation,
		rheology,
		separation,
		shear,
		stability,
		stress,
		suns,
		thermal,
		thermodynamics,
		viscosity,
		vortex,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3042
@article{bouchbinder0000nonequilibrium_1,

	author = {Bouchbinder, Eran and Langer, J. S.},
	title = {Nonequilibrium thermodynamics of driven amorphous materials. III. Shear-transformation-zone plasticity},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392516},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e031133},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, amorph, entropy, jin, nonequilibrium, plasticity, suns, thermodynamics},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:37},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e031133},
	volume = {80},
	pages = {APS---8},

	keywords = {
		amorph,
		entropy,
		jin,
		nonequilibrium,
		plasticity,
		suns,
		thermodynamics,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3043
@article{bouchbinder0000nonequilibrium_2,

	author = {Bouchbinder, Eran and Langer, J. S.},
	title = {Nonequilibrium thermodynamics of driven amorphous materials. II. Effective-temperature theory},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392515},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e031132},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, amorph, deformation, jin, mode, nonequilibrium, suns, thermodynamics, vibration},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:37},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e031132},
	volume = {80},
	pages = {APS---7},

	keywords = {
		amorph,
		deformation,
		jin,
		mode,
		nonequilibrium,
		suns,
		thermodynamics,
		vibration,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3044
@article{bouchbinder0000nonequilibrium_3,

	author = {Bouchbinder, Eran and Langer, J. S.},
	title = {Nonequilibrium thermodynamics of driven amorphous materials. I. Internal degrees of freedom and volume deformation},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392514},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e031131},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, amorph, crystal, entropy, jin, nonequilibrium, statistics, suns, thermodynamics, vacancy},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:37},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e031131},
	volume = {80},
	pages = {APS---7},

	keywords = {
		amorph,
		crystal,
		entropy,
		jin,
		nonequilibrium,
		statistics,
		suns,
		thermodynamics,
		vacancy,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3045
@article{idler0000threedimensional,

	author = {Idler, V. and Sanchez, I. and Paredes, R. and Gutierrez, G. and Reyes, L. I. and Botet, R.},
	title = {Three-dimensional simulations of a vertically vibrated granular bed including interstitial air},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392513},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e051301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, granular, jin, material, molecule, oscillation, suns, vibration},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:37},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e051301},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {APS---9},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		molecule,
		oscillation,
		suns,
		vibration,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3046
@article{van2004weakly,

	author = {V\'{a}n, P.},
	title = {Weakly nonlocal continuum theories of granular media: restrictions from the Second Law},
	journal = {International Journal of Solids and Structures},
	year = {2004},

	booktitle = {Granular Mechanics},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392512},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2004.05.054},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VJS-4CY5KH5-1/2/9cc64ee17fd5edda8608d820e5d6c221},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2004.05.054},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, continuum, granular, jin, material, nonequilibrium, suns, thermodynamics},
	number = {21},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:37},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VJS-4CY5KH5-1/2/9cc64ee17fd5edda8608d820e5d6c221},
	volume = {41},
	pages = {-5927},

	keywords = {
		continuum,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		nonequilibrium,
		suns,
		thermodynamics,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3047
@article{bauer2004investigations,

	author = {Bauer, Erich and Huang, Wenxiong and Wu, Wei},
	title = {Investigations of shear banding in an anisotropic hypoplastic material},
	journal = {International Journal of Solids and Structures},
	year = {2004},

	booktitle = {Granular Mechanics},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392511},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2004.05.052},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VJS-4CSG2MP-5/2/dcdfa18d139c443e61b29f9a85423be7},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2004.05.052},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, anisotropy, band, granular, hypoplasticity, jin, material, shear, suns},
	number = {21},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:37},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VJS-4CSG2MP-5/2/dcdfa18d139c443e61b29f9a85423be7},
	volume = {41},
	pages = {-5919},

	keywords = {
		anisotropy,
		band,
		granular,
		hypoplasticity,
		jin,
		material,
		shear,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3048
@article{kuhn2004contact,

	author = {Kuhn, Matthew R. and Bagi, Katalin},
	title = {Contact rolling and deformation in granular media},
	journal = {International Journal of Solids and Structures},
	year = {2004},

	booktitle = {Granular Mechanics},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392509},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2004.05.066},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VJS-4CVV606-5/2/7822d45e2a292fd2237da94adb6f0ac7},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2004.05.066},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, aarons, contact, deformation, dem, granular, jin, jps, material, medium, micromacro, micromechanics, microstructure, oois, particle, piv, powder, rolling, shape, suns},
	number = {21},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:37},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VJS-4CVV606-5/2/7822d45e2a292fd2237da94adb6f0ac7},
	volume = {41},
	pages = {-5820},

	keywords = {
		aarons,
		contact,
		deformation,
		dem,
		granular,
		jin,
		jps,
		material,
		medium,
		micromacro,
		micromechanics,
		microstructure,
		oois,
		particle,
		piv,
		powder,
		rolling,
		shape,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3049
@article{satake2004tensorial_2,

	author = {Satake, M.},
	title = {Tensorial form definitions of discrete-mechanical quantities for granular assemblies},
	journal = {International Journal of Solids and Structures},
	year = {2004},

	booktitle = {Granular Mechanics},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392508},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2004.05.046},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VJS-4CVV606-4/2/4d5a29822b8ceb8f62a58ca10d7607ba},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2004.05.046},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, discrete, granular, jin, mechanics, strain, stress, suns, tensor},
	number = {21},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:37},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VJS-4CVV606-4/2/4d5a29822b8ceb8f62a58ca10d7607ba},
	volume = {41},
	pages = {5775--5791},

	keywords = {
		discrete,
		granular,
		jin,
		mechanics,
		strain,
		stress,
		suns,
		tensor,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3050
@article{rothenburg2004critical,

	author = {Rothenburg, L. and Kruyt, N. P.},
	title = {Critical state and evolution of coordination number in simulated granular materials},
	journal = {International Journal of Solids and Structures},
	year = {2004},

	booktitle = {Granular Mechanics},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392507},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2004.06.001},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VJS-4CVV606-7/2/da634940920bdac4350aadd5b13923b5},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2004.06.001},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {21},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:37},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VJS-4CVV606-7/2/da634940920bdac4350aadd5b13923b5},
	volume = {41},
	pages = {-5774},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3051
@article{rudnicki1975conditions,

	author = {Rudnicki, J. W. and Rice, J. R.},
	title = {Conditions for the localization of deformation in pressure-sensitive dilatant materials},
	journal = {Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids},
	year = {1975},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392506},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-5096(75)90001-0},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-46G50H8-K2/2/dad922897ef1963e604902f26b074797},
	doi = {10.1016/0022-5096(75)90001-0},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:37},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-46G50H8-K2/2/dad922897ef1963e604902f26b074797},
	volume = {23},
	pages = {-394},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3052
@article{spencer1964theory,

	author = {Spencer, A. J. M.},
	title = {A theory of the kinematics of ideal soils under plane strain conditions},
	journal = {Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids},
	year = {1964},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392505},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-5096(64)90029-8},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-46G501N-F2/2/35ffcfe8d75e9fcbd4db06ce9efb2f31},
	doi = {10.1016/0022-5096(64)90029-8},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:37},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-46G501N-F2/2/35ffcfe8d75e9fcbd4db06ce9efb2f31},
	volume = {12},
	pages = {-351},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3053
@article{mehrabadi1978initial,

	author = {Mehrabadi, M. M. and Cowin, S. C.},
	title = {Initial planar deformation of dilatant granular materials},
	journal = {Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids},
	year = {1978},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392504},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-5096(78)90021-2},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-46G2MB1-C9/2/06891dfee7233bdac5236474f397d7ef},
	doi = {10.1016/0022-5096(78)90021-2},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:37},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-46G2MB1-C9/2/06891dfee7233bdac5236474f397d7ef},
	volume = {26},
	pages = {-284},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3054
@article{anand2005theory,

	author = {Anand, L. and Su, C.},
	title = {A theory for amorphous viscoplastic materials undergoing finite deformations, with application to metallic glasses},
	journal = {Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids},
	year = {2005},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392503},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2004.12.006},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-4FSCVJR-2/2/8f05a11add69ed73425b5f85e7c29839},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jmps.2004.12.006},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, glass, jin, localization, metal, shear, suns, viscoplasticity},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:36},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-4FSCVJR-2/2/8f05a11add69ed73425b5f85e7c29839},
	volume = {53},
	pages = {-1396},

	keywords = {
		glass,
		jin,
		localization,
		metal,
		shear,
		suns,
		viscoplasticity,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3055
@article{anand2000granular,

	author = {Anand, L. and Gu, C.},
	title = {Granular materials: constitutive equations and strain localization},
	journal = {Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids},
	year = {2000},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392502},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5096(99)00066-6},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-40020YH-5/2/ca09cfc4da83551bfac818277768780c},
	doi = {10.1016/S0022-5096(99)00066-6},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, jin, material, suns},
	number = {8},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:36},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-40020YH-5/2/ca09cfc4da83551bfac818277768780c},
	volume = {48},
	pages = {-1733},

	keywords = {
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3056
@article{weitz0000materials,

	author = {Weitz, David A.},
	title = {MATERIALS SCIENCE: Unjamming a Polymer Glass},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392501},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1168304},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5911},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:36},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	volume = {323},
	pages = {-215},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3057
@article{kunz0000materials,

	author = {Kunz, Werner and Kellermeier, Matthias},
	title = {MATERIALS SCIENCE: Beyond Biomineralization},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392500},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1168653},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5912},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:36},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	volume = {323},
	pages = {-345},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3058
@article{hedges0000dynamic,

	author = {Hedges, Lester O. and Jack, Robert L. and Garrahan, Juan P. and Chandler, David},
	title = {Dynamic Order-Disorder in Atomistic Models of Structural Glass Formers},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The glass transition is the freezing of a liquid into a solid state without evident structural order. Although glassy materials are well characterized experimentally, the existence of a phase transition into the glass state remains controversial. Here, we present numerical evidence for the existence of a novel first-order dynamical phase transition in atomistic models of structural glass formers. In contrast to equilibrium phase transitions, which occur in configuration space, this transition occurs in trajectory space, and it is controlled by variables that drive the system out of equilibrium. Coexistence is established between an ergodic phase with finite relaxation time and a nonergodic phase of immobile molecular configurations. Thus, we connect the glass transition to a true phase transition, offering the possibility of a unified picture of glassy phenomena.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392499},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/323/5919/1309},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1166665},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5919},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:36},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/323/5919/1309},
	volume = {323},
	pages = {-1313},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3059
@article{hildebrandt0000chemistry,

	author = {Hildebrandt, Diane and Glasser, David and Hausberger, Brendon and Patel, Bilal and Glasser, Benjamin J.},
	title = {CHEMISTRY: Producing Transportation Fuels with Less Work},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392498},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1168455},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5922},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:35},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	volume = {323},
	pages = {-1681},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3060
@article{scruggs0000engineering,

	author = {Scruggs, Jeff and Jacob, Paul},
	title = {ENGINEERING: Harvesting Ocean Wave Energy},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392497},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1168245},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5918},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:35},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	volume = {323},
	pages = {-1178},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3061
@article{norskov0000rate,

	author = {Norskov, J. K. and Bligaard, T. and Kleis, J.},
	title = {Rate Control and Reaction Engineering},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392496},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1174885},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5935},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	volume = {324},
	pages = {-1656},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3062
@article{geim0000graphene,

	author = {Geim, A. K.},
	title = {Graphene: Status and Prospects},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Graphene is a wonder material with many superlatives to its name. It is the thinnest known material in the universe and the strongest ever measured. Its charge carriers exhibit giant intrinsic mobility, have zero effective mass, and can travel for micrometers without scattering at room temperature. Graphene can sustain current densities six orders of magnitude higher than that of copper, shows record thermal conductivity and stiffness, is impermeable to gases, and reconciles such conflicting qualities as brittleness and ductility. Electron transport in graphene is described by a Dirac-like equation, which allows the investigation of relativistic quantum phenomena in a benchtop experiment. This review analyzes recent trends in graphene research and applications, and attempts to identify future directions in which the field is likely to develop.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392495},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/324/5934/1530},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1158877},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5934},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/324/5934/1530},
	volume = {324},
	pages = {-1534},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3063
@article{bonn0000yield,

	author = {Bonn, Daniel and Denn, Morton M.},
	title = {Yield Stress Fluids Slowly Yield to Analysis},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392494},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1174217},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5933},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	volume = {324},
	pages = {-1402},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3064
@article{swanson0000photovoltaics,

	author = {Swanson, Richard M.},
	title = {Photovoltaics Power Up},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392493},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1169616},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5929},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	volume = {324},
	pages = {-892},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3065
@article{engler0000multiscale,

	author = {Engler, Adam J. and Humbert, Patrick O. and Wehrle-Haller, Bernhard and Weaver, Valerie M.},
	title = {Multiscale Modeling of Form and Function},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Topobiology posits that morphogenesis is driven by differential adhesive interactions among heterogeneous cell populations. This paradigm has been revised to include force-dependent molecular switches, cell and tissue tension, and reciprocal interactions with the microenvironment. It is now appreciated that tissue development is executed through conserved decision-making modules that operate on multiple length scales from the molecular and subcellular level through to the cell and tissue level and that these regulatory mechanisms specify cell and tissue fate by modifying the context of cellular signaling and gene expression. Here, we discuss the origin of these decision-making modules and illustrate how emergent properties of adhesion-directed multicellular structures sculpt the tissue, promote its functionality, and maintain its homeostasis through spatial segregation and organization of anchored proteins and secreted factors and through emergent properties of tissues, including tension fields and energy optimization.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392492},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/324/5924/208},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1170107},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5924},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/324/5924/208},
	volume = {324},
	pages = {-212},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3066
@article{wallace0000applied,

	author = {Wallace, G. G. and Moulton, S. E. and Clark, G. M.},
	title = {APPLIED PHYSICS: Electrode-Cellular Interface},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392491},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1168346},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5924},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	volume = {324},
	pages = {-186},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3067
@article{gasteiger0000chemistry,

	author = {Gasteiger, Hubert A. and Markovi\#x0107;, Nenad M.},
	title = {CHEMISTRY: Just a Dream--or Future Reality?},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392490},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1172083},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5923},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	volume = {324},
	pages = {-49},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3068
@article{adler0000quantum,

	author = {Adler, Stephen L. and Bassi, Angelo},
	title = {Is Quantum Theory Exact?},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392489},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1176858},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5938},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	volume = {325},
	pages = {-276},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3069
@article{kruzic0000predicting,

	author = {Kruzic, Jamie J.},
	title = {Predicting Fatigue Failures},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392488},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1173432},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5937},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	volume = {325},
	pages = {-158},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3070
@article{suzuki0000impact,

	author = {Suzuki, Toshio and Hasan, Zahir and Funahashi, Yoshihiro and Yamaguchi, Toshiaki and Fujishiro, Yoshinobu and Awano, Masanobu},
	title = {Impact of Anode Microstructure on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We report a correlation between the microstructure of the anode electrode of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and its electrochemical performance for a tubular design. It was shown that the electrochemical performance of the cell was extensively improved when the size of constituent particles was reduced so as to yield a highly porous microstructure. The SOFC had a power density of greater than 1 watt per square centimeter at an operating temperature as low as 600\\degrees\\C with a conventional zirconia-based electrolyte, a nickel cermet anode, and a lanthanum ferrite perovskite cathode material. The effect of the hydrogen fuel flow rate (linear velocity) was also examined for the optimization of operating conditions. Higher linear fuel velocity led to better cell performance for the cell with higher anode porosity. A zirconia-based cell could be used for a low-temperature SOFC system under 600\\degrees\\C just by optimizing the microstructure of the anode electrode and operating conditions.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392487},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/325/5942/852},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1176404},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5942},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/325/5942/852},
	volume = {325},
	pages = {-855},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3071
@article{bormuth0000protein,

	author = {Bormuth, Volker and Varga, Vladimir and Howard, Jonathon and Schaffer, Erik},
	title = {Protein Friction Limits Diffusive and Directed Movements of Kinesin Motors on Microtubules},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Friction limits the operation of macroscopic engines and is critical to the performance of micromechanical devices. We report measurements of friction in a biological nanomachine. Using optical tweezers, we characterized the frictional drag force of individual kinesin-8 motor proteins interacting with their microtubule tracks. At low speeds and with no energy source, the frictional drag was related to the diffusion coefficient by the Einstein relation. At higher speeds, the frictional drag force increased nonlinearly, consistent with the motor jumping 8 nanometers between adjacent tubulin dimers along the microtubule, and was asymmetric, reflecting the structural polarity of the microtubule. We argue that these frictional forces arise from breaking bonds between the motor domains and the microtubule, and they limit the speed and efficiency of kinesin.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392486},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/325/5942/870},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1174923},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5942},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/325/5942/870},
	volume = {325},
	pages = {-873},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3072
@article{wegner0000think,

	author = {Wegner, Daniel M.},
	title = {How to Think, Say, or Do Precisely the Worst Thing for Any Occasion},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In slapstick comedy, the worst thing that could happen usually does: The person with a sore toe manages to stub it, sometimes twice. Such errors also arise in daily life, and research traces the tendency to do precisely the worst thing to ironic processes of mental control. These monitoring processes keep us watchful for errors of thought, speech, and action and enable us to avoid the worst thing in most situations, but they also increase the likelihood of such errors when we attempt to exert control under mental load (stress, time pressure, or distraction). Ironic errors in attention and memory occur with identifiable brain activity and prompt recurrent unwanted thoughts; attraction to forbidden desires; expression of objectionable social prejudices; production of movement errors; and rebounds of negative experiences such as anxiety, pain, and depression. Such ironies can be overcome when effective control strategies are deployed and mental load is minimized.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392485},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/325/5936/48},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1167346},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5936},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/325/5936/48},
	volume = {325},
	pages = {-50},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3073
@article{regalbuto0000cellulosic,

	author = {Regalbuto, John R.},
	title = {Cellulosic Biofuels--Got Gasoline?},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392483},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1174581},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5942},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	volume = {325},
	pages = {-824},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3074
@article{carter0000challenges,

	author = {Carter, Emily A.},
	title = {Challenges in Modeling Materials Properties Without Experimental Input},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Simulations of materials behavior are an important component of materials science research, partly because measurements are indirect, requiring theoretical interpretation, and partly because often the ideal experiment simply cannot be performed (due to technological limitations). Empirical physical models used in this context often rely on parameters drawn from experiments on simpler systems, and so introduce various inaccuracies. In contrast, a quantum mechanical model can potentially offer an independent source of data more closely attuned to the complexities of the system at hand. This Perspective reviews current quantum mechanics-based materials modeling approaches and their successes and limitations, and offers a view to the future.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392481},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/321/5890/800},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1158009},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5890},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/321/5890/800},
	volume = {321},
	pages = {-803},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3075
@article{clary0000quantum,

	author = {Clary, David C.},
	title = {Quantum Dynamics of Chemical Reactions},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Substantial recent progress has been made in developing theory to account for quantum effects on chemical reactions.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392480},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/321/5890/789},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1157718},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5890},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/321/5890/789},
	volume = {321},
	pages = {-791},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3076
@article{cohen0000insights,

	author = {Cohen, Aron J. and Mori-Sanchez, Paula and Yang, Weitao},
	title = {Insights into Current Limitations of Density Functional Theory},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Density functional theory of electronic structure is widely and successfully applied in simulations throughout engineering and sciences. However, for many predicted properties, there are spectacular failures that can be traced to the delocalization error and static correlation error of commonly used approximations. These errors can be characterized and understood through the perspective of fractional charges and fractional spins introduced recently. Reducing these errors will open new frontiers for applications of density functional theory.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392479},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/321/5890/792},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1158722},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5890},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/321/5890/792},
	volume = {321},
	pages = {-794},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3077
@article{klein0000largescale,

	author = {Klein, Michael L. and Shinoda, Wataru},
	title = {Large-Scale Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Self-Assembling Systems},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Relentless increases in the size and performance of multiprocessor computers, coupled with new algorithms and methods, have led to novel applications of simulations across chemistry. This Perspective focuses on the use of classical molecular dynamics and so-called coarse-grain models to explore phenomena involving self-assembly in complex fluids and biological systems.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392478},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/321/5890/798},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1157834},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5890},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/321/5890/798},
	volume = {321},
	pages = {-800},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3078
@article{kuwano0000applicability,

	author = {Kuwano, R. and Jardine, R. J.},
	title = {On the applicability of cross-anisotropic elasticity to granular materials at very small strains},
	journal = {Geotechnique},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392477},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, hardcopyluding, jin, suns},
	number = {10},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {52},
	pages = {-749},

	keywords = {
		hardcopyluding,
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3079
@article{roth0000selectivity,

	author = {Roth, Roland and Rauscher, Markus and Archer, Andrew J.},
	title = {Selectivity in binary fluid mixtures: Static and dynamical properties},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392476},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e021409},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, colloid, density, jin, liquid, mixing, particle, suns, suspension},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e021409},
	volume = {80},
	pages = {APS---10},

	keywords = {
		colloid,
		density,
		jin,
		liquid,
		mixing,
		particle,
		suns,
		suspension,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3080
@book{hill0000mathematical,

	author = {Hill, R.},
	title = {The Mathematical Theory of plasticity},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	address = {Oxford},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392475},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Oxford University Press+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3081
@article{ding0000accelerated,

	author = {Ding, E. J.},
	title = {Accelerated algorithm for computing the motion of solid particles suspended in fluid},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392474},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e025701},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, flow, fluid, jin, navierstokes, suns, suspension},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e025701},
	volume = {80},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		flow,
		fluid,
		jin,
		navier, stokes,
		suns,
		suspension,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3082
@article{chatterjee0000modeling,

	author = {Chatterjee, Athonu and Heine, David R. and Rovelstad, Amy L. and Wu, Lung-Ming},
	title = {Modeling the rheology of suspensions with high-viscosity solvents: A predictive multiscale approach},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392473},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e021406},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, ceramic, dynamics, hydrodynamics, jin, liquid, molecule, particle, rheology, solvent, suns, suspension, viscosity},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e021406},
	volume = {80},
	pages = {APS---11},

	keywords = {
		ceramic,
		dynamics,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		liquid,
		molecule,
		particle,
		rheology,
		solvent,
		suns,
		suspension,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3083
@article{lerner0000scaling,

	author = {Lerner, Edan and Procaccia, Itamar},
	title = {Scaling theory for steady-state plastic flows in amorphous solids},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392472},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e026128},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, amorph, flow, glass, jin, plastic, suns, transition, vitrification},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e026128},
	volume = {80},
	pages = {APS---8},

	keywords = {
		amorph,
		flow,
		glass,
		jin,
		plastic,
		suns,
		transition,
		vitrification,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3084
@article{okada0000energy,

	author = {Okada, N. and Nemat-Nasser, S.},
	title = {Energy dissipation in inelastic flow of saturated cohesionless granular media},
	journal = {Geotechnique},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392471},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {44},
	pages = {-19},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3085
@article{drescher1972photoelastic_2,

	author = {Drescher, A. and de Josselin de Jong, G.},
	title = {Photoelastic verification of a mechanical model for the flow of a granular material},
	journal = {Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids},
	year = {1972},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392470},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-5096(72)90029-4},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-46J2WW5-D/2/a2dfa0b038f94800648e8202478aa82d},
	doi = {10.1016/0022-5096(72)90029-4},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-46J2WW5-D/2/a2dfa0b038f94800648e8202478aa82d},
	volume = {20},
	pages = {337--351},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3086
@article{rowe0000stressdilatancy,

	author = {Rowe, P. W.},
	title = {The Stress-Dilatancy Relation for Static Equilibrium of an Assembly of Particles in Contact},
	journal = {Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392469},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/2414551},
	comment = {The dilatancy and strength of an assembly of individual particles in contact when subjected to a deviatoric stress system is found to depend on the angle of friction {{\oe}}\"{U}\$\_{{\OE}}º\$ between the particle surfaces, on the geometrical angle of packing, {{\OE}}\$\pm\$, and on the degree of energy loss during remoulding. The Mohr-Coulomb criterion of failure which is strictly applicable to a continuum is shown not to have general application to a discontinuous assembly of particles. A theoretical and experimental study of ideal assemblies of rods and uniform spheres establishes expressions for the relation between the rate of dilatancy and the maximum stress ratio for any ideal packing. The solution is extended to the case of a random assembly of irregular particles by investigating the conditions under which the mass dilates such that the rate of internal work absorbed in frictional heat is a minimum. Experiments on random masses of steel, glass, and quartz in which all the physical properties are measured independently show that the minimum energy criterion is closely obeyed by highly dilatant dense over-consolidated and reloaded assemblies throughout deformation to failure. An additional rate of energy has to be supplied to account for losses due to rearranging of loose packings, when the value of {{\oe}}\"{U}to satisfy the theory increases to {{\oe}}\"{U}\$\_f\$ by an amount dependent on the degree of remoulding. The external stresses applied to an assembly are to be integrated over the {{\OE}}\$\pm\$-plane defined with reference to figure 14(a) as a plane of repetition of pattern over which the particles interlock, and the resulting forces are to be in equilibrium for sliding on particle interfaces at (45-1/2{{\oe}}\"{U}\$\_f\$) to the direction of the major principal stress. For the special case of no volume change these two planes are identical and the solution agrees then with that based on the Mohr-Coulomb theory. The well-known slip plane in drained discontinuous assemblies is proved to be the result of failure and nothing whatsoever to do with the peak strength. The findings are discussed in the light of previous contributions to the subject.},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1339},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/2414551},
	volume = {269},
	pages = {The Royal Society---527},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3087
@article{dunstan1988limiting,

	author = {Dunstan, T. and Arthur, J. R. F. and Dalili, A. and Ogunbekun, O. O. and Wong, R. K. S.},
	title = {Limiting mechanisms of slow dilatant plastic shear deformation of granular media},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {1988},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392468},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/336052a0},
	comment = {10.1038/336052a0},
	doi = {10.1038/336052a0},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6194},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/336052a0},
	volume = {336},
	pages = {-54},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3088
@article{sakaie0000imaging,

	author = {Sakaie, K. and Fenistein, D. and Carroll, T. J. and van Hecke, M. and Umbanhowar, P.},
	title = {MR imaging of Reynolds dilatancy in the bulk of smooth granular flows},
	journal = {EPL (Europhysics Letters)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Dense granular matter has to expand in order to flow, a phenomenon known as dilatancy. Here we perform, by means of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), direct measurements of the evolution of the local packing density of a slow and smooth granular shear flow generated in a split-bottomed geometry. The degree of dilatancy is found to be surprisingly strong. For flows without appreciable transient, the dilated zone follows the region of large strain rate, while for flows with a strong transient, the dilated zone extends also into the region where transient flow took place. In all cases, the dilated zone slowly spreads as a function of time. These findings suggest that the local packing density is governed by the total amount of local strain experienced since the start of the experiment.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392467},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	old_pages = {38001+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {84},
	pages = {38001+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3089
@misc{wood0000behaviour,


	address = {Rotterdam, The Netherlands},
	author = {Wood, D. M. and Budhu, M.},
	booktitle = {Soilds under Cyclic and Transient Loading},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392466},
	editor = {Pande, G. N. and Zienkiewicz, O. C.},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	old_pages = {Balkema+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	title = {The behaviour of Leighton Buzzard sand in cyclic simple shear tests},
	pages = {Balkema+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3090
@article{youd0000maximum,

	author = {Youd, T. L.},
	title = {Maximum density of sand by repeated straining in simple shear},
	journal = {Highway Research Record},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392465},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {374},
	pages = {-6},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3091
@article{goddard0000computations,

	author = {Goddard, J. D. and Didwania, A. K.},
	title = {Computations of dilatancy and yield surfaces for assemblies of rigid frictional spheres},
	journal = {The Quarterly Journal of Mechanics \& Applied mathematics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392464},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:34},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {51},
	pages = {-41},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3092
@book{truesdell0000nonlindear,

	author = {Truesdell, Clifford and Noll, Walter},
	title = {The Non-Lindear Field Theories of Mechanics},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392463},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	old_pages = {Springer+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Springer+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3093
@article{ketterhagen2009predicting,

	author = {Ketterhagen, William R. and Curtis, Jennifer S. and Wassgren, Carl R. and Hancock, Bruno C.},
	title = {Predicting the flow mode from hoppers using the discrete element method},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392462},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2009.05.002},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4W8VW49-1/2/7613762d6fc138383feead4200fe294d},
	doi = {10.1016/j.powtec.2009.05.002},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, discrete, flow, hopper, jin, regime, segregation, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4W8VW49-1/2/7613762d6fc138383feead4200fe294d},
	volume = {195},
	pages = {-10},

	keywords = {
		discrete,
		flow,
		hopper,
		jin,
		regime,
		segregation,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3094
@article{kruyt0000density,

	author = {Kruyt, N. P.},
	title = {Density effects in two-dimensional bins},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392461},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {57},
	pages = {-1035},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3095
@article{cowin0000theory,

	author = {Cowin, Stephen C.},
	title = {The theory of static loads in bins},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392460},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {44},
	pages = {-412},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3096
@article{srivastava2002role,

	author = {Srivastava, Anuj and Sundaresan, Sankaran},
	title = {Role of wall friction in fluidization and standpipe flow},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {2002},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392459},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0032-5910(01)00471-5},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-44B23TK-1/2/50be0c0a54ef907998ad3162f715fe66},
	doi = {10.1016/S0032-5910(01)00471-5},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, fluidization, friction, jin, standpipe, suns, wall},
	number = {1-2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-44B23TK-1/2/50be0c0a54ef907998ad3162f715fe66},
	volume = {124},
	pages = {-54},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		fluidization,
		friction,
		jin,
		standpipe,
		suns,
		wall,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3097
@article{johnson0000frictionalcollisional,

	author = {Johnson, Paul C. and Jackson, Roy},
	title = {Frictional-collisional constitutive relations for granular materials, with application to plane shearing},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392458},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {176},
	pages = {-93},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3098
@article{wang2001granular,

	author = {Wang, Y. and Hutter, K.},
	title = {Granular Material Theories Revisited},
	journal = {Geomorphological Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2001},

	abstract = {A granular material is a collection of a large number of discrete solid particles with interstices filled with a fluid or a gas. If the interstitial fluid plays an insignificant role in the transportation of momentum, flows of such materials can be considered as dispersed single-phase flows. In other occasions, when the mass of the interstitial fluid is comparable to that of the solids the interactions between the fluid and solid phases are significant, the motion of the fluid can then provide the driving force for the flow of the solid phase. The dynamical behaviour of these materials can be very complex; its description involves aspects of traditional fluid mechanics, plasticity theory, soil mechanics and rheology.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392457},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45670-8_4},
	doi = {10.1007/3-540-45670-8_4},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45670-8_4},
	pages = {-107},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3099
@article{balmforth2001geophysical,

	author = {Balmforth, N. and Craster, R.},
	title = {Geophysical Aspects of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics},
	journal = {Geomorphological Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2001},

	abstract = {Non-Newtonian fluid mechanics is a vast subject that has several journals partly, or primarily, dedicated to its investigation (Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, Rheologica Acta, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Journal of Rheology, amongst others). It is an area of active research, both for industrial fluid problems and for applications elsewhere, notably geophysically motivated issues such as the flow of lava and ice, mud slides, snow avalanches and debris flows. The main motivation for this research activity is that, apart from some annoyingly common fluids such as air and water, virtually no fluid is actually Newtonian (that is, havinga simple linear relation between stress and strain-rate characterized by a constant viscosity). Several textbooks are useful sources of information; for example, [1],[2],[3] are standard texts giving mathematical and engineering perspectives upon the subject. In these lecture notes, Ancey's chapter on rheology (Chap. 3) gives further introduction.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392456},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45670-8_2},
	doi = {10.1007/3-540-45670-8_2},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45670-8_2},
	pages = {-51},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3100
@article{ancey2001introduction,

	author = {Ancey, C.},
	title = {Introduction to Rheology and Application to Geophysics},
	journal = {Geomorphological Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2001},

	abstract = {This chapter gives an overview of the major current issues in rheology through a series of different problems of particular relevance to geophysics. For each topic considered here, we will outline the key elements and point the reader to ward the most helpful references and authoritative works. The reader is also referred to available books introducing rheology [1],[2] for a more complete presentation and to the tutorial written by Middleton and Wilcock on mechanical and rheological applications in geophysics [3]. This chapter will focus on materials encountered by geophysicists (mud, snow, magma, etc.), although in most cases we will consider only suspensions of particles within an interstitial fluid without loss of generality. Other complex fluids such as polymeric liquids are rarely encountered in geophysics.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392455},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45670-8_3},
	doi = {10.1007/3-540-45670-8_3},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45670-8_3},
	pages = {-78},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3101
@article{balmforth2001language,

	author = {Balmforth, N. J. and Provenzale, A. and Whitehead, J. A.},
	title = {The Language of Pattern and Form},
	journal = {Geomorphological Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2001},

	abstract = {Geology and geomorphology deal with some of the most striking patterns of Nature. From mountain ranges and mid-ocean ridges, to river networks and sand dunes, there is a whole family of forms, structures, and shapes that demand rationalization as well as mathematical description. In the various chapters of this volume, many of these patterns will be explored and discussed, and attempts will be made to both unravel the mathematical reasons for their very existence and to describe their dynamics in quantitative terms. In this introductory chapter, we discuss some of the methods that can be adopted in the study of patterns, and use the specific examples of convection - an evergreen classic in nonlinear fluid dynamics---and of the formation of aeolian ripples---another phenomenon that strikes the imagination of anybody who has been travelling in a sand desert.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392454},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45670-8_1},
	doi = {10.1007/3-540-45670-8_1},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45670-8_1},
	pages = {-33},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3102
@article{balmforth2001patterns,

	author = {Balmforth, N. J. and Provenzale, A.},
	title = {Patterns of Dirt},
	journal = {Geomorphological Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2001},

	abstract = {Many natural patterns appear when a simply structured equilibrium state is no longer preferred in comparison to a more complicated restructuring or rearrangement of the system. Our goal is typically a theoretical explanation or rationalization of the physical process, and invariably proceeds by way of mathematics; we formulate equations that describe the physical processes and seek to solve them in the appropriate context. Many standard techniques are available for the purpose to aid our analysis. For example, sometimes, hints about the patterns that will form can be extracted from a study of disturbances of infinitesimal amplitude, and so linear stability theory and decomposition into normal modes are our tools. Often, however, the ultimate, nonlinear mechanism of saturation is critical to selecting or shaping the forming pattern, and this cannot be revealed by linear stability analysis alone. Instead, we must advance into the nonlinear regime where we can use ideas from weakly nonlinear and dynamical systems theory complemented by numerical simulation.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392453},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45670-8_15},
	doi = {10.1007/3-540-45670-8_15},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45670-8_15},
	pages = {-393},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3103
@article{maladen0000undulatory,

	author = {Maladen, Ryan D. and Ding, Yang and Li, Chen and Goldman, Daniel I.},
	title = {Undulatory Swimming in Sand: Subsurface Locomotion of the Sandfish Lizard},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The desert-dwelling sandfish (Scincus scincus) moves within dry sand, a material that displays solid and fluidlike behavior. High-speed x-ray imaging shows that below the surface, the lizard no longer uses limbs for propulsion but generates thrust to overcome drag by propagating an undulatory traveling wave down the body. Although viscous hydrodynamics can predict swimming speed in fluids such as water, an equivalent theory for granular drag is not available. To predict sandfish swimming speed, we developed an empirical model by measuring granular drag force on a small cylinder oriented at different angles relative to the displacement direction and summing these forces over the animal movement profile. The agreement between model and experiment implies that the noninertial swimming occurs in a frictional fluid.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392452},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/325/5938/314},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1172490},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5938},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/325/5938/314},
	volume = {325},
	pages = {-318},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3104
@article{brown0000multiscale,

	author = {Brown, Andre E. X. and Litvinov, Rustem I. and Discher, Dennis E. and Purohit, Prashant K. and Weisel, John W.},
	title = {Multiscale Mechanics of Fibrin Polymer: Gel Stretching with Protein Unfolding and Loss of Water},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Blood clots and thrombi consist primarily of a mesh of branched fibers made of the protein fibrin. We propose a molecular basis for the marked extensibility and negative compressibility of fibrin gels based on the structural and mechanical properties of clots at the network, fiber, and molecular levels. The force required to stretch a clot initially rises linearly and is accompanied by a dramatic decrease in clot volume and a peak in compressibility. These macroscopic transitions are accompanied by fiber alignment and bundling after forced protein unfolding. Constitutive models are developed to integrate observations at spatial scales that span six orders of magnitude and indicate that gel extensibility and expulsion of water are both manifestations of protein unfolding, which is not apparent in other matrix proteins such as collagen.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392451},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/325/5941/741},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1172484},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5941},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/325/5941/741},
	volume = {325},
	pages = {-744},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3105
@article{willems0000biofuels,

	author = {Willems, Paul A.},
	title = {The Biofuels Landscape Through the Lens of Industrial Chemistry},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Replacing petroleum feedstock with biomass in the production of fuels and value-added chemicals carries considerable appeal. As in industrial chemistry more broadly, high-throughput experimentation has greatly facilitated innovation in small-scale exploration of biomass production and processing. Yet biomass is hard to transport, potentially hindering the integration of manufacturing-scale processes. Moreover, the path from laboratory breakthrough to commercial production remains as tortuous as ever.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392450},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/325/5941/707},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1175502},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5941},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/325/5941/707},
	volume = {325},
	pages = {-708},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3106
@article{dudukovic0000frontiers,

	author = {Dudukovic, Milorad P.},
	title = {Frontiers in Reactor Engineering},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The key challenge for reactor engineering is to establish the scientifically based sustainable technologies necessary for meeting the future energy, environmental, and materials needs of the world. This goal requires advancing our scientific understanding of multiscale kinetic transport interactions to enable better reactor choice and to ensure higher reactor and process efficiencies.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392449},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/325/5941/698},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1174274},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5941},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/325/5941/698},
	volume = {325},
	pages = {-701},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3107
@article{shimada0000swimming,

	author = {Shimada, Takashi and Kadau, Dirk and Shinbrot, Troy and Herrmann, Hans J.},
	title = {Swimming in granular media},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392448},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e020301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, flow, fluidization, granular, jin, material, suns, zoology},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e020301},
	volume = {80},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		flow,
		fluidization,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		suns,
		zoology,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3108
@article{kevrekidis2009equationfree,

	author = {Kevrekidis, Ioannis G. and Samaey, Giovanni},
	title = {Equation-Free Multiscale Computation: Algorithms and Applications},
	journal = {Annual Review of Physical Chemistry},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392447},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.physchem.59.032607.093610},
	doi = {10.1146/annurev.physchem.59.032607.093610},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {321+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.physchem.59.032607.093610},
	volume = {60},
	pages = {321+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3109
@article{salazar2009twoparticle,

	author = {Salazar, Juan P. L. C. and Collins, Lance R.},
	title = {Two-Particle Dispersion in Isotropic Turbulent Flows},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392446},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.40.111406.102224},
	doi = {10.1146/annurev.fluid.40.111406.102224},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {405+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.40.111406.102224},
	volume = {41},
	pages = {405+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3110
@article{oda0000some,

	author = {Oda, M. and Konishi, J. and Nemat-Nasser, S.},
	title = {Some experimentally based fundamental results on the mechanical behaviour of granular materials},
	journal = {Geotechnique},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392445},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 3111
@misc{savage0000granular,


	author = {Savage, S. B.},
	booktitle = {Mechanics of granular materials: new models and constitutive relations},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392444},
	editor = {Jenkins, J. T. and Satake, M.},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},
	title = {Granular flows down rough inclines --- review and extension},
	pages = {Elsevier Ltd---282},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3112
@article{kashid2009microstructured,

	author = {Kashid, Madhvanand N. and Kiwi-Minsker, Lioubov},
	title = {Microstructured Reactors for Multiphase Reactions: State of the Art},
	journal = {Industrial \& Engineering Chemistry Research},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392443},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie8017912},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie8017912},
	comment = {doi: 10.1021/ie8017912},
	doi = {10.1021/ie8017912},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {14},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie8017912},
	volume = {48},
	pages = {American Chemical Society---6485},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3113
@article{lade2009kinematic,

	author = {Lade, Poul V. and Gutta, Suresh K. and Yamamuro, Jerry A.},
	title = {Kinematic hardening predictions of large stress-reversals in 3-D test on loose sand},
	journal = {Computers and Geotechnics},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392442},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2009.05.014},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2C-4WMD2N7-1/2/8cf6d6a16a3f1a2a484d4f0598967438},
	doi = {10.1016/j.compgeo.2009.05.014},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, elasticityplasticity, hardening, jin, kinematics, model, reversibility, rotation, sand, stress, suns, triaxial},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2C-4WMD2N7-1/2/8cf6d6a16a3f1a2a484d4f0598967438},
	volume = {In Press, Corrected Proof},
	pages = {-},

	keywords = {
		elasticity, plasticity,
		hardening,
		jin,
		kinematics,
		model,
		reversibility,
		rotation,
		sand,
		stress,
		suns,
		triaxial,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3114
@article{alonsomarroquin2009efficient,

	author = {Alonso-Marroqu'{\i}n, Fernando and Wang, Yucang},
	title = {An efficient algorithm for granular dynamics simulations with complex-shaped objects},
	journal = {Granular Matter},
	year = {2009},

	abstract = {Abstract\~{}\\~{}One of the most difficult aspect of the realistic modeling of granular materials is how to capture the real shape of the particles. Here we present a method to simulate two-dimensional granular materials with complex-shaped particles. The particle shape is represented by the classical concept of a Minkowski sum, which permits the representation of complex shapes without the need to define the object as a composite of spherical or convex particles. A well defined interaction force between these bodies is derived. The algorithm for identification of neighbor particles reduces force calculations to O(N), where N is the number of particles. The method is much more efficient, accurate and easier to implement than other models. We prove that the algorithm is consistent with energy conservation, which is numerically verified using non-dissipative granular dynamics simulations. Biaxial test simulations on dissipative granular systems demonstrate the relevance of shape in the strength and stress fluctuations at the critical state.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392441},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10035-009-0139-1},
	doi = {10.1007/s10035-009-0139-1},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10035-009-0139-1},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_UNMATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3115
@article{otsuki0000critical,

	author = {Otsuki, Michio and Hayakawa, Hisao},
	title = {Critical behaviors of sheared frictionless granular materials near the jamming transition},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392440},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e011308},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, glass, granular, jin, material, molecule, suns, transition},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e011308},
	volume = {80},
	pages = {APS---12},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		glass,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		molecule,
		suns,
		transition,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3116
@article{lau0000fluctuating,

	author = {Lau, A. W. C. and Lubensky, T. C.},
	title = {Fluctuating hydrodynamics and microrheology of a dilute suspension of swimming bacteria},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392439},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e011917},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, biorheology, cell, fluctuation, hydrodynamics, jin, microorganism, motility, noise, suns, suspension, thermal},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e011917},
	volume = {80},
	pages = {APS---15},

	keywords = {
		biorheology,
		cell,
		fluctuation,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		microorganism,
		motility,
		noise,
		suns,
		suspension,
		thermal,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3117
@article{bocquet0000kinetic,

	author = {Bocquet, Lyderic and Colin, Annie and Ajdari, Armand},
	title = {Kinetic Theory of Plastic Flow in Soft Glassy Materials},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392438},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v103/e036001},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v103/e036001},
	volume = {103},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3118
@article{johnson2007subdiscretized,

	author = {Johnson, Scott M. and Williams, John R.},
	title = {Sub-discretized surface model with application to contact mechanics in multi-body simulation},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {2007},

	booktitle = {Special Issue: Discrete Element Methods: The 4th International conference on Discrete Element Methods, The 4th International Conference on Discrete Element Methods, Brisbane, August 2007},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392437},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2009.03.006},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4VTKKTC-1/2/971526658efedb54aacef7e86e0cf49a},
	doi = {10.1016/j.powtec.2009.03.006},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, adhesion, arch, contact, discrete, elasticityplasticity, jin, mechanics, model, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4VTKKTC-1/2/971526658efedb54aacef7e86e0cf49a},
	volume = {193},
	pages = {-331},

	keywords = {
		adhesion,
		arch,
		contact,
		discrete,
		elasticity, plasticity,
		jin,
		mechanics,
		model,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3119
@article{osullivan2007micromechanics,

	author = {O'Sullivan, Catherine and Cui, Liang},
	title = {Micromechanics of granular material response during load reversals: Combined DEM and experimental study},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {2007},

	booktitle = {Special Issue: Discrete Element Methods: The 4th International conference on Discrete Element Methods, The 4th International Conference on Discrete Element Methods, Brisbane, August 2007},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392436},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2009.03.003},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4VT1G0B-2/2/d01518fa962bcc43f26265f2f05ede25},
	doi = {10.1016/j.powtec.2009.03.003},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dem, granular, jin, loadunload, material, suns, triaxial},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:32},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4VT1G0B-2/2/d01518fa962bcc43f26265f2f05ede25},
	volume = {193},
	pages = {-302},

	keywords = {
		dem,
		granular,
		jin,
		load, unload,
		material,
		suns,
		triaxial,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3120
@article{furukawa2009inhomogeneous,

	author = {Furukawa, Akira and Tanaka, Hajime},
	title = {Inhomogeneous flow and fracture of glassy materials},
	journal = {Nat Mater},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392435},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat2468},
	comment = {10.1038/nmat2468},
	doi = {10.1038/nmat2468},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {7},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:32},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat2468},
	volume = {8},
	pages = {Nature Publishing Group---609},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3121
@article{halsey0000motion,

	author = {Halsey, Thomas C.},
	title = {Motion of packings of frictional grains},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392434},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e011303},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, antiferromagnetism, flow, friction, glass, granular, jin, material, rheology, rotation, shear, spin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:32},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v80/e011303},
	volume = {80},
	pages = {APS---13},

	keywords = {
		antiferromagnetism,
		flow,
		friction,
		glass,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		rheology,
		rotation,
		shear,
		spin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3122
@article{mari0000jamming,

	author = {Mari, Romain and Krzakala, Florent and Kurchan, Jorge},
	title = {Jamming versus Glass Transitions},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392433},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v103/e025701},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:32},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v103/e025701},
	volume = {103},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3123
@article{lerner0000locality,

	author = {Lerner, Edan and Procaccia, Itamar},
	title = {Locality and nonlocality in elastoplastic responses of amorphous solids},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392432},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e066109},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, amorph, elasticityplasticity, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:32},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e066109},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {APS---10},

	keywords = {
		amorph,
		elasticity, plasticity,
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3124
@article{gazuz0000active,

	author = {Gazuz, I. and Puertas, A. M. and Voigtmann, Th and Fuchs, M.},
	title = {Active and Nonlinear Microrheology in Dense Colloidal Suspensions},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392431},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e248302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {24},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:32},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e248302},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3125
@article{welker0000what,

	author = {Welker, Philipp R. and McNamara, Sean C.},
	title = {What triggers failure in frictional granular assemblies?},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392430},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e061305},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, contact, friction, granular, jin, material, mechanics, sliding, stability, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:32},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e061305},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {APS---18},

	keywords = {
		contact,
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		mechanics,
		sliding,
		stability,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3126
@incollection{grima0000recovery,

	author = {Grima, E.},
	title = {Recovery of algal PUFAs},
	booktitle = {EMPTY},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392429},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	old_pages = {CRCC+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:32},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {CRCC+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3127
@article{cadelano0000nonlinear,

	author = {Cadelano, Emiliano and Palla, Pier L. and Giordano, Stefano and Colombo, Luciano},
	title = {Nonlinear Elasticity of Monolayer Graphene},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392428},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e235502},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {23},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:32},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e235502},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3128
@article{reynolds0000construction,

	author = {Reynolds, David E.},
	title = {Construction of coarse-grained order parameters in nonequilibrium systems},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392427},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e061107},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, probability, stochastic, suns, wave},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:32},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e061107},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {APS---11},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		probability,
		stochastic,
		suns,
		wave,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3129
@article{menon0000universality,

	author = {Menon, Gautam I. and Ramaswamy, Sriram},
	title = {Universality class of the reversible-irreversible transition in sheared suspensions},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392426},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e061108},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, flow, fluid, jin, nonnewtonian, oscillation, percolation, phase, shear, suns, suspension, transformation},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:32},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e061108},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		flow,
		fluid,
		jin,
		nonnewtonian,
		oscillation,
		percolation,
		phase,
		shear,
		suns,
		suspension,
		transformation,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3130
@article{bauman2008application,

	author = {Bauman, Paul and Dhia, Hachmi and Elkhodja, Nadia and Oden, J. and Prudhomme, Serge},
	title = {On the application of the Arlequin method to the coupling of particle and continuum models},
	journal = {Computational Mechanics},
	year = {2008},

	abstract = {Abstract\~{}\\~{}In this work, we propose to extend the Arlequin framework to couple particle and continuum models. Three different coupling strategies are investigated based on the L 2 norm, H 1 seminorm, and H 1 norm. The mathematical properties of the method are studied for a one-dimensional model of harmonic springs, with varying coefficients, coupled with a linear elastic bar, whose modulus is determined by simple homogenization. It is shown that the method is well-posed for the H 1 seminorm and H 1 norm coupling terms, for both the continuous and discrete formulations. In the case of L 2 coupling, it cannot be shown that the Babu\v{s}ka--Brezzi condition holds for the continuous formulation. Numerical examples are presented for the model problem that illustrate the approximation properties of the different coupling terms and the effect of mesh size.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392425},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00466-008-0291-1},
	doi = {10.1007/s00466-008-0291-1},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:32},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00466-008-0291-1},
	volume = {42},
	pages = {-530},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3131
@article{to2008materials,

	author = {To, Albert and Liu, Wing and Olson, Gregory and Belytschko, Ted and Chen, Wei and Shephard, Mark and Chung, Yip-Wah and Ghanem, Roger and Voorhees, Peter and Seidman, David and Wolverton, Chris and Chen, J. and Moran, Brian and Freeman, Arthur and Tian, Rong and Luo, Xiaojuan and Lautenschlager, Eric and Challoner, A.},
	title = {Materials integrity in microsystems: a framework for a petascale predictive-science-based multiscale modeling and simulation system},
	journal = {Computational Mechanics},
	year = {2008},

	abstract = {Abstract\~{}\\~{}Microsystems have become an integral part of our lives and can be found in homeland security, medical science, aerospace applications and beyond. Many critical microsystem applications are in harsh environments, in which long-term reliability needs to be guaranteed and repair is not feasible. For example, gyroscope microsystems on satellites need to function for over 20 years under severe radiation, thermal cycling, and shock loading. Hence a predictive-science-based, verified and validated computational models and algorithms to predict the performance and materials integrity of microsystems in these situations is needed. Confidence in these predictions is improved by quantifying uncertainties and approximation errors. With no full system testing and limited sub-system testings, petascale computing is certainly necessary to span both time and space scales and to reduce the uncertainty in the prediction of long-term reliability. This paper presents the necessary steps to develop predictive-science-based multiscale modeling and simulation system. The development of this system will be focused on the prediction of the long-term performance of a gyroscope microsystem. The environmental effects to be considered include radiation, thermo-mechanical cycling and shock. Since there will be many material performance issues, attention is restricted to creep resulting from thermal aging and radiation-enhanced mass diffusion, material instability due to radiation and thermo-mechanical cycling and damage and fracture due to shock. To meet these challenges, we aim to develop an integrated multiscale software analysis system that spans the length scales from the atomistic scale to the scale of the device. The proposed software system will include molecular mechanics, phase field evolution, micromechanics and continuum mechanics software, and the state-of-the-art model identification strategies where atomistic properties are calibrated by quantum calculations. We aim to predict the long-term (in excess of 20 years) integrity of the resonator, electrode base, multilayer metallic bonding pads, and vacuum seals in a prescribed mission. Although multiscale simulations are efficient in the sense that they focus the most computationally intensive models and methods on only the portions of the space--time domain needed, the execution of the multiscale simulations associated with evaluating materials and device integrity for aerospace microsystems will require the application of petascale computing. A component-based software strategy will be used in the development of our massively parallel multiscale simulation system. This approach will allow us to take full advantage of existing single scale modeling components. An extensive, pervasive thrust in the software system development is verification, validation, and uncertainty quantification (UQ). Each component and the integrated software system need to be carefully verified. An UQ methodology that determines the quality of predictive information available from experimental measurements and packages the information in a form suitable for UQ at various scales needs to be developed. Experiments to validate the model at the nanoscale, microscale, and macroscale are proposed. The development of a petascale predictive-science-based multiscale modeling and simulation system will advance the field of predictive multiscale science so that it can be used to reliably analyze problems of unprecedented complexity, where limited testing resources can be adequately replaced by petascale computational power, advanced verification, validation, and UQ methodologies.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392424},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00466-008-0267-1},
	doi = {10.1007/s00466-008-0267-1},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:32},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00466-008-0267-1},
	volume = {42},
	pages = {-510},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3132
@article{liu2008predictive,

	author = {Liu, Wing and McVeigh, Cahal},
	title = {Predictive multiscale theory for design of heterogeneous materials},
	journal = {Computational Mechanics},
	year = {2008},

	abstract = {Abstract\~{}\\~{}A general multiscale theory for modeling heterogeneous materials is derived via a nested domain based virtual power decomposition. Three variations on the theory are proposed; a concurrent approach, a simplified hierarchical approach and a statistical power equivalence approach. Deformation at each scale of analysis is solved either (a) by direct numerical simulation (DNS) of the microstructure or (b) by higher order homogenization of the microstructure. If the latter approach is chosen, a set of multiscale homogenized constitutive relations must be derived. This is demonstrated using a computational cell modeling technique for a four scale metal alloy. In each variation of the theory, a transfer of information occurs between the scales giving a coupled formulation. The concurrent approach achieves a more comprehensive coupling than the hierarchical approach, making it more accurate for dynamic fast time scale simulations. The power equivalence approach is strongly coupled and is useful for performing larger scale simulations as the expensive multiple scale DNS boundary value problems are replaced with statistical higher order continua. Furthermore, these continua may be solved on a single spatial discretisation using an extended finite element framework, making the theory applicable within existing high performance computing codes.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392423},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00466-007-0176-8},
	doi = {10.1007/s00466-007-0176-8},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:32},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00466-007-0176-8},
	volume = {42},
	pages = {-170},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3133
@article{lubarda0000constitutive,

	author = {Lubarda, Vlado A.},
	title = {Constitutive theories based on the multiplicative decomposition of deformation gradient: Thermoelasticity, elastoplasticity, and biomechanics},
	journal = {Applied Mechanics Reviews},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392422},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?AMR/57/95/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, biomechanics, deformation, elasticityplasticity, jin, plastic, suns, thermoelasticity},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:32},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?AMR/57/95/1},
	volume = {57},
	pages = {ASME---108},

	keywords = {
		biomechanics,
		deformation,
		elasticity, plasticity,
		jin,
		plastic,
		suns,
		thermoelasticity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3134
@article{eckart0000thermodynamics,

	author = {Eckart, Carl},
	title = {The Thermodynamics of Irreversible Processes. IV. The Theory of Elasticity and Anelasticity},
	journal = {Physical Review},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392421},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PR/v73/p373},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	old_pages = {373+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:32},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PR/v73/p373},
	volume = {73},
	pages = {373+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3135
@article{derksen2009simulations,

	author = {Derksen, J. J. and Prashant},
	title = {Simulations of complex flow of thixotropic liquids},
	journal = {Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392420},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnnfm.2009.02.011},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TGV-4VV2NJF-2/2/df27acf0d3c46ed5476900455e745a4e},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jnnfm.2009.02.011},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, cavity, jin, latticeboltzmann, mixing, suns, tank, thixotropy},
	number = {2-3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:32},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TGV-4VV2NJF-2/2/df27acf0d3c46ed5476900455e745a4e},
	volume = {160},
	pages = {-75},

	keywords = {
		cavity,
		jin,
		lattice, boltzmann,
		mixing,
		suns,
		tank,
		thixotropy,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3136
@article{pai2009comprehensive,

	author = {Pai, Madhusudan G. and Subramaniam, Shankar},
	title = {A comprehensive probability density function formalism for multiphase flows},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392419},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S002211200900617X},
	doi = {10.1017/S002211200900617X},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:32},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S002211200900617X},
	volume = {628},
	pages = {-228},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3137
@article{bouchelaghem2009multiscale,

	author = {Bouchelaghem, Fatiha},
	title = {Multi-scale modelling of the permeability evolution of fine sands during cement suspension grouting with filtration},
	journal = {Computers and Geotechnics},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392418},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2009.03.016},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2C-4W4S381-4/2/1cda69a2ad14a9e259f0a38596af6072},
	doi = {10.1016/j.compgeo.2009.03.016},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, evolution, filtration, grouting, jin, microcement, microstructure, model, multiscale, suns, validation},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:32},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2C-4W4S381-4/2/1cda69a2ad14a9e259f0a38596af6072},
	volume = {36},
	pages = {-1071},

	keywords = {
		evolution,
		filtration,
		grouting,
		jin,
		microcement,
		microstructure,
		model,
		multiscale,
		suns,
		validation,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3138
@article{simsek2009numerical,

	author = {Simsek, E. and Brosch, B. and Wirtz, S. and Scherer, V. and Kr\"{u}ll, F.},
	title = {Numerical simulation of grate firing systems using a coupled CFD/discrete element method (DEM)},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {2009},

	booktitle = {Special Issue: Discrete Element Methods: The 4th International conference on Discrete Element Methods, The 4th International Conference on Discrete Element Methods, Brisbane, August 2007},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392417},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2009.03.011},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4VVGKN1-2/2/edeae6260acda0d1c5f84e44c6315775},
	doi = {10.1016/j.powtec.2009.03.011},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, chemical, combustion, dem, discrete, firing, grate, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:32},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4VVGKN1-2/2/edeae6260acda0d1c5f84e44c6315775},
	volume = {193},
	pages = {-273},

	keywords = {
		chemical,
		combustion,
		dem,
		discrete,
		firing,
		grate,
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3139
@article{macpherson0000particle,

	author = {Macpherson, Graham B. and Nordin, Niklas and Weller, Henry G.},
	title = {Particle tracking in unstructured, arbitrary polyhedral meshes for use in CFD and molecular dynamics},
	journal = {Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392416},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	old_pages = {273},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:32},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {25},
	pages = {273},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3140
@article{goddard0000nonlinear,

	author = {Goddard, J. D.},
	title = {Nonlinear Elasticity and Pressure-Dependent Wave Speeds in Granular Media},
	journal = {Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical and Physical Sciences},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Following is an analysis of the small-strain nonlinear elasticity of granular media near states of zero stress, as it relates to the pressure-dependent incremental linear elasticity and wave speeds. The main object is elucidation of the p\\$\\^\\$\\backslash\\$frac\\1\\\\2\\\\\\$ dependence of incremental elastic moduli on pressure p, a dependence observed in numerous experiments but found to be at odds with the p\\$\\^\\$\\backslash\\$frac\\1\\\\3\\\\\\$ scaling predicted by various micromechanical models based on hertzian contact. After presenting a power-law continuum model for small-strain nonlinear elasticity, the present work develops micromechanical models based on two alternative mechanisms for the anomalous pressure scaling, namely: (1) departures at the single-contact level from the hertzian contact, due to point-like or conical asphericity; (2) variation in the number density of hertzian contacts, due to buckling of particle chains. Both mechanisms result in p\\$\\^\\$\\backslash\\$frac\\1\\\\2\\\\\\$ pressure scaling at low pressure and both exhibit a high-pressure transition to p\\$\\^\\$\\backslash\\$frac\\1\\\\3\\\\\\$ scaling at a characteristic transition pressure p\\$\\^\\$\\backslash\\$ast\\\\$. For assemblages of nearly equal spheres, a non-hertzian contact model for mechanism (1) and percolation-type model for (2) yield estimates of p\\$\\^\\$\\backslash\\$ast\\\\$ of the form p\\$\\^\\$\\backslash\\$ast\\\\$ = c\\$\\$\\backslash\\$hat\\$\\backslash\\$mu\\$\\backslash\\$alpha \\^\\3\\\\$. Here c is a non-dimensional coefficient depending only on granular-contact geometry, while \\$\\$\\backslash\\$alpha \\$\\backslash\\$ll \\$ 1 is a small parameter representing spherical imperfections and \\$\\$\\backslash\\$hat\\$\\backslash\\$mu\\\\$ is an appropriate elastic modulus of the particles. Then, with R representing particle radius and h a characteristic spherical tolerance or asperity height, it is found that \\$\\$\\backslash\\$alpha \\$ = (h/R)\\$\\^\\$\\backslash\\$frac\\1\\\\2\\\\\\$ for mechanism (1) as opposed to \\$\\$\\backslash\\$alpha \\$ = h/R for (2). Limited data from the classic experiments of Duffy \& Mindlin on sphere assemblages tend to support mechanism (1), but more exhaustive experiments are called for. In addition to the above analysis of reversible elastic effects, a percolation model of inelastic `shake-down' or consolidation is given. It serves to describe how prolonged mechanical vibration, leading to the replacement of point-like or inactive contacts by stiffer Hertz contacts may change the pressure-scaling behaviour of particulate media. The present analysis suggests that pressure-dependence of elasticity may provide a useful means of characterizing the state of consolidation and stability of dense particulate media.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392415},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://rspa.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/430/1878/105.abstract},
	comment = {10.1098/rspa.1990.0083},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1878},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:32},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://rspa.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/430/1878/105.abstract},
	volume = {430},
	pages = {-131},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3141
@article{pride2009goddard,

	author = {Pride, Steven and Berryman, James},
	title = {Goddard rattler-jamming mechanism for quantifying pressure dependence of elastic moduli of grain packs},
	journal = {Acta Mechanica},
	year = {2009},

	abstract = {Abstract\~{}\\~{}An analysis is presented to show how it is possible for unconsolidated granular packings to obey overall non-Hertzian pressure dependence due to the imperfect and random spatial arrangements of the grains in these packs. With imperfect arrangement, some gaps that remain between grains can be closed by strains applied to the grain packing. As these gaps are closed, former rattler grains become jammed and new stress-bearing contacts are created that increase the elastic stiffness of the packing. By allowing for such a mechanism, detailed analytical expressions are obtained for increases in bulk modulus of a random packing of grains with increasing stress and strain. Only isotropic stress and strain are considered in this analysis. The model is shown to give a favorable fit to laboratory data on variations in bulk modulus due to variations in applied pressure for bead packs.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392414},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00707-009-0164-5},
	doi = {10.1007/s00707-009-0164-5},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:32},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00707-009-0164-5},
	volume = {205},
	pages = {-196},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3142
@article{pena2009geometrical,

	author = {Pe\~{n}a, Andr\'{e}s and Lind, Pedro and McNamara, Sean and Herrmann, Hans},
	title = {Geometrical derivation of frictional forces for granular media under slow shearing},
	journal = {Acta Mechanica},
	year = {2009},

	abstract = {Abstract\~{}\\~{}We present an alternative way to determine the frictional forces at the contact between two particles. This alternative approach has its motivation in a detailed analysis of the bounds on the time integration step in the discrete element method for simulating collisions and shearing of granular assemblies. We show that, in standard numerical schemes, the upper limit for the time integration step, usually taken from the average time t c of one contact, is in fact not sufficiently small to guarantee numerical convergence of the system during relaxation. In particular, we study in detail how the kinetic energy decays during the relaxation stage and compute the correct upper limits for the time integration step, which are significantly smaller than the ones commonly used. In addition, we introduce an alternative approach based on simple relations to compute the frictional forces that converges even for time integration steps above the upper limit.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392413},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00707-009-0172-5},
	doi = {10.1007/s00707-009-0172-5},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:32},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00707-009-0172-5},
	volume = {205},
	pages = {-183},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3143
@article{ostojastarzewski2009extremum,

	author = {Ostoja-Starzewski, Martin},
	title = {Extremum and variational principles for elastic and inelastic media with fractal geometries},
	journal = {Acta Mechanica},
	year = {2009},

	abstract = {Abstract\~{}\\~{}This paper further continues the recently begun extension of continuum mechanics and thermodynamics to fractal porous media which are specified by a mass (or spatial) fractal dimension D, a surface fractal dimension d, and a resolution lengthscale R. The focus is on pre-fractal media (i.e., those with lower and upper cut-offs) through a theory based on dimensional regularization, in which D is also the order of fractional integrals employed to state global balance laws. In effect, the global forms of governing equations may be cast in forms involving conventional (integer-order) integrals, while the local forms are expressed through partial differential equations with derivatives of integer order but containing coefficients involving D, d and R. Here we first generalize the principles of virtual work, virtual displacement and virtual stresses, which in turn allow us to extend the minimum energy theorems of elasticity theory. Next, we generalize the extremum principles of elasto-plastic and rigid-plastic bodies. In all the cases, the derived relations depend explicitly on D, d and R, and, upon setting D = 3 and d = 2, they reduce to conventional forms of governing equations for continuous media with Euclidean geometries.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392412},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00707-009-0169-0},
	doi = {10.1007/s00707-009-0169-0},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:32},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00707-009-0169-0},
	volume = {205},
	pages = {-170},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3144
@article{karra2009thermodynamic,

	author = {Karra, S. and Rajagopal, K.},
	title = {A thermodynamic framework to develop rate-type models for fluids without instantaneous elasticity},
	journal = {Acta Mechanica},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392411},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00707-009-0167-2},
	doi = {10.1007/s00707-009-0167-2},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00707-009-0167-2},
	volume = {205},
	pages = {-119},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3145
@article{nott2009classical,

	author = {Nott, Prabhu},
	title = {Classical and Cosserat plasticity and viscoplasticity models for slow granular flow},
	journal = {Acta Mechanica},
	year = {2009},

	abstract = {Abstract\~{}\\~{}We consider models for the rheology of dense, slowly deforming granular materials based of classical and Cosserat plasticity, and their viscoplastic extensions that account for small but finite particle inertia. We determine the scale for the viscosity by expanding the stress in a dimensionless parameter that is a measure of the particle inertia. We write the constitutive relations for classical and Cosserat plasticity in stress-explicit form. The viscoplastic extensions are made by adding a rate-dependent viscous stress to the plasticity stress. We apply the models to plane Couette flow, and show that the classical plasticity and viscoplasticity models have features that depart from experimental observations; the prediction of the Cosserat viscoplasticity model is qualitatively similar to that of Cosserat plasticity, but the viscosities modulate the thickness of the shear layer.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392409},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00707-009-0166-3},
	doi = {10.1007/s00707-009-0166-3},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00707-009-0166-3},
	volume = {205},
	pages = {-160},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3146
@article{maloney0000anisotropic,

	author = {Maloney, C. E. and Robbins, M. O.},
	title = {Anisotropic Power Law Strain Correlations in Sheared Amorphous 2D Solids},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392408},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e225502},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {22},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e225502},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3147
@article{wachs2009demdlmfd,

	author = {Wachs, Anthony},
	title = {A DEM-DLM/FD method for direct numerical simulation of particulate flows: Sedimentation of polygonal isometric particles in a Newtonian fluid with collisions},
	journal = {Computers \& Fluids},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392407},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2009.01.005},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V26-4VGF3R4-1/2/3923872c02f1ae88d92f4c9f0d58529c},
	doi = {10.1016/j.compfluid.2009.01.005},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {8},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V26-4VGF3R4-1/2/3923872c02f1ae88d92f4c9f0d58529c},
	volume = {38},
	pages = {-1628},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3148
@article{chisti1986disruption,

	author = {Chisti, Yusuf and Moo-Young, Murray},
	title = {Disruption of microbial cells for intracellular products},
	journal = {Enzyme and Microbial Technology},
	year = {1986},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392406},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-0229(86)90087-6},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TG1-47GMH3V-CR/2/c69ff57d57b5b3c9c7091980e61af7f1},
	doi = {10.1016/0141-0229(86)90087-6},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, cell, disintegration, disruption, enzyme, intracellular, jin, microorganism, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TG1-47GMH3V-CR/2/c69ff57d57b5b3c9c7091980e61af7f1},
	volume = {8},
	pages = {-204},

	keywords = {
		cell,
		disintegration,
		disruption,
		enzyme,
		intracellular,
		jin,
		microorganism,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3149
@article{siegelmann0000computation,

	author = {Siegelmann, Hava T.},
	title = {Computation Beyond the Turing Limit},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Extensive efforts have been made to prove the Church-Turing thesis, which suggests that all realizable dynamical and physical systems cannot be more powerful than classical models of computation. A simply described but highly chaotic dynamical system called the analog shift map is presented here, which has computational power beyond the Turing limit (super-Turing); it computes exactly like neural networks and analog machines. This dynamical system is conjectured to describe natural physical phenomena.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392405},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/268/5210/545},
	comment = {10.1126/science.268.5210.545},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5210},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/268/5210/545},
	volume = {268},
	pages = {-548},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3150
@article{kabla0000dilatancy,

	author = {Kabla, Alexandre J. and Senden, Tim J.},
	title = {Dilatancy in Slow Granular Flows},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392404},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e228301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {22},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e228301},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3151
@article{heussinger0000jamming,

	author = {Heussinger, Claus and Barrat, Jean-Louis},
	title = {Jamming Transition as Probed by Quasistatic Shear Flow},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392403},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e218303},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {21},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e218303},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3152
@article{bonneau0000evidence,

	author = {Bonneau, L. and Andreotti, B. and Clement, E.},
	title = {Evidence of Rayleigh-Hertz Surface Waves and Shear Stiffness Anomaly in Granular Media},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392402},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v101/e118001},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {11},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v101/e118001},
	volume = {101},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3153
@article{jiang0000granular,

	author = {Jiang, Yimin and Liu, Mario},
	title = {Granular Elasticity without the Coulomb Condition},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392401},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v91/e144301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {14},
	old_pages = {144301+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v91/e144301},
	volume = {91},
	pages = {144301+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3154
@article{drucker0000soil_1,

	author = {Drucker, D. C. and Gibson, R. E. and Henkel, D. J.},
	title = {Soil mechanics and work hardening theories of plasticity},
	journal = {Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392400},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:31},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {122},
	pages = {-346},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3155
@article{michrafy2002modelling,

	author = {Michrafy, A. and Ringenbacher, D. and Tchoreloff, P.},
	title = {Modelling the compaction behaviour of powders: application to pharmaceutical powders},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {2002},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392399},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0032-5910(02)00119-5},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-47006MR-7/2/f2a424791170b0788e64d57c56fbc667},
	doi = {10.1016/S0032-5910(02)00119-5},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, compaction, elasticityplasticity, jin, mechanics, model, powder, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-47006MR-7/2/f2a424791170b0788e64d57c56fbc667},
	volume = {127},
	pages = {-266},

	keywords = {
		compaction,
		elasticity, plasticity,
		jin,
		mechanics,
		model,
		powder,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3156
@article{sinka2004analysis,

	author = {Sinka, I. C. and Cunningham, J. C. and Zavaliangos, A.},
	title = {Analysis of tablet compaction. II. Finite element analysis of density distributions in convex tablets},
	journal = {Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences},
	year = {2004},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392398},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.20111},
	doi = {10.1002/jps.20111},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {8},
	old_pages = {2053},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.20111},
	volume = {93},
	pages = {2053},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3157
@article{cunningham2004analysis,

	author = {Cunningham, J. C. and Sinka, I. C. and Zavaliangos, A.},
	title = {Analysis of tablet compaction. I. Characterization of mechanical behavior of powder and powder/tooling friction},
	journal = {Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences},
	year = {2004},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392397},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.20110},
	doi = {10.1002/jps.20110},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {8},
	old_pages = {2039},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.20110},
	volume = {93},
	pages = {2039},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3158
@article{liu0000force,

	author = {Liu and Nagel, S. R. and Schecter, D. A. and Coppersmith, S. N. and Majumdar, S. and Narayan, O. and Witten, T. A.},
	title = {Force Fluctuations in Bead Packs},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Experimental observations and numerical simulations of the large force inhomogeneities present in stationary bead packs are presented. Forces much larger than the mean occurred but were exponentially rare. An exactly soluble model reproduced many aspects of the experiments and simulations. In this model, the fluctuations in the force distribution arise because of variations in the contact angles and the constraints imposed by the force balance on each bead in the pile.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392395},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/269/5223/513},
	comment = {10.1126/science.269.5223.513},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5223},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/269/5223/513},
	volume = {269},
	pages = {-515},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3159
@article{sinka2003effect,

	author = {Sinka, I. C. and Cunningham, J. C. and Zavaliangos, A.},
	title = {The effect of wall friction in the compaction of pharmaceutical tablets with curved faces: a validation study of the Drucker-Prager Cap model},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {2003},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392393},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0032-5910(03)00094-9},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4956RR7-2/2/9ad711a0367adcb5f32187eba37d82a1},
	doi = {10.1016/S0032-5910(03)00094-9},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, compaction, density, distribution, friction, jin, suns, tablet},
	number = {1-3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4956RR7-2/2/9ad711a0367adcb5f32187eba37d82a1},
	volume = {133},
	pages = {-43},

	keywords = {
		compaction,
		density,
		distribution,
		friction,
		jin,
		suns,
		tablet,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3160
@article{johanson2009effect,

	author = {Johanson, Kerry},
	title = {Effect of particle shape on unconfined yield strength},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392392},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2009.05.004},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4W8VW49-3/2/2cb18d07d17670f0b1cf9503bcf2142f},
	doi = {10.1016/j.powtec.2009.05.004},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, adhesion, cohesion, jin, mechanics, particle, powder, shape, shear, strength, suns, unconfined, yield},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4W8VW49-3/2/2cb18d07d17670f0b1cf9503bcf2142f},
	volume = {In Press, Accepted Manuscript},
	pages = {-},

	keywords = {
		adhesion,
		cohesion,
		jin,
		mechanics,
		particle,
		powder,
		shape,
		shear,
		strength,
		suns,
		unconfined,
		yield,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3161
@article{rountree0000plasticityinduced,

	author = {Rountree, C. L. and Vandembroucq, D. and Talamali, M. and Bouchaud, E. and Roux, S.},
	title = {Plasticity-Induced Structural Anisotropy of Silica Glass},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392391},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e195501},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {19},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e195501},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3162
@article{flenner0000anisotropic,

	author = {Flenner, Elijah and Szamel, Grzegorz},
	title = {Anisotropic spatially heterogeneous dynamics on the alpha and beta relaxation time scales studied via a four-point correlation function},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392390},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e051502},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, brownian, glass, jin, liquid, motion, structure, suns, transition, vitrification},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e051502},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {APS---9},

	keywords = {
		brownian,
		glass,
		jin,
		liquid,
		motion,
		structure,
		suns,
		transition,
		vitrification,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3163
@article{desgranges0000universal,

	author = {Desgranges, Caroline and Delhommelle, Jerome},
	title = {Universal scaling law for energy and pressure in a shearing fluid},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392389},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e052201},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, jin, lennardjones, liquid, metal, molecule, potential, suns, viscosity},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e052201},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		jin,
		lennard, jones,
		liquid,
		metal,
		molecule,
		potential,
		suns,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3164
@article{yin2009fluidparticle,

	author = {Yin, Xiaolong and Sundaresan, Sankaran},
	title = {Fluid-particle drag in low-Reynolds-number polydisperse gas-solid suspensions},
	journal = {AIChE Journal},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392388},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.11800},
	doi = {10.1002/aic.11800},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	old_pages = {1368},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.11800},
	volume = {55},
	pages = {1368},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3165
@article{jiang2009granular,

	author = {Jiang, Yimin and Liu, Mario},
	title = {Granular solid hydrodynamics},
	journal = {Granular Matter},
	year = {2009},

	abstract = {Abstract\~{}\\~{}A complete continuum mechanical theory for granular media, including explicit expressions for the energy current and the entropy production, is derived and explained. Its underlying notion is: granular media are elastic when at rest, but turn transiently elastic when the grains are agitated---such as by tapping or shearing. The theory includes the true temperature as a variable, and employs in addition a granular temperature to quantify the extent of agitation. A free energy expression is provided that contains the full jamming phase diagram, in the space spanned by pressure, shear stress, density and granular temperature. We refer to the theory as GSH, for granular solid hydrodynamics. In the static limit, it reduces to granular elasticity, shown previously to yield realistic static stress distributions. For steady-state deformations, it is equivalent to hypoplasticity, a state-of-the-art engineering model.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392387},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10035-009-0137-3},
	doi = {10.1007/s10035-009-0137-3},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10035-009-0137-3},
	volume = {11},
	pages = {-156},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3166
@article{plimpton1995fast,

	author = {Plimpton, Steve},
	title = {Fast Parallel Algorithms for Short-Range Molecular Dynamics},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {1995},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392386},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jcph.1995.1039},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-45NJN1B-3N/2/58aa2a309d2ebbbe60e0f417d398b0ef},
	doi = {10.1006/jcph.1995.1039},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-45NJN1B-3N/2/58aa2a309d2ebbbe60e0f417d398b0ef},
	volume = {117},
	pages = {-19},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3167
@article{davis2009forceinduced,

	author = {Davis, Douglas A. and Hamilton, Andrew and Yang, Jinglei and Cremar, Lee D. and Van Gough, Dara and Potisek, Stephanie L. and Ong, Mitchell T. and Braun, Paul V. and Martinez, Todd J. and White, Scott R. and Moore, Jeffrey S. and Sottos, Nancy R.},
	title = {Force-induced activation of covalent bonds in mechanoresponsive polymeric materials},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392385},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature07970},
	comment = {10.1038/nature07970},
	doi = {10.1038/nature07970},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {7243},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature07970},
	volume = {459},
	pages = {Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved---72},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3168
@article{topin0000subparticle,

	author = {Topin, Vincent and Radjai, Farhang and Delenne, Jean-Yves},
	title = {Subparticle stress fields in granular solids},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392384},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e051302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, compression, concrete, granular, jin, material, rock, strength, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:30},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e051302},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		compression,
		concrete,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		rock,
		strength,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3169
@article{voyiadjis2007evolution_1,

	author = {Voyiadjis, George Z. and Kattan, Peter I.},
	title = {Evolution of fabric tensors in damage mechanics of solids with micro-cracks: Part II - Evolution of length and orientation of micro-cracks with an application to uniaxial tension},
	journal = {Mechanics Research Communications},
	year = {2007},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392383},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mechrescom.2006.09.005},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V48-4M3HY5K-4/2/2ceb03370be51e83162cc4b48d3a3539},
	doi = {10.1016/j.mechrescom.2006.09.005},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, crack, damage, evolution, fabric, jin, mechanics, microcrack, suns, tensor},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:30},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V48-4M3HY5K-4/2/2ceb03370be51e83162cc4b48d3a3539},
	volume = {34},
	pages = {-163},

	keywords = {
		crack,
		damage,
		evolution,
		fabric,
		jin,
		mechanics,
		microcrack,
		suns,
		tensor,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3170
@article{voyiadjis2007evolution_2,

	author = {Voyiadjis, George Z. and Kattan, Peter I.},
	title = {Evolution of fabric tensors in damage mechanics of solids with micro-cracks: Part I - Theory and fundamental concepts},
	journal = {Mechanics Research Communications},
	year = {2007},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392382},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mechrescom.2006.09.004},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V48-4M3HY5K-3/2/9c3fc06f48d9093acb4584a368d9d288},
	doi = {10.1016/j.mechrescom.2006.09.004},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, crack, damage, evolution, fabric, jin, mechanics, microcrack, suns, tensor},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:30},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V48-4M3HY5K-3/2/9c3fc06f48d9093acb4584a368d9d288},
	volume = {34},
	pages = {-154},

	keywords = {
		crack,
		damage,
		evolution,
		fabric,
		jin,
		mechanics,
		microcrack,
		suns,
		tensor,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3171
@article{millet2009order,

	author = {Millet, O. and Gu, Shuitao and Kondo, D.},
	title = {A 4th order fabric tensor approach applied to granular media},
	journal = {Computers and Geotechnics},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392381},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2008.12.008},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2C-4VXT116-1/2/5f0a507d0649d051b287b1c8d5692ffd},
	doi = {10.1016/j.compgeo.2008.12.008},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, anisotropy, fabric, granular, homogeneity, jin, medium, suns, tensor},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:30},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2C-4VXT116-1/2/5f0a507d0649d051b287b1c8d5692ffd},
	volume = {36},
	pages = {-742},

	keywords = {
		anisotropy,
		fabric,
		granular,
		homogeneity,
		jin,
		medium,
		suns,
		tensor,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3172
@article{lade0000single,

	author = {Lade, P. V. and Kim, M. K.},
	title = {Single hardening constitutive model for frictional materials: III. Comparison with experimental data},
	journal = {Computers and Geotechnics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392380},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:30},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {6},
	pages = {-47},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3173
@article{lade0000elastoplastic,

	author = {Lade, P. V. and Duncan, J. M.},
	title = {Elastoplastic stress-strain theory for cohesionless soil},
	journal = {Journal of Geotechnology Engineering},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392379},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:30},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {101},
	pages = {-1053},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3174
@article{drucker0000soil_2,

	author = {Drucker, D. C. and Prager, W.},
	title = {Soil mechanics and plastic analysis or limit design},
	journal = {Quarterly of Applied mathematics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392378},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:30},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {10},
	pages = {-165},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3175
@article{verhoeff0000orientation,

	author = {Verhoeff, A. A. and van Rijssel, J. and de Villeneuve, V. W. A. and Lekkerkerker, H. N. W.},
	title = {Orientation dependent Stokes drag in a colloidal liquid crystal},
	journal = {Soft Matter},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392377},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:30},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {4},
	pages = {-1604},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3176
@article{ruhwandl0000friction,

	author = {Ruhwandl, R. W. and Terentjev, E. M.},
	title = {Friction drag on a particle moving in a nematic liquid crystal},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392376},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v54/p5204},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	old_pages = {5204+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:30},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v54/p5204},
	volume = {54},
	pages = {5204+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3177
@article{hasnain0000microrheological,

	author = {Hasnain, I. A. and Donald, A. M.},
	title = {Microrheological characterization of anisotropic materials},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392375},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e031901},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:30},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e031901},
	volume = {73},
	pages = {APS---5},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3178
@article{stark0000stokes,

	author = {Stark, Holger and Ventzki, Dieter},
	title = {Stokes drag of spherical particles in a nematic environment at low Ericksen numbers},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392374},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v64/e031711},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	old_pages = {031711+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:30},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v64/e031711},
	volume = {64},
	pages = {031711+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3179
@article{loudet0000stokes,

	author = {Loudet, J. C. and Hanusse, P. and Poulin, P.},
	title = {Stokes Drag on a Sphere in a Nematic Liquid Crystal},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The Stokes-Einstein relation relates the diffusion coefficient of a spherical Brownian particle in a viscous fluid to its friction coefficient. For a particle suspended in anisotropic liquid, theory predicts that the drag coefficient should also be anisotropic. Using video microscopy coupled with particle tracking routines, the Brownian fluctuations of micrometer-sized particles were analyzed to yield a quantitative measurement of the diffusion coefficients parallel and perpendicular to the nematic director. The experimental values agree quite well with recent numerical calculations that take into account the distortions of the director field in the vicinity of the particles.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392373},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/306/5701/1525},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1102864},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5701},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:30},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/306/5701/1525},
	volume = {306},
	pages = {-},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3180
@article{goddard0000dissipative_1,

	author = {Goddard, J. D.},
	title = {Dissipative materials as models of thixotropy and plasticity},
	journal = {Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392372},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:30},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {14},
	pages = {141},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3181
@article{rapaport0000simulational,

	author = {Rapaport, D. C.},
	title = {Simulational nanoengineering: Molecular dynamics implementation of an atomistic Stirling engine},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392371},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e047702},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, engine, exchanger, heat, jin, molecule, nanofluidics, piston, stirling, suns, thermostat},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:30},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e047702},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		engine,
		exchanger,
		heat,
		jin,
		molecule,
		nanofluidics,
		piston,
		stirling,
		suns,
		thermostat,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3182
@article{hatano0000growing,

	author = {Hatano, Takahiro},
	title = {Growing length and time scales in a suspension of athermal particles},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392370},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e050301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, stress, suns, suspension},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:30},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e050301},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		stress,
		suns,
		suspension,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3183
@article{dahmen0000micromechanical,

	author = {Dahmen, Karin A. and Ben-Zion, Yehuda and Uhl, Jonathan T.},
	title = {Micromechanical Model for Deformation in Solids with Universal Predictions for Stress-Strain Curves and Slip Avalanches},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392369},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e175501},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {17},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:30},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e175501},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3184
@article{voivret0000multiscale,

	author = {Voivret, C. and Radjai, F. and Delenne and El Youssoufi, M. S.},
	title = {Multiscale Force Networks in Highly Polydisperse Granular Media},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392368},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e178001},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {17},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:30},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e178001},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3185
@article{rycroft2009assessing,

	author = {Rycroft, Chris H. and Kamrin, Ken and Bazant, Martin Z.},
	title = {Assessing continuum postulates in simulations of granular flow},
	journal = {Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392367},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2009.01.009},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-4VKP476-1/2/4ca088f88ab6a4ec016e50cab7b881d4},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jmps.2009.01.009},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, jin, material, numeric, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:30},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-4VKP476-1/2/4ca088f88ab6a4ec016e50cab7b881d4},
	volume = {57},
	pages = {-839},

	keywords = {
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		numeric,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3186
@article{chandler0000lengthscale,

	author = {Chandler, David and Garrahan, Juan P. and Jack, Robert L. and Maibaum, Lutz and Pan, Albert C.},
	title = {Lengthscale dependence of dynamic four-point susceptibilities in glass formers},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392366},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e051501},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, brownian, glass, jin, motion, numeric, structure, suns, vitrification},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:30},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e051501},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---9},

	keywords = {
		brownian,
		glass,
		jin,
		motion,
		numeric,
		structure,
		suns,
		vitrification,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3187
@article{glotzer0000timedependent,

	author = {Glotzer, Sharon C. and Novikov, Vladimir N. and Schroder, Thomas B.},
	title = {Time-dependent, four-point density correlation function description of dynamical heterogeneity and decoupling in supercooled liquids},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392364},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/112/509/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, jin, liquid, molecule, suns, supercooling},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/112/509/1},
	volume = {112},
	pages = {AIP---512},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		jin,
		liquid,
		molecule,
		suns,
		supercooling,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3188
@article{andersen0000molecular,

	author = {Andersen, Hans C.},
	title = {Molecular dynamics studies of heterogeneous dynamics and dynamic crossover in supercooled atomic liquids},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Supercooled liquids near the glass transition exhibit the phenomenon of heterogeneous relaxation; at any specific time, a nominally homogeneous equilibrium fluid undergoes dynamic fluctuations in its structure on a molecular distance scale with rates that are very different in different regions of the sample. Several theoretical and simulation studies have suggested a change in the nature of the dynamics of fluids as they are supercooled, leading to the concept of a dynamic crossover that is often associated with mode coupling theory. Here, we will review the use of molecular dynamics computer simulation methods to investigate heterogeneous dynamics and dynamic crossovers in models of atomic liquids.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392363},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.pnas.org/content/102/19/6686.abstract},
	comment = {10.1073/pnas.0500946102},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {19},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.pnas.org/content/102/19/6686.abstract},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {-6691},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3189
@article{biroli0000diverging,

	author = {Biroli, G. and Bouchaud},
	title = {Diverging length scale and upper critical dimension in the Mode-Coupling Theory of the glass transition},
	journal = {EPL (Europhysics Letters)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We show that the glass transition predicted by the Mode-Coupling Theory (MCT) is a critical phenomenon with a diverging length and time scale associated to the cooperativity of the dynamics. We obtain the scaling exponents n and z that relate space and time scales to the distance from criticality, as well as the scaling form of the critical four-point correlation function. However, both these predictions and other well-known MCT results are mean field in nature and are thus expected to change below the upper critical dimension dc = 6, as suggested by different forms of the Ginzburg criterion.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392362},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {67},
	pages = {-27},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3190
@article{toninelli0000dynamical,

	author = {Toninelli, Cristina and Wyart, Matthieu and Berthier, Ludovic and Biroli, Giulio and Bouchaud, Jean-Philippe},
	title = {Dynamical susceptibility of glass formers: Contrasting the predictions of theoretical scenarios},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392361},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v71/e041505},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	old_pages = {041505+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v71/e041505},
	volume = {71},
	pages = {041505+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3191
@article{franz0000nonlinear,

	author = {Franz, Silvio and Parisi, Giorgio},
	title = {On non-linear susceptibility in supercooled liquids},
	journal = {Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In this paper, we discuss theoretically the behaviour of the four-point non-linear susceptibility and its associated correlation length for supercooled liquids close to the mode-coupling instability temperature Tc. We work in the theoretical framework of the glass transition as described by mean-field theory of disordered systems, and the hypernetted-chain approximation. Our results give an interpretation framework for recent numerical findings on heterogeneities in supercooled liquid dynamics.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392360},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {29},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {12},
	pages = {-6342},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3192
@article{lefevre0000spatially,

	author = {Lef\`{e}vre, Alexandre and Berthier, Ludovic and Stinchcombe, Robin},
	title = {Spatially heterogeneous dynamics in a model for granular compaction},
	journal = {Phys. Rev. E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392359},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {72},
	pages = {American Physical Society+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3193
@article{marty0000subdiffusion,

	author = {Marty, G. and Dauchot, O.},
	title = {Subdiffusion and Cage Effect in a Sheared Granular Material},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392358},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v94/e015701},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {015701+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v94/e015701},
	volume = {94},
	pages = {015701+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3194
@article{dauchot0000dynamical,

	author = {Dauchot, O. and Marty, G. and Biroli, G.},
	title = {Dynamical Heterogeneity Close to the Jamming Transition in a Sheared Granular Material},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392357},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v95/e265701},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {26},
	old_pages = {265701+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v95/e265701},
	volume = {95},
	pages = {265701+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3195
@article{lubchenko2007theory,

	author = {Lubchenko, Vassiliy and Wolynes, Peter G.},
	title = {Theory of Structural Glasses and Supercooled Liquids},
	journal = {Annual Review of Physical Chemistry},
	year = {2007},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392356},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.physchem.58.032806.104653},
	doi = {10.1146/annurev.physchem.58.032806.104653},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {235+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.physchem.58.032806.104653},
	volume = {58},
	pages = {235+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3196
@article{candelier0000building,

	author = {Candelier, R. and Dauchot, O. and Biroli, G.},
	title = {Building Blocks of Dynamical Heterogeneities in Dense Granular Media},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392355},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e088001},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {8},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e088001},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3197
@article{biroli0000inhomogeneous,

	author = {Biroli, Giulio and Bouchaud, Jean-Philippe and Miyazaki, Kunimasa and Reichman, David R.},
	title = {Inhomogeneous Mode-Coupling Theory and Growing Dynamic Length in Supercooled Liquids},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392354},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v97/e195701},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {19},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v97/e195701},
	volume = {97},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3198
@article{donati0000stringlike,

	author = {Donati, Claudio and Douglas, Jack F. and Kob, Walter and Plimpton, Steven J. and Poole, Peter H. and Glotzer, Sharon C.},
	title = {Stringlike Cooperative Motion in a Supercooled Liquid},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392353},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v80/p2338},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {11},
	old_pages = {2338+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v80/p2338},
	volume = {80},
	pages = {2338+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3199
@article{chaudhuri0000tracking,

	author = {Chaudhuri, Pinaki and Sastry, Srikanth and Kob, Walter},
	title = {Tracking Heterogeneous Dynamics During the alpha Relaxation of a Simple Glass Former},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392352},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v101/e190601},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {19},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v101/e190601},
	volume = {101},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3200
@article{geszti0000previtrification,

	author = {Geszti, T.},
	title = {Pre-vitrification by viscosity feedback},
	journal = {Journal of Physics C: Solid State Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {It is pointed out that the stress relaxation time that determines viscosity is partly controlled by the viscosity itself via diffusional structural relaxation. This feedback may make the viscosity of a simple liquid without localised defects diverge at some finite temperature. The feedback is mediated by atomic-scale-wavelength density fluctuations, being coupled to viscous flow on the one hand, with their relaxation being viscosity-controlled on the other hand.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392351},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {30},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {16},
	pages = {-5814},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3201
@article{ediger2000spatially,

	author = {Ediger, M. D.},
	title = {SPATIALLY HETEROGENEOUS DYNAMICS IN SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS},
	journal = {Annual Review of Physical Chemistry},
	year = {2000},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392350},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.physchem.51.1.99},
	doi = {10.1146/annurev.physchem.51.1.99},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {99+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.physchem.51.1.99},
	volume = {51},
	pages = {99+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3202
@article{shinbrot2001noise,

	author = {Shinbrot, Troy and Muzzio, Fernando J.},
	title = {Noise to order},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {2001},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392349},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35065689},
	comment = {10.1038/35065689},
	doi = {10.1038/35065689},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6825},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35065689},
	volume = {410},
	pages = {-258},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3203
@article{debenedetti2001supercooled,

	author = {Debenedetti, Pablo G. and Stillinger, Frank H.},
	title = {Supercooled liquids and the glass transition},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {2001},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392348},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35065704},
	comment = {10.1038/35065704},
	doi = {10.1038/35065704},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6825},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35065704},
	volume = {410},
	pages = {-267},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3204
@article{gotze0000relaxation,

	author = {Gotze, W. and Sjogren, L.},
	title = {Relaxation processes in supercooled liquids},
	journal = {Reports on Progress in Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The characteristic features of alpha - and beta - relaxation in the supercooled state of nonnetwork forming liquids and polymers are reviewed. Particular emphasis is put on properties observed recently by neutron scattering and molecular dynamics studies within the mesoscopic time region. The data indicate the existence of a crossover temperature Tc, located above the calorimetric glass transition temperature Tg, where the transport properties change from those typical for a strongly coupled liquid to those characteristic for a glass. Near Tc the alpha -process is specified by Debye-Waller factor anomalies, power law divergences of the relaxation scale and a crossover from alpha -scale universality to decoupling of the various relaxation processes. The beta -process is characterized by a complete absence of correlations between spatial and temporal motion and unconventional scaling laws. There appear two fractal time decay processes and two divergent time scales if the cross over temperature is approached. The results of the mode coupling theory for the supercooled liquid dynamics are reviewed and shown to give a unified and partly quantitative description of the Tc anomalies.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392347},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {55},
	pages = {-376},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3205
@article{pomeau1975time,

	author = {Pomeau, Y. and R\'{e}sibois, P.},
	title = {Time dependent correlation functions and mode-mode coupling theories},
	journal = {Physics Reports},
	year = {1975},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392346},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-1573(75)90019-8},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVP-46SPHYR-D1/2/cf204cc614b2cd016a29c8e032b9b5f0},
	doi = {10.1016/0370-1573(75)90019-8},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVP-46SPHYR-D1/2/cf204cc614b2cd016a29c8e032b9b5f0},
	volume = {19},
	pages = {-139},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3206
@article{otsuki0000universal,

	author = {Otsuki, Michio and Hayakawa, Hisao},
	title = {Universal Scaling for the Jamming Transition},
	journal = {Progress of Theoretical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392345},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://ptp.ipap.jp/link?PTP/121/647/},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://ptp.ipap.jp/link?PTP/121/647/},
	volume = {121},
	pages = {Progress of Theoretical Physics--655},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3207
@article{porubov0000approaches,

	author = {Porubov, A. V. and Aero, E. L. and Maugin, G. A.},
	title = {Two approaches to study essentially nonlinear and dispersive properties of the internal structure of materials},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392344},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e046608},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, compression, elasticity, jin, nonlinearity, soliton, strength, suns, tensile, wave},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e046608},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {APS---12},

	keywords = {
		compression,
		elasticity,
		jin,
		nonlinearity,
		soliton,
		strength,
		suns,
		tensile,
		wave,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3208
@article{speck0000extended,

	author = {Speck, Thomas and Seifert, Udo},
	title = {Extended fluctuation-dissipation theorem for soft matter in stationary flow},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392343},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e040102},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, colloid, fluctuation, jin, polymer, suns, suspension},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e040102},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		colloid,
		fluctuation,
		jin,
		polymer,
		suns,
		suspension,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3209
@article{shaebani0000unjamming,

	author = {Shaebani, M. Reza and Unger, Tamas and Kertesz, Janos},
	title = {Unjamming of granular packings due to local perturbations: Stability and decay of displacements},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392342},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e030301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, compaction, disc, flow, friction, granular, jin, material, mechanics, structure, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e030301},
	volume = {76},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		compaction,
		disc,
		flow,
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		mechanics,
		structure,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3210
@article{ostojic0000universal,

	author = {Ostojic, Srdjan and Vlugt, Thijs J. H. and Nienhuis, Bernard},
	title = {Universal anisotropy in force networks under shear},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392341},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e030301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, contact, formation, jin, mechanics, pattern, stress, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e030301},
	volume = {75},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		contact,
		formation,
		jin,
		mechanics,
		pattern,
		stress,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3211
@article{ostojic0000elasticity,

	author = {Ostojic, Srdjan and Panja, Debabrata},
	title = {Elasticity from the Force Network Ensemble in Granular Media},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392340},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v97/e208001},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {20},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v97/e208001},
	volume = {97},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3212
@article{karmakar0000growing,

	author = {Karmakar, Smarajit and Dasgupta, Chandan and Sastry, Srikanth},
	title = {Growing length and time scales in glass-forming liquids},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The glass transition, whereby liquids transform into amorphous solids at low temperatures, is a subject of intense research despite decades of investigation. Explaining the enormous increase in relaxation times of a liquid upon supercooling is essential for understanding the glass transition. Although many theories, such as the Adam--Gibbs theory, have sought to relate growing relaxation times to length scales associated with spatial correlations in liquid structure or motion of molecules, the role of length scales in glassy dynamics is not well established. Recent studies of spatially correlated rearrangements of molecules leading to structural relaxation, termed ``spatially heterogeneous dynamics,''provide fresh impetus in this direction. A powerful approach to extract length scales in critical phenomena is finite-size scaling, wherein a system is studied for sizes traversing the length scales of interest. We perform finite-size scaling for a realistic glass-former, using computer simulations, to evaluate the length scale associated with spatially heterogeneous dynamics, which grows as temperature decreases. However, relaxation times that also grow with decreasing temperature do not exhibit standard finite-size scaling with this length. We show that relaxation times are instead determined, for all studied system sizes and temperatures, by configurational entropy, in accordance with the Adam--Gibbs relation, but in disagreement with theoretical expectations based on spin-glass models that configurational entropy is not relevant at temperatures substantially above the critical temperature of mode-coupling theory. Our results provide new insights into the dynamics of glass-forming liquids and pose serious challenges to existing theoretical descriptions.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392339},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.pnas.org/content/106/10/3675.abstract},
	comment = {10.1073/pnas.0811082106},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {10},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.pnas.org/content/106/10/3675.abstract},
	volume = {106},
	pages = {-3679},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3213
@article{bhattacharyya0000facilitation,

	author = {Bhattacharyya, Sarika M. and Bagchi, Biman and Wolynes, Peter G.},
	title = {Facilitation, complexity growth, mode coupling, and activated dynamics in supercooled liquids},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In low-temperature-supercooled liquids, below the ideal mode-coupling theory transition temperature, hopping and continuous diffusion are seen to coexist. Here, we present a theory that shows explicitly the interplay between the two processes and shows that activated hopping facilitates continuous diffusion in the otherwise frozen liquid. Several universal features arise from nonlinear interactions between the continuous diffusive dynamics described here by the mode coupling theory (MCT)\\$]\\$ and the activated hopping (described here by the random first-order transition theory). We apply the theory to a specific system, Salol, to show that the theory correctly predicts the temperature dependence of the nonexponential stretching parameter, β, and the primary αrelaxation timescale, τ. The study explains why, even below the mean field ergodic to nonergodic transition, the dynamics is well described by MCT. The nonlinear coupling between the two dynamical processes modifies the relaxation behavior of the structural relaxation from what would be predicted by a theory with a complete static Gaussian barrier distribution in a manner that may be described as a facilitation effect. Furthermore, the theory correctly predicts the observed variation of the stretching exponent βwith the fragility parameter, . These two predictions also allow the complexity growth to be predicted, in good agreement with the results of Capaccioli \\$[\\$Capaccioli S, Ruocco G, Zamponi F (2008) 112:10652-10658\\$]\\$.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392338},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.pnas.org/content/105/42/16077.abstract},
	comment = {10.1073/pnas.0808375105},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {42},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.pnas.org/content/105/42/16077.abstract},
	volume = {105},
	pages = {-16082},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3214
@article{zondervan0000soft,

	author = {Zondervan, Rob and Xia, Ted and van der Meer, Harmen and Storm, Cornelis and Kulzer, Florian and van Saarloos, Wim and Orrit, Michel},
	title = {Soft glassy rheology of supercooled molecular liquids},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We probe the mechanical response of two supercooled liquids, glycerol and -terphenyl, by conducting rheological experiments at very weak stresses. We find a complex fluid behavior suggesting the gradual emergence of an extended, delicate solid-like network in both materials in the supercooled state---i.e., above the glass transition. This network stiffens as it ages, and very early in this process it already extends over macroscopic distances, conferring all well known features of soft glassy rheology (yield-stress, shear thinning, aging) to the supercooled liquids. Such viscoelastic behavior of supercooled molecular glass formers is difficult to observe because the large stresses in conventional rheology can easily shear-melt the solid-like structure. The work presented here, combined with evidence for long-lived heterogeneity from previous single-molecule studies \\$[\\$Zondervan R, Kulzer F, Berkhout GCG, Orrit M (2007) Local viscosity of supercooled glycerol near probed by rotational diffusion of ensembles and single dye molecules. 104:12628--12633], has a profound impact on the understanding of the glass transition because it casts doubt on the widely accepted assumption of the preservation of ergodicity in the supercooled state.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392337},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.pnas.org/content/105/13/4993.abstract},
	comment = {10.1073/pnas.0710032105},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {13},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.pnas.org/content/105/13/4993.abstract},
	volume = {105},
	pages = {-4998},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3215
@article{berthier0000direct,

	author = {Berthier, L. and Biroli, G. and Bouchaud and Cipelletti, L. and Masri, D. El and L'Hote, D. and Ladieu, F. and Pierno, M.},
	title = {Direct Experimental Evidence of a Growing Length Scale Accompanying the Glass Transition},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Understanding glass formation is a challenge, because the existence of a true glass state, distinct from liquid and solid, remains elusive: Glasses are liquids that have become too viscous to flow. An old idea, as yet unproven experimentally, is that the dynamics becomes sluggish as the glass transition approaches, because increasingly larger regions of the material have to move simultaneously to allow flow. We introduce new multipoint dynamical susceptibilities to estimate quantitatively the size of these regions and provide direct experimental evidence that the glass formation of molecular liquids and colloidal suspensions is accompanied by growing dynamic correlation length scales.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392336},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/310/5755/1797},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1120714},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5755},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/310/5755/1797},
	volume = {310},
	pages = {-1800},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3216
@article{tanguy0000continuum,

	author = {Tanguy, A. and Wittmer, J. P. and Leonforte, F. and Barrat},
	title = {Continuum limit of amorphous elastic bodies: A finite-size study of low-frequency harmonic vibrations},
	journal = {Physical Review B},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392335},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRB/v66/e174205},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {17},
	old_pages = {174205+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:28},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRB/v66/e174205},
	volume = {66},
	pages = {174205+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3217
@article{esposito0000derivation,

	author = {Esposito, R. and Lebowitz, J. L. and Marra, R.},
	title = {On the derivation of hydrodynamics from the Boltzmann equation},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392334},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/11/2354/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boltzmann, hydrodynamics, jin, navierstokes, stochastic, suns},
	number = {8},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:28},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/11/2354/1},
	volume = {11},
	pages = {AIP---2366},

	keywords = {
		boltzmann,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		navier, stokes,
		stochastic,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3218
@article{hatano0000scaling,

	author = {Hatano, Takahiro},
	title = {Scaling Properties of Granular Rheology near the Jamming Transition},
	journal = {Journal of the Physical Society of Japan},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392333},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://jpsj.ipap.jp/link?JPSJ/77/123002/},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {12},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:28},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://jpsj.ipap.jp/link?JPSJ/77/123002/},
	volume = {77},
	pages = {The Physical Society of Japan+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3219
@article{ohta0000deformable,

	author = {Ohta, Takao and Ohkuma, Takahiro},
	title = {Deformable Self-Propelled Particles},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392332},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e154101},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {15},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:28},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e154101},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3220
@article{marcos0000separation,

	author = {Marcos and Fu, Henry C. and Powers, Thomas R. and Stocker, Roman},
	title = {Separation of Microscale Chiral Objects by Shear Flow},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392331},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e158103},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {15},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:28},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e158103},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3221
@article{tinsley0000emergence,

	author = {Tinsley, Mark R. and Taylor, Annette F. and Huang, Zhaoyang and Showalter, Kenneth},
	title = {Emergence of Collective Behavior in Groups of Excitable Catalyst-Loaded Particles: Spatiotemporal Dynamical Quorum Sensing},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392330},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e158301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {15},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:28},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e158301},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3222
@article{taylor0000dynamical,

	author = {Taylor, Annette F. and Tinsley, Mark R. and Wang, Fang and Huang, Zhaoyang and Showalter, Kenneth},
	title = {Dynamical Quorum Sensing and Synchronization in Large Populations of Chemical Oscillators},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Populations of certain unicellular organisms, such as suspensions of yeast in nutrient solutions, undergo transitions to coordinated activity with increasing cell density. The collective behavior is believed to arise through communication by chemical signaling via the extracellular solution. We studied large, heterogeneous populations of discrete chemical oscillators (\\$[\\$\\~\\$]\\$100,000) with well-defined kinetics to characterize two different types of density-dependent transitions to synchronized oscillatory behavior. For different chemical exchange rates between the oscillators and the surrounding solution, increasing oscillator density led to (i) the gradual synchronization of oscillatory activity, or (ii) the sudden "switching on" of synchronized oscillatory activity. We analyze the roles of oscillator density and exchange rate of signaling species in these transitions with a mathematical model of the interacting chemical oscillators.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392329},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/323/5914/614},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1166253},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5914},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:28},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/323/5914/614},
	volume = {323},
	pages = {-617},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3223
@article{bertin0000farfromequilibrium,

	author = {Bertin, Eric and Dauchot, Olivier},
	title = {Far-from-Equilibrium State in a Weakly Dissipative Model},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392328},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e160601},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {16},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:28},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e160601},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3224
@article{van0000arrest,

	author = {van Megen, W. and Martinez, V. A. and Bryant, G.},
	title = {Arrest of Flow and Emergence of Activated Processes at the Glass Transition of a Suspension of Particles with Hard Spherelike Interactions},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392327},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e168301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {16},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:28},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e168301},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3225
@article{chen0000structure,

	author = {Chen, Jeff Z. Y. and Liu, Yuan and Liang},
	title = {Structure of a Tubular Membrane Confining Spherical Particles},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392326},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e168103},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {16},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:28},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e168103},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3226
@article{mizuno0000highresolution,

	author = {Mizuno, Daisuke and Bacabac, Rommel and Tardin, Catherine and Head, David and Schmidt, Christoph F.},
	title = {High-Resolution Probing of Cellular Force Transmission},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392325},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e168102},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {16},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:28},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e168102},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3227
@article{drescher0000dancing,

	author = {Drescher, Knut and Leptos, Kyriacos C. and Tuval, Idan and Ishikawa, Takuji and Pedley, Timothy J. and Goldstein, Raymond E.},
	title = {Dancing Volvox: Hydrodynamic Bound States of Swimming Algae},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392324},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e168101},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {16},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:28},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e168101},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3228
@article{hynninen0000simulations,

	author = {Hynninen, Antti-Pekka and Panagiotopoulos, Athanassios Z.},
	title = {Simulations of phase transitions and free energies for ionic systems},
	journal = {Molecular Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392323},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.informaworld.com/10.1080/00268970802112160},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {16},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:28},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.informaworld.com/10.1080/00268970802112160},
	volume = {106},
	pages = {Taylor \& Francis---2051},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3229
@article{grabowski0000initio,

	author = {Grabowski, B. and Ismer, L. and Hickel, T. and Neugebauer, J.},
	title = {Ab initio up to the melting point: Anharmonicity and vacancies in aluminum},
	journal = {Physical Review B (Condensed Matter and Materials Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392322},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRB/v79/e134106},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, aluminum, crystal, density, energy, expansion, heat, jin, melt, point, suns, surface, thermal, vacancy},
	number = {13},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:28},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRB/v79/e134106},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {APS---16},

	keywords = {
		aluminum,
		crystal,
		density,
		energy,
		expansion,
		heat,
		jin,
		melt,
		point,
		suns,
		surface,
		thermal,
		vacancy,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3230
@article{manghi0000hydrodynamic,

	author = {Manghi, Manoel and Schlagberger, Xaver and Kim, Yong-Woon and Netz, Roland R.},
	title = {Hydrodynamic effects in driven soft matter},
	journal = {Soft Matter},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392321},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {653--668},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:28},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 3231
@article{biller0000consistently,

	author = {Biller, Peter and Ottinger, Hans C. and Petruccione, Francesco},
	title = {Consistently averaged hydrodynamic interaction for dumbbell models in elongational flow},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392320},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/85/1672/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, fluid, hydrodynamics, interaction, jin, polymer, suns, viscosity},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:28},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/85/1672/1},
	volume = {85},
	pages = {AIP---1675},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		fluid,
		hydrodynamics,
		interaction,
		jin,
		polymer,
		suns,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3232
@article{ottinger0000consistently_1,

	author = {Ottinger, Hans C.},
	title = {Consistently averaged hydrodynamic interaction for Rouse dumbbells. Series expansions},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392319},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/84/4068/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, expansion, flow, hydrodynamics, jin, polymer, shear, suns, viscosity},
	number = {7},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:28},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/84/4068/1},
	volume = {84},
	pages = {AIP---4073},

	keywords = {
		expansion,
		flow,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		polymer,
		shear,
		suns,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3233
@article{ottinger0000consistently_2,

	author = {Ottinger, Hans C.},
	title = {Consistently averaged hydrodynamic interaction for Rouse dumbbells in steady shear flow},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392318},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/83/6535/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, hydrodynamics, jin, polymer, shear, suns},
	number = {12},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:28},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/83/6535/1},
	volume = {83},
	pages = {AIP---6536},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		polymer,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3234
@article{ottinger0000gaussian,

	author = {Ottinger, Hans C.},
	title = {Gaussian approximation for Rouse chains with hydrodynamic interaction},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392317},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/90/463/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, chain, distribution, flow, hydrodynamics, jin, liquid, polymer, shear, structure, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:27},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/90/463/1},
	volume = {90},
	pages = {AIP---473},

	keywords = {
		chain,
		distribution,
		flow,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		liquid,
		polymer,
		shear,
		structure,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3235
@article{ottinger0000consistently_3,

	author = {Ottinger, Hans C.},
	title = {Consistently averaged hydrodynamic interaction for Rouse dumbbells: The rheological equation of state},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392316},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/85/1669/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, fluid, hydrodynamics, jin, polymer, rheology, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:27},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/85/1669/1},
	volume = {85},
	pages = {AIP---1671},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		fluid,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		polymer,
		rheology,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3236
@article{garcia1977hydrodynamic,

	author = {Garcia De La Torre, Jose and Bloomfield, Victor A.},
	title = {Hydrodynamic properties of macromolecular complexes. I. Translation},
	journal = {Biopolymers},
	year = {1977},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392315},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1977.360160811},
	doi = {10.1002/bip.1977.360160811},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {8},
	old_pages = {1763},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:27},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1977.360160811},
	volume = {16},
	pages = {1763},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3237
@article{jones1988mobility,

	author = {Jones, R. B. and Schmitz, R.},
	title = {Mobility matrix for arbitrary spherical particles in solution},
	journal = {Physica A: Statistical and Theoretical Physics},
	year = {1988},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392314},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4371(88)90111-2},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-46BY1G2-1/2/e3b60d569a4770954e6c11bd61df46ff},
	doi = {10.1016/0378-4371(88)90111-2},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:27},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-46BY1G2-1/2/e3b60d569a4770954e6c11bd61df46ff},
	volume = {149},
	pages = {-394},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3238
@article{jeffrey2006calculation,

	author = {Jeffrey, D. J. and Onishi, Y.},
	title = {Calculation of the resistance and mobility functions for two unequal rigid spheres in low-Reynolds-number flow},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics Digital Archive},
	year = {2006},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392313},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022112084000355},
	doi = {10.1017/S0022112084000355},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:27},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022112084000355},
	volume = {139},
	pages = {-290},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3239
@article{knudsen2008failure,

	author = {Knudsen, H. and Werth, J. and Wolf, D.},
	title = {Failure and success of hydrodynamic interaction models},
	journal = {The European Physical Journal E: Soft Matter and Biological Physics},
	year = {2008},

	abstract = {Abstract.\~{}\\~{}In suspensions with charged particles, electrostatic forces and hydrodynamic interactions are both important to describe the system. We study different models of hydrodynamic interaction for monopolarly charged particles in a non-polar liquid. In this case, there is no screening of the Coulomb repulsion, so the repulsion between all pairs must be taken into account. The particles are expected to drift away from each other, however at a lower rate when hydrodynamic interaction between the particles is taken into account. Existing, frequently used models of hydrodynamic interactions tend to overestimate the slowing down of the charged particles, even to the extent that the particles effectively attract each other. This is demonstrated for some selected particle setups. We find that these anomalies even occur in dilute systems, if they contain sufficiently many particles. We explain why these anomalies can be avoided by an approach, in which the superposition of interactions is done in the friction tensor instead of the mobility tensor.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392312},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epje/i2008-10368-5},
	doi = {10.1140/epje/i2008-10368-5},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:27},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epje/i2008-10368-5},
	volume = {27},
	pages = {-170},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3240
@article{dickinson0000brownian,

	author = {Dickinson, Eric and Allison, Stuart A. and McCammon},
	title = {Brownian dynamics with rotation--translation coupling},
	journal = {Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 2: Molecular and Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392311},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {591 -- 601},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:27},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {81},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 3241
@article{dalakoglou0000shearinduced,

	author = {Dalakoglou, G. K. and Karatasos, K. and Lyulin, S. V. and Lyulin, A. V.},
	title = {Shear-induced effects in hyperbranched-linear polyelectrolyte complexes},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392310},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/129/034901/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, brownian, electrolyte, flow, jin, motion, polymer, shear, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:27},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/129/034901/1},
	volume = {129},
	pages = {AIP---12},

	keywords = {
		brownian,
		electrolyte,
		flow,
		jin,
		motion,
		polymer,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3242
@article{watari0000fluidic,

	author = {Watari, Nobuhiko and Doi, Masao and Larson, Ronald G.},
	title = {Fluidic trapping of deformable polymers in microflows},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392309},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e011801},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, brownian, electrophoresis, flow, jin, microchannel, molecule, motion, osmosis, polymer, suns, vortex},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:27},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e011801},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {APS---6},

	keywords = {
		brownian,
		electrophoresis,
		flow,
		jin,
		microchannel,
		molecule,
		motion,
		osmosis,
		polymer,
		suns,
		vortex,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3243
@article{joung2008influence,

	author = {Joung, C. and See, H.},
	title = {The influence of wall interaction on dynamic particle modelling of magneto-rheological suspensions between shearing plates},
	journal = {Rheologica Acta},
	year = {2008},

	abstract = {Abstract\~{}\\~{}We report on the modelling of a magneto-rheological (MR) suspension bound between shearing parallel plates using a particle-level numerical simulation. The simulation is similar to an approach used previously but includes particle hydrodynamic interaction using elements of the Stokesian-dynamic method. Observations of initially chain-like aggregations are reported, and the evolving morphology of suspension particle clusters is explored. Our early-strain observations concur with the prevailing ideas of experimentalists on the important role that the microstructure has on bulk viscosity. We then study in particular the effects of simulation size and strain on viscosity. While initial viscous response is similar to previously reported observations in the literature, when left to run for longer strains, suspensions evolved into markedly different microstructures from those observed experimentally, or in electro-rheological suspensions, or MR simulations with artificial wall interaction. Substantial qualitative and quantitative divergence was observed over long strains. We argue that this divergence is due to the lack of a particle--wall interaction model for MR fluids. While current theories in MR modelling do not justify the requirement for a particle--wall interaction, these results suggest that one is required in order to match experimental observations.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392308},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00397-008-0282-3},
	doi = {10.1007/s00397-008-0282-3},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {8},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:27},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00397-008-0282-3},
	volume = {47},
	pages = {-927},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3244
@article{szymczak0000proteins,

	author = {Szymczak, P. and Cieplak, Marek},
	title = {Proteins in a shear flow},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392307},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/127/155106/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, brownian, flow, jin, metastability, motion, protein, shear, suns},
	number = {15},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:27},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/127/155106/1},
	volume = {127},
	pages = {AIP---7},

	keywords = {
		brownian,
		flow,
		jin,
		metastability,
		motion,
		protein,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3245
@article{almusallam0000brownian,

	author = {Almusallam, Abdulwahab S. and Sholl, David S.},
	title = {Brownian dynamics study of polymer-stabilized nanoparticles},
	journal = {Nanotechnology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A Brownian dynamics simulation was carried out for a spherical nanoparticle with polymer chains tethered to its surface. These simulations are relevant to understanding the transport properties of polymer-stabilized nanoparticles in environmental and other applications. Hydrodynamic interactions (HI) were taken into account to properly describe the diffusion properties of a stabilized particle. HI are important in this context because of the close proximity of the surface-tethered polymer chains. HI were implemented using a method introduced by Fixman (1986 Macromolecules 19 1204), which uses a Chebyshev polynomial expansion to calculate the square root of the diffusion tensor. Simulation predictions were compared to published experimental data for the hydrodynamic radius of a silica particle stabilized by polystyrene tethered chains, and good agreement was achieved. A relationship that allows polymer-stabilized particles with arbitrary polymer-chain densities to be modelled is developed.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392306},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {7},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:27},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {16},
	pages = {-S415},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3246
@article{zylka0000gaussian,

	author = {Zylka, Waldemar},
	title = {Gaussian approximation and Brownian dynamics simulations for Rouse chains with hydrodynamic interaction undergoing simple shear flow},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392305},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/94/4628/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, brownian, flow, fluctuation, hydrodynamics, jin, liquid, model, molecule, motion, polymer, rheology, shear, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:27},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/94/4628/1},
	volume = {94},
	pages = {AIP---4636},

	keywords = {
		brownian,
		flow,
		fluctuation,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		liquid,
		model,
		molecule,
		motion,
		polymer,
		rheology,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3247
@article{cichocki0000stokes,

	author = {Cichocki, B. and Hinsen, K.},
	title = {Stokes drag on conglomerates of spheres},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392304},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/7/285/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, conglomerate, drag, flow, hydrodynamics, incompressible, jin, multiphase, numeric, sphere, suns, suspension, viscosity},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:27},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/7/285/1},
	volume = {7},
	pages = {AIP---291},

	keywords = {
		conglomerate,
		drag,
		flow,
		hydrodynamics,
		incompressible,
		jin,
		multiphase,
		numeric,
		sphere,
		suns,
		suspension,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3248
@article{de0000consistently,

	author = {de Haro, M. Lopez and Rubi, J. M.},
	title = {Consistently averaged hydrodynamic interaction beyond the Oseen approximation for Rouse--Zimm--Bueche dumbbells in steady shear flow},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392303},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/88/1248/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, hydrodynamics, jin, polymer, rheology, shear, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:27},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/88/1248/1},
	volume = {88},
	pages = {AIP---1252},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		polymer,
		rheology,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3249
@article{cichocki0000friction,

	author = {Cichocki, B. and Felderhof, B. U. and Hinsen, K. and Wajnryb, E. and Blawzdziewicz, J.},
	title = {Friction and mobility of many spheres in Stokes flow},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392302},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/100/3780/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, friction, hydrodynamics, jin, numeric, sphere, stokes, suns, viscosity},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:27},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/100/3780/1},
	volume = {100},
	pages = {AIP---3790},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		friction,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		numeric,
		sphere,
		stokes,
		suns,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3250
@article{carrasco0000improved,

	author = {Carrasco, B. and de la Torre, J. Garcia},
	title = {Improved hydrodynamic interaction in macromolecular bead models},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392301},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/111/4817/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, hydrodynamics, jin, macromolecule, suns},
	number = {10},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:27},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/111/4817/1},
	volume = {111},
	pages = {AIP---4826},

	keywords = {
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		macromolecule,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3251
@article{tseng0000translation,

	author = {Tseng, Chin-Yao and Tsao, Heng-Kwong and Chen, Shing B.},
	title = {Translation Drag Coefficient of a Self-Similar Assembly of Spheres Immersed in an Incompressible Fluid},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392300},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v86/p5494},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {24},
	old_pages = {5494+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v86/p5494},
	volume = {86},
	pages = {5494+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3252
@article{pyun0000intrinsic,

	author = {Pyun, Chong W. and Fixman, Marshall},
	title = {Intrinsic Viscosity of Polymer Chains},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392299},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/42/3838/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {11},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/42/3838/1},
	volume = {42},
	pages = {AIP---3844},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3253
@article{rotne0000variational,

	author = {Rotne, Jens and Prager, Stephen},
	title = {Variational Treatment of Hydrodynamic Interaction in Polymers},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392298},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/50/4831/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {11},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/50/4831/1},
	volume = {50},
	pages = {AIP---4837},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3254
@article{yamakawa0000transport,

	author = {Yamakawa, Hiromi},
	title = {Transport Properties of Polymer Chains in Dilute Solution: Hydrodynamic Interaction},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392297},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/53/436/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/53/436/1},
	volume = {53},
	pages = {AIP---443},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3255
@article{kirkwood0000intrinsic,

	author = {Kirkwood, John G. and Riseman, Jacob},
	title = {The Intrinsic Viscosities and Diffusion Constants of Flexible Macromolecules in Solution},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392296},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/16/565/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/16/565/1},
	volume = {16},
	pages = {AIP---573},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3256
@article{mittal2005immersed,

	author = {Mittal, Rajat and Iaccarino, Gianluca},
	title = {IMMERSED BOUNDARY METHODS},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2005},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392294},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.37.061903.175743},
	doi = {10.1146/annurev.fluid.37.061903.175743},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {239+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.37.061903.175743},
	volume = {37},
	pages = {239+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3257
@article{popel2005microcirculation,

	author = {Popel, Aleksander S. and Johnson, Paul C.},
	title = {MICROCIRCULATION AND HEMORHEOLOGY},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2005},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392293},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.37.042604.133933},
	doi = {10.1146/annurev.fluid.37.042604.133933},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {43+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.37.042604.133933},
	volume = {37},
	pages = {43+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3258
@article{coussios2008applications,

	author = {Coussios, Constantin C. and Roy, Ronald A.},
	title = {Applications of Acoustics and Cavitation to Noninvasive Therapy and Drug Delivery},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2008},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392292},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.40.111406.102116},
	doi = {10.1146/annurev.fluid.40.111406.102116},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {395+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.40.111406.102116},
	volume = {40},
	pages = {395+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3259
@article{feltham2008rheology,

	author = {Feltham, Daniel L.},
	title = {Sea Ice Rheology},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2008},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392291},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.40.111406.102151},
	doi = {10.1146/annurev.fluid.40.111406.102151},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {91+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.40.111406.102151},
	volume = {40},
	pages = {91+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3260
@article{van2008numerical_2,

	author = {van der Hoef, M. A. and van Sint Annaland, M. and Deen, N. G. and Kuipers, J. A. M.},
	title = {Numerical Simulation of Dense Gas-Solid Fluidized Beds: A Multiscale Modeling Strategy},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2008},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392290},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.40.111406.102130},
	doi = {10.1146/annurev.fluid.40.111406.102130},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {47+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.40.111406.102130},
	volume = {40},
	pages = {47+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3261
@article{forterre2008flows,

	author = {Forterre, Yo\"{e}l and Pouliquen, Olivier},
	title = {Flows of Dense Granular Media},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2008},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392289},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.40.111406.102142},
	doi = {10.1146/annurev.fluid.40.111406.102142},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {1+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.40.111406.102142},
	volume = {40},
	pages = {1+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3262
@article{najm2009uncertainty,

	author = {Najm, Habib N.},
	title = {Uncertainty Quantification and Polynomial Chaos Techniques in Computational Fluid Dynamics},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392288},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.010908.165248},
	doi = {10.1146/annurev.fluid.010908.165248},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {35+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.010908.165248},
	volume = {41},
	pages = {35+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3263
@article{webster2009hydrodynamics,

	author = {Webster, D. R. and Weissburg, M. J.},
	title = {The Hydrodynamics of Chemical Cues Among Aquatic Organisms},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392287},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.010908.165240},
	doi = {10.1146/annurev.fluid.010908.165240},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {73+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.010908.165240},
	volume = {41},
	pages = {73+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3264
@article{james2009boger,

	author = {James, David F.},
	title = {Boger Fluids},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392286},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.010908.165125},
	doi = {10.1146/annurev.fluid.010908.165125},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {129+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.010908.165125},
	volume = {41},
	pages = {129+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3265
@article{de2009morphodynamics,

	author = {de Swart, H. E. and Zimmerman, J. T. F.},
	title = {Morphodynamics of Tidal Inlet Systems},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392285},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.010908.165159},
	doi = {10.1146/annurev.fluid.010908.165159},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {203+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.010908.165159},
	volume = {41},
	pages = {203+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3266
@article{mofrad2009rheology,

	author = {Mofrad, Mohammad R. K.},
	title = {Rheology of the Cytoskeleton},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392284},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.010908.165236},
	doi = {10.1146/annurev.fluid.010908.165236},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {433+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.010908.165236},
	volume = {41},
	pages = {433+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3267
@article{xu2009hierarchical,

	author = {Xu, Zhiping and Buehler, Markus J.},
	title = {Hierarchical Nanostructures Are Crucial To Mitigate Ultrasmall Thermal Point Loads},
	journal = {Nano Letters},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392283},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl900399b},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/nl900399b},
	comment = {doi: 10.1021/nl900399b},
	doi = {10.1021/nl900399b},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl900399b},
	volume = {9},
	pages = {-},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3268
@article{yang0000cooperation,

	author = {Yang, Yingzi and Elgeti, Jens and Gompper, Gerhard},
	title = {Cooperation of sperm in two dimensions: Synchronization, attraction, and aggregation through hydrodynamic interactions},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392282},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e061903},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, aggregation, biology, biophysics, cell, dynamics, fluid, hydrodynamics, jin, suns, synchronisation},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e061903},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {APS---9},

	keywords = {
		aggregation,
		biology,
		biophysics,
		cell,
		dynamics,
		fluid,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		suns,
		synchronisation,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3269
@article{leggett0000dynamics,

	author = {Leggett, A. J. and Chakravarty, S. and Dorsey, A. T. and Fisher, Matthew P. A. and Garg, Anupam and Zwerger, W.},
	title = {Dynamics of the dissipative two-state system},
	journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392279},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v59/p1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {1+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v59/p1},
	volume = {59},
	pages = {1+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3270
@article{alvermann0000sparse,

	author = {Alvermann, A. and Fehske, H.},
	title = {Sparse Polynomial Space Approach to Dissipative Quantum Systems: Application to the Sub-Ohmic Spin-Boson Model},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392278},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e150601},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {15},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e150601},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3271
@article{nielsen0000coarse,

	author = {Nielsen, Steve O. and Lopez, Carlos F. and Srinivas, Goundla and Klein, Michael L.},
	title = {Coarse grain models and the computer simulation of soft materials},
	journal = {Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This article presents a topical review of coarse grain simulation techniques. First, we motivate these techniques with illustrative examples from biology and materials science. Next, approaches in the literature for increasing the efficiency of atomistic simulations are mentioned. Considerations related to a specific coarse grain modelling approach are discussed at length, and the consequences arising from the loss of detail are given. Finally, a large number of results are presented to give the reader a feeling for the types of problem which can be addressed.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392277},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {15},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:26},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {16},
	pages = {-R512},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3272
@article{tabuteau0000microscopic,

	author = {Tabuteau, H. and Mora, S. and Porte, G. and Abkarian, M. and Ligoure, C.},
	title = {Microscopic Mechanisms of the Brittleness of Viscoelastic Fluids},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392276},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e155501},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {15},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e155501},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3273
@article{kondic0000probing,

	author = {Kondic, L. and Dybenko, O. M. and Behringer, R. P.},
	title = {Probing dense granular materials by space-time dependent perturbations},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392275},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e041304},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, damping, elasticity, fourier, granular, jin, material, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e041304},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {APS---5},

	keywords = {
		damping,
		elasticity,
		fourier,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3274
@article{utter0000experimental,

	author = {Utter, Brian and Behringer, R. P.},
	title = {Experimental Measures of Affine and Nonaffine Deformation in Granular Shear},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392274},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v100/e208302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {20},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v100/e208302},
	volume = {100},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3275
@article{tao2009selfpropelled,

	author = {Tao, Yu-Guo and Kapral, Raymond},
	title = {Self-Propelled Polymer Nanomotors},
	journal = {ChemPhysChem},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392273},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cphc.200800829},
	doi = {10.1002/cphc.200800829},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	old_pages = {773},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cphc.200800829},
	volume = {10},
	pages = {773},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3276
@article{cressman0000mesoscale,

	author = {Cressman, Andrew and Togashi, Yuichi and Mikhailov, Alexander S. and Kapral, Raymond},
	title = {Mesoscale modeling of molecular machines: Cyclic dynamics and hydrodynamical fluctuations},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392272},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e050901},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, biochemical, biophysics, dissociation, jin, molecule, protein, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e050901},
	volume = {77},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		biochemical,
		biophysics,
		dissociation,
		jin,
		molecule,
		protein,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3277
@article{tao0000design,

	author = {Tao, Yu-Guo and Kapral, Raymond},
	title = {Design of chemically propelled nanodimer motors},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392271},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/128/164518/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, catalyst, chemical, jin, kinetics, nanoparticle, nanotechnology, potential, reaction, suns},
	number = {16},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/128/164518/1},
	volume = {128},
	pages = {AIP---8},

	keywords = {
		catalyst,
		chemical,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		nanoparticle,
		nanotechnology,
		potential,
		reaction,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3278
@article{winkler0000stress,

	author = {Winkler, Roland G. and Huang, Chien-Cheng},
	title = {Stress tensors of multiparticle collision dynamics fluids},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392270},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/130/074907/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, internal, jin, shear, stress, suns},
	number = {7},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/130/074907/1},
	volume = {130},
	pages = {AIP---9},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		internal,
		jin,
		shear,
		stress,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3279
@article{murtola0000multiscale,

	author = {Murtola, Teemu and Bunker, Alex and Vattulainen, Ilpo and Deserno, Markus and Karttunen, Mikko},
	title = {Multiscale modeling of emergent materials: biological and soft matter},
	journal = {Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392269},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:25},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {11},
	pages = {-1892},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3280
@article{malevanets0000solute,

	author = {Malevanets, Anatoly and Kapral, Raymond},
	title = {Solute molecular dynamics in a mesoscale solvent},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392268},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/112/7260/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, brownian, colloid, dynamics, jin, liquid, molecule, motion, suns, suspension},
	number = {16},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/112/7260/1},
	volume = {112},
	pages = {AIP---7269},

	keywords = {
		brownian,
		colloid,
		dynamics,
		jin,
		liquid,
		molecule,
		motion,
		suns,
		suspension,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3281
@article{malevanets0000continuousvelocity,

	author = {Malevanets, A. and Kapral, R.},
	title = {Continuous-velocity lattice-gas model for fluid flow},
	journal = {EPL (Europhysics Letters)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A continuous-velocity lattice-gas model for fluid dynamics computations is constructed. The model combines a stochastic propagation scheme with a multi-particle collision rule that conserves mass, momentum and energy. It is demonstrated that the particle velocities have a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution at equilibrium. A Chapman-Enskog analysis leads to the Navier-Stokes equation. Simulations support the results of the theoretical analysis and demonstrate that the model reproduces the observed behavior of flows for various values of the Reynolds number. The model also provides a means to investigate the statistical mechanical basis of macroscopic laws.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392267},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:25},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {44},
	pages = {-558},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3282
@article{reid0000flow,

	author = {Reid, Daniel A. P. and Hildenbrandt, H. and Padding, J. T. and Hemelrijk, C. K.},
	title = {Flow around fishlike shapes studied using multiparticle collision dynamics},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392266},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e046313},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, hydrodynamics, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e046313},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {APS---7},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3283
@article{kuninaka0000simulation,

	author = {Kuninaka, Hiroto and Hayakawa, Hisao},
	title = {Simulation of cohesive head-on collisions of thermally activated nanoclusters},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392265},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e031309},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, carbon, collision, dynamics, jin, material, molecule, nanostructure, phase, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e031309},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {APS---9},

	keywords = {
		carbon,
		collision,
		dynamics,
		jin,
		material,
		molecule,
		nanostructure,
		phase,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3284
@article{sitharam2009critical,

	author = {Sitharam, T. and Vinod, J.},
	title = {Critical state behaviour of granular materials from isotropic and rebounded paths: DEM simulations},
	journal = {Granular Matter},
	year = {2009},

	abstract = {Abstract\~{}\\~{}This paper presents the results of numerical simulations using the three-dimensional discrete element method (DEM) on the critical state behaviour of isotropically compressed and rebounded assemblies of granular materials. Drained and undrained (constant volume) numerical simulations were carried out. From these numerical simulations of drained and undrained tests, it has been shown that the steady state is same as the critical state. Critical state for both isotropically compressed and rebounded assemblies form unique curved line that can be approximated by a bilinear line as proposed by Been et al. [G\'{e}otechnique 41(3): 365--381, 1991]. Further more, evolution of the internal variables such as average coordination number and induced anisotropy coefficients during shear deformation has been studied.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392263},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10035-008-0113-3},
	doi = {10.1007/s10035-008-0113-3},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10035-008-0113-3},
	volume = {11},
	pages = {-42},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3285
@article{wang1969representations,

	author = {Wang, C. C.},
	title = {On representations for isotropic functions},
	journal = {Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis},
	year = {1969},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392262},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00281278},
	doi = {10.1007/BF00281278},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00281278},
	volume = {33},
	pages = {-267},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3286
@article{aditi0000hydrodynamic,

	author = {Aditi Simha, R. and Ramaswamy, Sriram},
	title = {Hydrodynamic Fluctuations and Instabilities in Ordered Suspensions of Self-Propelled Particles},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392261},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v89/e058101},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	old_pages = {058101+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v89/e058101},
	volume = {89},
	pages = {058101+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3287
@article{simha2002statistical,

	author = {Simha, R. Aditi and Ramaswamy, Sriram},
	title = {Statistical hydrodynamics of ordered suspensions of self-propelled particles: waves, giant number fluctuations and instabilities},
	journal = {Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications},
	year = {2002},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392260},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4371(02)00503-4},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-455VPDC-4/2/03314d6530bcdc0db713297e493995b8},
	doi = {10.1016/S0378-4371(02)00503-4},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-455VPDC-4/2/03314d6530bcdc0db713297e493995b8},
	volume = {306},
	pages = {-269},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3288
@article{pedley1992hydrodynamic,

	author = {Pedley, T. J. and Kessler, J. O.},
	title = {Hydrodynamic Phenomena in Suspensions of Swimming Microorganisms},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {1992},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392259},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.24.010192.001525},
	doi = {10.1146/annurev.fl.24.010192.001525},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {313+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.24.010192.001525},
	volume = {24},
	pages = {313+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3289
@article{grima1994comparison,

	author = {Grima, E. and Medina, A. and Gim\'{e}nez, A. and S\'{a}nchez P\'{e}rez, J. and Camacho, F. and Garc'{\i}a S\'{a}nchez, J.},
	title = {Comparison between extraction of lipids and fatty acids from microalgal biomass},
	journal = {Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society},
	year = {1994},

	abstract = {Abstract\~{}\\~{}Seven solvent mixtures have been used to extract the lipid fraction of lyophilized biomass ofIsochrysis galbana. Six of them were composed of biocompatible solvents. Each method was carried out under relaxed operating conditions (i.e., one hour at room temperature) with extraction in a nitrogen atmosphere to prevent autooxidation and degradation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Apart from the well-established Bligh and Dyer method [Can. J. Biochem. Physiol. 37:911 (1959)] (Cl3CH/MeOH/H2O, 1∶2∶0.8, vol/vol/vol), which rendered the highest yield of lipids (93.8\%), ethanol (96\%) and hexane/ethanol (96\%), 1∶2.5 vol/vol produced the best results (84.4 and 79.6\%, respectively). To obtain free fatty acids, KOH was added to the solvent mixtures used to extract the total lipids, except for Cl3CH/MeOH/H2O, and direct saponification was carried out at 60\\$\\,^\\circ\\$C for 1 h or at room temperature for 8 h. The highest yields obtained by direct saponicification were 81\% with hexane/ethanol (96\%), 1∶2.5, vol/vol and 79.8\% with ethanol (96\%). Partial yields of the mainn-3 PUFAs found inI. galbana, stearidonic acid (SA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), were calculated for both extraction methods. For lipid extraction with ethanol (96\%), yields of 91, 82 and 83\% were obtained for SA, EPA and DHA, respectively. When direct saponification was used, hexane/ethanol (96\%; 1∶2.5, vol/vol) produced the best yields of (91, 79 and 69\% for SA, EPA and DHA, respectively).},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392258},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02542261},
	doi = {10.1007/BF02542261},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {9},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02542261},
	volume = {71},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_UNMATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3290
@article{sangani2006simple,

	author = {Sangani, Ashok S. and Mo, Guobiao and Tsao, Heng-Kwong and Koch, Donald L.},
	title = {Simple shear flows of dense gas-solid suspensions at finite Stokes numbers},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics Digital Archive},
	year = {2006},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392257},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022112096002224},
	doi = {10.1017/S0022112096002224},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022112096002224},
	volume = {313},
	pages = {-341},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3291
@article{koch0000kinetic,

	author = {Koch, Donald L.},
	title = {Kinetic theory for a monodisperse gas--solid suspension},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids A: Fluid Dynamics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392256},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PFA/2/1711/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, elastomer, gas, jin, kinetics, motion, reynold, solid, stokes, suns, suspension, velocity, viscosity},
	number = {10},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PFA/2/1711/1},
	volume = {2},
	pages = {AIP---1723},

	keywords = {
		elastomer,
		gas,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		motion,
		reynold,
		solid,
		stokes,
		suns,
		suspension,
		velocity,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3292
@article{koch0000particle,

	author = {Koch, Donald L. and Sangani, Ashok S.},
	title = {Particle pressure and marginal stability limits for a homogeneous monodisperse gas-fluidized bed: kinetic theory and numerical simulations},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392255},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:25},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {400},
	pages = {-263},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3293
@article{saintillan0000instabilities,

	author = {Saintillan, David and Shelley, Michael J.},
	title = {Instabilities, pattern formation, and mixing in active suspensions},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392254},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/20/123304/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, biology, dynamics, flow, fluctuation, fluid, formation, instability, jin, microorganism, mixing, multiphase, nonlinearity, pattern, suns, suspension},
	number = {12},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/20/123304/1},
	volume = {20},
	pages = {AIP---16},

	keywords = {
		biology,
		dynamics,
		flow,
		fluctuation,
		fluid,
		formation,
		instability,
		jin,
		microorganism,
		mixing,
		multiphase,
		nonlinearity,
		pattern,
		suns,
		suspension,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3294
@article{antony0000role_1,

	author = {Antony, S. J. and Kruyt, N. P.},
	title = {Role of interparticle friction and particle-scale elasticity in the shear-strength mechanism of three-dimensional granular media},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392253},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e031308},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, contact, elasticity, friction, granular, jin, material, mechanics, modulus, shear, strength, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e031308},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {APS---9},

	keywords = {
		contact,
		elasticity,
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		mechanics,
		modulus,
		shear,
		strength,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3295
@article{head0000critical,

	author = {Head, David A.},
	title = {Critical Scaling and Aging in Cooling Systems Near the Jamming Transition},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392252},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e138001},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {13},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e138001},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3296
@article{hoover0000microscopic,

	author = {Hoover, Wm and Hoover, Carol G. and Lutsko, James F.},
	title = {Microscopic and macroscopic stress with gravitational and rotational forces},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392251},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e036709},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, continuum, energy, force, gravity, intermolecular, internal, jin, mechanics, potential, rotation, stress, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e036709},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {APS---6},

	keywords = {
		continuum,
		energy,
		force,
		gravity,
		intermolecular,
		internal,
		jin,
		mechanics,
		potential,
		rotation,
		stress,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3297
@article{hopkins0000dense,

	author = {Hopkins, Adam B. and Stillinger, Frank H. and Torquato, Salvatore},
	title = {Dense sphere packings from optimized correlation functions},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392250},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e031123},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, random, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e031123},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {APS---10},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		random,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3298
@article{lorenz0000leesedwards,

	author = {Lorenz, Eric and Hoekstra, Alfons G. and Caiazzo, Alfonso},
	title = {Lees-Edwards boundary conditions for lattice Boltzmann suspension simulations},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392249},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e036706},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boltzmann, couette, flow, jin, lattice, shear, suns, suspension},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e036706},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {APS---8},

	keywords = {
		boltzmann,
		couette,
		flow,
		jin,
		lattice,
		shear,
		suns,
		suspension,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3299
@article{artoni0000effective,

	author = {Artoni, Riccardo and Santomaso, Andrea and Canu, Paolo},
	title = {Effective boundary conditions for dense granular flows},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392248},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e031304},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, granular, jin, numeric, slip, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e031304},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {APS---6},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		numeric,
		slip,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3300
@article{kamrin0000nonlinear,

	author = {Kamrin, Ken},
	title = {Nonlinear elasto-plastic model for dense granular flow},
	journal = {arXiv:0903.4480v2},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392246},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:24},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 3301
@article{majumdar0000landaulike,

	author = {Majumdar, Satya N. and Das, Dibyendu and Kondev, Jan\'{e} and Chakraborty, Bulbul},
	title = {Landau-like theory of glassy dynamics},
	journal = {Phys. Rev. E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392244},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:24},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {70},
	pages = {American Physical Society+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3302
@article{sethna0000scaling,

	author = {Sethna, James P. and Shore, Joel D. and Huang, Ming},
	title = {Scaling theory for the glass transition},
	journal = {Physical Review B},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392242},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRB/v44/p4943},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {10},
	old_pages = {4943+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRB/v44/p4943},
	volume = {44},
	pages = {4943+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3303
@article{babic2006stress,

	author = {Babic, Marijan and Shen, Hayley H. and Shen, Hung T.},
	title = {The stress tensor in granular shear flows of uniform, deformable disks at high solids concentrations},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics Digital Archive},
	year = {2006},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392241},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022112090002877},
	doi = {10.1017/S0022112090002877},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022112090002877},
	volume = {219},
	pages = {-118},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3304
@article{brujic0000granular,

	author = {Brujic, Jasna and Wang, Ping and Song, Chaoming and Johnson, David L. and Sindt, Olivier and Makse, Hern\'{a}n A.},
	title = {Granular Dynamics in Compaction and Stress Relaxation},
	journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392240},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {12},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:24},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {95},
	pages = {American Physical Society+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3305
@article{dougherty0000foundations,

	author = {Dougherty, J. P.},
	title = {Foundations of Non-Equilibrium Statistical Mechanics},
	journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Physical and Engineering Sciences},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Two separate `schools' have offered what are claimed to be general foundations for the subject of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, based respectively on subdynamics and information theory. These appear to be unrelated, to start from conflicting interpretations of probability, to generate different methodology and to be useful in non-overlapping applications. The present paper is a study of the relation between the work of the two schools. After reviewing them critically in a presentation that unifies the notation used, the connection between them is developed. It is concluded, subject to some provisos, that they are equivalent. It is suggested that the subject could be unified on this basis, and that the methodologies be made more generally available.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392239},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/346/1680/259.abstract},
	comment = {10.1098/rsta.1994.0022},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1680},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/346/1680/259.abstract},
	volume = {346},
	pages = {-305},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3306
@article{mehta1992real_2,

	author = {Mehta, Anita},
	title = {Real sandpiles: dilatancy, hysteresis and cooperative dynamics},
	journal = {Physica A: Statistical and Theoretical Physics},
	year = {1992},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392238},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4371(92)90371-V},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-46FX37S-5N/2/5d8502f383e5480ff39d4adc1d529ea5},
	doi = {10.1016/0378-4371(92)90371-V},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1-2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-46FX37S-5N/2/5d8502f383e5480ff39d4adc1d529ea5},
	volume = {186},
	pages = {-153},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3307
@article{demetriou0000cooperative,

	author = {Demetriou, Marios D. and Harmon, John S. and Tao, Min and Duan, Gang and Samwer, Konrad and Johnson, William L.},
	title = {Cooperative Shear Model for the Rheology of Glass-Forming Metallic Liquids},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392237},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v97/e065502},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v97/e065502},
	volume = {97},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3308
@article{kobelev0000strain,

	author = {Kobelev, Vladimir and Schweizer, Kenneth S.},
	title = {Strain softening, yielding, and shear thinning in glassy colloidal suspensions},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392236},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v71/e021401},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {021401+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v71/e021401},
	volume = {71},
	pages = {021401+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3309
@article{slotterback0000correlation,

	author = {Slotterback, Steven and Toiya, Masahiro and Goff, Leonard and Douglas, Jack F. and Losert, Wolfgang},
	title = {Correlation between Particle Motion and Voronoi-Cell-Shape Fluctuations during the Compaction of Granular Matter},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392235},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v101/e258001},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {25},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v101/e258001},
	volume = {101},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3310
@article{abate0000spatially,

	author = {Abate, A. R. and Durian, D. J.},
	title = {Spatially heterogeneous dynamics in a granular system near jamming},
	journal = {Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392234},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?CHA/17/041107/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, jin, material, structure, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?CHA/17/041107/1},
	volume = {17},
	pages = {AIP---1},

	keywords = {
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		structure,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3311
@article{mason1996yielding,

	author = {Mason, T. G. and Bibette, J. and Weitz, D. A.},
	title = {Yielding and Flow of Monodisperse Emulsions},
	journal = {Journal of Colloid and Interface Science},
	year = {1996},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392233},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jcis.1996.0235},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHR-45MGV7K-FD/2/7048a05987946996398f28f16fa8924f},
	doi = {10.1006/jcis.1996.0235},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, emulsion, flow, jin, rheology, strain, stress, suns, yield},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHR-45MGV7K-FD/2/7048a05987946996398f28f16fa8924f},
	volume = {179},
	pages = {-448},

	keywords = {
		emulsion,
		flow,
		jin,
		rheology,
		strain,
		stress,
		suns,
		yield,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3312
@article{katgert0000rate,

	author = {Katgert, Gijs and Mobius, Matthias E. and van Hecke, Martin},
	title = {Rate Dependence and Role of Disorder in Linearly Sheared Two-Dimensional Foams},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392232},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v101/e058301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v101/e058301},
	volume = {101},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3313
@article{abate0000effective,

	author = {Abate, A. R. and Durian, D. J.},
	title = {Effective Temperatures and Activated Dynamics for a Two-Dimensional Air-Driven Granular System on Two Approaches to Jamming},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392231},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v101/e245701},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {24},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v101/e245701},
	volume = {101},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3314
@article{brito0000heterogeneous,

	author = {Brito, Carolina and Wyart, Matthieu},
	title = {Heterogeneous dynamics, marginal stability and soft modes in hard sphere glasses},
	journal = {Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In a recent publication we established an analogy between the free energy of a hard sphere system and the energy of an elastic network. This result enables one to study the free energy landscape of hard spheres, which was previously accessible only via density functional theory. In our formalism normal modes can easily be defined and computed. In this work we use these tools to analyze the activated transitions between meta-basins, both in the ageing regime deep in the glass phase and near the glass transition. We observe numerically that structural relaxation occurs mostly along a very small number of nearly unstable extended modes. This number decays for denser packing and is significantly lowered as the system undergoes the glass transition. This observation supports the assertion that structural relaxation and marginal modes share common properties. In particular, theoretical results show that these modes extend at least on some length scale l*[?](phc[?]ph)[?]1/2 where phc corresponds to the maximum packing fraction, i.e. the jamming transition. This prediction is consistent with very recent numerical observations of dynamical length scales in sheared systems near the jamming threshold, where a similar exponent is found, and with the commonly observed growth of the rearranging regions with compression near the glass transition.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392230},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {08},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:24},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {2007},
	pages = {-L08003},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3315
@article{todd0000nonlocal,

	author = {Todd, B. D. and Hansen, J. S.},
	title = {Nonlocal viscous transport and the effect on fluid stress},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392229},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e051202},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, couette, flow, jin, navierstokes, poiseuille, suns, transport, viscosity},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e051202},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {APS---6},

	keywords = {
		couette,
		flow,
		jin,
		navier, stokes,
		poiseuille,
		suns,
		transport,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3316
@article{gibaud0000influence,

	author = {Gibaud, Thomas and Barentin, Catherine and Manneville, Sebastien},
	title = {Influence of Boundary Conditions on Yielding in a Soft Glassy Material},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392228},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v101/e258302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {25},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v101/e258302},
	volume = {101},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3317
@article{ovarlez2009phenomenology,

	author = {Ovarlez, G. and Rodts, S. and Chateau, X. and Coussot, P.},
	title = {Phenomenology and physical origin of shear localization and shear banding in complex fluids},
	journal = {Rheologica Acta},
	year = {2009},

	abstract = {Abstract\~{}\\~{}We review and compare the phenomenological aspects and physical origin of shear localization and shear banding in various material types, namely emulsions, suspensions, colloids, granular materials, and micellar systems. It appears that shear banding, which must be distinguished from the simple effect of coexisting static-flowing regions in yield stress fluids, occurs in the form of a progressive evolution of the local viscosity toward two significantly different values in two adjoining regions of the fluids in which the stress takes slightly different values. This suggests that from a global point of view, shear banding in these systems has a common physical origin: Two physical phenomena (for example, in colloids, destructuration due to flow and restructuration due to aging) are in competition, and depending on the flow conditions, one of them becomes dominant and makes the system evolve in a specific direction.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392227},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00397-008-0344-6},
	doi = {10.1007/s00397-008-0344-6},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00397-008-0344-6},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
	},

}

ref_id = 3318
@article{sollich0000rheological,

	author = {Sollich, Peter},
	title = {Rheological constitutive equation for a model of soft glassy materials},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392226},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v58/p738},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {738+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v58/p738},
	volume = {58},
	pages = {738+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3319
@article{biroli2007jamming_2,

	author = {Biroli, Giulio},
	title = {Jamming: A new kind of phase transition?},
	journal = {Nat Phys},
	year = {2007},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392225},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphys580},
	comment = {10.1038/nphys580},
	doi = {10.1038/nphys580},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphys580},
	volume = {3},
	pages = {-223},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3320
@article{tanguy2006plastic,

	author = {Tanguy, A. and Leonforte, F. and Barrat, J.},
	title = {Plastic response of a 2D Lennard-Jones amorphous solid: Detailed analysis of the local rearrangements at very slow strain rate},
	journal = {The European Physical Journal E: Soft Matter and Biological Physics},
	year = {2006},

	abstract = {Abstract.\~{}\\~{}We analyze in detail the atomistic response of a model amorphous material submitted to plastic shear in the athermal, quasi-static limit. After a linear stress-strain behavior, the system undergoes a noisy plastic flow. We show that the plastic flow is spatially heterogeneous. Two kinds of plastic events occur in the system: quadrupolar localized rearrangements, and shear bands. The analysis of the individual motion of a particle shows also two regimes: a hyper-diffusive regime followed by a diffusive regime, even at zero temperature.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392224},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epje/i2006-10024-2},
	doi = {10.1140/epje/i2006-10024-2},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epje/i2006-10024-2},
	volume = {20},
	pages = {-364},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3321
@article{talamali0000pathindependent,

	author = {Talamali, Mehdi and Petaja, Viljo and Vandembroucq, Damien and Roux, Stephane},
	title = {Path-independent integrals to identify localized plastic events in two dimensions},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392223},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e016109},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, amorph, jin, plasticity, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e016109},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {APS---6},

	keywords = {
		amorph,
		jin,
		plasticity,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3322
@article{keys2007measurement_2,

	author = {Keys, Aaron S. and Abate, Adam R. and Glotzer, Sharon C. and Durian, Douglas J.},
	title = {Measurement of growing dynamical length scales and prediction of the jamming transition in a granular material},
	journal = {Nat Phys},
	year = {2007},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392222},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphys572},
	comment = {10.1038/nphys572},
	doi = {10.1038/nphys572},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphys572},
	volume = {3},
	pages = {-264},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3323
@article{sollich0000rheology,

	author = {Sollich, Peter and Lequeux, Fran\c{c}ois and H\'{e}braud, Pascal and Cates, Michael E.},
	title = {Rheology of Soft Glassy Materials},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392221},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v78/p2020},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {10},
	old_pages = {2020+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v78/p2020},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {2020+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3324
@article{ottinger0000nonequilibrium,

	author = {Ottinger, Hans C.},
	title = {Nonequilibrium thermodynamics of glasses},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392220},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e011113},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, deformation, glass, jin, nonequilibrium, suns, thermodynamics, transition},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e011113},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---25},

	keywords = {
		deformation,
		glass,
		jin,
		nonequilibrium,
		suns,
		thermodynamics,
		transition,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3325
@article{tsamados2008study,

	author = {Tsamados, M. and Tanguy, A. and L\'{e}onforte, F. and Barrat, J.},
	title = {On the study of local-stress rearrangements during quasi-static plastic shear of a model glass: Do local-stress components contain enough information?},
	journal = {The European Physical Journal E: Soft Matter and Biological Physics},
	year = {2008},

	abstract = {Abstract.\~{}\\~{}We present a numerical study of the mechanical response of a 2D Lennard-Jones amorphous solid under steady quasi-static and athermal shear. We focus here on the evolution of local stress components. While the local stress is usually taken as an order parameter in the description of the rheological behaviour of complex fluids, and for plasticity in glasses, we show here that the knowledge of local stresses is not sufficient for a complete description of the plastic behaviour of our system. The distribution of local stresses can be approximately described as resulting from the sum of localized quadrupolar events with an exponential distribution of amplitudes. However, we show that the position of the center of the quadrupoles is not related to any special evolution of the local stress, but must be described by another variable.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392219},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epje/i2007-10324-y},
	doi = {10.1140/epje/i2007-10324-y},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epje/i2007-10324-y},
	volume = {26},
	pages = {-293},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3326
@article{picard0000slow,

	author = {Picard, Guillemette and Ajdari, Armand and Lequeux, Fran\c{c}ois and Bocquet, Lyd\'{e}ric},
	title = {Slow flows of yield stress fluids: Complex spatiotemporal behavior within a simple elastoplastic model},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392218},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v71/e010501},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {010501+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v71/e010501},
	volume = {71},
	pages = {010501+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3327
@article{ono0000effective,

	author = {Ono, Ian K. and O'Hern, Corey S. and Durian, D. J. and Langer, Stephen A. and Liu, Andrea J. and Nagel, Sidney R.},
	title = {Effective Temperatures of a Driven System Near Jamming},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392217},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v89/e095703},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {9},
	old_pages = {095703+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v89/e095703},
	volume = {89},
	pages = {095703+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3328
@article{hebraud0000modecoupling,

	author = {H\'{e}braud, P. and Lequeux, F.},
	title = {Mode-Coupling Theory for the Pasty Rheology of Soft Glassy Materials},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392216},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v81/p2934},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {14},
	old_pages = {2934+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v81/p2934},
	volume = {81},
	pages = {2934+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3329
@article{goyon2008spatial,

	author = {Goyon, J. and Colin, A. and Ovarlez, G. and Ajdari, A. and Bocquet, L.},
	title = {Spatial cooperativity in soft glassy flows},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {2008},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392215},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature07026},
	comment = {10.1038/nature07026},
	doi = {10.1038/nature07026},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {7200},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature07026},
	volume = {454},
	pages = {Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved---87},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3330
@article{song0000experimental,

	author = {Song, Chaoming and Wang, Ping and Makse, Hern\'{a}n A.},
	title = {Experimental measurement of an effective temperature for jammed granular materials},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A densely packed granular system is an example of an out-of-equilibrium system in the jammed state. It has been a longstanding problem to determine whether this class of systems can be described by concepts arising from equilibrium statistical mechanics, such as an effective temperature and compactivity. The measurement of the effective temperature is realized in the laboratory by slowly shearing a closely packed ensemble of spherical beads confined by an external pressure in a Couette geometry. All of the probe particles considered in this study, independent of their characteristic features, equilibrate at the same temperature, given by the packing density of the system.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392214},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.pnas.org/content/102/7/2299.abstract},
	comment = {10.1073/pnas.0409911102},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {7},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.pnas.org/content/102/7/2299.abstract},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {-2304},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3331
@article{haxton0000activated,

	author = {Haxton, Thomas K. and Liu, Andrea J.},
	title = {Activated Dynamics and Effective Temperature in a Steady State Sheared Glass},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392213},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v99/e195701},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {19},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v99/e195701},
	volume = {99},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3332
@article{ohern0000effective,

	author = {O'Hern, Corey S. and Liu, Andrea J. and Nagel, Sidney R.},
	title = {Effective Temperatures in Driven Systems: Static Versus Time-Dependent Relations},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392212},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v93/e165702},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {16},
	old_pages = {165702+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v93/e165702},
	volume = {93},
	pages = {165702+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3333
@article{liu1998nonlinear_1,

	author = {Liu, Andrea J. and Nagel, Sidney R.},
	title = {Nonlinear dynamics: Jamming is not just cool any more},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {1998},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392211},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/23819},
	comment = {10.1038/23819},
	doi = {10.1038/23819},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6706},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/23819},
	volume = {396},
	pages = {-22},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3334
@article{sun0000numerical_1,

	author = {Sun, Jin and Xiao, Heng and Gao, Donghong},
	title = {Numerical study of segregation using multiscale models},
	journal = {International Journal of Computational Fluid Dynamics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392210},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.informaworld.com/10.1080/10618560902736491},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.informaworld.com/10.1080/10618560902736491},
	volume = {23},
	pages = {Taylor \& Francis---92},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3335
@article{truskett0000structural,

	author = {Truskett, Thomas M. and Torquato, Salvatore and Sastry, Srikanth and Debenedetti, Pablo G. and Stillinger, Frank H.},
	title = {Structural precursor to freezing in the hard-disk and hard-sphere systems},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392209},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v58/p3083},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	old_pages = {3083+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v58/p3083},
	volume = {58},
	pages = {3083+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3336
@article{langer0000dynamics_1,

	author = {Langer, J. S.},
	title = {Dynamics and thermodynamics of the glass transition},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392208},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e041504},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, entropy, fluctuation, glass, jin, suns, transition},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e041504},
	volume = {73},
	pages = {APS---9},

	keywords = {
		entropy,
		fluctuation,
		glass,
		jin,
		suns,
		transition,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3337
@article{del0000nonaffine,

	author = {Del Gado, Emanuela and Ilg, Patrick and Kroger, Martin and Ottinger, Hans C.},
	title = {Nonaffine Deformation of Inherent Structure as a Static Signature of Cooperativity in Supercooled Liquids},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392207},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v101/e095501},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {9},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v101/e095501},
	volume = {101},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3338
@article{langer0000sheartransformationzone,

	author = {Langer, J. S.},
	title = {Shear-transformation-zone theory of plastic deformation near the glass transition},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392206},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e021502},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, amorph, deformation, entropy, glass, jin, metal, nonequilibrium, plastic, shear, stress, suns, thermodynamics, transition, yield},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e021502},
	volume = {77},
	pages = {APS---14},

	keywords = {
		amorph,
		deformation,
		entropy,
		glass,
		jin,
		metal,
		nonequilibrium,
		plastic,
		shear,
		stress,
		suns,
		thermodynamics,
		transition,
		yield,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3339
@article{lemaitre0000boundary,

	author = {Lema\^{i}tre, Ana\"{e}l and Carlson, Jean},
	title = {Boundary lubrication with a glassy interface},
	journal = {Phys. Rev. E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	booktitle = {Boundary lubrication with a glassy interface},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392205},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {69},
	pages = {American Physical Society+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3340
@article{langer0000dynamics_2,

	author = {Langer, J. S.},
	title = {Dynamics of shear-transformation zones in amorphous plasticity: Formulation in terms of an effective disorder temperature},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392204},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v70/e041502},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	old_pages = {041502+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v70/e041502},
	volume = {70},
	pages = {041502+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3341
@article{fazekas0000morphologies,

	author = {Fazekas, S. and Torok, J. and Kertesz, J. and Wolf, D. E.},
	title = {Morphologies of three-dimensional shear bands in granular media},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392203},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e031303},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, hardening, jin, material, suns, work},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e031303},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---6},

	keywords = {
		granular,
		hardening,
		jin,
		material,
		suns,
		work,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3342
@article{trappe2001jamming_1,

	author = {Trappe, V. and Prasad, V. and Cipelletti, Luca and Segre, P. N. and Weitz, D. A.},
	title = {Jamming phase diagram for attractive particles},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {2001},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392202},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35081021},
	comment = {10.1038/35081021},
	doi = {10.1038/35081021},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6839},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35081021},
	volume = {411},
	pages = {-775},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3343
@article{makse0000granular,

	author = {Makse, Hern\'{a}n A. and Gland, Nicolas and Johnson, David L. and Schwartz, Lawrence},
	title = {Granular packings: Nonlinear elasticity, sound propagation, and collective relaxation dynamics},
	journal = {Phys. Rev. E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392201},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {70},
	pages = {American Physical Society+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3344
@article{makse0000packing,

	author = {Makse, Hern\'{a}n A. and Johnson, David L. and Schwartz, Lawrence M.},
	title = {Packing of Compressible Granular Materials},
	journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392200},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {18},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {84},
	pages = {American Physical Society---4163},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3345
@article{zhang2009simulation,

	author = {Zhang, Shuai and Kuwabara, Shigeyuki and Suzuki, Takahito and Kawano, Yoshio and Morita, Koji and Fukuda, Kenji},
	title = {Simulation of solid-fluid mixture flow using moving particle methods},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392199},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2008.12.005},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4V70RFH-6/2/cab7016a2fbde636f108b7559641d276},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jcp.2008.12.005},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dem, flow, fluidsolid, jin, mixing, moving, particle, suns, volume},
	number = {7},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4V70RFH-6/2/cab7016a2fbde636f108b7559641d276},
	volume = {228},
	pages = {-2565},

	keywords = {
		dem,
		flow,
		fluid, solid,
		jin,
		mixing,
		moving,
		particle,
		suns,
		volume,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3346
@article{sheldon2009computational,

	author = {Sheldon Wang, X. and Zhang, L. T. and Liu, Wing K.},
	title = {On computational issues of immersed finite element methods},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392198},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2008.12.012},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4V74VNV-4/2/94eeb5cc98002c1ce620cf60b0235456},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jcp.2008.12.012},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boundary, cavity, continuum, fluidstructure, immersed, interaction, jin, mixing, suns},
	number = {7},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4V74VNV-4/2/94eeb5cc98002c1ce620cf60b0235456},
	volume = {228},
	pages = {-2551},

	keywords = {
		boundary,
		cavity,
		continuum,
		fluid, structure,
		immersed,
		interaction,
		jin,
		mixing,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3347
@article{mueth2000signatures_2,

	author = {Mueth, Daniel M. and Debregeas, Georges F. and Karczmar, Greg S. and Eng, Peter J. and Nagel, Sidney R. and Jaeger, Heinrich M.},
	title = {Signatures of granular microstructure in dense shear flows},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {2000},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392197},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35019032},
	comment = {10.1038/35019032},
	doi = {10.1038/35019032},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6794},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35019032},
	volume = {406},
	pages = {385--389},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3348
@article{florin2009convergence,

	author = {Florin Bobaru, Mijia Y.},
	title = {Convergence, adaptive refinement, and scaling in 1D peridynamics},
	journal = {International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392196},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.2439},
	doi = {10.1002/nme.2439},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	old_pages = {877},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.2439},
	volume = {77},
	pages = {877},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3349
@article{hsu0000dynamic,

	author = {Hsu, Chaur-Jian and Johnson, David L. and Ingale, Rohit A. and Valenza, John J. and Gland, Nicolas and Makse, Hernan A.},
	title = {Dynamic Effective Mass of Granular Media},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392195},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e058001},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e058001},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3350
@article{allen0000deformation,

	author = {Allen, Pavel V. and {Iii}},
	title = {Deformation of biological cells in the acoustic field of an oscillating bubble},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392194},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e021910},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, acoustic, bioacoustics, biomechanics, biophysics, bubble, cell, deformation, jin, microorganism, oscillation, resonance, suns, ultrasonics, vibration},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e021910},
	volume = {79},

	keywords = {
		acoustic,
		bioacoustics,
		biomechanics,
		biophysics,
		bubble,
		cell,
		deformation,
		jin,
		microorganism,
		oscillation,
		resonance,
		suns,
		ultrasonics,
		vibration,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_UNMATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3351
@article{macmeccan2009simulating,

	author = {MacMECCAN, Robert M. and Clausen, J. R. and Neitzel, G. P. and Aidun, C. K.},
	title = {Simulating deformable particle suspensions using a coupled lattice-Boltzmann and finite-element method},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392193},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022112008004011},
	doi = {10.1017/S0022112008004011},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022112008004011},
	volume = {618},
	pages = {-39},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3352
@article{silling2008convergence,

	author = {Silling, S. and Lehoucq, R.},
	title = {Convergence of Peridynamics to Classical Elasticity Theory},
	journal = {Journal of Elasticity},
	year = {2008},

	abstract = {Abstract\~{}\\~{}The peridynamic model of solid mechanics is a nonlocal theory containing a length scale. It is based on direct interactions between points in a continuum separated from each other by a finite distance. The maximum interaction distance provides a length scale for the material model. This paper addresses the question of whether the peridynamic model for an elastic material reproduces the classical local model as this length scale goes to zero. We show that if the motion, constitutive model, and any nonhomogeneities are sufficiently smooth, then the peridynamic stress tensor converges in this limit to a Piola-Kirchhoff stress tensor that is a function only of the local deformation gradient tensor, as in the classical theory. This limiting Piola-Kirchhoff stress tensor field is differentiable, and its divergence represents the force density due to internal forces. The limiting, or collapsed, stress-strain model satisfies the conditions in the classical theory for angular momentum balance, isotropy, objectivity, and hyperelasticity, provided the original peridynamic constitutive model satisfies the appropriate conditions.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392192},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10659-008-9163-3},
	doi = {10.1007/s10659-008-9163-3},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10659-008-9163-3},
	volume = {93},
	pages = {-37},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3353
@article{parks2008implementing,

	author = {Parks, Michael L. and Lehoucq, Richard B. and Plimpton, Steven J. and Silling, Stewart A.},
	title = {Implementing peridynamics within a molecular dynamics code},
	journal = {Computer Physics Communications},
	year = {2008},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392191},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2008.06.011},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ5-4SVC5PV-1/2/224aed02c4c19c1db8aa1e969c94015d},
	doi = {10.1016/j.cpc.2008.06.011},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, continuum, dynamics, jin, mechanics, molecule, multiscale, parallel, peridynamics, suns},
	number = {11},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ5-4SVC5PV-1/2/224aed02c4c19c1db8aa1e969c94015d},
	volume = {179},
	pages = {-783},

	keywords = {
		continuum,
		dynamics,
		jin,
		mechanics,
		molecule,
		multiscale,
		parallel,
		peridynamics,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3354
@article{macek2007peridynamics,

	author = {Macek, Richard W. and Silling, Stewart A.},
	title = {Peridynamics via finite element analysis},
	journal = {Finite Elements in Analysis and Design},
	year = {2007},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392190},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.finel.2007.08.012},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V36-4PYRK7F-2/2/edec184d6c2fb1fbd59f9e8bef79503a},
	doi = {10.1016/j.finel.2007.08.012},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, damage, fracture, jin, penetration, peridynamics, suns},
	number = {15},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V36-4PYRK7F-2/2/edec184d6c2fb1fbd59f9e8bef79503a},
	volume = {43},
	pages = {-1178},

	keywords = {
		damage,
		fracture,
		jin,
		penetration,
		peridynamics,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3355
@article{silling2005meshfree,

	author = {Silling, S. A. and Askari, E.},
	title = {A meshfree method based on the peridynamic model of solid mechanics},
	journal = {Computers \& Structures},
	year = {2005},

	booktitle = {Advances in Meshfree Methods},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392189},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2004.11.026},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V28-4FS2388-3/2/d27aabd12e0f4a7eee466abf5c661f0e},
	doi = {10.1016/j.compstruc.2004.11.026},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {17-18},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V28-4FS2388-3/2/d27aabd12e0f4a7eee466abf5c661f0e},
	volume = {83},
	pages = {-1535},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3356
@article{silling2005peridynamic,

	author = {Silling, S. A. and Bobaru, F.},
	title = {Peridynamic modeling of membranes and fibers},
	journal = {International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics},
	year = {2005},

	booktitle = {Special Issue in Honour of C.O. Horgan},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392188},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnonlinmec.2004.08.004},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ2-4D97S4J-1/2/fe720fec476c90bad80ea69a5fe07f05},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijnonlinmec.2004.08.004},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, elasticity, fracture, jin, membrane, rubber, suns},
	number = {2-3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ2-4D97S4J-1/2/fe720fec476c90bad80ea69a5fe07f05},
	volume = {40},
	pages = {-409},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		elasticity,
		fracture,
		jin,
		membrane,
		rubber,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3357
@article{silling2000reformulation,

	author = {Silling, S. A.},
	title = {Reformulation of elasticity theory for discontinuities and long-range forces},
	journal = {Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids},
	year = {2000},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392187},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5096(99)00029-0},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-3XY2C4X-7/2/056f22e150b1050cd24e1ef29ca1a5fd},
	doi = {10.1016/S0022-5096(99)00029-0},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bifurcation, dynamics, elasticity, fracture, jin, material, stability, stress, suns, wave},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-3XY2C4X-7/2/056f22e150b1050cd24e1ef29ca1a5fd},
	volume = {48},
	pages = {-209},

	keywords = {
		bifurcation,
		dynamics,
		elasticity,
		fracture,
		jin,
		material,
		stability,
		stress,
		suns,
		wave,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3358
@article{shi0000evaluation,

	author = {Shi, Yunfeng and Katz, Michael B. and Li, Hui and Falk, Michael L.},
	title = {Evaluation of the Disorder Temperature and Free-Volume Formalisms via Simulations of Shear Banding in Amorphous Solids},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392186},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v98/e185505},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {18},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v98/e185505},
	volume = {98},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3359
@article{perkins2009solarthermal,

	author = {Perkins, Christopher and Weimer, Alan W.},
	title = {Solar-thermal production of renewable hydrogen},
	journal = {AIChE Journal},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392185},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.11810},
	doi = {10.1002/aic.11810},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {293},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.11810},
	volume = {55},
	pages = {293},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3360
@article{askari0000peridynamics,

	author = {Askari, E. and Bobaru, F. and Lehoucq, R. B. and Parks, M. L. and Silling, S. A. and Weckner, O.},
	title = {Peridynamics for multiscale materials modeling},
	journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The paper presents an overview of peridynamics, a continuum theory that employs a nonlocal model of force interaction. Specifically, the stress/strain relationship of classical elasticity is replaced by an integral operator that sums internal forces separated by a finite distance. This integral operator is not a function of the deformation gradient, allowing for a more general notion of deformation than in classical elasticity that is well aligned with the kinematic assumptions of molecular dynamics. Peridynamics effectiveness has been demonstrated in several applications, including fracture and failure of composites, nanofiber networks, and polycrystal fracture. These suggest that peridynamics is a viable multiscale material model for length scales ranging from molecular dynamics to those of classical elasticity.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392184},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	old_pages = {012078+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {125},
	pages = {012078+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3361
@article{manning0000ratedependent,

	author = {Manning, M. L. and Daub, E. G. and Langer, J. S. and Carlson, J. M.},
	title = {Rate-dependent shear bands in a shear-transformation-zone model of amorphous solids},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392183},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e016110},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, amorph, deformation, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e016110},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {APS---17},

	keywords = {
		amorph,
		deformation,
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3362
@article{tewari0000growing,

	author = {Tewari, Shubha and Tithi, Bidita and Ferguson, Allison and Chakraborty, Bulbul},
	title = {Growing length scale in gravity-driven dense granular flow},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392182},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e011303},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, fluctuation, granular, jamming, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e011303},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {APS---9},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		fluctuation,
		granular,
		jamming,
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3363
@article{brewster0000effects,

	author = {Brewster, Robert and Grest, Gary S. and Levine, Alex J.},
	title = {Effects of cohesion on the surface angle and velocity profiles of granular material in a rotating drum},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392181},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e011305},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, compression, friction, granular, jin, material, suns, wetting},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e011305},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {APS---7},

	keywords = {
		compression,
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		suns,
		wetting,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3364
@article{in0000shear,

	author = {in 't Veld, Pieter J. and Petersen, Matt K. and Grest, Gary S.},
	title = {Shear thinning of nanoparticle suspensions},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392180},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e021401},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, colloid, dynamics, gel, jin, lennardjones, liquid, molecule, nanoparticle, potential, solvent, suns, suspension, viscosity},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e021401},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		colloid,
		dynamics,
		gel,
		jin,
		lennard, jones,
		liquid,
		molecule,
		nanoparticle,
		potential,
		solvent,
		suns,
		suspension,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3365
@article{ji2009comparisons,

	author = {Ji, Shunying and Hanes, Daniel M. and Shen, Hayley H. and Asce, M.},
	title = {Comparisons of Physical Experiment and Discrete Element Simulations of Sheared Granular Materials in an Annular Shear Cell},
	journal = {Mechanics of Materials},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392179},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmat.2009.01.029},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TX6-4VJBTJW-2/2/23d16ea9ca9b5347937cb58fa8bb7c7e},
	doi = {10.1016/j.mechmat.2009.01.029},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TX6-4VJBTJW-2/2/23d16ea9ca9b5347937cb58fa8bb7c7e},
	volume = {In Press, Accepted Manuscript},
	pages = {-},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3366
@article{radjai2009contact,

	author = {Radjai, Farhang and Richefeu, Vincent},
	title = {Contact dynamics as a nonsmooth discrete element method},
	journal = {Mechanics of Materials},
	year = {2009},

	abstract = {The contact dynamics (CD) method is presented as a discrete element method for the simulation of nonsmooth granular dynamics at the scale of particle rearrangements where small elastic response times and displacements are neglected. Two central ingredients of the method are detailed: 1) The contact laws expressed as complementarity relations between the contact forces and velocities and 2) The nonsmooth motion involving velocity jumps with impulsive unresolved forces as well as smooth motion with resolved static forces. We show that a consistent description of the dynamics at the velocity level leads to an implicit time-stepping scheme together with an explicit treatment of the evolution of the particle configuration. We also discuss the intuitive features of the CD method with regard to collective phenomena involved in the multicontact dynamics of granular media: the role of the coarse-graining time [delta]t, the precision issues and the interpretation of the restitution coefficients.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392178},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmat.2009.01.028},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TX6-4VJBTJW-1/2/e268534c5d972b3efc0978653a628dd9},
	doi = {10.1016/j.mechmat.2009.01.028},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, contact, coulomb, discrete, dynamics, friction, jin, nonsmoothness, signorini, suns, unilateral},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TX6-4VJBTJW-1/2/e268534c5d972b3efc0978653a628dd9},
	volume = {In Press, Accepted Manuscript},
	pages = {-},

	keywords = {
		contact,
		coulomb,
		discrete,
		dynamics,
		friction,
		jin,
		nonsmoothness,
		signorini,
		suns,
		unilateral,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3367
@article{giordano0000effects,

	author = {Giordano, R. and Leuzzi, U. and Wanderlingh, F.},
	title = {Effects of ultrasound on unicellular algae},
	journal = {The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392177},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JAS/60/275/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JAS/60/275/1},
	volume = {60},
	pages = {ASA---278},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3368
@article{wang0000kinds,

	author = {Wang and Zhu},
	title = {Two kinds of dissipation in sheared granular materials},
	journal = {EPL (Europhysics Letters)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Granular systems contain an internal force delay, which significantly influences their dynamical properties. Methods to estimate this delay in the presence of external disturbances are not systematically studied. Addressing this problem, we report the frequency response of a dense-fine-sand system to an external shear oscillator. With increasing frequency the mechanical spectrum measured shows four peaks of the energy dissipation, corresponding to four decreases of modulus. We discuss in detail the corresponding relationship between the loss peaks and the grain chains. The discussion indicates that the energy dissipation of the granular materials comes from two parts: the fragile dissipation and the rheological dissipation.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392176},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {24004+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {82},
	pages = {24004+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3369
@article{tordesillas0000mesoscale,

	author = {Tordesillas, Antoinette and Muthuswamy, Maya and Walsh, Stuart D. C.},
	title = {Mesoscale Measures of Nonaffine Deformation in Dense Granular Assemblies},
	journal = {Journal of Engineering Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392175},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?QEM/134/1095/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, deformation, discrete, granular, jin, medium, suns},
	number = {12},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?QEM/134/1095/1},
	volume = {134},
	pages = {ASCE---1113},

	keywords = {
		deformation,
		discrete,
		granular,
		jin,
		medium,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3370
@article{weinan1997nonlinear,

	author = {Weinan},
	title = {Nonlinear Continuum Theory of Smectic-A Liquid Crystals},
	journal = {Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis},
	year = {1997},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392174},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002050050026},
	doi = {10.1007/s002050050026},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002050050026},
	volume = {137},
	pages = {-175},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3371
@article{yue2007local,

	author = {Yue, Xingye and Weinan},
	title = {The local microscale problem in the multiscale modeling of strongly heterogeneous media: Effects of boundary conditions and cell size},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {2007},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392173},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2006.07.034},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4KXWK4J-1/2/c536a0c9335fe6250929fd8d77c04f8c},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jcp.2006.07.034},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boundary, composite, heterogeneity, jin, material, medium, model, multiscale, scale, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4KXWK4J-1/2/c536a0c9335fe6250929fd8d77c04f8c},
	volume = {222},
	pages = {-572},

	keywords = {
		boundary,
		composite,
		heterogeneity,
		jin,
		material,
		medium,
		model,
		multiscale,
		scale,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3372
@article{goddard2009fluidlike,

	author = {Goddard, J. D. and Didwania, A. K.},
	title = {A Fluid-like Model of Vibrated Granular Layers: Linear Stability, Kinks and Oscillons},
	journal = {Mechanics of Materials},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392172},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmat.2009.01.015},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TX6-4VD9WTB-6/2/35d3854881dcbd6b324e931d065312c5},
	doi = {10.1016/j.mechmat.2009.01.015},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, faraday, granular, impact, instability, jin, kink, layer, oscillon, pattern, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TX6-4VD9WTB-6/2/35d3854881dcbd6b324e931d065312c5},
	volume = {In Press, Accepted Manuscript},
	pages = {-},

	keywords = {
		faraday,
		granular,
		impact,
		instability,
		jin,
		kink,
		layer,
		oscillon,
		pattern,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3373
@article{joseph2009invariants,

	author = {Joseph Antony, S. and Sultan, M. A.},
	title = {Invariants of stress and fabric tensors in charged granular systems subjected to shearing},
	journal = {Mechanics of Materials},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392171},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmat.2009.01.004},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TX6-4VCH6SR-3/2/b9ae3c461079d6198e380101c825e5ad},
	doi = {10.1016/j.mechmat.2009.01.004},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, grain, granular, jin, mechanics, medium, microstructure, particle, shear, strength, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TX6-4VCH6SR-3/2/b9ae3c461079d6198e380101c825e5ad},
	volume = {In Press, Accepted Manuscript},
	pages = {-},

	keywords = {
		grain,
		granular,
		jin,
		mechanics,
		medium,
		microstructure,
		particle,
		shear,
		strength,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3374
@article{yin2009drag,

	author = {Yin, Xiaolong and Sundaresan, Sankaran},
	title = {Drag Law for Bidisperse Gas−Solid Suspensions Containing Equally Sized Spheres},
	journal = {Industrial \& Engineering Chemistry Research},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392170},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie800171p},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie800171p},
	comment = {doi: 10.1021/ie800171p},
	doi = {10.1021/ie800171p},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie800171p},
	volume = {48},
	pages = {-241},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3375
@article{latzel2000macroscopic,

	author = {L\"{a}tzel, M. and Luding, S. and Herrmann, H. J.},
	title = {Macroscopic material properties from quasi-static, microscopic simulations of a two-dimensional shear-cell},
	journal = {Granular Matter},
	year = {2000},

	abstract = {Abstract\~{}\\~{} One of the essential questions in the area of granular matter is, how to obtain macroscopic tensorial quantities like stress and strain from ``microscopic'' quantities like the contact forces in a granular assembly. Different averaging strategies are introduced, tested, and used to obtain volume fractions, coordination numbers, and fabric properties. We derive anew the non-trivial relation for the stress tensor that allows a straightforward calculation of the mean stress from discrete element simulations and comment on the applicability. Furthermore, we derive ``elastic'' (reversible) mean displacement gradient, based on a best-fit hypothesis. Finally, different combinations of the tensorial quantities are used to compute some material properties. The bulk modulus, i.e. the stiffness of the granulate, is a linear function of the trace of the fabric tensor which itself is proportional to the density and the coordination number. The fabric, the stress and strain tensors are not co-linear so that a more refined analysis than a classical elasticity theory is required.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392169},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100350000048},
	doi = {10.1007/s100350000048},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, aarons, aerospace, anisotropy, continuum, dem, granular, gravity, homogeneity, jin, jps, material, micromacro, model, paper1, piv, powder, rotation, sjnk, stress, suns, transition},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100350000048},
	volume = {2},
	pages = {123--135},

	keywords = {
		aarons,
		aerospace,
		anisotropy,
		continuum,
		dem,
		granular,
		gravity,
		homogeneity,
		jin,
		jps,
		material,
		micromacro,
		model,
		paper1,
		piv,
		powder,
		rotation,
		sjnk,
		stress,
		suns,
		transition,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3376
@article{zhu2005steadystate,

	author = {Zhu, H. P. and Yu, A. B.},
	title = {Steady-state granular flow in a 3D cylindrical hopper with flat bottom: macroscopic analysis},
	journal = {Granular Matter},
	year = {2005},

	abstract = {The information of a hopper flow at a particle scale, obtained from discrete particle simulation, is used to investigate the macroscopic dynamic behaviour of granular flow in a cylindrical hopper with flat bottom by means of an averaging technique. The macroscopic properties including velocity, mass density, stress and couple stress are quantified under the cylindrical coordinate framework, and an effort is made to link these variables to the microscopic variables considered. The velocity and density distributions are first illustrated to match qualitatively the experimental and numerical results, confirming the validity of the proposed averaging method. Four components of stress, Tzz, Trr, Trz and Tzr, and two dominant components of couple stress, Mr θand Mz θ, are then investigated in detail. It is shown that large vertical normal stress is mainly observed in the region close to the bottom corner, large radial normal stress is observed within the particle bed as well as the bottom corner, and large shear stresses in the region adjacent to the vertical wall. The four stresses are relatively small in a region close to the orifice. Their magnitudes are mainly contributed by the interaction forces between particles and between particles and walls. However, the transport of particles also plays a significant role at the orifice, especially, in the vertical normal stress. The couple stress can be ignored except for the regions close to the vertical and bottom walls, where the most dominant components are Mr θadjacent to the vertical wall and Mz θclose to the bottom wall. The magnitudes of these macroscopic variables depend on the geometric and physical parameters of the hopper and particles such as the orifice size and wall roughness of the hopper, and the friction and damping coefficients between particles although their spatial distributions are similar.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392168},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10035-004-0191-9},
	doi = {10.1007/s10035-004-0191-9},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10035-004-0191-9},
	volume = {7},
	pages = {-107},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3377
@article{yin2009micromechanical,

	author = {Yin, Zhen-Yu and Chang, Ching S. and Hicher, Pierre-Yves and Karstunen, Minna},
	title = {Micromechanical analysis of kinematic hardening in natural clay},
	journal = {International Journal of Plasticity},
	year = {2009},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392167},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2008.11.009},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4V42J74-1/2/02049baa78a6e58216d5f17ad1139c60},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijplas.2008.11.009},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, anisotropy, elasticityplasticity, jin, material, microstructure, suns, yield},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4V42J74-1/2/02049baa78a6e58216d5f17ad1139c60},
	volume = {In Press, Corrected Proof},
	pages = {-},

	keywords = {
		anisotropy,
		elasticity, plasticity,
		jin,
		material,
		microstructure,
		suns,
		yield,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3378
@article{lashkari2007simple,

	author = {Lashkari, Ali and Latifi, Manouchehr},
	title = {A simple plasticity model for prediction of non-coaxial flow of sand},
	journal = {Mechanics Research Communications},
	year = {2007},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392166},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mechrescom.2006.09.013},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V48-4M524T2-1/2/b4470cb0a2e7d6f0654a22c83bc63581},
	doi = {10.1016/j.mechrescom.2006.09.013},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, anisotropy, fabric, jin, noncoaxial, plasticity, sand, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V48-4M524T2-1/2/b4470cb0a2e7d6f0654a22c83bc63581},
	volume = {34},
	pages = {-200},

	keywords = {
		anisotropy,
		fabric,
		jin,
		noncoaxial,
		plasticity,
		sand,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3379
@article{tsutsumi2008constitutive,

	author = {Tsutsumi, Seiichiro and Kaneko, Kenji},
	title = {Constitutive response of idealized granular media under the principal stress axes rotation},
	journal = {International Journal of Plasticity},
	year = {2008},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392165},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2008.05.001},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4SMWFCS-1/2/3c5345ef206e1fd3015335c23ef9c448},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijplas.2008.05.001},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, anisotropy, elasticityplasticity, granular, jin, material, noncoaxial, suns},
	number = {11},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4SMWFCS-1/2/3c5345ef206e1fd3015335c23ef9c448},
	volume = {24},
	pages = {-1989},

	keywords = {
		anisotropy,
		elasticity, plasticity,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		noncoaxial,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3380
@article{ilg0000systematic,

	author = {Ilg, Patrick and Ottinger, Hans C. and Kroger, Martin},
	title = {Systematic time-scale-bridging molecular dynamics applied to flowing polymer melts},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392164},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e011802},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, flow, jin, melt, molecule, montecarlo, nonequilibrium, nonnewtonian, polymer, suns, thermodynamics},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/e011802},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {APS---7},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		flow,
		jin,
		melt,
		molecule,
		montecarlo,
		nonequilibrium,
		nonnewtonian,
		polymer,
		suns,
		thermodynamics,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3381
@article{haroperez0000dynamic,

	author = {Haro-Perez, C. and Rojas-Ochoa, L. F. and Castaneda-Priego, R. and Quesada-Perez, M. and Callejas-Fernandez, J. and Hidalgo-Alvarez, R. and Trappe, V.},
	title = {Dynamic Arrest in Charged Colloidal Systems Exhibiting Large-Scale Structural Heterogeneities},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392163},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e018301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e018301},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3382
@article{lois0000percolation,

	author = {Lois, Gregg and Blawzdziewicz, Jerzy and O'Hern, Corey S.},
	title = {Percolation Model for Slow Dynamics in Glass-Forming Materials},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392162},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e015702},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e015702},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3383
@article{hansengoos0000fundamental,

	author = {Hansen-Goos, Hendrik and Mecke, Klaus},
	title = {Fundamental Measure Theory for Inhomogeneous Fluids of Nonspherical Hard Particles},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392161},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e018302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e018302},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3384
@article{furukawa0000anisotropic,

	author = {Furukawa, Akira and Kim, Kang and Saito, Shinji and Tanaka, Hajime},
	title = {Anisotropic Cooperative Structural Rearrangements in Sheared Supercooled Liquids},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392160},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e016001},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e016001},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3385
@article{heidenreich0000shearinduced,

	author = {Heidenreich, Sebastian and Hess, Siegfried and Klapp, Sabine H. L.},
	title = {Shear-Induced Dynamic Polarization and Mesoscopic Structure in Suspensions of Polar Nanorods},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392159},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e028301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e028301},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3386
@article{ceriotti0000langevin,

	author = {Ceriotti, Michele and Bussi, Giovanni and Parrinello, Michele},
	title = {Langevin Equation with Colored Noise for Constant-Temperature Molecular Dynamics Simulations},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392158},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e020601},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e020601},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3387
@article{benzi0000mesoscopic_1,

	author = {Benzi, Roberto and Chibbaro, Sergio and Succi, Sauro},
	title = {Mesoscopic Lattice Boltzmann Modeling of Flowing Soft Systems},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392157},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e026002},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v102/e026002},
	volume = {102},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3388
@article{richter0000america,

	author = {Richter, Burton and Goldston, David and Crabtree, George and Glicksman, Leon and Goldstein, David and Greene, David and Kammen, Dan and Levine, Mark and Lubell, Michael and Savitz, Maxine and Sperling, Daniel and Schlachter, Fred and Scofield, John and Dawson, James},
	title = {How America can look within to achieve energy security and reduce global warming},
	journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392156},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v80/pS1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, cell, electric, energy, fuel, heat, jin, lighting, resource, suns, transport, vehicle, warming},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v80/pS1},
	volume = {80},
	pages = {APS---109},

	keywords = {
		cell,
		electric,
		energy,
		fuel,
		heat,
		jin,
		lighting,
		resource,
		suns,
		transport,
		vehicle,
		warming,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3389
@article{alam2008universality_2,

	author = {Alam, Meheboob and Shukla, Priyanka and Luding, Stefan},
	title = {Universality of shear-banding instability and crystallization in sheared granular fluid},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2008},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392155},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022112008003832},
	doi = {10.1017/S0022112008003832},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022112008003832},
	volume = {615},
	pages = {-321},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3390
@article{lu2008thermodynamic,

	author = {Lu, Kevin and Brodsky, E. E. and Kavehpour, H. P.},
	title = {A thermodynamic unification of jamming},
	journal = {Nat Phys},
	year = {2008},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392154},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphys934},
	comment = {10.1038/nphys934},
	doi = {10.1038/nphys934},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphys934},
	volume = {4},
	pages = {Nature Publishing Group---407},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3391
@article{lu2007shearweakening,

	author = {Lu, Kevin and Brodsky, E. E. and Kavehpour, H. P.},
	title = {Shear-weakening of the transitional regime for granular flow},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2007},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392153},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022112007007331},
	doi = {10.1017/S0022112007007331},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022112007007331},
	volume = {587},
	pages = {-372},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3392
@article{schwager0000coefficient_1,

	author = {Schwager, Thomas and Poschel, Thorsten},
	title = {Coefficient of restitution for viscoelastic spheres: The effect of delayed recovery},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392151},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e051304},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, continuum, deformation, granular, impact, jin, material, mechanics, suns, viscoelasticity},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e051304},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {APS---12},

	keywords = {
		continuum,
		deformation,
		granular,
		impact,
		jin,
		material,
		mechanics,
		suns,
		viscoelasticity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3393
@article{lumay0000controlled,

	author = {Lumay, G. and Vandewalle, N.},
	title = {Controlled flow of smart powders},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392150},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e061302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, drop, flow, granular, jin, powder, rheology, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e061302},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		drop,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		powder,
		rheology,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3394
@article{richard0000rheology,

	author = {Richard, P. and Valance, A. and Metayer and Sanchez, P. and Crassous, J. and Louge, M. and Delannay, R.},
	title = {Rheology of Confined Granular Flows: Scale Invariance, Glass Transition, and Friction Weakening},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392149},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v101/e248002},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {24},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v101/e248002},
	volume = {101},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3395
@article{behringer0000granular,

	author = {Behringer, R. P. and Bi, Dapeng and Chakraborty, B. and Henkes, S. and Hartley, R. R.},
	title = {Why Do Granular Materials Stiffen with Shear Rate? Test of Novel Stress-Based Statistics},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392148},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v101/e268301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {26},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v101/e268301},
	volume = {101},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3396
@article{ketterhagen2007granular,

	author = {Ketterhagen, William R. and Curtis, Jennifer S. and Wassgren, Carl R. and Kong, Angela and Narayan, Padma J. and Hancock, Bruno C.},
	title = {Granular segregation in discharging cylindrical hoppers: A discrete element and experimental study},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {2007},

	abstract = {The segregation of granular materials due to differences in particle properties occurs during a variety of handling and transport processes, such as flow from a hopper. In the present work, the discrete element method (DEM) is used to investigate segregation of granular materials during discharge from a hopper. The effects of various particle properties and hopper geometries on the segregation of a spherical, bidisperse granular material during hopper discharge are studied. Particle contacts are modeled using a soft-particle model consisting of a hysteretic spring system and sliding friction. The effects of the particle diameter ratio, density ratio, fines mass fraction, hopper wall angle, hopper cross-sectional shape, and the initial fill conditions are investigated. These computational results are compared to those from a small experimental system with the same hopper dimensions and particle properties. The use of this small-scale system permits a novel, one-to-one comparison with the DEM model predictions for the purpose of model validation. The experiments utilize bidisperse glass spheres in a small, Plexiglas cylindrical hopper that is used in the ASTM International standard test for sifting segregation. Particles are discharged from either a [`]mass-flow' or [`]funnel-flow' hopper design and collected transiently in equal volumes until the hopper is empty. Analysis of the weight fractions of fine and coarse particles is conducted by sieving. A comparison of the computational and experimental results provides an indication of the model's success at predicting segregation during hopper discharge and the applicability of the DEM model to other granular flow systems.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392147},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2007.07.052},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4P9F3D4-3/2/5c93e4bdc2f2f802eb4895bc53583a1c},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ces.2007.07.052},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, aarons, dem, discrete, flow, granular, hopper, jin, jps, material, oois, particle, piv, powder, segregation, silo, suns},
	number = {22},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4P9F3D4-3/2/5c93e4bdc2f2f802eb4895bc53583a1c},
	volume = {62},
	pages = {-6439},

	keywords = {
		aarons,
		dem,
		discrete,
		flow,
		granular,
		hopper,
		jin,
		jps,
		material,
		oois,
		particle,
		piv,
		powder,
		segregation,
		silo,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3397
@article{ketterhagen2008modeling,

	author = {Ketterhagen, William R. and Curtis, Jennifer S. and Wassgren, Carl R. and Hancock, Bruno C.},
	title = {Modeling granular segregation in flow from quasi-three-dimensional, wedge-shaped hoppers},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {2008},

	abstract = {Granular materials may segregate upon processing and handling based on differences in particle properties such as size, density, or shape. In most instances, this segregation is problematic in that product quality is usually dependent on maintaining homogeneity of the blend. The present work investigates the causes and extent of segregation of granular materials during discharge from a hopper using the discrete element method. A quasi-three-dimensional, wedge-shaped hopper is modeled using two parallel periodic boundary conditions. The effects of various particle properties, such as diameter ratio, mean size, and mass fraction of each species, as well as hopper geometries, such as the height, width, outlet width, and wall angle, on the segregation results are examined. Additionally, the effects of friction coefficient and hopper fill methods are investigated. Results show that many factors affect the extent of segregation during hopper discharge, but some of the key factors include the particle diameter ratio, mass fraction, and ratio of hopper outlet to mean particle diameter as well as the hopper wall angle and wall roughness. Additionally, the method used to fill the hopper is shown to play a significant role in determining the segregation upon discharge. Visualization of the internal hopper flow patterns gives insight into the causes of segregation, which then aids in the proposal of various recommendations for reducing the extent of segregation during hopper discharge.},
	booktitle = {WCPT5 - Papers presented at the 5th World Conference of Particle Technology (WCPT5), Orlando, Florida, April 23-27 2006, 5th World Conference of Particle Technology (WCPT5)},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392146},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2007.06.023},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4P40KPR-1/2/51a713cd01d82c0d1682a5247ab9ca10},
	doi = {10.1016/j.powtec.2007.06.023},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, discharge, geometry, granular, hopper, jin, material, segregation, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4P40KPR-1/2/51a713cd01d82c0d1682a5247ab9ca10},
	volume = {179},
	pages = {-143},

	keywords = {
		discharge,
		geometry,
		granular,
		hopper,
		jin,
		material,
		segregation,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3398
@article{feng2004assessment,

	author = {Feng, Y. Q. and Yu, A. B.},
	title = {Assessment of Model Formulations in the Discrete Particle Simulation of Gas−Solid Flow},
	journal = {Industrial \& Engineering Chemistry Research},
	year = {2004},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392145},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie049387v},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie049387v},
	comment = {doi: 10.1021/ie049387v},
	doi = {10.1021/ie049387v},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {26},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie049387v},
	volume = {43},
	pages = {-8390},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3399
@article{shan0000discretization,

	author = {Shan, Xiaowen and He, Xiaoyi},
	title = {Discretization of the Velocity Space in the Solution of the Boltzmann Equation},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392144},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v80/p65},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {65+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v80/p65},
	volume = {80},
	pages = {65+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3400
@article{he0000priori,

	author = {He, Xiaoyi and Luo, Li-Shi},
	title = {A priori derivation of the lattice Boltzmann equation},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392143},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v55/pR6333},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	old_pages = {R6333+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v55/pR6333},
	volume = {55},
	pages = {R6333+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3401
@article{he0000theory,

	author = {He, Xiaoyi and Luo, Li-Shi},
	title = {Theory of the lattice Boltzmann method: From the Boltzmann equation to the lattice Boltzmann equation},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392142},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v56/p6811},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	old_pages = {6811+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v56/p6811},
	volume = {56},
	pages = {6811+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3402
@article{fingerle0000equation,

	author = {Fingerle, A. and Herminghaus, S.},
	title = {Equation of state of wet granular matter},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392141},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e011306},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, aggregation, capillary, granular, jin, material, point, segregation, suns, wetting},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e011306},
	volume = {77},
	pages = {011306},

	keywords = {
		aggregation,
		capillary,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		point,
		segregation,
		suns,
		wetting,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3403
@article{pachecomartinez0000storage,

	author = {Pacheco-Martinez, Hector and van Gerner, Henk J. and Ruiz-Suarez, J. C.},
	title = {Storage and discharge of a granular fluid},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392140},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e021303},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, flow, fluidization, granular, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e021303},
	volume = {77},
	pages = {APS---6},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		flow,
		fluidization,
		granular,
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3404
@article{baskaran0000transport,

	author = {Baskaran, Aparna and Dufty, James W. and Brey, Javier J.},
	title = {Transport coefficients for the hard-sphere granular fluid},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392139},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e031311},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, granular, hydrodynamics, jin, navierstokes, suns, transport},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e031311},
	volume = {77},
	pages = {APS---28},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		granular,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		navier, stokes,
		suns,
		transport,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3405
@article{dufty0000linear,

	author = {Dufty, James and Baskaran, Aparna and Brey, Javier J.},
	title = {Linear response and hydrodynamics for granular fluids},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392138},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e031310},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, granular, jin, liquid, matrix, mechanics, navierstokes, nonequilibrium, statistics, suns, transport},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:20},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e031310},
	volume = {77},
	pages = {APS---27},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		liquid,
		matrix,
		mechanics,
		navier, stokes,
		nonequilibrium,
		statistics,
		suns,
		transport,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3406
@article{gottschalk0000multiphase,

	author = {Gottschalk, Timo and Dehling, Herold G. and Hoffmann, Alex C.},
	title = {Multiphase stochastic model for fluidized beds},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392137},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e031306},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, bubble, chemical, fluidization, jin, reactor, stochastic, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:20},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e031306},
	volume = {77},
	pages = {APS---11},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		bubble,
		chemical,
		fluidization,
		jin,
		reactor,
		stochastic,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3407
@article{tighe0000nonlinear,

	author = {Tighe, Brian P. and Socolar, Joshua E. S.},
	title = {Nonlinear elastic stress response in granular packings},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392136},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e031303},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, grain, granular, jin, material, photoelasticity, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:20},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e031303},
	volume = {77},
	pages = {APS---16},

	keywords = {
		grain,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		photoelasticity,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3408
@article{andersson0000stress,

	author = {Andersson, R. and Bouwman, W. G. and Luding, S. and de Schepper, I. M.},
	title = {Stress, strain, and bulk microstructure in a cohesive powder},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392135},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e051303},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, compression, jin, neutron, powder, strength, stressstrain, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:20},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e051303},
	volume = {77},
	pages = {APS---8},

	keywords = {
		compression,
		jin,
		neutron,
		powder,
		strength,
		stress, strain,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3409
@article{tsukahara0000coupled,

	author = {Tsukahara, M. and Mitrovic, S. and Gajdosik, V. and Margaritondo, G. and Pournin, L. and Ramaioli, M. and Sage, D. and Hwu, Y. and Unser, M. and Liebling, Th},
	title = {Coupled tomography and distinct-element-method approach to exploring the granular media microstructure in a jamming hourglass},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392134},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e061306},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, chaos, flow, granular, jin, suns, tomography},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:20},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e061306},
	volume = {77},
	pages = {APS---11},

	keywords = {
		chaos,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		suns,
		tomography,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3410
@article{borzsonyi0000avalanche,

	author = {Borzsonyi, Tamas and Halsey, Thomas C. and Ecke, Robert E.},
	title = {Avalanche dynamics on a rough inclined plane},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392133},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e011306},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, granular, jin, material, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:20},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e011306},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {APS---15},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3411
@article{berzi0000approximate,

	author = {Berzi, Diego and Jenkins, James T.},
	title = {Approximate analytical solutions in a model for highly concentrated granular-fluid flows},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392132},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e011304},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, drag, flow, fluidization, granular, jin, rheology, suns, viscosity},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:20},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e011304},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {APS---10},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		drag,
		flow,
		fluidization,
		granular,
		jin,
		rheology,
		suns,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3412
@article{carvente0000selfassembling,

	author = {Carvente, O. and Ruiz-Suarez, J. C.},
	title = {Self-assembling of dry and cohesive non-Brownian spheres},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392131},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e011302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, compaction, granular, jin, material, polymorphism, selforganisation, suns, vibration},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:20},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e011302},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {APS---7},

	keywords = {
		compaction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		polymorphism,
		selforganisation,
		suns,
		vibration,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3413
@article{garcia0000strongweak,

	author = {Garcia, Xavier and Medina, Ernesto},
	title = {Strong-weak network anisotropy switching and hysteresis in three-dimensional granular materials},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392130},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e021305},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, elasticity, flow, friction, granular, graph, hysteresis, internal, jin, material, network, slip, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:20},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e021305},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {APS---6},

	keywords = {
		elasticity,
		flow,
		friction,
		granular,
		graph,
		hysteresis,
		internal,
		jin,
		material,
		network,
		slip,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3414
@article{estrada0000shear,

	author = {Estrada, Nicolas and Taboada, Alfredo and Radjai, Farhang},
	title = {Shear strength and force transmission in granular media with rolling resistance},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392129},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e021301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, contact, friction, granular, jin, material, mechanics, shear, strength, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e021301},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {APS---11},

	keywords = {
		contact,
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		mechanics,
		shear,
		strength,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3415
@article{gilabert0000computer_1,

	author = {Gilabert, F. A. and Roux and Castellanos, A.},
	title = {Computer simulation of model cohesive powders: Plastic consolidation, structural changes, and elasticity under isotropic loads},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392128},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e031305},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, adhesion, deformation, elasticity, fractal, jin, modulus, plastic, plasticity, powder, solid, suns, void},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e031305},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {APS---21},

	keywords = {
		adhesion,
		deformation,
		elasticity,
		fractal,
		jin,
		modulus,
		plastic,
		plasticity,
		powder,
		solid,
		suns,
		void,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3416
@article{aranson0000nonlocal,

	author = {Aranson, Igor S. and Tsimring, Lev S. and Malloggi, Florent and Clement, Eric},
	title = {Nonlocal rheological properties of granular flows near a jamming limit},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392127},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e031303},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, flow, fluid, granular, jin, rheology, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e031303},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {APS---14},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		flow,
		fluid,
		granular,
		jin,
		rheology,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3417
@article{godoy0000rise,

	author = {Godoy, Sergio and Risso, Dino and Soto, Rodrigo and Cordero, Patricio},
	title = {Rise of a Brazil nut: A transition line},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392126},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e031301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, flow, granular, jin, material, molecule, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e031301},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {APS---6},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		molecule,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3418
@article{higgs0000experimental,

	author = {Higgs, Venkata J. and {III}},
	title = {Experimental study of granular flows in a rough annular shear cell},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392125},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e041306},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, granular, jin, shear, slip, suns, velocity},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e041306},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {APS---8},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		shear,
		slip,
		suns,
		velocity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3419
@article{peyneau0000solidlike,

	author = {Peyneau, Pierre-Emmanuel and Roux, Jean-Noel},
	title = {Solidlike behavior and anisotropy in rigid frictionless bead assemblies},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392124},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e041307},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, compression, elasticity, jin, micromechanics, modulus, strength, stressstrain, suns, yield},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e041307},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {APS---13},

	keywords = {
		compression,
		elasticity,
		jin,
		micromechanics,
		modulus,
		strength,
		stress, strain,
		suns,
		yield,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3420
@article{suiker0000modeling,

	author = {Suiker, Akke S. J. and Chang, Ching S.},
	title = {Modeling Failure and Deformation of an Assembly of Spheres with Frictional Contacts},
	journal = {Journal of Engineering Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392123},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?QEM/130/283/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, continuum, deformation, failure, friction, granular, jin, material, mechanics, model, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?QEM/130/283/1},
	volume = {130},
	pages = {ASCE---293},

	keywords = {
		continuum,
		deformation,
		failure,
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		mechanics,
		model,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3421
@article{kadanoff0000built,

	author = {Kadanoff, Leo P.},
	title = {Built upon sand: Theoretical ideas inspired by granular flows},
	journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392120},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v71/p435},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {435+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v71/p435},
	volume = {71},
	pages = {435+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3422
@article{cox0000coulombmohr,

	author = {Cox, Grant M. and Thamwattana, Ngamta and McCue, Scott W. and Hill, James M.},
	title = {Coulomb--Mohr Granular Materials: Quasi-static Flows and the Highly Frictional Limit},
	journal = {Applied Mechanics Reviews},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392119},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?AMR/61/060802/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, friction, granular, internal, jin, material, shear, stressstrain, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?AMR/61/060802/1},
	volume = {61},
	pages = {ASME---23},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		friction,
		granular,
		internal,
		jin,
		material,
		shear,
		stress, strain,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3423
@article{yang2008numerical,

	author = {Yang, R. Y. and Yu, A. B. and McElroy, L. and Bao, J.},
	title = {Numerical simulation of particle dynamics in different flow regimes in a rotating drum},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {2008},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392118},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2008.04.081},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4SDX2V6-1/2/4236b151e70621a1a8a74270ff55ab78},
	doi = {10.1016/j.powtec.2008.04.081},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, discrete, drum, flow, granular, jin, regime, rotation, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4SDX2V6-1/2/4236b151e70621a1a8a74270ff55ab78},
	volume = {188},
	pages = {-177},

	keywords = {
		discrete,
		drum,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		regime,
		rotation,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3424
@article{kruggelemden2008study,

	author = {Kruggel-Emden, H. and Rickelt, S. and Wirtz, S. and Scherer, V.},
	title = {A study on the validity of the multi-sphere Discrete Element Method},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {2008},

	abstract = {Granular materials in industrial applications or nature usually consist of a wide variety of differently formed particles. Very often the shape of the involved objects does not even reveal any symmetry. For the simulation of these particle systems the Discrete Element Method based on spherical or symmetric shaped particles like ellipses/ellipsoids or superquadrics is therefore inadequate. A numerical implementation addressing this problem was found by introducing particles clustered from simpler geometries like spheres. Based on this approach, known as the multi-sphere method, it is possible to ensure computational efficiency for contact detection and force calculation on the one hand, but also allow a suitable representation of shape on the other hand. Today this approach is implemented in several commercial DEM-packages. However, studies on the validity of this approach have only been performed in limited cases. To address this situation, an experimental study performed by Gorham and Kharaz [D.A. Gorham, A.H. Kharaz, The measurement of particle rebound characteristics, Powder Technology 112 (3), 193-202 (2000)] is modeled using the multi-sphere approach. The spherical aluminum oxide particle used in the investigation is approximated by a number of smaller spherical bodies. Macroscopic collision properties are calculated and compared to experimental and numerical results obtained for a rigid spherical particle.Graphical abstract Granular materials in industrial applications or nature usually consist of a wide variety of differently formed particles. An efficient numerical implementation for DEM was found by introducing particles clustered from simpler geometries like spheres. Based on this approach, known as the multi-sphere method, it is possible to ensure computational efficiency for contact detection and force calculation on the one hand, but also allow a suitable representation of shape on the other hand. Today this approach is implemented in several commercial DEM-packages. However, studies on the validity of this approach have only been performed in limited cases. To address this situation, an experimental study performed by Gorham and Kharaz [D.A. Gorham, A.H. Kharaz, The measurement of particle rebound characteristics, Powder Technology 112 (3), 193-202 (2000).] is modeled using the multi-sphere approach. The spherical aluminum oxide particle used in the investigation is approximated by a number of smaller spherical bodies. Macroscopic collision properties are calculated and compared to experimental and numerical results obtained for a rigid spherical particle.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392117},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2008.04.037},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4SC78T8-2/2/5e931718273ef06b6240ce3fa2602c79},
	doi = {10.1016/j.powtec.2008.04.037},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, collision, discrete, jin, model, multibody, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4SC78T8-2/2/5e931718273ef06b6240ce3fa2602c79},
	volume = {188},
	pages = {-165},

	keywords = {
		collision,
		discrete,
		jin,
		model,
		multibody,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3425
@article{sun1992effect,

	author = {Sun, Guanglin and Grace, John R.},
	title = {Effect of particle size distribution in different fluidization regimes},
	journal = {AIChE Journal},
	year = {1992},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392116},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690380508},
	doi = {10.1002/aic.690380508},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	old_pages = {722},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690380508},
	volume = {38},
	pages = {722},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3426
@article{fan0000application,

	author = {Fan, Rong and Marchisio, Daniele L. and Fox, Rodney O.},
	title = {Application of the direct quadrature method of moments to polydisperse gas-solid fluidized beds},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Most of today's computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculations for gas-solid flows are carried out assuming that the solid phase is monodispersed, whereas it is well known that in many applications, it is characterized by a particle size distribution (PSD). In order to properly model the evolution of a polydisperse solid phase, the population balance equation (PBE) must be coupled to the continuity and momentum balance equations. In this work, the recently formulated direct quadrature method of moments (DQMOM) is implemented in a multi-fluid CFD code to simulate particle aggregation and breakage in a fluidized-bed (FB) reactor. DQMOM is implemented in the code by representing each node of the quadrature approximation as a distinct solid phase. Since in the multi-fluid model, each solid phase has its own momentum balance, the nodes of the DQMOM approximation are convected with their own velocities. This represents an important improvement with respect to the quadrature method of moments (QMOM) where the moments are tracked using an average solid velocity. Two different aggregation and breakage kernels are tested and the performance of the DQMOM approximation with different numbers of nodes are compared. These results show that the approach is very effective in modeling solid segregation and elutriation and in tracking the evolution of the PSD, even though it requires only a small number of scalars.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392115},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4B4HC5G-2/2/6ed9ac8c59d22e8ab08f0ba736f181e4},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, aggregation, balance, bed, breakage, dqmom, fluidization, jin, population, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4B4HC5G-2/2/6ed9ac8c59d22e8ab08f0ba736f181e4},
	volume = {139},
	pages = {-20},

	keywords = {
		aggregation,
		balance,
		bed,
		breakage,
		dqmom,
		fluidization,
		jin,
		population,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3427
@incollection{rumpf0000strength,

	author = {Rumpf, H.},
	title = {The strength of granules and agglomerate},
	booktitle = {EMPTY},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392114},
	editor = {Knepper, William A.},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	old_pages = {Interscience+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Interscience+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3428
@book{berendsen0000simulating,

	author = {Berendsen, Herman J. C.},
	title = {Simulating the physical world: hierarchical modeling from quantum mechanics to fluid dynamics chapter 9 10/20/2008 Delete},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392113},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Cambridge University Press+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3429
@article{feng2004discrete,

	author = {Feng, Y. Q. and Xu, B. H. and Zhang, S. J. and Yu, A. B. and Zulli, P.},
	title = {Discrete particle simulation of gas fluidization of particle mixtures},
	journal = {AIChE Journal},
	year = {2004},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392112},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.10169},
	doi = {10.1002/aic.10169},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {8},
	old_pages = {1728},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.10169},
	volume = {50},
	pages = {1728},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3430
@article{stewart0000simulated,

	author = {Stewart, R. L. and Bridgwater, J. and Zhou, Y. C. and Yu, A. B.},
	title = {Simulated and measured flow of granules in a bladed mixer---a detailed comparison},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Experimental measurements and simulations of a granular flow system have been compared in detail. Positron emission particle tracking (PEPT) was used to study the motion of glass beads in a vertical axis mixer with slowly rotating flat blades. Unlike conventional techniques which are restricted to measuring the flow at the surface or a transparent wall, PEPT revealed the motion of material throughout the entire bed. The flow produced was three dimensional with vortices, and is more complicated than other granular flows that have been described previously. Discrete element method (DEM) was employed to simulate the same system using various sets of parameters for the bed material. As there are extensive three-dimensional flow data from both the experiment and the simulations, it has been possible to make comprehensive quantitative comparisons. This enabled the accuracy of the sets of assumptions for the DEM simulations to be examined. The simulations predicted the overall motion of the bed well. However no one set of assumptions was best, but that different sets predicted the detailed motion more accurately in different parts of the bed. None the less, it is evident that DEM models can now be used with some confidence to explore mixer design and performance.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392111},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-441VXTD-4/2/ce91cf46bcf9bd4027bffb2d423b805e},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dem, granular, jin, material, mixing, oois, suns},
	number = {19},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-441VXTD-4/2/ce91cf46bcf9bd4027bffb2d423b805e},
	volume = {56},

	keywords = {
		dem,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		mixing,
		oois,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_UNMATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3431
@article{zhou0000rolling_1,

	author = {Zhou, Y. C. and Wright, B. D. and Yang, R. Y. and Xu, B. H. and Yu, A. B.},
	title = {Rolling friction in the dynamic simulation of sandpile formation},
	journal = {Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The contact between spheres results in a rolling resistance due to elastic hysteresis losses or viscous dissipation. This resistance is shown to be important in the three-dimensional dynamic simulation of the formation of a heap of spheres. The implementation of a rolling friction model can avoid arbitrary treatments or unnecessary assumptions, and its validity is confirmed by the good agreement between the simulated and experimental results under comparable conditions. Numerical results suggest that the angle of repose increases significantly with the rolling friction coefficient and decreases with particle size.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392110},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-3X4W950-13/2/60c202988755b4969feb6be5c32203b1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, compaction, dynamics, flow, granular, jin, kinematics, mixing, particle, sandpile, segregation, static, stratification, suns},
	number = {2-4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-3X4W950-13/2/60c202988755b4969feb6be5c32203b1},
	volume = {269},
	pages = {-553},

	keywords = {
		compaction,
		dynamics,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		kinematics,
		mixing,
		particle,
		sand, pile,
		segregation,
		static,
		stratification,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3432
@article{tardos0000critical,

	author = {Tardos, Gabriel I. and Khan, M. Irfan and Mort, Paul R.},
	title = {Critical parameters and limiting conditions in binder granulation of fine powders},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The goal of this work is to present a general theoretical and practical framework of binder granulation that takes an agglomeration process from binder selection and testing to granule formation, growth and consolidation and finally to granule deformation and breakup. For agglomeration and granule growth to commence at all, a certain minimum amount of binder has to be introduced in the granulator and this has to be determined carefully. This paper presents special instrumentation and procedures for binder selection. In granulation processes such as detergents and pharmaceutical products, both the powders to be agglomerated and the binders are defined by the formulation and, usually, little liberty is given to alter the chemistry. Binder [`]selection' in this case is practically reduced to adjusting the properties of the binder using small amounts of additives such as surfactants, polymeric compounds and small amounts of liquids and tailoring the binder to exhibit specific behavior. This allows fine-tuning of binder properties that include surface wetting, spreading, adsorption, binder strengthening and solid bridge strength. The bulk of the present work is dedicated to the theory of growth kinetics during granulation and the prediction of critical sizes which delimit different regimes of granulation. Several dimensionless parameters based on energy dissipation principles are presented and examples given about how these parameters and the critical sizes they define can be used to predict the outcome of granulation and the scale-up of the process. The above theoretical framework is then tested with experimental data from the literature and with granulation results obtained by the present authors using a specially constructed constant-shear granulator based on the principles of a Couette viscometer. A theory of consolidation of formed granules is also given and additional experimental support from the literature is presented.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392109},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-3SFVB4M-T/2/772397eeb360a4b1c2f7003458746dbd},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, agglomerate, binder, granular, jin, micromechanics, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-3SFVB4M-T/2/772397eeb360a4b1c2f7003458746dbd},
	volume = {94},
	pages = {-258},

	keywords = {
		agglomerate,
		binder,
		granular,
		jin,
		micromechanics,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3433
@article{kevrekidis2004equationfree,

	author = {Kevrekidis, Ioannis G. and Gear, C. William and Hummer, Gerhard},
	title = {Equation-free: The computer-aided analysis of complex multiscale systems},
	journal = {AIChE Journal},
	year = {2004},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392108},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.10106},
	doi = {10.1002/aic.10106},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {7},
	old_pages = {1355},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.10106},
	volume = {50},
	pages = {1355},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3434
@article{bird2004five,

	author = {Bird, R. Byron},
	title = {Five decades of transport phenomena},
	journal = {AIChE Journal},
	year = {2004},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392107},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.10026},
	doi = {10.1002/aic.10026},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {287},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.10026},
	volume = {50},
	pages = {287},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3435
@article{ramkrishna2004mathematics,

	author = {Ramkrishna, Doraiswami and Amundson, Neal R.},
	title = {Mathematics in chemical engineering: A 50 year introspection},
	journal = {AIChE Journal},
	year = {2004},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392106},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.10002},
	doi = {10.1002/aic.10002},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {23},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.10002},
	volume = {50},
	pages = {23},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3436
@article{aich2004most,

	author = {AICh, E.},
	title = {The 100 most cited articles in AIChE Journal history},
	journal = {AIChE Journal},
	year = {2004},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392105},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.10001},
	doi = {10.1002/aic.10001},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.10001},
	volume = {50},
	pages = {6},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3437
@article{gerritsen0000analysis,

	author = {Gerritsen, Margot and Kreiss, Gunilla and Blumenfeld, Raphael},
	title = {Analysis of stresses in two-dimensional isostatic granular systems},
	journal = {Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We analyze a recently proposed continuous model for stress fields that develop in two-dimensional purely isostatic granular systems. We present a reformulation of the field equations, as a linear first-order hyperbolic system, and show that it is very convenient both for analysis and for numerical computations. Our analysis allows us to predict quantitatively the formation and directions of stress paths and, from these, trajectories and magnitudes of force chains, given the structure in terms of a particular fabric tensor. We further predict quantitatively changes of stresses along the paths, as well as leakage and branching of stress from the main paths into the cones that they make in terms of the fabric tensor. Numerical computations in both Cartesian and cylindrical coordinates verify the analytic results and illustrate the rich behavior discovered. All the phenomena predicted by our solutions have been observed experimentally, suggesting that stresses in isostatic systems can form a base model for a more developed stress theory in granular materials.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392104},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-4SYTC7Y-1/2/3b86dc186e6e99933ac8b5d5553d8b71},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, chain, force, granular, isostaticity, jin, stress, suns},
	number = {25},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-4SYTC7Y-1/2/3b86dc186e6e99933ac8b5d5553d8b71},
	volume = {387},
	pages = {-6276},

	keywords = {
		chain,
		force,
		granular,
		isostaticity,
		jin,
		stress,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3438
@article{evans0000fluctuation,

	author = {Evans, Denis J. and Hoover, William G. and Ladd, Anthony J. C.},
	title = {Fluctuation Expressions for Nonequilibrium Distribution Functions in Adiabatic Flows},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392103},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v45/p124},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {124+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v45/p124},
	volume = {45},
	pages = {124+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3439
@article{hoover0000lennardjones,

	author = {Hoover, William G. and Evans, Denis J. and Hickman, Richard B. and Ladd, Anthony J. C. and Ashurst, William T. and Moran, Bill},
	title = {Lennard-Jones triple-point bulk and shear viscosities. Green-Kubo theory, Hamiltonian mechanics, and nonequilibrium molecular dynamics},
	journal = {Physical Review A},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392102},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRA/v22/p1690},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	old_pages = {1690+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRA/v22/p1690},
	volume = {22},
	pages = {1690+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3440
@article{zhang0000jamming,

	author = {Zhang, H. P. and Makse, H. A.},
	title = {Jamming transition in emulsions and granular materials},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392101},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e011301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, emulsion, friction, granular, jin, material, molecule, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e011301},
	volume = {72},
	pages = {APS---12},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		emulsion,
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		molecule,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3441
@article{lois0000spatial_1,

	author = {Lois, Gregg and Lemaitre, Anael and Carlson, Jean M.},
	title = {Spatial force correlations in granular shear flow. I. Numerical evidence},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392100},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e021302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, density, flow, granular, jin, shear, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e021302},
	volume = {76},
	pages = {APS---12},

	keywords = {
		density,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3442
@article{lois0000spatial_2,

	author = {Lois, Gregg and Lemaitre, Anael and Carlson, Jean M.},
	title = {Spatial force correlations in granular shear flow. II. Theoretical implications},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392099},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e021303},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, elasticity, flow, granular, jin, material, shear, suns, wave},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e021303},
	volume = {76},
	pages = {APS---14},

	keywords = {
		elasticity,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		shear,
		suns,
		wave,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3443
@article{silbert0000vibrations,

	author = {Silbert, Leonardo E. and Liu, Andrea J. and Nagel, Sidney R.},
	title = {Vibrations and Diverging Length Scales Near the Unjamming Transition},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392098},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v95/e098301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {9},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v95/e098301},
	volume = {95},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3444
@article{wyart0000geometric,

	author = {Wyart, M. and Nagel, S. R. and Witten, T. A.},
	title = {Geometric origin of excess low-frequency vibrational modes in weakly connected amorphous solids},
	journal = {EPL (Europhysics Letters)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Glasses have an excess number of low-frequency vibrational modes in comparison with most crystalline solids. We show that such a feature necessarily occurs in solids with low coordination. In particular, we analyze the density D(o) of normal-mode frequencies o and the nature of the low-frequency normal modes of a recently simulated system (O'Hern C., Silbert L. E., Liu A. J. and Nagel S. R., Phys. Rev. E, 68 (2003) 011306) comprised of weakly compressed spheres at zero temperature. We account for the observed a) convergence of D(o) toward a non-zero constant as the frequency goes to zero, b) appearance of a low-frequency cutoff o*, and c) power law increase of o* with compression. We introduce a length scale l* which characterizes the vibrational modes that appear at o*.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392096},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, hardcopyluding, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {72},
	pages = {-492},

	keywords = {
		hardcopyluding,
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3445
@article{wyart0000effects,

	author = {Wyart, Matthieu and Silbert, Leonardo E. and Nagel, Sidney R. and Witten, Thomas A.},
	title = {Effects of compression on the vibrational modes of marginally jammed solids},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392095},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e051306},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, compression, cooling, glass, jin, mode, modulus, shear, structure, suns, vibration},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e051306},
	volume = {72},
	pages = {APS---11},

	keywords = {
		compression,
		cooling,
		glass,
		jin,
		mode,
		modulus,
		shear,
		structure,
		suns,
		vibration,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3446
@article{lois0000force,

	author = {Lois, G. and Carlson, J. M.},
	title = {Force networks and the dynamic approach to jamming in sheared granular media},
	journal = {EPL (Europhysics Letters)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Diverging correlation lengths on either side of the jamming transition are used to formulate a rheological model of granular shear flow, based on the propagation of stress through force chain networks. The model predicts three distinct flow regimes, characterized by the shear rate dependence of the stress tensor, that have been observed in both simulations and experiments. The boundaries separating the flow regimes are quantitatively determined and testable. In the limit of jammed granular solids, the model predicts the observed anomalous scaling of the shear modulus and a new relation for the shear strain at yield.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392094},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {80},
	pages = {58001--1--5},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3447
@article{abate0000approach,

	author = {Abate, A. R. and Durian, D. J.},
	title = {Approach to jamming in an air-fluidized granular bed},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392093},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e031308},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, ballistic, bed, diffusion, flow, fluidization, glass, granular, jin, steel, suns, transition, transport},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e031308},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---12},

	keywords = {
		ballistic,
		bed,
		diffusion,
		flow,
		fluidization,
		glass,
		granular,
		jin,
		steel,
		suns,
		transition,
		transport,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3448
@article{silbert0000structural,

	author = {Silbert, Leonardo E. and Liu, Andrea J. and Nagel, Sidney R.},
	title = {Structural signatures of the unjamming transition at zero temperature},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392092},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e041304},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, glass, granular, jin, material, structure, suns, transition},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e041304},
	volume = {73},
	pages = {APS---8},

	keywords = {
		glass,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		structure,
		suns,
		transition,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3449
@article{witten0000soft,

	author = {Witten, T. A.},
	title = {How soft matter correlates: three examples},
	journal = {Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This essay proposes a generalization of the notion of soft matter beyond the structured fluids such as polymer solutions extensively developed by Professor Sch\&\#228;fer.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392091},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {20},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {17},
	pages = {-S1658},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3450
@article{coniglio0000statistical,

	author = {Coniglio, A. and Fierro, A. and Nicodemi, M. and Ciamarra, M. Pica and Tarzia, M.},
	title = {Statistical mechanics of dense granular media},
	journal = {Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We discuss some recent results on the statistical mechanics approach to dense granular media. In particular, by analytical mean field investigation we derive the phase diagram of monodisperse and bidisperse granular assemblies. We show that 'jamming' corresponds to a phase transition from a 'fluid' to a 'glassy' phase, observed when crystallization is avoided. The nature of such a 'glassy' phase turns out to be the same as found in mean field models for glass formers. This gives quantitative evidence for the idea of a unified description of the 'jamming' transition in granular media and thermal systems, such as glasses. We also discuss mixing/segregation transitions in binary mixtures and their connections to phase separation and 'geometric' effects.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392090},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://stacks.iop.org/0953-8984/17/S2557},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {24},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0953-8984/17/S2557},
	volume = {17},
	pages = {S2572},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3451
@article{head0000meanfield,

	author = {Head, D. A.},
	title = {Mean-field description of jamming in noncohesive frictionless particulate systems},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392089},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e021303},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, buckling, granular, jin, material, modulus, phase, shear, suns, transformation},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {APS+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e021303},
	volume = {72},
	pages = {APS+},

	keywords = {
		buckling,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		modulus,
		phase,
		shear,
		suns,
		transformation,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3452
@article{xu0000stabilization,

	author = {Xu, Ning and O'Hern, Corey S. and Kondic, Lou},
	title = {Stabilization of nonlinear velocity profiles in athermal systems undergoing planar shear flow},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392088},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e041504},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boundary, dynamics, flow, fluid, friction, granular, jin, layer, material, molecule, nonnewtonian, shear, suns},
	number = {4},
	old_pages = {APS+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e041504},
	volume = {72},
	pages = {APS+},

	keywords = {
		boundary,
		dynamics,
		flow,
		fluid,
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		layer,
		material,
		molecule,
		nonnewtonian,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3453
@article{didonna0000nonaffine,

	author = {DiDonna, B. A. and Lubensky, T. C.},
	title = {Nonaffine correlations in random elastic media},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392087},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e066619},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, elasticity, jin, modulus, random, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e066619},
	volume = {72},
	pages = {APS---23},

	keywords = {
		elasticity,
		jin,
		modulus,
		random,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3454
@article{lemaitre2006rules,

	author = {Lema\^{i}tre, Ana\"{e}l and Maloney, Craig},
	title = {Sum Rules for the Quasi-Static and Visco-Elastic Response of Disordered Solids at Zero Temperature},
	journal = {Journal of Statistical Physics},
	year = {2006},

	abstract = {Abstract\~{}\\~{}We study exact results concerning the non-affine displacement fields observed by Tanguy et al. \\$[\\$Europhys. Lett. 57, 423 (2002), Phys. Rev. B 66, 174205 (2002)\\$]\\$ and their contributions to elasticity. A normal mode analysis permits us to estimate the dominant contributions to the non-affine corrections to elasticity and relate these corrections to the correlator of a fluctuating force field. We extend this analysis to the visco-elastic dynamical response of the system.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392086},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10955-005-9015-5},
	doi = {10.1007/s10955-005-9015-5},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10955-005-9015-5},
	volume = {123},
	pages = {-453},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3455
@article{xu0000measurements,

	author = {Xu, Ning and O'Hern, Corey S.},
	title = {Measurements of the yield stress in frictionless granular systems},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392085},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e061303},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, flow, granular, jin, material, molecule, shear, stress, suns, yield},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e061303},
	volume = {73},
	pages = {APS---7},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		molecule,
		shear,
		stress,
		suns,
		yield,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3456
@article{maloney0000correlations,

	author = {Maloney, C. E.},
	title = {Correlations in the Elastic Response of Dense Random Packings},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392084},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v97/e035503},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v97/e035503},
	volume = {97},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3457
@article{ohern0000random,

	author = {O'Hern, Corey S. and Langer, Stephen A. and Liu, Andrea J. and Nagel, Sidney R.},
	title = {Random Packings of Frictionless Particles},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392083},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v88/e075507},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {7},
	old_pages = {075507+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v88/e075507},
	volume = {88},
	pages = {075507+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3458
@article{donev0000pair,

	author = {Donev, Aleksandar and Torquato, Salvatore and Stillinger, Frank H.},
	title = {Pair correlation function characteristics of nearly jammed disordered and ordered hard-sphere packings},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392082},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v71/e011105},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v71/e011105},
	volume = {71},
	pages = {APS---14},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3459
@article{fazekas0000critical,

	author = {Fazekas, S. and Torok, J. and Kertesz, J.},
	title = {Critical packing in granular shear bands},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392081},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e011302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, deformation, friction, granular, jin, material, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e011302},
	volume = {75},
	pages = {APS---7},

	keywords = {
		deformation,
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3460
@article{donev0000underconstrained,

	author = {Donev, Aleksandar and Connelly, Robert and Stillinger, Frank H. and Torquato, Salvatore},
	title = {Underconstrained jammed packings of nonspherical hard particles: Ellipses and ellipsoids},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392080},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e051304},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, jin, liquid, molecule, structure, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e051304},
	volume = {75},
	pages = {APS---32},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		jin,
		liquid,
		molecule,
		structure,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3461
@article{agnolin0000internal,

	author = {Agnolin, Ivana and Roux, Jean-Noel},
	title = {Internal states of model isotropic granular packings. III. Elastic properties},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392079},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e061304},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, contact, elasticity, granular, jin, material, mechanics, modulus, shear, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e061304},
	volume = {76},
	pages = {APS---22},

	keywords = {
		contact,
		elasticity,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		mechanics,
		modulus,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3462
@article{henkes0000jamming,

	author = {Henkes, Silke and Chakraborty, Bulbul},
	title = {Jamming as a Critical Phenomenon: A Field Theory of Zero-Temperature Grain Packings},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392078},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v95/e198002},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, fluctuation, glass, granular, jin, material, point, suns, transition},
	number = {19},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v95/e198002},
	volume = {95},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		fluctuation,
		glass,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		point,
		suns,
		transition,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3463
@article{majmudar0000jamming,

	author = {Majmudar, T. S. and Sperl, M. and Luding, S. and Behringer, R. P.},
	title = {Jamming Transition in Granular Systems},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392077},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v98/e058001},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v98/e058001},
	volume = {98},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3464
@article{henkes0000entropy,

	author = {Henkes, Silke and O'Hern, Corey S. and Chakraborty, Bulbul},
	title = {Entropy and Temperature of a Static Granular Assembly: An Ab Initio Approach},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392076},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v99/e038002},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v99/e038002},
	volume = {99},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3465
@article{kamien0000random,

	author = {Kamien, Randall D. and Liu, Andrea J.},
	title = {Why is Random Close Packing Reproducible?},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392075},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v99/e155501},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, colloid, jin, suns, suspension},
	number = {15},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v99/e155501},
	volume = {99},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		colloid,
		jin,
		suns,
		suspension,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3466
@article{olsson0000critical,

	author = {Olsson, Peter and Teitel, S.},
	title = {Critical Scaling of Shear Viscosity at the Jamming Transition},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392074},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v99/e178001},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {17},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v99/e178001},
	volume = {99},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3467
@article{jerkins0000onset,

	author = {Jerkins, Melissa and Schroter, Matthias and Swinney, Harry L. and Senden, Tim J. and Saadatfar, Mohammad and Aste, Tomaso},
	title = {Onset of Mechanical Stability in Random Packings of Frictional Spheres},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392073},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v101/e018301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v101/e018301},
	volume = {101},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3468
@article{peyneau0000frictionless,

	author = {Peyneau, Pierre-Emmanuel and Roux, Jean-Noel},
	title = {Frictionless bead packs have macroscopic friction, but no dilatancy},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392072},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e011307},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, friction, granular, internal, jin, rheology, shear, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e011307},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {APS---17},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		friction,
		granular,
		internal,
		jin,
		rheology,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3469
@article{aharonov0000rigidity,

	author = {Aharonov, Einat and Sparks, David},
	title = {Rigidity phase transition in granular packings},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392071},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v60/p6890},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	old_pages = {6890+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:18},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v60/p6890},
	volume = {60},
	pages = {6890+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3470
@article{ohern0000jamming,

	author = {O'Hern, Corey S. and Silbert, Leonardo E. and Liu, Andrea J. and Nagel, Sidney R.},
	title = {Jamming at zero temperature and zero applied stress: The epitome of disorder},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392070},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v68/e011306},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v68/e011306},
	volume = {68},
	pages = {011306--1--19},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3471
@article{mindlin0000compliance,

	author = {Mindlin, R. D.},
	title = {Compliance of Elastic bodies in contact},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392069},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {16},
	pages = {-268},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3472
@article{mindlin0000elastic,

	author = {Mindlin, R. D. and Deresiewica, H.},
	title = {Elastic spheres in contact under varying oblique forces},
	journal = {Journal of applied mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392068},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {20},
	pages = {-344},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3473
@article{pitman0000stability,

	author = {Pitman, E. Bruce},
	title = {The Stability of Granular Flow in Converging Hoppers},
	journal = {SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392067},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?SMM/48/1033/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, jin, material, stability, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?SMM/48/1033/1},
	volume = {48},
	pages = {SIAM---1053},

	keywords = {
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		stability,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3474
@article{gremaud0000numerical_1,

	author = {Gremaud, Pierre A.},
	title = {Numerical issues in plasticity models for granular materials},
	journal = {Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Friction plays a fundamental role in the mechanics of granular materials. Two problems are considered: (i) heap formation and (ii) granular flow. Both problems admit closely related mathematical models. In each case, analytical and numerical difficulties are discussed. Efficient and reliable numerical methods are proposed and implemented. The results are illustrated by several computational experiments.},
	booktitle = {Modeling and Simulation of Geophysical Mass Flows},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392066},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VCS-4D99CNV-1/2/71bc7a8621602bbe8d74a0710206c812},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, formation, granular, heap, jin, material, numeric, plasticity, suns},
	number = {1-2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VCS-4D99CNV-1/2/71bc7a8621602bbe8d74a0710206c812},
	volume = {139},
	pages = {-31},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		formation,
		granular,
		heap,
		jin,
		material,
		numeric,
		plasticity,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3475
@article{pemberton0000flow,

	author = {Pemberton, C. S.},
	title = {Flow of imponderable granular materials in wedge-shaped channels},
	journal = {Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Steady radial flow of an isotropic, cohesive and frictional, non-hardening rigid/plastic solid through a rough wedge-shaped channel under conditions of plane strain is considered; the weight of the material is neglected. The stresses are assumed to satisfy the Coulomb-Mohr yield condition in plastic flow, and the velocity equations used are those proposed by Spencer (1964) based on the assumptions of material incompressibility and the postulate that deformation occurs by shear along the characteristic curves of the stress equations. General stress and velocity solutions are presented. It is shown that the assumption of a Coulomb law of friction at the walls of the channel is incompatible with conditions for radial flow unless the material is cohesionless. Some stress and velocity distributions for cohesionless materials are calculated.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392065},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-46G4YNV-8G/2/71a6d6881a877ebd0e6c3d75ad3f6970},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-46G4YNV-8G/2/71a6d6881a877ebd0e6c3d75ad3f6970},
	volume = {13},
	pages = {-360},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3476
@article{ennis0000microlevelbased,

	author = {Ennis, Bryan J. and Tardos, Gabriel and Pfeffer, Robert},
	title = {A microlevel-based characterization of granulation phenomena},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Past granulation research has been essentially restricted to a macroscopic study of the impact of operating variables on granule morphology. While fundamental groundwork regarding agglomeration forces has been laid by pioneers such as Rumpf, little progress towards ana priori characterization of microlevel phenomena in terms of macroscopic process variables has been achieved. The present work centers on this microscale and introduces a classification of granulation mechanisms based on the collisional dissipation of relative particle kinetic energy. The mechanism of granule coalescence is, in part, a function of a dimensionless binder Stokes' numberStv, which is a measure of the ratio of granule collisional kinetic energy to the viscous dissipation brought about by interstitial binder. The Stokes' number provides a convenient classification of granulation regimes. For smallStv, coalescence hinges on the presence and distribution of binder and is independent of particle kinetic energy and binder viscosity. In this regime, binder viscosity controls the rate of granule consolidation and ultimate granule voidage. For the case where the maximumStv is of the order ofSt*v, increases in binder viscosity increase coalescence rate as traditionally expected. HereSt*v is a critical Stokes' number, being a known function of the volume of binder deposited on the bed. Finally, for largeStv, only granule coating is possible. Fluid-bed granulation and defluidization experiments supporting this simple classification of granulation regimes is presented. Implications regarding successful granulation operation are drawn.},
	booktitle = {A Special Volume Devoted to the Second Symposium on Advances in Particulate Technology},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392064},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-444PX58-5B/2/2732d1369d10678051f19f21883d7c0d},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1-3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-444PX58-5B/2/2732d1369d10678051f19f21883d7c0d},
	volume = {65},
	pages = {-272},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3477
@article{bresme0000water,

	author = {Bresme, Fernando and Lervik, Anders and Bedeaux, Dick and Kjelstrup, Signe},
	title = {Water Polarization under Thermal Gradients},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392063},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v101/e020602},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v101/e020602},
	volume = {101},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3478
@article{van0000coherent,

	author = {van de Meent, Jan-Willem and Morozov, Alexander and Somfai, Ellak and Sultan, Eric and van Saarloos, Wim},
	title = {Coherent structures in dissipative particle dynamics simulations of the transition to turbulence in compressible shear flows},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392062},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e015701},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, compression, flow, jin, mach, shear, suns, turbulence},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e015701},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		compression,
		flow,
		jin,
		mach,
		shear,
		suns,
		turbulence,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3479
@article{kanan0000situ,

	author = {Kanan, Matthew W. and Nocera, Daniel G.},
	title = {In Situ Formation of an Oxygen-Evolving Catalyst in Neutral Water Containing Phosphate and Co2+},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The utilization of solar energy on a large scale requires its storage. In natural photosynthesis, energy from sunlight is used to rearrange the bonds of water to O2 and H2-equivalents. The realization of artificial systems that perform similar "water splitting" requires catalysts that produce O2 from water without the need for excessive driving potentials. Here, we report such a catalyst that forms upon the oxidative polarization of an inert indium tin oxide electrode in phosphate-buffered water containing Co2+. A variety of analytical techniques indicates the presence of phosphate in an approximate 1:2 ratio with cobalt in this material. The pH dependence of the catalytic activity also implicates HPO42- as the proton acceptor in the O2-producing reaction. This catalyst not only forms in situ from earth-abundant materials but also operates in neutral water under ambient conditions.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392061},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/1162018v1},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1162018},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/1162018v1},
	pages = {-},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3480
@article{wintherjensen0000high,

	author = {Winther-Jensen, Bjorn and Winther-Jensen, Orawan and Forsyth, Maria and MacFarlane, Douglas R.},
	title = {High Rates of Oxygen Reduction over a Vapor Phase-Polymerized PEDOT Electrode},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The air electrode, which reduces oxygen (O2), is a critical component in energy generation and storage applications such as fuel cells and metal/air batteries. The highest current densities are achieved with platinum (Pt), but in addition to its cost and scarcity, Pt particles in composite electrodes tend to be inactivated by contact with carbon monoxide (CO) or by agglomeration. We describe an air electrode based on a porous material coated with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), which acts as an O2 reduction catalyst. Continuous operation for 1500 hours was demonstrated without material degradation or deterioration in performance. O2 conversion rates were comparable with those of Pt-catalyzed electrodes of the same geometry, and the electrode was not sensitive to CO. Operation was demonstrated as an air electrode and as a dissolved O2 electrode in aqueous solution.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392060},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/321/5889/671},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1159267},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5889},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/321/5889/671},
	volume = {321},
	pages = {-674},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3481
@incollection{luding0000physics,

	author = {Luding, Stefan},
	title = {Physics of dry granular media},
	booktitle = {EMPTY},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392059},
	editor = {Herrmann, H. J. and Hovi, J. P.},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Kluwer Academic Publishers+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3482
@article{ross0000statisticalmechanical,

	author = {Ross, John and Kirkwood, John G.},
	title = {The Statistical-Mechanical Theory of Transport Processes. VIII. Quantum Theory of Transport in Gases},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392058},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/22/1094/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/22/1094/1},
	volume = {22},
	pages = {AIP--1103},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3483
@article{irving0000statistical_1,

	author = {Irving, J. H. and Zwanzig, Robert W.},
	title = {The Statistical Mechanical Theory of Transport Processes. V. Quantum Hydrodynamics},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392057},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/19/1173/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {9},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/19/1173/1},
	volume = {19},
	pages = {AIP---1180},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3484
@article{kirkwood0000statistical_1,

	author = {Kirkwood, John G. and Fitts, Donald D.},
	title = {Statistical Mechanics of Transport Processes. XIV. Linear Relations in Multicomponent Systems},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392056},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/33/1317/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/33/1317/1},
	volume = {33},
	pages = {AIP---1324},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3485
@article{rice0000statistical,

	author = {Rice, Stuart A. and Kirkwood, John G. and Ross, John and Zwanzig, Robert W.},
	title = {Statistical Mechanical Theory of Transport Processes. XII. Dense Rigid Sphere Fluids},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392055},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/31/575/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/31/575/1},
	volume = {31},
	pages = {AIP---583},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3486
@article{bearman0000statistical,

	author = {Bearman, Richard J. and Kirkwood, John G.},
	title = {Statistical Mechanics of Transport Processes. XI. Equations of Transport in Multicomponent Systems},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392054},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/28/136/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/28/136/1},
	volume = {28},
	pages = {AIP---145},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3487
@article{zwanzig0000statistical_1,

	author = {Zwanzig, Robert W. and Kirkwood, John G. and Oppenheim, Irwin and Alder, Berni J.},
	title = {Statistical Mechanical Theory of Transport Processes. VII. The Coefficient of Thermal Conductivity of Monatomic Liquids},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392053},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/22/783/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/22/783/1},
	volume = {22},
	pages = {AIP---790},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3488
@article{zwanzig0000statistical_2,

	author = {Zwanzig, Robert W. and Kirkwood, John G. and Stripp, Kenneth F. and Oppenheim, Irwin},
	title = {The Statistical Mechanical Theory of Transport Processes. VI. A Calculation of the Coefficients of Shear and Bulk Viscosity of Liquids},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392052},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/21/2050/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {11},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/21/2050/1},
	volume = {21},
	pages = {AIP---2055},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3489
@article{kirkwood0000statistical_2,

	author = {Kirkwood, John G.},
	title = {The Statistical Mechanical Theory of Transport Processes II. Transport in Gases},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392050},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/15/72/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/15/72/1},
	volume = {15},
	pages = {AIP---76},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3490
@article{kirkwood0000errata_1,

	author = {Kirkwood, John G.},
	title = {Errata: Statistical Mechanics of Transport Processes I. General Theory},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392049},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/14/347/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/14/347/1},
	volume = {14},
	pages = {AIP---347},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3491
@article{kirkwood0000statistical_3,

	author = {Kirkwood, John G.},
	title = {The Statistical Mechanical Theory of Transport Processes I. General Theory},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392048},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/14/180/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/14/180/1},
	volume = {14},
	pages = {AIP---201},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3492
@article{irving0000statistical_2,

	author = {Irving, J. H. and Kirkwood, John G.},
	title = {The Statistical Mechanical Theory of Transport Processes. IV. The Equations of Hydrodynamics},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392047},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/18/817/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/18/817/1},
	volume = {18},
	pages = {AIP---829},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3493
@article{kirkwood0000errata_2,

	author = {Kirkwood, John G. and Buff, Frank P. and Green, Melvin S.},
	title = {Errata: The Statistical Mechanical Theory of Transport Processes. III. The Coefficients of Shear and Bulk Viscosity of Liquids},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392046},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/18/901/2},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/18/901/2},
	volume = {18},
	pages = {AIP---902},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3494
@article{stevens0000comparison,

	author = {Stevens, A. B. and Hrenya, C. M.},
	title = {Comparison of soft-sphere models to measurements of collision properties during normal impacts},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Simultaneous measurements of the restitution coefficient and collision duration are used as a basis of comparison for soft-sphere models. The experiments were characterized by spherical, cohesionless, steel particles undergoing a normal (head-on) impact. A range of impact velocities was tested. For soft-sphere models requiring two (adjustable) inputs, the inputs were chosen such that model predictions match the experimental values of restitution coefficient and collision duration obtained at an intermediate impact velocity. For the soft-sphere model requiring a single input, only the restitution coefficient is matched. A comparison between model predictions and experimental data indicates that three of the six models considered [G. Kuwabara, K. Kono, Restitution coefficient in a collision between two spheres, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 26 (1987) 1230-1233.; O.R. Walton, R.L. Braun, Viscosity, granular-temperature, and stress calculations for shearing assemblies of inelastic, frictional disks, J. Rheol. 30, (1986) 949-980.; C. Thornton, Coefficient of restitution for collinear collisions of elastic-perfectly plastic spheres, J. Appl. Mech. 64 (1997) 383-386. [1], [2] and [3]] agree with the experimental trends, namely that both coefficient of restitution and the collision duration decrease with an increase in impact velocity. Furthermore, an examination of the force vs. overlap behavior reveals that some of the soft-sphere models predict an unrealistic attractive force toward the end of the rebound phase. From a quantitative perspective, the measured collision durations are within 10\% of those predicted by Hertzian theory for perfectly elastic spheres. Hence, the matching of a Hertzian collision time, along with the desired restitution coefficient, appears to provide a reasonable basis for choosing input values for soft-sphere models characterized by two input parameters. Finally, a soft-sphere model with no adjustable parameters was also investigated, though estimating values for the required physical inputs was non-trivial.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392045},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4G9Y50G-2/1/e4958a17e703602456c44409aa92799b},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, discretedem, impact, jin, model, normal, softsphere, suns},
	number = {2-3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4G9Y50G-2/1/e4958a17e703602456c44409aa92799b},
	volume = {154},
	pages = {-109},

	keywords = {
		discrete, dem,
		impact,
		jin,
		model,
		normal,
		softsphere,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3495
@article{wu0000theoretical,

	author = {Wu, Xuecheng and Wang, Qinhui and Luo, Zhongyang and Fang, Mengxiang and Cen, Kefa},
	title = {Theoretical and experimental investigations on particle rotation speed in CFB riser},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Particle rotation is a common phenomenon in gas-solid two-phase flows. The paper presents theoretical and experimental investigations on particle rotation speed in the gas-solid flow inside a cold CFB riser. The possible particle rotation speed, caused by non-homogeneous flow field and particle collision, and its variation with time were investigated. The average particle rotation speed was predicted with considerations of particle size, average particle collision velocity, particle collision rate and particle number density. It is found that particle collision is the most significant reason for particle rotation. The maximal and average rotation speed for particles with an average size of several hundred micrometers in the CFB riser under typical working condition may be several thousand revolutions per second and several hundred revolutions per second, respectively. The rotation speed of glass beads with an average size of in the upper dilute zone of a cold CFB riser was measured by using a high speed digital imaging system. The variation of particle rotation speed with time was observed, which is in accordance with the theoretical result. The average rotation speed for glass beads was statistically analyzed based on a large number of particle examples. With several factors taken into account, the experimental result is considered to agree with the theoretical one.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392044},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4SFXK8T-1/1/768a45524d570102715ccb871e618dc0},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, cfb, flow, hydrodynamics, jin, multiphase, particle, rotation, speed, suns},
	number = {15},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4SFXK8T-1/1/768a45524d570102715ccb871e618dc0},
	volume = {63},
	pages = {-3987},

	keywords = {
		cfb,
		flow,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		multiphase,
		particle,
		rotation,
		speed,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3496
@article{noguchi0000transport,

	author = {Noguchi, Hiroshi and Gompper, Gerhard},
	title = {Transport coefficients of off-lattice mesoscale-hydrodynamics simulation techniques},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392043},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e016706},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, hydrodynamics, jin, selfdiffusion, suns, viscosity},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v78/e016706},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {APS---12},

	keywords = {
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		selfdiffusion,
		suns,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3497
@article{kroner0000physical,

	author = {Kroner, Ekkehart},
	title = {On the physical reality of torque stresses in continuum mechanics},
	journal = {International Journal of Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392042},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {1},
	pages = {-278},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3498
@article{kanatani0000micropolar,

	author = {Kanatani, Ken-Ichi},
	title = {A micropolar continuum theory for the flow of granular materials},
	journal = {International Journal of Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The flow of granular materials at high deformation rates and low stress levels is described here using a micropolar continuum theory. The constitutive equations are obtained by statistical inference; the interparticle interactions are first studied, and constitutive relations of the continuum theory are deduced by statistical averaging. The material is assumed to consist of cohesionless rigid spheres of uniform size and the same mass, and the equivalence of the continuum description and the particle description is discussed. Particle fluctuations are regarded as macroscopic "heat", and a thermodynamic analogy is developed. The "equations of state" are derived by assuming "local equilibrium". "Entropy" is also introduced, and the law of "entropy" increase is proved. Two different regimes of flows--slow flows and fast flows--are analyzed, and such typical non-linear characteristics as the existence of the angle of repose and the "thermal dilatation" due to the particle fluctuations are shown to exist.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392041},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V32-481BJSS-1T1/1/1a033b20a0e158d13c252700d864ec3f},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V32-481BJSS-1T1/1/1a033b20a0e158d13c252700d864ec3f},
	volume = {17},
	pages = {-432},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3499
@article{olson0000gridless,

	author = {Olson, Spencer E. and Christlieb, Andrew J.},
	title = {Gridless DSMC},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This work concerns the development of a gridless method for modeling the inter-particle collisions of a gas. Conventional fixed-grid algorithms are susceptible to grid-mismatch to the physical system, resulting in erroneous solutions. On the contrary, a gridless algorithm can be used to simulate various physical systems without the need to perform grid-mesh optimization. An octree algorithm provides the gridless character to a direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) code by automatically sorting nearest-neighbor gas particles into local clusters. Automatic clustering allows abstraction of the DSMC algorithm from the physical system of the problem in question. This abstraction provides flexibility for domains with complex geometries as well as a decreased code development time for a given physical problem. To evaluate the practicality of this code, the time required to perform the gridless overhead from the octree sort is investigated. This investigation shows that the gridless method can indeed be practical and compete with other DSMC codes. To validate gridless DSMC, results of several benchmark simulations are compared to results from a fixed-grid code. The benchmark simulations include several Couette flows of differing Knudsen number, low-velocity flow past a thin plate, and two hypersonic flows past embedded objects at a Mach number of 10. The results of this comparison to traditional DSMC are favorable. This work is intended to become part of a larger gridless simulation tool for collisional plasmas. Corresponding work includes a gridless field solver using an octree for the evaluation of long range electrostatic forces. We plan to merge the two methods creating a gridless framework for simulating collisional-plasmas.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392040},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4SHVT23-1/1/b20405f14965bdb55b7de314aef60dca},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dsmc, jin, meshless, montecarlo, octree, suns},
	number = {17},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4SHVT23-1/1/b20405f14965bdb55b7de314aef60dca},
	volume = {227},
	pages = {-8064},

	keywords = {
		dsmc,
		jin,
		meshless,
		montecarlo,
		octree,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3500
@article{makse0000effective,

	author = {Makse, Hern\'{a}n A. and Gland, Nicolas and Johnson, David L. and Schwartz, Lawrence M.},
	title = {Why Effective Medium Theory Fails in Granular Materials},
	journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392039},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {24},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {83},
	pages = {5070--5073},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3501
@article{oda0000study,

	author = {Oda, Masanobu and Iwashita, Kazuyoshi},
	title = {Study on couple stress and shear band development in granular media based on numerical simulation analyses},
	journal = {International Journal of Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {From the reasonable accordance between the simulation and laboratory tests, it is concluded that the simulation test using the distinct element method can provide a powerful tool to simulate the micro- as well as macro-behavior of granular media. This is true, in particular, when the rotational resistance is introduced into the conventional one. Based on both the simulation and laboratory tests, we reached the following conclusions: One of the most important changes in microstructure, which takes place during a strain hardening process, is the formation of column-like structure growing parallel to the major principal stress direction. After failure, the column-like structure is reconstructed during a strain softening process by means of rolling, not sliding, at contact points so that a high gradient of particle rotation is generated, changing from negative to positive in a relatively narrow shear zone. Large voids appear in the shear band, and the resulting local void ratio can exceed the corresponding maximum one determined by a standard method. This fact strongly suggests that unique stress condition, which leads to such special microstructure, may develop in the shear band. In fact, couple stresses exist in a shear band in a manner consistent with the change of the particle rotation gradient from negative to positive. In spite of the presence of the couple stress, the stress tensor is nearly symmetric, indicating that the couple stress is very small in magnitude. The presence of the small couple stress still plays an important role in the development of microstructure in shear bands.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392038},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V32-40D6150-6/1/bbcae1745effcb7e00c6f2e1e970d02e},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, band, granular, jin, material, microstructure, shear, stress, suns},
	number = {15},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V32-40D6150-6/1/bbcae1745effcb7e00c6f2e1e970d02e},
	volume = {38},
	pages = {1713--1740},

	keywords = {
		band,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		microstructure,
		shear,
		stress,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3502
@article{iwashita0000microdeformation,

	author = {Iwashita, Kazuyoshi and Oda, Masanobu},
	title = {Micro-deformation mechanism of shear banding process based on modified distinct element method},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Numerical simulation tests were carried out using the distinct element method (DEM) by paying much attention to the micro-deformation mechanism leading to the development of shear bands. To do this, the conventional DEM was modified slightly such that the effect of rolling resistance at contact points could be taken into account (called MDEM). It is found that MDEM can be a powerful tool for simulating not only the generation of large voids inside a shear band but also the high gradient of particle rotation along the shear band boundaries, in a quite similar manner to those observed in natural granular soils. It is concluded, based on the numerical simulation tests, that the basic micro-deformation mechanism ending up with the formation of shear bands is in the generation of a column-like structure during the hardening process and its collapse in the softening process.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392037},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-3YYV8RH-K/1/b034bab9b7e26060beafcc2141fff1ae},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, band, dilatation, granular, jin, material, micromechanics, numeric, shear, structure, suns},
	number = {1-3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-3YYV8RH-K/1/b034bab9b7e26060beafcc2141fff1ae},
	volume = {109},
	pages = {-205},

	keywords = {
		band,
		dilatation,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		micromechanics,
		numeric,
		shear,
		structure,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3503
@article{procacci0000general,

	author = {Procacci, Piero and Scateni, Riccardo},
	title = {A general algorithm for computing Voronoi volumes: Application to the hydrated crystal of myoglobin},
	journal = {International Journal of Quantum Chemistry},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392036},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	old_pages = {1528},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {42},
	pages = {1528},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3504
@article{stachurski0000micromechanics,

	author = {Stachurski, Z. H.},
	title = {Micromechanics of stress relaxation in amorphous glassy PMMA. Part I. Molecular model for anelastic behaviour},
	journal = {Polymer},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This paper describes the development of a theoretical model for the strength of mechanical relaxation in terms of micromechanics of deformation. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is used as the model amorphous polymer. The internal molecular rearrangements during relaxation are identified and accounted for by the rotation of specific atomic groups. Voronoi tessellation is used as a method to characterise the nanostructure in amorphous glassy polymer below Tg. A theoretical model is postulated and shown to provide a limited quantitative prediction capacity of the anelastic deformation and the corresponding stress relaxation based on measurable molecular parameters without adjustable factors.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392035},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXW-4777WW5-R/1/d72c2aad8ace3a5d750b37d6a4a75a8f},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, micromechanics, model, molecule, relaxation, stress, suns},
	number = {26},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXW-4777WW5-R/1/d72c2aad8ace3a5d750b37d6a4a75a8f},
	volume = {43},
	pages = {-7427},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		micromechanics,
		model,
		molecule,
		relaxation,
		stress,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3505
@article{stachurski0000strength,

	author = {Stachurski, Z. H.},
	title = {Strength and deformation of rigid polymers: structure and topology in amorphous polymers},
	journal = {Polymer},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Glassy polymer is formed because the irregular chain architecture prevents crystallisation. Computer simulations allow Voronoi tessellation of atomic groups (for example monomers) to be carried out and measured along the molecular chain, which reveals significant density fluctuations. A Voronoi polyhedron is constructed for each particle according to a unique mathematical procedure [J Reiner Angew Math 134 (1908) 198]. When measured in terms of Voronoi polyhedra, amorphous structures show wide variations in packing density on the atomic/monomer scale, with a characteristic skewed distribution. The Voronoi method can be applied to all polymers; however, in this paper only uncrosslinked amorphous polymers are considered. Constriction points around a chain segment are defined as a locally specific configuration and arrangement of adjacent chains such that the local density within a sphere of radius approximately equal to two monomer diameters comes close to or below the hypothetical crystalline density. The topological theory of molecular structure developed by Bader defines the concepts of atoms and bonds in terms of the topological properties of the observable charge distribution [Rep Prog Phys 44 (1981) 893]. In polymers the high density regions become an even stronger topological feature, and are referred to as the constriction points.},
	booktitle = {In Honour of Ian Ward's 75th Birthday},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392034},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXW-49326D3-9/1/4f81f3cc38c23855d8f9d13818d92ca5},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, amorph, density, fluctuation, jin, suns, tessellation, uncrosslinked, voronoi},
	number = {19},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXW-49326D3-9/1/4f81f3cc38c23855d8f9d13818d92ca5},
	volume = {44},
	pages = {-6066},

	keywords = {
		amorph,
		density,
		fluctuation,
		jin,
		suns,
		tessellation,
		uncrosslinked,
		voronoi,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3506
@article{corte2008random,

	author = {Corte, Laurent and Chaikin, P. M. and Gollub, J. P. and Pine, D. J.},
	title = {Random organization in periodically driven systems},
	journal = {Nat Phys},
	year = {2008},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392033},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphys891},
	comment = {10.1038/nphys891},
	doi = {10.1038/nphys891},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphys891},
	volume = {4},
	pages = {Nature Publishing Group---424},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3507
@article{jakobsen0000formation,

	author = {Jakobsen, Bo and Poulsen, Henning F. and Lienert, Ulrich and Almer, Jonathan and Shastri, Sarvjit D. and Sorensen, Henning O. and Gundlach, Carsten and Pantleon, Wolfgang},
	title = {Formation and Subdivision of Deformation Structures During Plastic Deformation},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {During plastic deformation of metals and alloys, dislocations arrange in ordered patterns. How and when these self-organization processes take place have remained elusive, because in situ observations have not been feasible. We present an x-ray diffraction method that provided data on the dynamics of individual, deeply embedded dislocation structures. During tensile deformation of pure copper, dislocation-free regions were identified. They showed an unexpected intermittent dynamics, for example, appearing and disappearing with proceeding deformation and even displaying transient splitting behavior. Insight into these processes is relevant for an understanding of the strength and work-hardening of deformed materials.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392032},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/312/5775/889},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1124141},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5775},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/312/5775/889},
	volume = {312},
	pages = {-892},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3508
@article{kubin0000materials,

	author = {Kubin, Ladislas},
	title = {MATERIALS SCIENCE: Collective Defect Behavior Under Stress},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392031},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1125799},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5775},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	volume = {312},
	pages = {-865},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3509
@article{sansour0000numerical,

	author = {Sansour, Carlo and Karsaj, Igor and Soric, Jurica},
	title = {On a numerical implementation of a formulation of anisotropic continuum elastoplasticity at finite strains},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In a recent theoretical study [see C. Sansour, I. Karsaj, J. Soric, A formulation of anisotropic continuum elastoplasticity at finite strains. Part I: Modelling, International Journal of Plasticity 22 (2006) 2346-2365], a constitutive model for anisotropic elastoplasticity at finite strains has been developed. The model is based on the multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient. The stored energy function as well as the flow rule has been considered as quadratic functions of their arguments. In both cases, the list of arguments is extended to include structural tensors which describe the anisotropy of the material response at hand. Non-linear isotropic hardening is considered as well. In this paper, the integration of the constitutive law is presented. The associative flow rule is integrated using the exponential map which preserves the plastic incompressibility condition. The numerical treatment of the problem is fully developed and expressions related to the local iteration and the consistent tangent operator are considered in detail. It is shown that while the consistent linearisation of the model is quite complicated, it still can be achieved if various intriguing implicit dependencies are identified and correctly dealt with. Various numerical examples of three-dimensional deformations of whole structural components are presented. The examples clearly illustrate the influence of anisotropy on finite elastoplastic deformations.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392030},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4SFS0TD-4/1/897d8bf5e09dadb4fbacc6b1946f6c93},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, anisotropy, inelasticity, jin, map, multiplicative, plasticity, strain, suns},
	number = {16},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4SFS0TD-4/1/897d8bf5e09dadb4fbacc6b1946f6c93},
	volume = {227},
	pages = {-7663},

	keywords = {
		anisotropy,
		inelasticity,
		jin,
		map,
		multiplicative,
		plasticity,
		strain,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3510
@article{sansour0000formulation,

	author = {Sansour, Carlo and Karsaj, Igor and Soric, Jurica},
	title = {A formulation of anisotropic continuum elastoplasticity at finite strains. Part I: Modelling},
	journal = {International Journal of Plasticity},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A constitutive model for anisotropic elastoplasticity at finite strains is developed together with its numerical implementation. An anisotropic elastic constitutive law is described in an invariant setting by use of structural tensors and the elastic strain measure Ce. The elastic strain tensor as well as the structural tensors are assumed to be invariant in relation to superimposed rigid body rotations. An anisotropic Hill-type yield criterion, described by a non-symmetric Eshelby-like stress tensor and further structural tensors, is developed, where use is made of representation theorems for functions with non-symmetric arguments. The model also considers non-linear isotropic hardening. Explicit results for the specific case of orthotropic anisotropy are given. The associative flow rule is employed and the features of the inelastic flow rule are discussed in full. It is shown that the classical definition of the plastic material spin is meaningless in conjunction with the present formulation. Instead, the study motivates an alternative definition, which is based on the demand that such a quantity must be dissipation-free, as the plastic material spin is in the case of isotropy. Equivalent spatial formulations are presented too. The full numerical treatment is considered in Part II.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392029},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4KR85J5-1/1/0553d275865544369db328235cb56139},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, anisotropy, hardening, inelasticity, isotropic, jin, multiplicative, orthotropic, plasticity, strain, suns, yield},
	number = {12},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4KR85J5-1/1/0553d275865544369db328235cb56139},
	volume = {22},
	pages = {-2365},

	keywords = {
		anisotropy,
		hardening,
		inelasticity,
		isotropic,
		jin,
		multiplicative,
		orthotropic,
		plasticity,
		strain,
		suns,
		yield,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3511
@article{wang0000particle,

	author = {Wang, Ping and Song, Chaoming and Briscoe, Christopher and Makse, Hernan A.},
	title = {Particle dynamics and effective temperature of jammed granular matter in a slowly sheared three-dimensional Couette cell},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392028},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e061309},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, couette, flow, fluctuation, granular, jamming, jin, laminar, material, shape, shear, structure, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e061309},
	volume = {77},
	pages = {APS---15},

	keywords = {
		couette,
		flow,
		fluctuation,
		granular,
		jamming,
		jin,
		laminar,
		material,
		shape,
		shear,
		structure,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3512
@article{corwin0000temporal,

	author = {Corwin, Eric I. and Hoke, Eric T. and Jaeger, Heinrich M. and Nagel, Sidney R.},
	title = {Temporal force fluctuations measured by tracking individual particles in granular materials under shear},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392027},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e061308},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, fluctuation, glass, granular, jin, material, noise, shear, strength, suns, supercooling, transition},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e061308},
	volume = {77},
	pages = {APS---6},

	keywords = {
		fluctuation,
		glass,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		noise,
		shear,
		strength,
		suns,
		supercooling,
		transition,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3513
@article{higham0000modeling,

	author = {Higham, Desmond J.},
	title = {Modeling and Simulating Chemical Reactions},
	journal = {SIAM Review},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392026},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?SIR/50/347/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, chemical, eulermaruyama, gillespie, jin, kinetics, langevin, mass, michaelismenten, montecarlo, rate, reaction, stochastic, stoichiometric, suns, vector},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?SIR/50/347/1},
	volume = {50},
	pages = {SIAM---368},

	keywords = {
		chemical,
		euler, maruyama,
		gillespie,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		langevin,
		mass,
		michaelis, menten,
		montecarlo,
		rate,
		reaction,
		stochastic,
		stoichiometric,
		suns,
		vector,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3514
@article{elazab0000materials,

	author = {El-Azab, Anter},
	title = {MATERIALS SCIENCE: The Statistical Mechanics of Strain-Hardened Metals},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392025},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1160003},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5884},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	volume = {320},
	pages = {-1730},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3515
@article{devincre0000dislocation,

	author = {Devincre, B. and Hoc, T. and Kubin, L.},
	title = {Dislocation Mean Free Paths and Strain Hardening of Crystals},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Predicting the strain hardening properties of crystals constitutes a long-standing challenge for dislocation theory. The main difficulty resides in the integration of dislocation processes through a wide range of time and length scales, up to macroscopic dimensions. In the present multiscale approach, dislocation dynamics simulations are used to establish a dislocation-based continuum model incorporating discrete and intermittent aspects of plastic flow. This is performed through the modeling of a key quantity, the mean free path of dislocations. The model is then integrated at the scale of bulk crystals, which allows for the detailed reproduction of the complex deformation curves of face-centered cubic crystals. Because of its predictive ability, the proposed framework has a large potential for further applications.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392024},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/320/5884/1745},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1156101},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5884},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/320/5884/1745},
	volume = {320},
	pages = {-1748},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3516
@article{ballesta2008unexpected,

	author = {Ballesta, Pierre and Duri, Agnes and Cipelletti, Luca},
	title = {Unexpected drop of dynamical heterogeneities in colloidal suspensions approaching the jamming transition},
	journal = {Nat Phys},
	year = {2008},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392023},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphys1000},
	comment = {10.1038/nphys1000},
	doi = {10.1038/nphys1000},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {7},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphys1000},
	volume = {4},
	pages = {Nature Publishing Group---554},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3517
@article{hartl2008experiments_1,

	author = {H\"{a}rtl, Johannes and Ooi, Jin},
	title = {Experiments and simulations of direct shear tests: porosity, contact friction and bulk friction},
	journal = {Granular Matter},
	year = {2008},

	abstract = {Abstract\~{}\\~{}The direct shear testers, in particular the Jenike cell, are widely used to measure the bulk material properties for the design of bulk handling equipment. This paper describes a study of the Jenike shear tester using both experiments and discrete element simulations. A total of 90 tests on spherical glass beads and paired glass beads were performed to study the influence of the particle shape, stress level and packing density on the bulk friction at limiting shear. The data are thus useful for validating particle scale simulations of densely packed granular systems. In an attempt to verify the predictive capability of discrete element method, closely matching 3-dimensional discrete element simulations of the shear tests were performed and compared with the experimental observations. The comparison for single spheres shows good quantitative agreement for the limiting bulk friction when there is a good match in the sample porosity. Further research is needed to produce a comprehensive validation of the discrete element method. Several salient observations from this study provide further insight into the roles of particle shape and contact friction on the resulting packing porosity and bulk friction.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392022},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10035-008-0085-3},
	doi = {10.1007/s10035-008-0085-3},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10035-008-0085-3},
	volume = {10},
	pages = {-271},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3518
@article{goldhirsch0000introduction,

	author = {Goldhirsch, Isaac},
	title = {Introduction to granular temperature},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The goal of this article is to provide a somewhat critical introduction to the concept of granular temperature and some of its applications. A brief history of the concept is followed by a presentation of several of its major properties and implications thereof. A number of misconceptions concerning this concept is presented and discussed. Certain open questions are described and some recent developments are briefly outlined.},
	booktitle = {Granular Temperature},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392021},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4RBYD2Y-1/1/3daa495418906e7e8cfe7efac9919635},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, gas, granular, jin, kinetics, matter, suns, temperature},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4RBYD2Y-1/1/3daa495418906e7e8cfe7efac9919635},
	volume = {182},
	pages = {-136},

	keywords = {
		gas,
		granular,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		matter,
		suns,
		temperature,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3519
@article{cody0000dependence,

	author = {Cody, George D. and Johri, Jayati and Goldfarb, David},
	title = {Dependence of particle fluctuation velocity on gas flow, and particle diameter in gas fluidized beds for<a0>monodispersed spheres in the Geldart B and A fluidization regimes},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	booktitle = {Granular Temperature},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392020},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4P2J09K-6/1/9452bb415455e17563c12eefcb92cb25},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, catalyst, fluctuation, fluidization, gas, geldart, glass, granular, jin, nickel, particle, polymer, regime, scale, sphere, stainless, steel, suns, temperature, velocity, wall},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4P2J09K-6/1/9452bb415455e17563c12eefcb92cb25},
	volume = {182},
	pages = {-170},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		catalyst,
		fluctuation,
		fluidization,
		gas,
		geldart,
		glass,
		granular,
		jin,
		nickel,
		particle,
		polymer,
		regime,
		scale,
		sphere,
		stainless,
		steel,
		suns,
		temperature,
		velocity,
		wall,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3520
@incollection{goldhirsch0000physics,

	author = {Goldhirsch, Isaac and Goldenberg, Chay},
	title = {The Physics of Granular Media},
	booktitle = {EMPTY},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392019},
	editor = {Hinrichsen, Haye and Wolf, Dietrich E.},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH \& Co.KGaA---22},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3521
@article{walsh0000finite,

	author = {Walsh, S. D. C. and Tordesillas, A.},
	title = {Finite element methods for micropolar models of granular materials},
	journal = {Applied Mathematical Modelling},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We present a thermodynamically based finite element scheme for rate-independent materials and demonstrate its application in modelling the rheological behaviour of granular materials. Starting from the laws of thermodynamics, we have recently developed a new class of micropolar-type constitutive relations for two-dimensional densely packed granular media. This class of constitutive laws is expressed in terms of particle-scale properties, thus providing a direct link between observed macroscopic behaviour and the underlying particle-particle interactions. Here, we demonstrate how the connection to the underlying physics can be maintained and carried through to the finite element implementation phase of the modelling process via the same thermodynamical principles used to construct the constitutive laws. Notably, the study indicates that while the traditional Galerkin-FEM method admits a range of weighting functions, the proposed formulation provides an additional constraint that narrows the choice of admissible weighting functions via the second law of thermodynamics. Additionally, this paper presents insights into the finite element implementation of micropolar models deemed to be appropriate for modelling several classes of heterogeneous media (e.g. granular materials, cellular composites and biological materials). As the kinematics and kinetics of micropolar continua are enriched by the addition of rotational degrees of freedom to each material point, the equations governing boundary value problems for such materials differ from those of other continuum models both from the viewpoint of the constitutive law and the governing conservation laws. Analysis of elastoplastic deformation of micropolar continua is presented.},
	booktitle = {Special issue of the 12th Biennial Computational Techniques and Applications Conference and Workshops (CTAC-2004) held at The University of Melbourne, Australia, from 27th September to 1st October 2004},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392018},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TYC-4HD8BK9-1/1/50c7f61040fcc4424739a298c01f49d5},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, jin, material, medium, micropolar, suns, thermomechanics},
	number = {10},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TYC-4HD8BK9-1/1/50c7f61040fcc4424739a298c01f49d5},
	volume = {30},
	pages = {-1055},

	keywords = {
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		medium,
		micropolar,
		suns,
		thermomechanics,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3522
@article{muthuswamy0000interparticle,

	author = {Muthuswamy, Maya and Tordesillas, Antoinette},
	title = {How do interparticle contact friction, packing density and degree of polydispersity affect force propagation in particulate assemblies?},
	journal = {Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Interparticle contact friction, packing density and polydispersity are known to be major contributors to the macroscopic strength of particulate assemblies, that is, their bulk resistance to deformation. For example, when a solid object penetrates a particulate material, the penetration resistance (i.e.\&\#160;the force opposing the object) increases concomitantly with an increase in the degree of polydispersity, packing density and interparticle friction. To establish the underlying mechanisms by which these properties govern the macroscopic response, we characterize quantitatively force propagation at length scales beyond that of the interparticle contact region. Using data derived from discrete element simulations of a two-dimensional granular assembly subject to indentation by a rigid flat punch, we examine the properties of force chains and the force chain network as they evolve during the course of the deformation. Findings indicate that increasing interparticle friction, packing density and degree of polydispersity promotes the formation of straighter chains and a greater degree of branching in the force chain network. Although the force chain length appears to be independent of friction and polydispersity, on average, denser systems tend to favour shorter chains. Thus, straighter and shorter force chains, combined with a greater degree of branching in the force chain network, result in a macroscopically stronger granular material.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392017},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {09},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {2006},
	pages = {-P09003},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3523
@article{tordesillas0000force,

	author = {Tordesillas, A.},
	title = {Force chain buckling, unjamming transitions and shear banding in dense granular assemblies},
	journal = {Philosophical Magazine},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Force chain buckling, leading to unjamming and shear banding, is examined quantitatively via a discrete element analysis of a two-dimensional, densely-packed, cohesionless granular assembly subject to quasistatic, boundary-driven biaxial compression. A range of properties associated with the confined buckling of force chains has been established, including: degree of buckling, buckling modes, spatial and strain evolution distributions, and relative contributions to non-affine deformation, dilatation and decrease in macroscopic shear strength and potential energy. Consecutive cycles of unjamming--jamming events, akin to slip--stick events arising in other granular systems, characterize the strain-softening regime and the shear band evolution. Peaks in the dissipation rate, kinetic energy and local non-affine strain are strongly correlated: the largest peaks coincide with each unjamming event that is evident in the concurrent drops in the macroscopic shear stress and potential energy. Unjamming nucleates from the buckling of a few force chains within a small region inside the band. A specific mode of force chain buckling, prevalent in and confined to the shear band, leads to above-average levels of local non-affine strain and release of potential energy during unjamming. Ongoing studies of this and other buckling modes from a structural stability standpoint serve as the basis for the formulation of internal variables and associated evolution laws, central to the development of thermomicromechanical constitutive theory for granular materials.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392016},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.informaworld.com/10.1080/14786430701594848},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {32},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.informaworld.com/10.1080/14786430701594848},
	volume = {87},
	pages = {Taylor \& Francis---5016},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3524
@article{frenkel0000structural,

	author = {Frenkel, Gad and Blumenfeld, Raphael and Grof, Zdenek and King, Peter R.},
	title = {Structural characterization and statistical properties of two-dimensional granular systems},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392015},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e041304},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, entropy, foam, friction, grain, granular, jin, mechanics, probability, quasiparticle, statistics, structure, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e041304},
	volume = {77},
	pages = {APS---10},

	keywords = {
		entropy,
		foam,
		friction,
		grain,
		granular,
		jin,
		mechanics,
		probability,
		quasiparticle,
		statistics,
		structure,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3525
@article{gudehus0000evolution,

	author = {Gudehus, Gerd and Nubel, K.},
	title = {Evolution of shear bands in sand},
	journal = {Geotechnique},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392014},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {54},
	pages = {-201},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3526
@article{goldenberg0000effects,

	author = {Goldenberg, C. and Goldhirsch, I.},
	title = {Effects of friction and disorder on the quasistatic response of granular solids to a localized force},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392013},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e041303},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, elasticity, friction, granular, jin, material, plasticity, sliding, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e041303},
	volume = {77},
	pages = {APS---19},

	keywords = {
		elasticity,
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		plasticity,
		sliding,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3527
@article{goldenberg2004small_2,

	author = {Goldenberg, Chay and Goldhirsch, Isaac},
	title = {Small and large scale granular statics},
	journal = {Granular Matter},
	year = {2004},

	abstract = {Recent experimental results on the static or quasistatic response of granular materials have been interpreted to suggest the inapplicability of the traditional engineering approaches, which are based on elasto-plastic models (which are elliptic in nature). Propagating (hyperbolic) or diffusive (parabolic) models have been proposed to replace the `old'models. Since several recent experiments were performed on small systems, one should not really be surprised that (continuum) elasticity, a macroscopic theory, is not directly applicable, and should be replaced by a grain-scale (``microscopic'') description. Such a description concerns the interparticle forces, while a macroscopic description is given in terms of the stress field. These descriptions are related, but not equivalent, and the distinction is important in interpreting the experimental results. There are indications that at least some large scale properties of granular assemblies can be described by elasticity, although not necessarily its isotropic version. The purely repulsive interparticle forces (in non-cohesive materials) may lead to modifications of the contact network upon the application of external forces, which may strongly affect the anisotropy of the system. This effect is expected to be small (in non-isostatic systems) for small applied forces and for pre-stressed systems (in particular for disordered systems). Otherwise, it may be accounted for using a nonlinear, incrementally elastic model, with stress-history dependent elastic moduli. Although many features of the experiments may be reproduced using models of frictionless particles, results demonstrating the importance of accounting for friction are presented.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392012},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10035-004-0165-y},
	doi = {10.1007/s10035-004-0165-y},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10035-004-0165-y},
	volume = {6},
	pages = {-96},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3528
@incollection{gudehus0000modern,

	author = {Gudehus, Gerd},
	title = {Modern Trends in Geomechanics},
	booktitle = {EMPTY},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392011},
	editor = {Wu, W. and Yu, H. S.},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	old_pages = {Springer+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Springer+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3529
@article{sundaresan0000some,

	author = {Sundaresan, Sankaran},
	title = {Some outstanding questions in handling of cohesionless particles},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This article describes the author's perspective on important challenges in physical understanding and mathematical description of (a) the rheology of cohesionless granular materials and (b) phenomena observed in two important applications, namely discharge from bins and dense-phase pneumatic conveying.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392010},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-42H1RP1-2/1/ac16dedffc6e6e1dc204f13c5cf077de},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bin, discharge, jin, pneumatic, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-42H1RP1-2/1/ac16dedffc6e6e1dc204f13c5cf077de},
	volume = {115},
	pages = {-7},

	keywords = {
		bin,
		discharge,
		jin,
		pneumatic,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3530
@article{alam2005instabilityinduced,

	author = {Alam, Meheboob and Arakeri, V. H. and Nott, Prabhu R. and Goddard, J. D. and Herrmann, H. J.},
	title = {Instability-induced ordering, universal unfolding and the role of gravity in granular Couette flow},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2005},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392009},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022112004002150},
	doi = {10.1017/S0022112004002150},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022112004002150},
	volume = {523},
	pages = {-306},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3531
@article{goddard0000entropy,

	author = {Goddard, J. D.},
	title = {On entropy estimates of contact forces in static granular assemblies},
	journal = {International Journal of Solids and Structures},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {As an extension of previous work by others, this articles deals with maximum-entropy estimates for the statistics of static contact forces in assemblies of nearly rigid grains. As found in the previous works, the constraint of mean stress leads provisionally to a distribution of contact force that is exponential at large force. This behavior, found in various experiments and numerical simulations, does not depend on special models of force propagation postulated in the contemporary physics literature. Following K. Bagi [Behringer, R. Jenkins, J.T. (Eds.), Powders and Grains, Balkema, 1997, p. 251] consideration is also given to entropy maximization under the constraint of constant mean strain, which leads to a similar exponential tail in the distribution of particle displacements. In contrast to the previous works, it is emphasized that the exact form of the probability density depends on the statistical weight (a priori probability) assigned to elementary volumes in the state-space of contact forces or displacements. This leads to the conclusion that the large-force exponential is a general representation of maximum-entropy statistics arising from global constraints, whereas the state-space measure is dictated by local mechanics. A few examples of state-space measure are considered, and the resulting distributions are compared to previous experiment and simulation. A striking analogy is revealed between the force distribution in a static sphere assembly and the Maxwell-Boltzmann velocity distribution for gases. Based on the methods of statistical thermodynamics, a virtual-thermodynamic formalism is presented for complementary strain energies in granular statics. This involves no direct appeal to the concept of (static) granular temperature favored in certain statistical-physics literature. As a possible test of the general validity of the entropy principle in granular statics, the question is raised as to whether it can describe the heterogeneous two-phase structure found in photoelastic experiments and numerical simulations of granular assemblies.},
	booktitle = {Granular Mechanics},
	citeulike-article-id = {11392008},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VJS-4CSG2MP-6/1/fbeae93269bdcd0b1480fa26b0294968},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, distribution, entropy, force, granular, jin, static, suns, thermodynamics, virtual},
	number = {21},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:16},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VJS-4CSG2MP-6/1/fbeae93269bdcd0b1480fa26b0294968},
	volume = {41},
	pages = {-5861},

	keywords = {
		distribution,
		entropy,
		force,
		granular,
		jin,
		static,
		suns,
		thermodynamics,
		virtual,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3532
@article{yin0000velocity,

	author = {Yin, Xiaolong and Koch, Donald L.},
	title = {Velocity fluctuations and hydrodynamic diffusion in finite-Reynolds-number sedimenting suspensions},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392007},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/20/043305/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boltzmann, diffusion, flow, hydrodynamics, jin, lattice, sediment, suns, suspension},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/20/043305/1},
	volume = {20},
	pages = {AIP---8},

	keywords = {
		boltzmann,
		diffusion,
		flow,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		lattice,
		sediment,
		suns,
		suspension,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3533
@article{powell0000experimental,

	author = {Powell, Robert L.},
	title = {Experimental techniques for multiphase flows},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392006},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/20/040605/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, chemical, diffusion, doppler, electric, emulsion, flow, impedance, jin, magnetic, multiphase, particle, pipe, radiography, resonance, sediment, shift, suns, suspension, ultrasonics, velocimetry, visualization},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/20/040605/1},
	volume = {20},
	pages = {AIP---22},

	keywords = {
		chemical,
		diffusion,
		doppler,
		electric,
		emulsion,
		flow,
		impedance,
		jin,
		magnetic,
		multiphase,
		particle,
		pipe,
		radiography,
		resonance,
		sediment,
		shift,
		suns,
		suspension,
		ultrasonics,
		velocimetry,
		visualization,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3534
@article{goddard0000weakly,

	author = {Goddard, J. D.},
	title = {A weakly nonlocal anisotropic fluid model for inhomogeneous Stokesian suspensions},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392005},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/20/040601/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, couette, deformation, dynamics, flow, fluid, instability, jin, shear, suns, suspension, torsion, viscometer, vortex},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/20/040601/1},
	volume = {20},
	pages = {AIP---16},

	keywords = {
		couette,
		deformation,
		dynamics,
		flow,
		fluid,
		instability,
		jin,
		shear,
		suns,
		suspension,
		torsion,
		viscometer,
		vortex,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3535
@article{tighe0000entropy,

	author = {Tighe, Brian P. and van Eerd, Adrianne R. T. and Vlugt, Thijs J. H.},
	title = {Entropy Maximization in the Force Network Ensemble for Granular Solids},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392004},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v100/e238001},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {23},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v100/e238001},
	volume = {100},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3536
@article{fernandez0000single,

	author = {Fernandez, Pablo and Ott, Albrecht},
	title = {Single Cell Mechanics: Stress Stiffening and Kinematic Hardening},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392003},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v100/e238102},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {23},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v100/e238102},
	volume = {100},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3537
@article{brewster0000relationship,

	author = {Brewster, Robert and Silbert, Leonardo E. and Grest, Gary S. and Levine, Alex J.},
	title = {Relationship between interparticle contact lifetimes and rheology in gravity-driven granular flows},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392002},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e061302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, elasticity, flow, friction, granular, gravity, jin, rheology, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e061302},
	volume = {77},
	pages = {APS---12},

	keywords = {
		elasticity,
		flow,
		friction,
		granular,
		gravity,
		jin,
		rheology,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3538
@article{skarabot0000hierarchical,

	author = {Skarabot, M. and Ravnik, M. and Zumer, S. and Tkalec, U. and Poberaj, I. and BabiC, D. and MuseviC, I.},
	title = {Hierarchical self-assembly of nematic colloidal superstructures},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392001},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e061706},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, colloid, crystal, jin, liquid, nanoparticle, nematic, selforganisation, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e061706},
	volume = {77},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		colloid,
		crystal,
		jin,
		liquid,
		nanoparticle,
		nematic,
		selforganisation,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3539
@article{song2008phase_2,

	author = {Song, Chaoming and Wang, Ping and Makse, Hernan A.},
	title = {A phase diagram for jammed matter},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {2008},

	citeulike-article-id = {11392000},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature06981},
	comment = {10.1038/nature06981},
	doi = {10.1038/nature06981},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {7195},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature06981},
	volume = {453},
	pages = {Nature Publishing Group---632},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3540
@article{benzi0000intermittency,

	author = {Benzi, Roberto and Biferale, Luca and Fisher, Robert T. and Kadanoff, Leo P. and Lamb, Donald Q. and Toschi, Federico},
	title = {Intermittency and Universality in Fully Developed Inviscid and Weakly Compressible Turbulent Flows},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391999},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v100/e234503},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {23},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v100/e234503},
	volume = {100},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3541
@article{esmael0000transitional,

	author = {Esmael, A. and Nouar, C.},
	title = {Transitional flow of a yield-stress fluid in a pipe: Evidence of a robust coherent structure},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391998},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e057302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, jin, laminar, pipe, suns, turbulence},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e057302},
	volume = {77},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		jin,
		laminar,
		pipe,
		suns,
		turbulence,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3542
@article{barkley2007mean,

	author = {Barkley, Dwight and Tuckerman, Laurette S.},
	title = {Mean flow of turbulent?laminar patterns in plane Couette flow},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2007},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391997},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S002211200600454X},
	doi = {10.1017/S002211200600454X},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S002211200600454X},
	volume = {576},
	pages = {-137},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3543
@article{henderson0000unstructured,

	author = {Henderson, Ronald D. and Karniadakis, George E.},
	title = {Unstructured Spectral Element Methods for Simulation of Turbulent Flows},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In this paper we present a spectral element-Fourier algorithm for simulating incompressible turbulent flows in complex geometries using unstructured quadrilateral meshes. To this end, we compare two different interface formulations for extending the conforming spectral element method in order to allow for surgical mesh refinement and still retain spectral accuracy: the Zanolli iterative procedure and variational patching based on auxiliary "mortar" functions. We present an interpretation of the original mortar element method as a patching scheme and develop direct and iterative solution techniques that make the method efficient for simulations of turbulent flows. The properties of the new method are analyzed in detail by studying the eigenspectra of the advection and diffusion operators. We then present numerical results that illustrate the flexibility as well as the exponential convergence of the new algorithm for nonconforming discretizations. We conclude with simulation studies of the turbulent cylinder wake at Re = 1000 (external flow) and turbulent flow over riblets at Re = 3280 (internal flow).},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391996},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-45NJN3K-50/1/e4d6c3efcab8532f829fa98d170b4bda},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-45NJN3K-50/1/e4d6c3efcab8532f829fa98d170b4bda},
	volume = {122},
	pages = {-217},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3544
@article{barkley0000computational,

	author = {Barkley, Dwight and Tuckerman, Laurette S.},
	title = {Computational Study of Turbulent Laminar Patterns in Couette Flow},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391995},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v94/e014502},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, couette, flow, jin, laminar, suns, turbulence},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v94/e014502},
	volume = {94},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		couette,
		flow,
		jin,
		laminar,
		suns,
		turbulence,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3545
@article{litvinov0000smoothed,

	author = {Litvinov, Sergey and Ellero, Marco and Hu, Xiangyu and Adams, Nikolaus A.},
	title = {Smoothed dissipative particle dynamics model for polymer molecules in suspension},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391994},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e066703},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, molecule, navierstokes, polymer, structure, suns, suspension},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e066703},
	volume = {77},
	pages = {APS---12},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		molecule,
		navier, stokes,
		polymer,
		structure,
		suns,
		suspension,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3546
@article{lipnikov0000multilevel,

	author = {Lipnikov, K. and Moulton, J. D. and Svyatskiy, D.},
	title = {A multilevel multiscale mimetic (M3) method for two-phase flows in porous media},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We describe a multilevel multiscale mimetic (M3) method for solving two-phase flow (water and oil) in a heterogeneous reservoir. The governing equations are the elliptic equation for the reservoir pressure and the hyperbolic equation for the water saturation. On each time step, we first solve the pressure equation and then use the computed flux in an explicit upwind finite volume method to update the saturation. To reduce the computational cost, the pressure equation is solved on a much coarser grid than the saturation equation. The coarse-grid pressure discretization captures the influence of multiple scales via the subgrid modeling technique for single-phase flow recently proposed in [Yu. A. Kuznetsov. Mixed finite element method for diffusion equations on polygonal meshes with mixed cells. J. Numer. Math., 14 (4) (2006) 305-315; V. Gvozdev. discretization of the diffusion and Maxwell equations on polyhedral meshes. Technical Report Ph.D. Thesis, University of Houston, 2007; Yu. Kuznetsov. Mixed finite element methods on polyhedral meshes for diffusion equations, in: Computational Modeling with PDEs in Science and Engineering, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, in press]. We extend significantly the applicability of this technique by developing a new robust and efficient method for estimating the flux coarsening parameters. Specifically, with this advance the M3 method can handle full permeability tensors and general coarsening strategies, which may generate polygonal meshes on the coarse grid. These problem dependent coarsening parameters also play a critical role in the interpolation of the flux, and hence, in the advection of saturation for two-phase flow. Numerical experiments for two-phase flow in highly heterogeneous permeability fields, including layer 68 of the SPE Tenth Comparative Solution Project, demonstrate that the M3 method retains good accuracy for high coarsening factors in both directions, up to 64 for the considered models. Moreover, we demonstrate that with a simple and efficient temporal updating strategy for the coarsening parameters, we achieve accuracy comparable to the fine-scale solution, but at a fraction of the cost.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391993},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4S62RV1-1/1/61c817d54c43196e0cf7dc417bc468a0},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, discretization, flow, jin, medium, mimetic, multigrid, multiscale, porosity, reservoir, suns, twophase, upscaling},
	number = {14},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4S62RV1-1/1/61c817d54c43196e0cf7dc417bc468a0},
	volume = {227},
	pages = {-6753},

	keywords = {
		discretization,
		flow,
		jin,
		medium,
		mimetic,
		multigrid,
		multiscale,
		porosity,
		reservoir,
		suns,
		twophase,
		upscaling,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3547
@article{wang0000lattice,

	author = {Wang, Chen-Hao and Ho, Jeng-Rong},
	title = {Lattice Boltzmann modeling of Bingham plastics},
	journal = {Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A new lattice Boltzmann model within the framework of D2Q9 lattices for Bingham plastics is proposed. The essence of the present model lies in incorporation of the effect of local shear rate into the lattice equilibrium distribution function. With this arrangement, particle distribution functions are able to relax to the states containing proper local shear-rate information during collisions that makes the proposed scheme a more efficient and stable one. Macroscopically, consistency of the proposed lattice Boltzmann model with the equations of motion for Bingham plastics are demonstrated through the technique of Chapman-Enskog multi-scale expansion. The benchmark problem of a 2:1 sudden expansion flow in a planar channel for a wide range of Bingham numbers, 0<=Bn<=2000, and Reynolds numbers, , are executed to verify the applicability of the present model. It is shown that both the extent and shape for yielded/unyielded regions and for corner vortexes are accurately captured and their numerical values are also in good agreement with existing results.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391992},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-4S73RDH-4/1/ab9440e948cfae1c9d80af2045cc1a9c},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bingham, boltzmann, fluid, jin, lattice, nonnewtonian, plastic, reynold, stress, suns, viscoplasticity, yield},
	number = {19-20},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-4S73RDH-4/1/ab9440e948cfae1c9d80af2045cc1a9c},
	volume = {387},
	pages = {-4748},

	keywords = {
		bingham,
		boltzmann,
		fluid,
		jin,
		lattice,
		nonnewtonian,
		plastic,
		reynold,
		stress,
		suns,
		viscoplasticity,
		yield,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3548
@article{morfill0000from,

	author = {Morfill, G. E. and Khrapak, S. A. and Ivlev, A. V. and Klumov, B. A. and Rubin-Zuzic, M. and Thomas, H. M.},
	title = {From Fluid Flows to Crystallization: New Results from Complex Plasmas},
	journal = {Physica Scripta},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The diversity of complex plasma systems is discussed and the various systems are quantified in terms of the "state variables" G and k (see text). It is shown that complex plasmas may exist as crystals, one-phase fluids, two-phase fluids and granular media. The kinetic details and origins of localized shear flows during the liquid-solid phase transition are investigated, as well as plane and curved shears--both on the basis of measurements and simulations. The origins of kinetic instabilities are then briefly discussed.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391991},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:15},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {T107},
	pages = {-64},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3549
@article{weingartner0000effect,

	author = {Weingartner, B. and Osinov, V. A. and Wu, W.},
	title = {Effect of inherent anisotropy on acceleration wave speeds in hypoplasticity},
	journal = {International Journal of Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Generally, soils possess an inherent fabric with transverse isotropy on the bedding plane. As a consequence, the deformation-stress characteristics show a dependence on the loading direction. Anisotropy is characterized by a vector normal to the bedding plane. In this paper we investigate the speeds of acceleration waves in an inherently anisotropic hypoplastic material. For the incrementally nonlinear hypoplastic constitutive equation the wave speed spectrum is continuous in contrast to discrete spectra in incrementally linear constitutive models. The so-called flutter instability arises when the equation for the wave speeds has complex solutions. In the principal stress space, a surface of first occurrence of flutter instability can be identified by analogy with the failure surface defined by a vanishing stress rate. We analyse the influence of the anisotropy on these surfaces and the change in their shape and symmetries depending on the bedding angle.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391990},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V32-4RR8V9B-2/1/1aee95ee43f11c5a3ea2d57ce0433fe9},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, acceleration, anisotropy, flutter, hypoplasticity, instability, jin, speed, suns, wave},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V32-4RR8V9B-2/1/1aee95ee43f11c5a3ea2d57ce0433fe9},
	volume = {46},
	pages = {-292},

	keywords = {
		acceleration,
		anisotropy,
		flutter,
		hypoplasticity,
		instability,
		jin,
		speed,
		suns,
		wave,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3550
@article{arslan2008finite_1,

	author = {Arslan, Haydar and Sture, S.},
	title = {Finite element analysis of localization and micro-macro structure relation in granular materials. Part II: Implementation and simulations},
	journal = {Acta Mechanica},
	year = {2008},

	abstract = {Summary\~{}\\~{}The formation of strain localization influences the stability and stiffness of the soil mass or geosystem. The thickness of shear bands provides insight about overall strength and stiffness inside the granular body, and the shear band angle gives information about the failure surface in a given soil or soil mass. Thus, it is important to be able to predict when a shear band forms and how this zone of intense deformation is located and oriented within the granular medium. A rational finite element analysis for capturing the formation and development of shear bands has been performed and implemented by using a Cosserat continuum in finite element simulations. An extension of plane strain Drucker--Prager elastoplasticity to Cosserat continua is implemented in ABAQUS by using its User-defined ELement (UEL) option. The finite element formulation is discussed in the companion paper. The length scale--size effect relation has been investigated to understand the micro--macro structure relation. Several practical engineering problems are simulated in two dimensions by using the finite element code ABAQUS together with analyst-supplied extensions. The effect of Cosserat parameters on the finite element simulations has been simulated.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391989},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00707-007-0514-0},
	doi = {10.1007/s00707-007-0514-0},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00707-007-0514-0},
	volume = {197},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_UNMATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3551
@article{arslan2008finite_2,

	author = {Arslan, Haydar and Sture, S.},
	title = {Finite element analysis of localization and micro-macro structure relation in granular materials. Part I: Formulation},
	journal = {Acta Mechanica},
	year = {2008},

	abstract = {Summary\~{}\\~{}The formation of strain localization influences the stability and stiffness of the soil mass or geosystem. The thickness of shear bands provides insight into overall strength and stiffness inside the granular body, and the shear band angle gives information about the failure surface in a given soil or soil mass. Thus, it is important to be able to predict when a shear band forms and how this zone of intense deformation is located and oriented within the granular medium. A rational finite element analysis for capturing the formation and development of shear bands has been formulated by using a micropolar continuum in finite element analysis. Hardening parameters including nonsymmetric stress and length scale are implemented for a realistic stress--strain analysis. Implementation and simulations of the model will be discussed in the Part II of this research. The micro--macro structure relation for finite element analysis based on this formulation paper will be simulated in the corresponding paper.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391988},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00707-007-0512-2},
	doi = {10.1007/s00707-007-0512-2},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00707-007-0512-2},
	volume = {197},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_UNMATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3552
@article{fang2008modeling_1,

	author = {Fang, Chung},
	title = {Modeling dry granular mass flows as elasto-visco-hypoplastic continua with microstructural effects. II. Numerical simulations of benchmark flow problems},
	journal = {Acta Mechanica},
	year = {2008},

	abstract = {Summary\~{}\\~{}This paper continues Part I, in which dry granular mass flows were modeled as elasto-visco-hypoplastic continua with microstructural effects. A complete set of thermodynamically consistent constitutive equations was obtained, in which hypoplasticity was in particular incorporated to account for the frictional and plastic characteristics of granular media. Here the established thermodynamically consistent constitutive model is applied to investigate steady, isothermal shearing flows with incompressible grains of benchmark problems, namely, simple plane shear flow, inclined gravity-driven surface flow and plane Poiseuille flow. Numerical results show that the hypoplastic effect plays a significant role in the behavior of a flowing dry granular mass. The obtained profiles of the velocity and the volume fraction with hypoplastic features are obviously sharper and the shear-thinning effect is more significant than without such plastic effects. The present model shows a good potential to describe the complex elasto-visco-plastic behavior and the microstructural effects of granular flows simultaneously; wide applicability of the model in the fields of granular avalanches, debris and soil flows may be possible.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391987},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00707-007-0511-3},
	doi = {10.1007/s00707-007-0511-3},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00707-007-0511-3},
	volume = {197},
	pages = {-209},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3553
@article{fang2008modeling_2,

	author = {Fang, C.},
	title = {Modeling dry granular mass flows as elasto-visco-hypoplastic continua with microstructural effects. I. Thermodynamically consistent constitutive model},
	journal = {Acta Mechanica},
	year = {2008},

	abstract = {Summary\~{}\\~{}On the basis of the revised Goodman-Cowin theory, dry granular mass flows are modeled as elasto-visco-plastic continua with microstructural effects. In particular, hypoplasticity is incorporated to account for the plastic deformations and internal-friction characteristics of the material. The constitutive equations comprise of the equilibrium and non-equilibrium parts. A thermodynamic analysis, based on the M\"{u}ller--Liu entropy principle, is performed to derive the ultimate equilibrium expressions of the constitutive variables, while the non-equilibrium responses are postulated by use of a quasi-linear theory. Results show that the revised Goodman--Cowin theory can appropriately be extended to take the frictional and plastic effects into account. These are revealed in the additonal plastic contributions in the equilibrium expressions of the Cauchy stress tensor and the balance equations of two internal variables. It is also shown that the present model is capable of describing the complex elasto-viscous-plastic behaviour of granular materials in static/quasi-static as well as in dynamic situations. This paper is devoted to the derivation of the thermodynamically consistent constitutive model. Its applications to benchmark problems and the justified evaluation of its performance and limitations are deferred to the other further paper.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391986},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00707-007-0513-1},
	doi = {10.1007/s00707-007-0513-1},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00707-007-0513-1},
	volume = {197},
	pages = {-189},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3554
@article{buehler0000atomic,

	author = {Buehler, Markus J. and Hartmaier, Alexander and Gao, Huajian and Duchaineau, Mark and Abraham, Farid F.},
	title = {Atomic plasticity: description and analysis of a one-billion atom simulation of ductile materials failure},
	journal = {Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Large scale atomic simulations are becoming an increasingly important tool in modeling deformation and failure mechanisms of materials. Here we describe and analyze a recent one-billion-atom simulation of ductile materials failure [PNAS 99 (9) (2002) 5783] where the complexity of creation and collective behavior of thousands of dislocations are revealed, for the first time, from atomic to submicron length scales. The amount of information that can be extracted from such large-scale simulations is truly overwhelming, and graphic visualization of dynamic dislocation motion and interactions are breathtaking. We present some of our preliminary analysis of the one-billion-atom simulation which indicates several interesting and unique features characterizing interactions among a large number of dislocations. A sessile defect structure is observed to develop on the time scale of several picoseconds, effectively locking further dislocation motion and causing the material to work harden. We make analysis of the activated slip systems, the dislocation reactions leading to rigid junctions and the formation of sessile defect structure. In order to render the present study more comprehensive to the readers from a continuum plasticity background and stimulate further interests in this area of research, we also include some brief reviews of some of the previous studies as well as commonly used simulation, visualization and analysis techniques on atomistic modeling of dislocation plasticity. Finally, we discuss possible ways to link continuum mechanics theories of plasticity with atomistic simulation results via the dislocation density tensor.},
	booktitle = {Advances in Computational Plasticity},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391985},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V29-4DCWJ8J-1/1/2304f4be039c710a04fab0badf0ac502},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, atomic, continuum, failure, hardening, jin, material, mdmoleculedynamics, plasticity, suns},
	number = {48-51},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V29-4DCWJ8J-1/1/2304f4be039c710a04fab0badf0ac502},
	volume = {193},
	pages = {-5282},

	keywords = {
		atomic,
		continuum,
		failure,
		hardening,
		jin,
		material,
		md, molecule, dynamics,
		plasticity,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3555
@article{josserand0000granular,

	author = {Josserand, C. and Lagr\'{e}e and Lhuillier, D.},
	title = {Granular pressure and the thickness of a layer jamming on a rough incline},
	journal = {EPL (Europhysics Letters)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Granular media with a compaction between the random loose and random close packings have very specific features. Among them is the "disorder" pressure which strongly depends on the solid fraction and is pertinent for moving media only. The concept of a granular pressure depending on the solid fraction is not unanimously accepted because dense granular media are often in a frozen state which prevents them from exploring all their possible microstates, a necessary condition for defining a pressure and a compressibility unambiguously. While periodic tapping or cyclic fluidization have already been used for that exploration, we here suggest that a succession of flowing states with velocities slowly decreasing down to zero can also be used for that purpose. And we propose to deduce the pressure in dense and flowing granular media from experiments measuring the thickness of the granular layer that remains on a rough incline just after the flow has jammed.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391983},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:14},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {73},
	pages = {-369},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3556
@article{puzrin0000thermomechanical,

	author = {Puzrin, A. M. and Houlsby, G. T.},
	title = {A thermomechanical framework for rate-independent dissipative materials with internal functions},
	journal = {International Journal of Plasticity},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This paper builds on previous work by Houlsby and Puzrin (Int. J. Plasticity 16 (2000) 1017) in which a framework was set out for the derivation of rate-independent plasticity theory from thermodynamic considerations. A key feature of the formalism is that the entire constitutive response is determined by knowledge of two scalar functions. The loading history is effectively captured through the use of internal variables. In this paper, we extend the concept of internal variables to that of internal functions, which represent infinite numbers of internal variables. In this case the thermodynamic functions are replaced by functionals. We set out the formalism necessary to derive constitutive behaviour within this approach. The principal advantages of this development is that it can provide realistic modelling of kinematic hardening effects and smooth transitions between elastic and elastic-plastic behaviour.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391982},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-43GCNKN-5/1/7cbaae3a3803faae8d20c2220ea10732},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, elasticityplasticity, energy, jin, material, suns, thermodynamics},
	number = {8},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:14},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-43GCNKN-5/1/7cbaae3a3803faae8d20c2220ea10732},
	volume = {17},
	pages = {-1165},

	keywords = {
		elasticity, plasticity,
		energy,
		jin,
		material,
		suns,
		thermodynamics,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3557
@article{houlsby0000thermomechanical,

	author = {Houlsby, G. T. and Puzrin, A. M.},
	title = {A thermomechanical framework for constitutive models for rate-independent dissipative materials},
	journal = {International Journal of Plasticity},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A formulation of elastic-plastic theory for rate independent materials is described, based on the use of thermodynamic potentials. The four energy functions commonly used in thermodynamics (internal energy, Helmholtz free energy, enthalpy and Gibbs free energy) are used to provide descriptions depending on which combinations of the stress, strain, temperature and entropy are taken as the independent variables. Much use is made of Legendre transformations to establish the links between the different energy functions. Dissipative behaviour is introduced through the use of kinematic internal parameters, and their conjugate variables, which are termed generalised stresses. A dissipation function or a yield function is used to describe the irreversible behaviour, and these are related by a degenerate case of the Legendre transformation. A central theme is that the constitutive behaviour is entirely determined by the knowledge of two scalar potentials. A systematic presentation is made of 16 possible ways of formulating constitutive behaviour within this framework. From four of these forms it is possible to establish the incremental response entirely by differentiation of the two potentials and by standard matrix manipulation. Examples are provided of the forms of the potentials for certain simple cases. The paper builds on previous work by Ziegler and other authors, and extends and generalises work by Collins and Houlsby to include thermal effects.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391981},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-40S0CP7-1/1/b9df9a9b19401e0a12986e50c9dba0ef},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dissipation, energy, hyperplasticity, internal, jin, suns, thermodynamics},
	number = {9},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:14},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-40S0CP7-1/1/b9df9a9b19401e0a12986e50c9dba0ef},
	volume = {16},
	pages = {-1047},

	keywords = {
		dissipation,
		energy,
		hyperplasticity,
		internal,
		jin,
		suns,
		thermodynamics,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3558
@article{kumaran0000dense,

	author = {Kumaran, V.},
	title = {Dense granular flow down an inclined plane: from kinetic theory to granular dynamics},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {ABSTRACT The hydrodynamics of the dense granular flow of rough inelastic particles down an inclined plane is analysed using constitutive relations derived from kinetic theory. The basic equations are the momentum and energy conservation equations, and the granular energy conservation equation contains a term which represents the dissipation of energy due to inelastic collisions. A fundamental length scale in the flow is the , the flow in the bulk is analysed using an asymptotic analysis in the small parameter /h)2 smaller than the leading-order volume fraction. The numerical value of this correction is found to be negligible for systems of practical interest, resulting in a lack of variation of volume fraction with height in the bulk.The flow in the of thickness comparable to the conduction length at the bottom and top is analysed. Asymptotic analysis is used to simplify the governing equations to a second-order differential equation in the scaled cross-stream coordinate, and the resulting equation has the form of a diffusion equation. However, depending on the parameters in the constitutive model, it is found that the diffusion coefficient could be positive or negative. Domains in the parameter space where the diffusion coefficients are positive and negative are identified, and analytical solutions for the boundary layer equations, subject to appropriate boundary conditions, are obtained when the diffusion coefficient is positive. There is no boundary layer solution that matches the solution in the bulk for parameter regions where the diffusion coefficient is negative, indicating that a steady solution does not exist. An analytical result is derived showing that a boundary layer solution exists (diffusion coefficient is positive) if, and only if, the numerical values of the viscometric coefficients are such that volume fraction in the bulk decreases as the angle of inclination increases. If the numerical values of the viscometric coefficients are such that the volume fraction in the bulk increases as the angle of inclination increases, a boundary layer solution does not exist.The results are extended to dense flows in thin layers using asymptotic analysis. Use is made of the fact that the pair distribution function is numerically large for dense flows, and the inverse of the pair distribution function is used as a small parameter. This approximation results in a nonlinear second-order differential equation for the pair distribution function, which is solved subject to boundary conditions. For a dissipative base, it is found that a flowing solution exists only when the height is larger than a critical value, whereas the temperature decreases to zero and the flow stops when the height becomes smaller than this critical value. This is because the dissipation at the base becomes a larger fraction of the total dissipation as the height is decreased, and there is a minimum height below which the rate of production due to shear is not sufficient to compensate for the rate of dissipation at the base. The scaling of the minimum height with dissipation in the base, the bulk volume fraction and the parameters in the constitutive relations are determined. From this, the variation of the minimum height on the angle of inclination is obtained, and this is found to be in qualitative agreement with previous experiments and simulations.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391980},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&#38;aid=1804812&#38;fulltextType=RA&#38;fileId=S002211200700002X},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:14},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&#38;aid=1804812&#38;fulltextType=RA&#38;fileId=S002211200700002X},
	volume = {599},
	pages = {121--168},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3559
@article{igci0000filtered,

	author = {Igci, Yesim and Andrews, Arthur T. and Sundaresan, Sankaran and Pannala, Sreekanth and O'Brien, Thomas},
	title = {Filtered two-fluid models for fluidized gas-particle suspensions},
	journal = {AIChE Journal},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391979},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	old_pages = {1448},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:14},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {54},
	pages = {1448},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3560
@article{mathur0000pressurebased,

	author = {Mathur, S. R. and Murthy, J. Y.},
	title = {A PRESSURE-BASED METHOD FOR UNSTRUCTURED MESHES},
	journal = {Numerical Heat Transfer, Part B: Fundamentals},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This article presents a finite-volume scheme for multidimensional incompressible flows. Unstructured, solution-adaptive meshes composed of arbitrary convex palyhedra are used. A cell-centered equal-order formulation is developed. Gradients required for the evaluation of diffusion fluxes and for second-order-accurate convective operators are found by linear reconstruction. An additive-correction multigrid scheme is used to solve the resulting discrete equations. Pressure and velocity are stored at cell centers; momentum interpolation is used to prevent pressure checkerboarding. The SIMPLE algorithm is used for pressure-velocity coupling. Schemes for hanging-node and conformed adaption are implemented. The scheme is applied to benchmark problems using a variety of quadrilateral/hexahedral, triangular/tetrahedral, and hybrid meshes, and is shown to perform satisfactorily.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391978},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.informaworld.com/10.1080/10407799708915105},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:14},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.informaworld.com/10.1080/10407799708915105},
	volume = {31},
	pages = {Taylor \& Francis---215},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3561
@article{hecke0000materials,

	author = {Hecke, Martin},
	title = {MATERIALS SCIENCE: Shape Matters},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391977},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1145113},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5834},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:14},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	volume = {317},
	pages = {-50},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3562
@article{narayan0000longlived,

	author = {Narayan, Vijay and Ramaswamy, Sriram and Menon, Narayanan},
	title = {Long-Lived Giant Number Fluctuations in a Swarming Granular Nematic},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Coherently moving flocks of birds, beasts, or bacteria are examples of living matter with spontaneous orientational order. How do these systems differ from thermal equilibrium systems with such liquid crystalline order? Working with a fluidized monolayer of macroscopic rods in the nematic liquid crystalline phase, we find giant number fluctuations consistent with a standard deviation growing linearly with the mean, in contrast to any situation where the central limit theorem applies. These fluctuations are long-lived, decaying only as a logarithmic function of time. This shows that flocking, coherent motion, and large-scale inhomogeneity can appear in a system in which particles do not communicate except by contact.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391976},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/317/5834/105},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1140414},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5834},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:14},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/317/5834/105},
	volume = {317},
	pages = {-108},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3563
@article{depken0000stresses,

	author = {Depken, M. and Lechman, J. B. and Hecke, M. Van and Saarloos, W. Van and Grest, G. S.},
	title = {Stresses in smooth flows of dense granular media},
	journal = {EPL (Europhysics Letters)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The form of the stress tensor is investigated in smooth, dense granular flows which are generated in split-bottom shear geometries. We find that, within a fluctuation fluidized spatial region, the form of the stress tensor is directly dictated by the flow field: The stress and strain-rate tensors are co-linear. The effective friction, defined as the ratio between shear and normal stresses acting on a shearing plane, is found not to be constant but to vary throughout the flowing zone. This variation cannot be explained by inertial effects, but appears to be set by the local geometry of the flow field. This is in agreement with a recent prediction, but in contrast with most models for slow grain flows, and points to there being a subtle mechanism that selects the flow profiles.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391975},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	old_pages = {58001+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:14},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {58001+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3564
@article{ellenbroek0000critical,

	author = {Ellenbroek, Wouter G. and Somfai, Ellak and van Hecke, Martin and van Saarloos, Wim},
	title = {Critical Scaling in Linear Response of Frictionless Granular Packings near Jamming},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391974},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v97/e258001},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {25},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:14},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v97/e258001},
	volume = {97},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3565
@article{cheng0000threedimensional,

	author = {Cheng, Xiang and Lechman, Jeremy B. and Fernandez-Barbero, Antonio and Grest, Gary S. and Jaeger, Heinrich M. and Karczmar, Greg S. and Mobius, Matthias E. and Nagel, Sidney R.},
	title = {Three-Dimensional Shear in Granular Flow},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391973},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v96/e038001},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, couette, flow, granular, jin, magnetic, resonance, shear, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:14},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v96/e038001},
	volume = {96},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		couette,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		magnetic,
		resonance,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3566
@article{zeghal0000liquefaction,

	author = {Zeghal, M. and El Shamy, U.},
	title = {Liquefaction of saturated loose and cemented granular soils},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A coupled continuum-discrete hydromechanical model was utilized to analyze the liquefaction of saturated granular soils in loose and cemented deposits. The pore fluid motion was idealized using averaged Navier-Stokes equations and the discrete element method was employed to model the granular particles. Parallel bonds were used to idealize the effects of inter-particle cementation. Well established semi-empirical relationships were utilized to quantify the fluid-particle interactions. Numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the response of saturated granular deposits when subjected to a dynamic base excitation. The outcome of these simulations was consistent with experimental observations, and revealed a number of salient micro-mechanical mechanisms associated with soil liquefaction and the impact of cementation. The employed continuum-discrete hydromechanical model provides an effective tool to assess the intricate micro-mechanical response mechanism of saturated loose and cemented soils.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391972},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4R7J64W-5/1/fad6d764a4c39ee75deb74ae6495ff63},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, cemented, discrete, granular, jin, liquefaction, navierstokes, saturation, soil, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:14},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4R7J64W-5/1/fad6d764a4c39ee75deb74ae6495ff63},
	volume = {184},
	pages = {-265},

	keywords = {
		cemented,
		discrete,
		granular,
		jin,
		liquefaction,
		navier, stokes,
		saturation,
		soil,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3567
@article{midi0000dense,

	author = {MiDi, G. D. R.},
	title = {On dense granular flows.},
	journal = {European Physical Journal E -- Soft Matter},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The behaviour of dense assemblies of dry grains submitted to continuous shear deformation has been the subject of many experiments and discrete particle simulations. This paper is a collective work carried out among the French research group Groupement de Recherche Milieux Divis\~{A}{\\copyright}s (GDR MiDi). It proceeds from the collection of results on steady uniform granular flows obtained by different groups in six different geometries both in experiments and numerical works. The goal is to achieve a coherent presentation of the relevant quantities to be measuredi.e.flowing thresholds, kinematic profiles, effective friction, etc. First, a quantitative comparison between data coming from different experiments in the same geometry identifies the robust features in each case. Second, a transverse analysis of the data across the different configurations, allows us to identify the relevant dimensionless parameters, the different flow regimes and to propose simple interpretations. The present work, more than a simple juxtaposition of results, demonstrates the richness of granular flows and underlines the open problem of defining a single rheology. \\$[\\$ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR\\$]\\$},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391971},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&#38;db=aph&#38;AN=14353961&#38;site=ehost-live},
	comment = {Accession Number: 14353961; MiDi, G. D. R. 1; Email Address: gdrmidi\char64polytech.univ-mrs.fr; Affiliation: 1: Groupement De Recherche Milieux Divis\~{A}{\copyright}es, CNRS, GDR2181, France; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p341; Subject Term: GRANULAR materials; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: KINEMATICS; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: RHEOLOGY; Number of Pages: 25p; Illustrations: 5 charts, 4 diagrams, 9 graphs; Document Type: Article},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, deformation, geometry, granular, jin, kinematics, material, mechanics, rheology, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:14},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&#38;db=aph&#38;AN=14353961&#38;site=ehost-live},
	volume = {14},
	pages = {Springer Science \& Business Media B.V.---305},

	keywords = {
		deformation,
		geometry,
		granular,
		jin,
		kinematics,
		material,
		mechanics,
		rheology,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3568
@article{lemaitre0000rearrangements,

	author = {Lemaitre, Anael},
	title = {Rearrangements and Dilatancy for Sheared Dense Materials},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391970},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v89/e195503},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {19},
	old_pages = {195503+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:14},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v89/e195503},
	volume = {89},
	pages = {195503+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3569
@article{feitosa0000fluidized,

	author = {Feitosa, Klebert and Menon, Narayanan},
	title = {Fluidized Granular Medium as an Instance of the Fluctuation Theorem},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391969},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v92/e164301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {16},
	old_pages = {164301+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:14},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v92/e164301},
	volume = {92},
	pages = {164301+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3570
@article{xie0000effects_1,

	author = {Xie, Nan and Battaglia, Francine and Pannala, Sreekanth},
	title = {Effects of using two- versus three-dimensional computational modeling of fluidized beds: Part I, hydrodynamics},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Simulations of fluidized beds are performed to study and determine the effect on the use of coordinate systems and geometrical configurations to model fluidized bed reactors. Computational fluid dynamics is employed for an Eulerian-Eulerian model, which represents each phase as an interspersed continuum. The transport equation for granular temperature is solved and a hyperbolic tangent function is used to provide a smooth transition between the plastic and viscous regimes for the solid phase. The aim of the present work is to show the range of validity for employing simulations based on a 2D Cartesian coordinate system to approximate both cylindrical and rectangular fluidized beds. Three different fluidization regimes, bubbling, slugging and turbulent regimes, are investigated and the results of 2D and 3D simulations are presented for both cylindrical and rectangular domains. The results demonstrate that a 2D Cartesian system can be used to successfully simulate and predict a bubbling regime. However, caution must be exercised when using 2D Cartesian coordinates for other fluidized regimes. A budget analysis that explains all the differences in detail is presented in Part II [N. Xie, F. Battaglia, S. Pannala, Effects of Using Two-Versus Three-Dimensional Computational Modeling of Fluidized Beds: Part II, budget analysis, 182 (1) (2007) 14] to complement the hydrodynamic theory of this paper.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391968},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4P61N9D-3/1/0159efc66cb38739c10cafb60a1d0cb8},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, flow, fluid, fluidization, gassolid, hydrodynamics, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:14},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4P61N9D-3/1/0159efc66cb38739c10cafb60a1d0cb8},
	volume = {182},
	pages = {-13},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		flow,
		fluid,
		fluidization,
		gas, solid,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3571
@article{xie0000effects_2,

	author = {Xie, Nan and Battaglia, Francine and Pannala, Sreekanth},
	title = {Effects of using two- versus three-dimensional computational modeling of fluidized beds: Part II, budget analysis},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The partial differential equations for modeling gas-solid flows using computational fluid dynamics are compared for different coordinate systems. The numerical results of 2D and 3D simulations for both cylindrical and rectangular domains are presented in Part I (N. Xie, F. Battaglia, S. Pannala, Effects of using two- versus three-dimensional computational modeling of fluidized beds: Part I, Hydrodynamics (2007-this volume), doi:10.1016/j.powtec.2007.07.005), comparing the hydrodynamic features of a fluidized bed. The individual terms of the governing equations in 2D and 3D simulations with the cylindrical and Cartesian coordinate systems are evaluated in this study through a budget analysis. The additional terms appearing in the 3D equations can be used to explain the discrepancies between 2D and 3D simulations. The values of the additional terms is shown to increase as inlet gas velocity increases. This explains the good agreement between 2D and 3D simulations that is observed for bubbling regimes with low gas velocity, and why the differences between 2D and 3D simulations increases for slugging and turbulent regimes.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391967},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4PT297B-1/1/5da92e7bad07d26aa7d27694d1fbf4e2},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, flow, fluid, fluidization, gassolid, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:14},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4PT297B-1/1/5da92e7bad07d26aa7d27694d1fbf4e2},
	volume = {182},
	pages = {-24},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		flow,
		fluid,
		fluidization,
		gas, solid,
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3572
@article{maxey0000localized,

	author = {Maxey, M. R. and Patel, B. K.},
	title = {Localized force representations for particles sedimenting in Stokes flow},
	journal = {International Journal of Multiphase Flow},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391966},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V45-437XP9Y-6/2/6c959708fa151cdfbdc84972d18dbfaf},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {9},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:14},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V45-437XP9Y-6/2/6c959708fa151cdfbdc84972d18dbfaf},
	volume = {27},
	pages = {-1626},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3573
@article{aarons0000shear_1,

	author = {Aarons, Lee and Sundaresan, Sankaran},
	title = {Shear flow of assemblies of cohesive granular materials under constant applied normal stress},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We have studied plane shear flow of nearly homogeneous assemblies of uniformly sized, spherical, cohesive particles in periodic domains under constant applied normal stress. Our focus has been on (a) exploration of the effect of inter-particle attractive forces on the flow behavior manifested by dense assemblies under constant applied normal stress, and (b) comparison of the rheological characteristics observed under constant-applied normal stress and constant-volume conditions. As a model problem, the cohesion resulting from van der Waals force acting between particles is considered. Simulations were performed for different strengths of cohesion, shear rates, and applied stresses. From each simulation, the volume fraction, shear stress and the average coordination number have been extracted. We find that cohesive assemblies sheared under constant applied normal stress shear differently from those sheared at constant volume only in the dynamic sense, while the time-averaged rheological characteristics are essentially indistinguishable. At constant volume, the fluctuations in shear stress are larger than, but have the same dependence on cohesion as under constant applied normal stress. This study has also exposed a pronounced dependence of the apparent coefficient of friction on particle volume fraction in the quasi-static flow regime.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391965},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4RSYCBR-1/2/b98a82988bd23faab220601b8475909e},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, cohesion, discrete, flow, jin, powder, regime, shear, stress, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:14},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4RSYCBR-1/2/b98a82988bd23faab220601b8475909e},
	volume = {183},
	pages = {-355},

	keywords = {
		cohesion,
		discrete,
		flow,
		jin,
		powder,
		regime,
		shear,
		stress,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3574
@article{nematnasser0000phenomenological,

	author = {Nemat-Nasser, Sia},
	title = {Phenomenological theories of elastoplasticity and strain localization at high strain rates},
	journal = {Applied Mechanics Reviews},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391964},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:14},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {45},
	pages = {-45},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3575
@article{subhash0000experimental,

	author = {Subhash, G. and Nemat-Nasser, S. and Mehrabadi, M. M. and Shodj, H. M.},
	title = {Experimental investigation of fabric-stress relations in granular materials},
	journal = {Mechanics of Materials},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A brief summary of some relevant theoretical and experimental results on the microscopic aspects of the response of granular masses is presented. The results of a series of experiments involving simple shearing under a constant confining pressure, performed on photoelastic rod-like granules (plane strain) are reported. In these experiments, the components of various fabric tensors are measured, and their variations over one cycle of shearing are examined and compared. The orientations of the principal axes of all commonly used fabric tensors are observed to change sharply with the reversal of the shearing direction. It is also concluded that, in general, second-order fabric tensors are not adequate to accurately describe the distribution of fabric measures such as the distribution density function of unit contact normals or unit branches which are unit vectors along line segments connecting the centroids of adjacent contacting granules. This is particularly so when the response of the granular mass is highly anisotropic. Finally, the expression for the macroscopic stress in terms of the contact forces and other local quantities, is reviewed and its experimental verification is discussed.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391963},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TX6-47Y9N9H-3T/2/a3c996b411c6c121c34a33686c2490bd},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TX6-47Y9N9H-3T/2/a3c996b411c6c121c34a33686c2490bd},
	volume = {11},
	pages = {-106},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3576
@article{balendran0000double,

	author = {Balendran, B. and Nemat-Nasser, Sia},
	title = {Double sliding model for cyclic deformation of granular materials, including dilatancy effects},
	journal = {Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A model is developed for monotonic as well as cyclic deformation of granular materials based on a double sliding mechanism. The inelastic deformation is regarded to consist of two superimposed sliding deformations, along preferred sliding planes which are obtained from a variant of Coulomb's criterion, incorporating the resistance due to the stress normal to the sliding planes and the hydrostatic pressure. The sliding is accompanied by volumetric straining which is related to the shear strain through the energy equation associated with the frictional loss. Hardening laws are proposed for the evolution of the frictional resistance which increases and saturates in continuous loading and decreases first upon unloading and then increases and saturates in reverse loading. The resistance due to hydrostatic pressure is assumed to increase with density. The model is applied to simple shear and biaxial compression tests, and is shown to have attributes of the experimentally observed results in monotonic, as well as in cyclic loadings, for both dense and loose samples. In particular, the observed initial densification and subsequent dilatancy are nicely predicted. Finally it is shown that the model predicts large increases of the confining pressure, and hence the flow stress, upon pure shearing of confined granules with very small void ratios, e.g. pulverized ceramics with inertial confinement, in shock loading of ceramics.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391962},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-46PYMDK-2F/2/cb5af2784f2dad20e46b17c4672cdf5a},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-46PYMDK-2F/2/cb5af2784f2dad20e46b17c4672cdf5a},
	volume = {41},
	pages = {-612},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3577
@article{carpinteri0000scaling,

	author = {Carpinteri, Alberto and Cornetti, Pietro and Puzzi, Simone},
	title = {Scaling Laws and Multiscale Approach in the Mechanics of Heterogeneous and Disordered Materials},
	journal = {Applied Mechanics Reviews},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391961},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?AMR/59/283/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, crack, ductilebrittle, fractal, fracture, jin, mechanics, strength, suns, tensile, transition},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?AMR/59/283/1},
	volume = {59},
	pages = {ASME---305},

	keywords = {
		crack,
		ductile, brittle,
		fractal,
		fracture,
		jin,
		mechanics,
		strength,
		suns,
		tensile,
		transition,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3578
@article{hu0000multiphase,

	author = {Hu, X. Y. and Adams, N. A.},
	title = {A multi-phase SPH method for macroscopic and mesoscopic flows},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A multi-phase smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method for both macroscopic and mesoscopic flows is proposed. Since the particle-averaged spatial derivative approximations are derived from a particle smoothing function in which the neighboring particles only contribute to the specific volume, while maintaining mass conservation, the new method handles density discontinuities across phase interfaces naturally. Accordingly, several aspects of multi-phase interactions are addressed. First, the newly formulated viscous terms allow for a discontinuous viscosity and ensure continuity of velocity and shear stress across the phase interface. Based on this formulation thermal fluctuations are introduced in a straightforward way. Second, a new simple algorithm capable for three or more immiscible phases is developed. Mesocopic interface slippage is included based on the apparent slip assumption which ensures continuity at the phase interface. To show the validity of the present method numerical examples on capillary waves, three-phase interactions, drop deformation in a shear flow, and mesoscopic channel flows are considered.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391960},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4HC0R8S-2/2/f6f68dbdc2527ee2b321c93279dbe5e8},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, jin, macroscopic, mesoscopic, multiphase, particle, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4HC0R8S-2/2/f6f68dbdc2527ee2b321c93279dbe5e8},
	volume = {213},
	pages = {-861},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		jin,
		macroscopic,
		mesoscopic,
		multiphase,
		particle,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3579
@article{mills0000rheology,

	author = {Mills, P. and Rognon, P. G. and Chevoir, F.},
	title = {Rheology and structure of granular materials near the jamming transition},
	journal = {EPL (Europhysics Letters)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The shear stress of non-cohesive granular material in the vicinity of the jamming transition is supposed to be connected to the formation of transient rigid clusters of particles. The characteristics of these transient clusters are investigated as a function of the imposed pressure, the solid volume fraction and the shear rate. This is responsible for an increase of the shear stress for a vanishing shear rate, which leads to an instability close to the jamming transition. We discuss the consequences for stick-slip motion and flows down an inclined plane, in agreement with the observations. Then, the oscillation of the granular material between two jam-flow states generates fast velocity fluctuations which result in a mean frictional force proportional to the mean velocity relative to the jammed state in the flow direction. Accordingly the velocity field in a simple shear flow is governed by a Brinkman equation and any symmetry break favours a strain localization. This analysis might be extended to the case of granular pastes.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391959},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	old_pages = {64005+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {81},
	pages = {64005+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3580
@article{coste0000shearing,

	author = {Coste, C.},
	title = {Shearing of a confined granular layer: Tangential stress and dilatancy},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391958},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v70/e051302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	old_pages = {051302+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v70/e051302},
	volume = {70},
	pages = {051302+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3581
@article{utter2004transients_1,

	author = {Utter, B. and Behringer, R. P.},
	title = {Transients in sheared granular matter},
	journal = {The European Physical Journal E - Soft Matter},
	year = {2004},

	abstract = {As dense granular materials are sheared, a shear band and an anisotropic force network form. The approach to steady-state behavior depends on the history of the packing and the existing force and contact network. We present experiments on shearing of dense granular matter in a 2D Couette geometry in which we probe the history and evolution of shear bands by measuring particle trajectories and stresses during transients. We find that when shearing is stopped and restarted in the same direction, steady-state behavior is immediately reached, in agreement with the typical assumption that the system is quasistatic. Although some relaxation of the force network is observed when shearing is stopped, quasistatic behavior is maintained because the contact network remains essentially unchanged. When the direction of shear is reversed, a transient occurs in which stresses initially decrease, changes in the force network reach further into the bulk, and particles far from the wheel become more mobile. This occurs because the force network is fragile to changes transverse to the force network established under previous shear; particles must rearrange before becoming jammed again, thereby providing resistance to shear in the reversed direction. The strong force network is re-established after displacing the shearing surface \\$\\$\\backslash\\$approx 3d\\$ , where d is the mean grain diameter. Steady-state velocity profiles are reached after a shear of \\$\\$\\backslash\\$lesssim 30d\\$ . Particles immediately outside of the shear band move on average less than 1 diameter before becoming jammed again. We also examine particle rotation during this transient and find that mean particle spin decreases during the transient, which is related to the fact that grains are not interlocked as strongly.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391957},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epje/i2004-10022-4},
	doi = {10.1140/epje/i2004-10022-4},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epje/i2004-10022-4},
	volume = {14},
	pages = {-380},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3582
@article{pouliquen0000fluctuating,

	author = {Pouliquen, O. and Belzons, M. and Nicolas, M.},
	title = {Fluctuating Particle Motion during Shear Induced Granular Compaction},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391956},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v91/e014301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {014301+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v91/e014301},
	volume = {91},
	pages = {014301+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3583
@article{mcnamara0000microscopic,

	author = {McNamara, S. and Garcia-Rojo, R. and Herrmann, H. J.},
	title = {Microscopic origin of granular ratcheting},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391955},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e031304},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, deformation, granular, jin, structure, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e031304},
	volume = {77},
	pages = {APS---12},

	keywords = {
		deformation,
		granular,
		jin,
		structure,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3584
@article{jiang0000incremental,

	author = {Jiang, Yimin and Liu, Mario},
	title = {Incremental stress-strain relation from granular elasticity: Comparison to experiments},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391954},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e021306},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, elasticity, granular, jin, material, stressstrain, structure, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v77/e021306},
	volume = {77},
	pages = {APS---9},

	keywords = {
		elasticity,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		stress, strain,
		structure,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3585
@article{alonsomarroquin0000role,

	author = {Alonso-Marroquin, F. and Luding, S. and Herrmann, H. J. and Vardoulakis, I.},
	title = {Role of anisotropy in the elastoplastic response of a polygonal packing},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391952},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v71/e051304},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, elasticityplasticity, flow, granular, jin, material, modulus, plastic, poisson, ratio, suns, young},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v71/e051304},
	volume = {71},
	pages = {051304:1--18},

	keywords = {
		elasticity, plasticity,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		modulus,
		plastic,
		poisson,
		ratio,
		suns,
		young,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3586
@article{alonsomarroquin0000ratcheting,

	author = {Alonso-Marroqu'{\i}n, F. and Herrmann, H. J.},
	title = {Ratcheting of Granular Materials},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391951},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v92/e054301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	old_pages = {054301+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v92/e054301},
	volume = {92},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_UNMATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3587
@article{marmottant2007elastic,

	author = {Marmottant, P. and Graner, F.},
	title = {An elastic, plastic, viscous model for slow shear of a liquid foam},
	journal = {The European Physical Journal E - Soft Matter},
	year = {2007},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391950},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epje/i2006-10193-x},
	doi = {10.1140/epje/i2006-10193-x},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epje/i2006-10193-x},
	volume = {23},
	pages = {-347},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3588
@article{falk0000thermal,

	author = {Falk, M. L. and Langer, J. S. and Pechenik, L.},
	title = {Thermal effects in the shear-transformation-zone theory of amorphous plasticity:Comparisons to metallic glass data},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391949},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v70/e011507},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {011507+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v70/e011507},
	volume = {70},
	pages = {011507+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3589
@article{falk0000materials,

	author = {Falk, Michael L.},
	title = {MATERIALS SCIENCE: The Flow of Glass},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391948},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1150919},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5858},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	volume = {318},
	pages = {-1881},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3590
@article{schall0000structural,

	author = {Schall, Peter and Weitz, David A. and Spaepen, Frans},
	title = {Structural Rearrangements That Govern Flow in Colloidal Glasses},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Structural rearrangements are an essential property of atomic and molecular glasses; they are critical in controlling resistance to flow and are central to the evolution of many properties of glasses, such as their heat capacity and dielectric constant. Despite their importance, these rearrangements cannot directly be visualized in atomic glasses. We used a colloidal glass to obtain direct three-dimensional images of thermally induced structural rearrangements in the presence of an applied shear. We identified localized irreversible shear transformation zones and determined their formation energy and topology. A transformation favored successive ones in its vicinity. Using continuum models, we elucidated the interplay between applied strain and thermal fluctuations that governs the formation of these zones in both colloidal and molecular glasses.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391947},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/318/5858/1895},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1149308},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5858},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/318/5858/1895},
	volume = {318},
	pages = {-1899},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3591
@article{falk0000dynamics,

	author = {Falk, M. L. and Langer, J. S.},
	title = {Dynamics of viscoplastic deformation in amorphous solids},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391946},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v57/p7192},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	old_pages = {7192+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v57/p7192},
	volume = {57},
	pages = {7192+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3592
@article{manning0000strain,

	author = {Manning, M. L. and Langer, J. S. and Carlson, J. M.},
	title = {Strain localization in a shear transformation zone model for amorphous solids},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391945},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e056106},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, amorph, deformation, diffusion, elasticity, jin, perturbation, plastic, stressstrain, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e056106},
	volume = {76},
	pages = {APS---16},

	keywords = {
		amorph,
		deformation,
		diffusion,
		elasticity,
		jin,
		perturbation,
		plastic,
		stress, strain,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3593
@article{lemaitre0000plastic,

	author = {Lemaitre, Anaell and Caroli, Christiane},
	title = {Plastic response of a two-dimensional amorphous solid to quasistatic shear: Transverse particle diffusion and phenomenology of dissipative events},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391944},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e036104},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, amorph, deformation, diffusion, elasticity, glass, interaction, jin, plastic, plasticity, quadrupole, shear, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e036104},
	volume = {76},
	pages = {APS---10},

	keywords = {
		amorph,
		deformation,
		diffusion,
		elasticity,
		glass,
		interaction,
		jin,
		plastic,
		plasticity,
		quadrupole,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3594
@article{bouchbinder0000athermal_1,

	author = {Bouchbinder, Eran and Langer, J. S. and Procaccia, Itamar},
	title = {Athermal shear-transformation-zone theory of amorphous plastic deformation. II. Analysis of simulated amorphous silicon},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391943},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e036108},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, amorph, deformation, jin, plastic, semiconductor, shear, silicon, stressstrain, suns, thermodynamics},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e036108},
	volume = {75},
	pages = {APS---9},

	keywords = {
		amorph,
		deformation,
		jin,
		plastic,
		semiconductor,
		shear,
		silicon,
		stress, strain,
		suns,
		thermodynamics,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3595
@article{bouchbinder0000athermal_2,

	author = {Bouchbinder, Eran and Langer, J. S. and Procaccia, Itamar},
	title = {Athermal shear-transformation-zone theory of amorphous plastic deformation. I. Basic principles},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391942},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e036107},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, amorph, deformation, jin, plastic, shear, suns, thermodynamics},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e036107},
	volume = {75},
	pages = {APS---7},

	keywords = {
		amorph,
		deformation,
		jin,
		plastic,
		shear,
		suns,
		thermodynamics,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3596
@article{maloney0000amorphous,

	author = {Maloney, Craig E. and Lemaitre, Anael},
	title = {Amorphous systems in athermal, quasistatic shear},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391941},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e016118},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, amorph, deformation, glass, granular, jin, material, metal, noncrystalline, plastic, shear, slip, structure, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e016118},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---22},

	keywords = {
		amorph,
		deformation,
		glass,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		metal,
		noncrystalline,
		plastic,
		shear,
		slip,
		structure,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3597
@article{maloney0000universal,

	author = {Maloney, Craig and Lemaitre, Anael},
	title = {Universal Breakdown of Elasticity at the Onset of Material Failure},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391940},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v93/e195501},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {19},
	old_pages = {195501+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v93/e195501},
	volume = {93},
	pages = {195501+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3598
@article{voyiadjis0000evolving,

	author = {Voyiadjis, George Z. and Alsaleh, Mustafa I. and Alshibli, Khalid A.},
	title = {Evolving internal length scales in plastic strain localization for granular materials},
	journal = {International Journal of Plasticity},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A numerical model in the Cosserat continuum for strain localization phenomena in granular materials is developed and proposed in this paper. The model assumes a constant internal length scale that is used to describe the shear band thickness. However, it is observed that the internal length scales need to change to accommodate the possible change in the contact surface between the particles, damage of the particles or/and any change in the local void ratio within the domain, which will change the shear band thickness. The mathematical formulations used in the present numerical model were equipped with evolution equations for the length scales through the Micropolar theory, those formulations are proposed and discussed in this paper. The evolution equations of the internal length scales describe any possible change in the contact surface between the particles, damage of the particles if exists and/or any change in the local void ratio within the domain. Hence, the strain localization described by the enhanced model with evolving internal length scales is more accurate and closer to the real solution. The solution for the shear bands thickness shows more accurate correlation with the experimental results and less dependency on the mesh size when such evolution equations are used. Moreover, the shear band thickness and inclination evolve during the deformation process.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391939},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4FR4BRG-1/2/bf6749192fd6651ed44cb8dcdf4d65b5},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, cosserat, granular, jin, localization, material, scale, strain, suns},
	number = {10},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4FR4BRG-1/2/bf6749192fd6651ed44cb8dcdf4d65b5},
	volume = {21},
	pages = {-2024},

	keywords = {
		cosserat,
		granular,
		jin,
		localization,
		material,
		scale,
		strain,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3599
@article{tsutsumi0000general,

	author = {Tsutsumi, S. and Hashiguchi, K.},
	title = {General non-proportional loading behavior of soils},
	journal = {International Journal of Plasticity},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In order to clarify the necessary factors in the elastoplastic constitutive equations for describing the general non-proportional loading behavior of soils, the mechanical responses to the stress probe test and the principal stress axes rotation are examined by numerical experiments and compared with test data. The necessity of incorporating both the anisotropy in the yield condition and the vertex effect or the tangent effect, i.e., the inelastic stretching due to the stress rate tangential to the yield surface, both of which lead to non-coaxiality, are revealed in the description of the general loading behavior of soils.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391938},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4FK7H2W-2/2/9aa259d1bad8241f3b5fdef91587be01},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, anisotropy, elasticityplasticity, granular, jin, material, model, noncoaxial, rotation, stress, subloading, suns, surface, tangent},
	number = {10},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4FK7H2W-2/2/9aa259d1bad8241f3b5fdef91587be01},
	volume = {21},
	pages = {-1969},

	keywords = {
		anisotropy,
		elasticity, plasticity,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		model,
		noncoaxial,
		rotation,
		stress,
		subloading,
		suns,
		surface,
		tangent,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3600
@article{zhu0000threedimensional,

	author = {Zhu, Huaning and Mehrabadi, Morteza M. and Massoudi, Mehrdad},
	title = {Three-dimensional constitutive relations for granular materials based on the dilatant double shearing mechanism and the concept of fabric},
	journal = {International Journal of Plasticity},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {An extension of a three-dimensional model proposed by Anand and Gu (2000) for amorphous granular materials to include the effects of initial and induced anisotropy is presented in this paper. The proposed model can also be considered as a three-dimensional generalization of a model recently developed by Zhu et al. (2005) for the planar deformation of granular materials. The main ingredients of the model include the dilatant double shearing mechanism (Spencer, 1964 and Mehrabadi and Cowin, 1978), the concept of fabric (Oda, 1972), and an extension of the Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion (Shield, 1955 and Spencer, 1982) to three dimensions. The constitutive equations are implemented in the finite element program ABAQUS/Explicit (ABAQUS, 2001) by developing a user-material subroutine to conduct numerical triaxial compression tests for samples of granular materials with different initial anisotropy. The numerical results agree with the observed behavior and show that the extended constitutive model is capable of capturing the strength anisotropy of granular materials. Employing the anisotropic model developed here, we have also repeated the numerical simulation of the stress state in a static conical sand pile conducted earlier by Anand and Gu (2000). We find that fabric has little or no influence on the vertical stress distribution except at the base of the sand pile where the peak value of this stress is slightly higher than that predicted by the model of Anand and Gu (2000) which does not include the effects of fabric. We also find that the direction of the principal compressive stress changes from vertical at points away from the center of the pile to almost horizontal at points close to the center of the pile. This result provides a possible explanation for the observed dip in the vertical stress distribution in sand piles.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391937},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4GV2NHJ-1/2/691648a653a3fe79db9a50226555e8cb},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, anisotropy, evolution, fabric, granular, jin, material, microstructure, shear, suns, tensor},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4GV2NHJ-1/2/691648a653a3fe79db9a50226555e8cb},
	volume = {22},
	pages = {-857},

	keywords = {
		anisotropy,
		evolution,
		fabric,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		microstructure,
		shear,
		suns,
		tensor,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3601
@article{nicot0000basic,

	author = {Nicot, Francois and Darve, Felix},
	title = {Basic features of plastic strains: From micro-mechanics to incrementally nonlinear models},
	journal = {International Journal of Plasticity},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Most rate-independent constitutive relations for granular materials are based on the existence of a regular flow rule. This assumption states that once the mechanical state of a material point belongs to the yield surface, then the direction of the plastic strains is independent of the loading direction. In this paper, the notion of a regular flow rule is shown to exist only for two-dimensional and axisymmetric loading conditions. By considering our incrementally nonlinear constitutive model, it is established that this notion disappears as soon as more general loading conditions are applied, as also predicted from discrete element simulations. Moreover, a sound micro-mechanical interpretation of the vanishing of a regular flow rule in three-dimensional loading conditions is given from a multi-scale perspective using the micro-directional model. This model highlights the great influence of the loading history on the shape of the plastic Gudehus response-envelope.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391936},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4MY0MGR-1/2/ef1a21cc1436efd311442c5fc9646748},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, discrete, elasticityplasticity, flow, granular, jin, material, micromechanics, model, multiscale, nonlinearity, suns},
	number = {9},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4MY0MGR-1/2/ef1a21cc1436efd311442c5fc9646748},
	volume = {23},
	pages = {-1588},

	keywords = {
		discrete,
		elasticity, plasticity,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		micromechanics,
		model,
		multiscale,
		nonlinearity,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3602
@article{la0000simplified,

	author = {La Ragione, Luigi and Prantil, Vincent C. and Sharma, Ishan},
	title = {A simplified model for inelastic behavior of an idealized granular material},
	journal = {International Journal of Plasticity},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In this paper, our main interest is to describe the inelastic behavior of a granular material in the range of deformation that precedes localization. We do this in the simplest possible way, by idealizing the material as a random array of identical, elastic, frictional spheres and assuming that particles move with the average strain. The contact force is assumed non-central: the normal component follows the Hertz's law, while the tangential component is elastic until frictional-sliding occurs. We provide an analytical description of this material in triaxial extension and compression at fixed pressure, for both loading and unloading. We obtain expressions for the stress-strain relation, the plastic strain, the elastic and plastic volume change, the strain hardening and the potential function. We assume the Mohr-Coulomb criterion for yielding and we obtain an explicit expression between dilatancy and stress in the material.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391935},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4P6M7WY-1/2/14b4f6eeae13604620ee3538bd2db57b},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, jin, material, micromechanics, suns, yield},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4P6M7WY-1/2/14b4f6eeae13604620ee3538bd2db57b},
	volume = {24},
	pages = {-189},

	keywords = {
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		micromechanics,
		suns,
		yield,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3603
@article{anandarajah0000multimechanism,

	author = {Anandarajah, A.},
	title = {Multi-mechanism anisotropic model for granular materials},
	journal = {International Journal of Plasticity},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {By representing the assembly by a simplified column model, a constitutive theory, referred to as sliding-rolling theory, was recently developed for a two-dimensional assembly of rods subjected to biaxial loading, and then extended to a three-dimensional assembly of spheres subjected to triaxial (equibiaxial) loading. The sliding-rolling theory provides a framework for developing a phenomenological constitutive law for granular materials, which is the objective of the present work. The sliding-rolling theory provides information concerning yield and flow directions during radial and non-radial loading. In addition, the theory provides information on the role of fabric anisotropy on the stress-strain behavior and critical state shear strength. In the present paper, a multi-axial phenomenological model is developed within the sliding-rolling framework by utilizing the concepts of critical state, classical elasto-plasticity and bounding surface. The resulting theory involves two yield surfaces and falls within the definition of the multi-mechanism models. Computational issues concerning the solution uniqueness for stress states at the corner of yield surfaces are addressed. The effect of initial and induced fabric anisotropy on the constitutive behavior is incorporated. It is shown that the model is capable of simulating the effect of anisotropy, and the behavior of loose and dense sands under drained and undrained loading.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391934},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4PBDPYK-1/2/1d6ea000c91d0996e1ff6d18fb3e6bb1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, anisotropy, elasticityplasticity, fabric, geology, granular, jin, material, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4PBDPYK-1/2/1d6ea000c91d0996e1ff6d18fb3e6bb1},
	volume = {24},
	pages = {-846},

	keywords = {
		anisotropy,
		elasticity, plasticity,
		fabric,
		geology,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3604
@article{yang0000solution,

	author = {Yang, Y. and Yu, H. S. and Muraleetharan, K. K.},
	title = {Solution existence conditions for elastoplastic constitutive models of granular materials},
	journal = {International Journal of Plasticity},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In this paper, the conditions of solution existence for stress rates under given strain rates are investigated. The focus of the solution existence investigation is on the non-associated flow rule and elastic stress-strain relationship. Granular materials characterized with strong non-associated plastic flows are used as a particular example for analysis. Various flow rules for granular materials are analyzed, including Rowe's, Roscoe's flow rules and their modified versions. In the elastic stress-strain relationships of materials, the effects of Poisson's ratio on solution existence are investigated. Both isotropic and anisotropic elasticity are considered. Given a granular material and its states, it is found that there exists a critical Poisson's ratio for a particular non-associated flow rule. When the Poisson's ratio of a material is above this critical Poisson's ratio, its constitutive model is susceptible to solution non-existence. It is suggested that special attentions should be paid to the selection of material Poisson's ratio and non-associated flow rule to ensure the existence of elastoplastic solutions.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391933},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4GD4SGG-2/2/894caa53504acf9512369cf9188518c0},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, elasticityplasticity, granular, jin, material, suns},
	number = {12},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4GD4SGG-2/2/894caa53504acf9512369cf9188518c0},
	volume = {21},
	pages = {-2425},

	keywords = {
		elasticity, plasticity,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3605
@article{zhu0000incorporating,

	author = {Zhu, Huaning and Mehrabadi, Morteza M. and Massoudi, Mehrdad},
	title = {Incorporating the effects of fabric in the dilatant double shearing model for planar deformation of granular materials},
	journal = {International Journal of Plasticity},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The objective of this paper is to incorporate the effects of fabric and its evolution into the Dilatant Double Shearing Model [Mehrabadi, M.M., Cowin, S.C., 1978. Initial planar deformation of dilatant granular materials. J. Mech. Phys. Solids 26, 269-284] for granular materials in order to capture the anisotropic behavior and the complex response of granular materials in cyclic shear loading. An important consequence of considering the fabric is that one can have unequal shearing rates along the two slip directions. This property leads to the non-coaxiality of the principal axes of stress and strain rate, which is more appropriate for a material that exhibits initial and induced anisotropy. In addition, we employ a fabric-dependent elasticity tensor with orthotropic symmetry. The model developed in this paper also predicts one of the experimentally observed characteristics of granular materials: the gradual concentration of the contact normals towards the maximum principal stress direction. We implement the constitutive equations into ABAQUS/Explicit by writing a user material subroutine in order to predict the strength anisotropy of granular materials in a plane strain biaxial compression test and investigate the mechanical behavior of granular materials under the cyclic shear loading conditions. The predictions from this model show good quantitative agreement with the experiments of [Park, C.S., 1990. Anisotropy in deformation and strength properties of sands in plane strain compression, Masters Thesis, University of Tokyo; Park, C.S., Tatsuoka, F., 1994. Anisotropic strength and deformation of sands in plane strain compression. In: XIII ICSMFE, New Delhi, India; Okada, N., 1992. Energy dissipation in inelastic flow of cohesionless granular media. Ph.D. Thesis, University of California, San Diego].},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391932},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4GNKRGS-1/2/49678057b26e2649eecb1e9666589dc1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, anisotropy, fabric, granular, jin, load, material, microstructure, shear, suns, tensor},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4GNKRGS-1/2/49678057b26e2649eecb1e9666589dc1},
	volume = {22},
	pages = {-653},

	keywords = {
		anisotropy,
		fabric,
		granular,
		jin,
		load,
		material,
		microstructure,
		shear,
		suns,
		tensor,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3606
@article{nematnasser0000constitutive,

	author = {Nemat-Nasser, Sia and Zhang, Juhua},
	title = {Constitutive relations for cohesionless frictional granular materials},
	journal = {International Journal of Plasticity},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Based on the micro-mechanical model recently developed by Nemat-Nasser S. (J. Mech. Phys. Solids 48 (2000) 1541), a three-dimensional continuum mechanics model is presented for the deformation of granular materials which carry the applied load through frictional contacts. The model incorporates the anisotropy (or fabric) which develops as a frictional granular mass is deformed in shear, and includes the coupling between shearing and volumetric straining (or dilatancy). The model parameters are estimated, based on the results of a series of cyclic shearing experiments on large hollow cylindrical samples of silica sand. Then, the model is used to predict other experimental results, arriving at good correlation.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391931},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4555P7B-5/2/1c0d1c4cfd532efd835776f462e2296d},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, anisotropy, coulomb, fabric, friction, granular, jin, material, model, streaming, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4555P7B-5/2/1c0d1c4cfd532efd835776f462e2296d},
	volume = {18},
	pages = {-547},

	keywords = {
		anisotropy,
		coulomb,
		fabric,
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		model,
		streaming,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3607
@article{elgamal0000modeling,

	author = {Elgamal, Ahmed and Yang, Zhaohui and Parra, Ender and Ragheb, Ahmed},
	title = {Modeling of cyclic mobility in saturated cohesionless soils},
	journal = {International Journal of Plasticity},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391930},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-45DF7DC-1/2/1e9fd7446eb56f1c5871572244d83582},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, anisotropy, dilatation, earthquake, granular, hardening, jin, kinematics, liquefaction, material, mechanics, mobility, model, multisurface, plasticity, soil, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-45DF7DC-1/2/1e9fd7446eb56f1c5871572244d83582},
	volume = {19},
	pages = {-905},

	keywords = {
		anisotropy,
		dilatation,
		earthquake,
		granular,
		hardening,
		jin,
		kinematics,
		liquefaction,
		material,
		mechanics,
		mobility,
		model,
		multisurface,
		plasticity,
		soil,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3608
@article{jorge0000analysis,

	author = {Jorge Nader, Jose},
	title = {Analysis of a new hypoplastic equation},
	journal = {International Journal of Plasticity},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A new hypoplastic equation is proposed and its capacity of representing the mechanical behaviour of a silty soil is examined. In this constitutive equation a particular soil is characterised by four material constants having a clear physical meaning (three of them are standard in soil mechanics), which makes the calibration procedure and the interpretation of results easier. Its performance in the prediction of results of several laboratory tests (especially triaxial tests along different stress paths) and as compared to Cam-Clay predictions is, in general, good. The nonexistence of an elastic domain in hypoplasticity provides a more realistic response than that of Cam-Clay in stress paths in which the octahedral stress is reduced. The equation is able to reproduce important characteristics of soils as critical states, the normalised behaviour, the behaviour in proportional deformations, the behaviour in different stress paths. Besides, the equation is simple enough to permit a comprehensive analysis of its response. This is done with the help of the theory of systems of ordinary differential equations. Main results are analytical solutions in proportional deformations and the response diagram.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391929},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-470TXS2-7/2/9cc470cff2ce3e79da834218f61b32f7},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, geology, granular, hypoplasticity, jin, material, suns},
	number = {9},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-470TXS2-7/2/9cc470cff2ce3e79da834218f61b32f7},
	volume = {19},
	pages = {-1480},

	keywords = {
		geology,
		granular,
		hypoplasticity,
		jin,
		material,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3609
@article{hill0000plastic,

	author = {Hill, R.},
	title = {Plastic anisotropy and the geometry of yield surfaces in stress space},
	journal = {Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In the context of classical anisotropic plasticity a general theorem is proved in relation to the pure geometry of convex yield surfaces in a six-dimensional Cauchy stress-space. The analysis subsequently focuses on particular yieldpoints where the local radius vector and surface normal represent coaxial tensors. Further detail is presented for a standard family of yield functions associated with states of generalized plane stress produced in sheet-forming operations. The overall objective is a comprehensive theoretical framework for the improved modelling of anisotropic plastic behaviour.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391928},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-400214J-B/2/9832ff5ff763715eeed89e9cab0bb40c},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, anisotropy, jin, plastic, suns, surface, tensor, yield},
	number = {6-7},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-400214J-B/2/9832ff5ff763715eeed89e9cab0bb40c},
	volume = {48},
	pages = {-1106},

	keywords = {
		anisotropy,
		jin,
		plastic,
		suns,
		surface,
		tensor,
		yield,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3610
@article{bagi0000stress,

	author = {Bagi, Katalin},
	title = {Stress and strain in granular assemblies},
	journal = {Mechanics of Materials},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The aim of this paper is to clarify the meaning of the mechanical state variables stress and strain in the case of random granular assemblies. Stress and strain are expressed in terms of local, micro-level variables with the help of two complementary geometrical systems. The two expression show a strong duality which is also analysed in the paper.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391927},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TX6-3VR9XHP-S/2/0f584f4cc4ccdc8a96e013de9466c072},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, cell, geometry, granular, jin, material, microstructure, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TX6-3VR9XHP-S/2/0f584f4cc4ccdc8a96e013de9466c072},
	volume = {22},
	pages = {165--177},

	keywords = {
		cell,
		geometry,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		microstructure,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3611
@article{clement0000rheology,

	author = {Clement, Eric},
	title = {Rheology of granular media},
	journal = {Current Opinion in Colloid \& Interface Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This review is concerned with the physics of dry granular media which is the focus of many recent studies. One reason for this interest is not only due to its practical importance but also, because it is currently seen as a fundamental model with a rather broad range of applicability. The concepts and questions developed in this field have general implications in other fields such as the rheology of complex fluids (dense pastes or colloidal suspensions), the mechanics of various composite solids such as reinforced rubber, many geophysical situations and even the nano-tribology of molecular films... We review some of the aspects that were most recently discussed and which are under the scope of an intense debate.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391926},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VRY-3YKKC3F-9/2/3a77a9ea9f8327c082ce085ca9c9ee7d},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, arch, avalanche, chain, force, granular, hopper, jin, material, sandpile, silo, solidfriction, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VRY-3YKKC3F-9/2/3a77a9ea9f8327c082ce085ca9c9ee7d},
	volume = {4},
	pages = {-299},

	keywords = {
		arch,
		avalanche,
		chain,
		force,
		granular,
		hopper,
		jin,
		material,
		sand, pile,
		silo,
		solid, friction,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3612
@article{nematnasser0000micromechanicallybased,

	author = {Nemat-Nasser, Sia},
	title = {A micromechanically-based constitutive model for frictional deformation of granular materials},
	journal = {Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A micromechanically-based constitutive model is developed for inelastic deformation of frictional granular assemblies. It is assumed that the deformation is produced by relative sliding and rolling of granules, accounting for pressure sensitivity, friction, dilatancy (densification), and, most importantly, the fabric (anisotropy) and its evolution in the course of deformation. Attention is focused on two-dimensional rate-independent cases. The presented theory fully integrates the micromechanics of frictional granular assemblies at the micro- (grains), meso- (large collections of grains associated with sliding planes), and macro- (continuum) scales. The basic hypothesis is that the deformation of frictional granular masses occurs through simple shearing accompanied by dilatation or densification (meso-scale), depending on the microstructure (micro-scale) and the loading conditions (continuum-scale). The microstructure and its evolution are defined in terms of the fabric and its evolution. While the elastic deformation of most frictional granular assemblies is rather small relative to their inelastic deformation, it is included in the theory, since it affects the overall stresses.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391925},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-400214J-10/2/aefa96f43d360c6df1714f23fa49551d},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, friction, granular, jin, material, micromechanics, model, suns},
	number = {6-7},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-400214J-10/2/aefa96f43d360c6df1714f23fa49551d},
	volume = {48},
	pages = {-1563},

	keywords = {
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		micromechanics,
		model,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3613
@article{mueggenburg0000behavior,

	author = {Mueggenburg, Nathan W.},
	title = {Behavior of granular materials under cyclic shear},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391924},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v71/e031301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, crystallization, flow, granular, jin, material, shear, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v71/e031301},
	volume = {71},
	pages = {APS---10},

	keywords = {
		crystallization,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3614
@article{tsai0000granular,

	author = {Tsai and Gollub, J. P.},
	title = {Granular packings sheared in an annular channel: Flow localization and grain size dependence},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391923},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e051304},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, channel, flow, granular, jin, navierstokes, shear, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e051304},
	volume = {72},
	pages = {APS---10},

	keywords = {
		channel,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		navier, stokes,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3615
@article{behringer2008fluctuations,

	author = {Behringer, R. P. and Daniels, Karen E. and Majmudar, Trushant S. and Sperl, Matthias},
	title = {Fluctuations, correlations and transitions in granular materials: statistical mechanics for a non-conventional system},
	journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences},
	year = {2008},

	abstract = {In this work, we first review some general properties of dense granular materials. We are particularly concerned with a statistical description of these materials, and it is in this light that we briefly describe results from four representative studies. These are: experiment 1: determining local force statistics, vector forces, force distributions and correlations for static granular systems; experiment 2: characterizing the jamming transition, for a static two-dimensional system; experiment 3: characterizing plastic failure in dense granular materials; and experiment 4: a dynamical transition where the material in the presence of apparent heating for a sheared and shaken system.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391922},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2007.2106},
	doi = {10.1098/rsta.2007.2106},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1865},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2007.2106},
	volume = {366},
	pages = {-504},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3616
@article{von0000structure,

	author = {von Pfeil, Karl and Graham, Michael D. and Klingenberg, Daniel J. and Morris, Jeffrey F.},
	title = {Structure evolution in electrorheological and magnetorheological suspensions from a continuum perspective},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391921},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JAP/93/5769/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, electrorheology, flow, jin, liquid, magnetorheology, mass, shear, structure, suns, suspension, transfer},
	number = {9},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JAP/93/5769/1},
	volume = {93},
	pages = {AIP---5779},

	keywords = {
		electrorheology,
		flow,
		jin,
		liquid,
		magnetorheology,
		mass,
		shear,
		structure,
		suns,
		suspension,
		transfer,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3617
@article{kumar0000voronoi,

	author = {Kumar, V. Senthil and Kumaran, V.},
	title = {Voronoi neighbor statistics of homogeneously sheared inelastic hard disks and hard spheres},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391920},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e051305},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, amorph, colloid, granular, jin, material, nucleation, orderdisorder, suns, suspension, transformation},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e051305},
	volume = {73},
	pages = {APS---13},

	keywords = {
		amorph,
		colloid,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		nucleation,
		order, disorder,
		suns,
		suspension,
		transformation,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3618
@article{singh0000normal,

	author = {Singh, Anugrah and Nott, Prabhu R.},
	title = {Normal stresses and microstructure in bounded sheared suspensions via Stokesian Dynamics simulations},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391919},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {412},
	pages = {-301},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3619
@article{ovarlez0000local,

	author = {Ovarlez, Guillaume and Bertrand, Francois and Rodts, Stephane},
	title = {Local determination of the constitutive law of a dense suspension of noncolloidal particles through magnetic resonance imaging},
	journal = {Journal of Rheology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391918},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/50/259/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, diffusion, flow, jin, magnetic, resonance, rheology, suns, suspension, viscosity},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/50/259/1},
	volume = {50},
	pages = {SOR---292},

	keywords = {
		diffusion,
		flow,
		jin,
		magnetic,
		resonance,
		rheology,
		suns,
		suspension,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3620
@article{stickel0000application,

	author = {Stickel, Jonathan J. and Phillips, Ronald J. and Powell, Robert L.},
	title = {Application of a constitutive model for particulate suspensions: Time-dependent viscometric flows},
	journal = {Journal of Rheology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391917},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/51/1271/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, jin, shear, suns, suspension, twophase, viscosity},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/51/1271/1},
	volume = {51},
	pages = {SOR---1302},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		jin,
		shear,
		suns,
		suspension,
		twophase,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3621
@article{ji0000internal,

	author = {Ji, Shunying and Shen, Hayley H.},
	title = {Internal parameters and regime map for soft polydispersed granular materials},
	journal = {Journal of Rheology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391916},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/52/87/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, granular, jin, material, phase, shear, suns, viscoelasticity},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/52/87/1},
	volume = {52},
	pages = {SOR---103},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		phase,
		shear,
		suns,
		viscoelasticity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3622
@article{ravindranath0000large,

	author = {Ravindranath, Sham and Wang, Shi-Qing},
	title = {Large amplitude oscillatory shear behavior of entangled polymer solutions: Particle tracking velocimetric investigation},
	journal = {Journal of Rheology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391915},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/52/341/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, deformation, films, jin, liquid, polymer, rheology, shear, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/52/341/1},
	volume = {52},
	pages = {SOR---358},

	keywords = {
		deformation,
		films,
		jin,
		liquid,
		polymer,
		rheology,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3623
@article{wang0000unified,

	author = {Wang, K. G.},
	title = {Unified model equations for microstructure evolution},
	journal = {Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Unified model equations hidden in microstructure evolution are discovered in this paper. The governing equations in Lifshitz-Slyozov-Wagner theory, and diffusion screening theory are derived with some approximations from the unified model equations. The governing equations in multiparticle diffusion simulation and phase-field simulation in microstructure evolution are also derived from the unified model equations. The advantages and limitations for different theories and simulations in microstructure evolution are compared in detail. This comparison can guide scientists to select computational tools for their needs in microstructure evolution. The unified model equations can be applied in many new technological fields, such as self-assembly in nanoscience.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391914},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-4RSYC8R-6/2/904900f508abba9c95743fa100cdfbcb},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, diffusion, evolution, jin, microstructure, multiparticle, phase, screening, suns, transition},
	number = {13},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-4RSYC8R-6/2/904900f508abba9c95743fa100cdfbcb},
	volume = {387},
	pages = {-3092},

	keywords = {
		diffusion,
		evolution,
		jin,
		microstructure,
		multiparticle,
		phase,
		screening,
		suns,
		transition,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3624
@article{hilden0000note,

	author = {Hilden, Jon and Bowman, Keith and Morris, Ken and Wang, Steve and Sprockel, Omar and Ennis, Bryan},
	title = {Note on the interpretation of powder shear test data},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Powder shear testing has been used to assess flowability of powders for at least 48 years [A.W. Jenike, Storage and Flow of Solids, Bull., Eng. Exp. Station, Univ. Utah, vol. 123, 1964]. A fundamental part of the data interpretation involves construction of Mohr's circles such that they are tangent to the experimental locus; a set of powder shear strengths, [tau]m, measured at variable applied compressive normal stresses, [sigma]N. Despite the customary application of this tangency criterion, we have found justifications for it to be scant. In this work, we revisit the Mohr's circle construction and find that proper construction would require measurement of reactionary lateral powder stresses, [sigma]r. We further provide reasoning to support placement of the experimental locus passing through the apex (top) of Mohr's circles for isotropic or orthotropic powders and not tangentially to them. This placement is not unexpectedly in agreement with the results of a recent numerical simulation [C. Thornton, L. Zhang, Numerical simulations of the direct shear test, Chem. Eng. Technol. 26 (2) (2003) 153-156], and reveals errors in subsequently calculated constants on the order of 20\%.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391913},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4PMT307-1/2/cf754c99259304fba13a2d1e86fbc6eb},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, coulomb, flow, friction, internal, jin, mohr, shear, suns, yield},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4PMT307-1/2/cf754c99259304fba13a2d1e86fbc6eb},
	volume = {182},
	pages = {-492},

	keywords = {
		coulomb,
		flow,
		friction,
		internal,
		jin,
		mohr,
		shear,
		suns,
		yield,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3625
@article{thornton0000numerical_2,

	author = {Thornton, C. and Zhang, L.},
	title = {Numerical Simulations of the Direct Shear Test},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering \& Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Numerical simulations of the direct shear test have been performed under constant normal stress conditions, using the Discrete Element Method. Results are presented to show how the average shear to normal stress ratio acting on the shear band compares with the force data at the boundaries. From the calculations of the stress tensor inside the shear band the corresponding Mohr?s circles are obtained and the principal stress directions identified. The principal directions of stress and strain-rate are shown to be coaxial under steady-state conditions. Using the state of stress and strain in the shear band, the interpretation of direct shear test data is discussed in the context of traditional experimental measurements.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391912},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dem, jin, jps, oois, powder, suns},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {156},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {26},
	pages = {156},

	keywords = {
		dem,
		jin,
		jps,
		oois,
		powder,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3626
@article{chen0000dynamic_1,

	author = {Chen, Y. C. and Ishibashi, I. and Jenkins, J. T.},
	title = {dynamic shear modulus and fabric: part II, stress reversal},
	journal = {Geotechnique},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391911},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {38},
	pages = {-37},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3627
@article{chen0000dynamic_2,

	author = {Chen, Y. C. and Ishibashi, I. and Jenkins, J. T.},
	title = {Dynamic shear modulus and fabric: part I depositional and induced anisotropy},
	journal = {Geotechnique},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391910},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {38},
	pages = {-32},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3628
@article{thornton0000quasistatic_1,

	author = {Thornton, C. and Antony, S. J.},
	title = {Quasi-static shear deformation of a soft particle system},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The paper presents results of numerical simulations of quasi-static shear deformation of a polydisperse system of soft elastic spheres with interface friction and adhesion. Both axisymmetric compression and axisymmetric extension tests have been simulated. In each case, two shear simulations were performed: one in which the mean stress was maintained constant and the other in which the system was deformed at constant volume. In addition to the macroscopic stress-strain behaviour obtained, details are provided about the evolution of various internal variables associated with the micromechanics occurring at the particle scale.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391908},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-3YYV8RH-J/2/f9eb78e35db5f8690c2648d04275d6ad},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, compressionextension, dem, discrete, granular, jin, jps, medium, micromechanics, oois, powder, suns},
	number = {1-3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-3YYV8RH-J/2/f9eb78e35db5f8690c2648d04275d6ad},
	volume = {109},
	pages = {179--191},

	keywords = {
		compression, extension,
		dem,
		discrete,
		granular,
		jin,
		jps,
		medium,
		micromechanics,
		oois,
		powder,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3629
@article{garciarojo0000characterization,

	author = {Garcia-Rojo, R. and Alonso-Marroquin, F. and Herrmann, H. J.},
	title = {Characterization of the material response in granular ratcheting},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391907},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e041302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, deformation, dynamics, elasticity, friction, granular, jin, material, micromechanics, molecule, plastic, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e041302},
	volume = {72},
	pages = {APS---12},

	keywords = {
		deformation,
		dynamics,
		elasticity,
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		micromechanics,
		molecule,
		plastic,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3630
@article{deboeuf0000memory,

	author = {Deboeuf, S. and Dauchot, O. and Staron, L. and Mangeney, A. and Vilotte},
	title = {Memory of the unjamming transition during cyclic tiltings of a granular pile},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391906},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e051305},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, internal, jin, material, numeric, stress, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e051305},
	volume = {72},
	pages = {APS---11},

	keywords = {
		granular,
		internal,
		jin,
		material,
		numeric,
		stress,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3631
@article{snoeijer0000sheared,

	author = {Snoeijer, Jacco H. and Ellenbroek, Wouter G. and Vlugt, Thijs J. H. and van Hecke, Martin},
	title = {Sheared Force Networks: Anisotropies, Yielding, and Geometry},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391905},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v96/e098001},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, granular, jin, material, model, random, sandpile, shear, suns},
	number = {9},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v96/e098001},
	volume = {96},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		model,
		random,
		sand, pile,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3632
@article{abate0000topological,

	author = {Abate, A. R. and Durian, D. J.},
	title = {Topological persistence and dynamical heterogeneities near jamming},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391904},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e021306},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, flow, fluidization, granular, jamming, jin, suns, topology},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e021306},
	volume = {76},
	pages = {APS---9},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		flow,
		fluidization,
		granular,
		jamming,
		jin,
		suns,
		topology,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3633
@article{smart0000effects,

	author = {Smart, A. and Umbanhowar, P. and Ottino, J.},
	title = {Effects of self-organization on transport in granular matter: A network-based approach},
	journal = {EPL (Europhysics Letters)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Granular matter may be one of the simplest prototypes of what have come to be regarded as complex systems --systems where simple interactions can lead to rich, often surprising, global behavior. For example, interparticle contacts in a granular system give rise to networks that are 1) heterogeneous, i.e., a few particles support high compressive force, while many others support relatively little, and 2) self-organized, i.e., spatially correlated strong forces tend to form a sub-network of interconnecting "force chains". Using numerical simulations, we investigate the influence of heterogeneity and self-organization on the transport properties of granular matter, with particular attention to heat conduction --a phenomenon of ubiquitous importance in engineering and nature. We find that self-organization in the granular network promotes efficient transport. Furthermore, a network-attack experiment suggests that contacts with high betweenness centrality, not necessarily those with highest local heat transfer coefficient, most significantly influence transport behavior. We find that concepts of network theory yield valuable insight --both qualitative and quantitative-- into the observed behavior.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391903},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {24002+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {24002+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3634
@article{chan0000microstructural,

	author = {Chan, Chia-Ling and Lin},
	title = {Microstructural Evolution and Irreversibility in the Viscoelastic Response of Mesoscopic Dusty-Plasma Liquids},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391902},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v98/e105002},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {10},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v98/e105002},
	volume = {98},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3635
@article{grebenkov0000flow,

	author = {Grebenkov, Denis S. and Ciamarra, Massimo P. and Nicodemi, Mario and Coniglio, Antonio},
	title = {Flow, Ordering, and Jamming of Sheared Granular Suspensions},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391901},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v100/e078001},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {7},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v100/e078001},
	volume = {100},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3636
@article{radjai0000bimodal,

	author = {Radjai, Farhang and Wolf, Dietrich E. and Jean, Michel and Moreau, Jean-Jacques},
	title = {Bimodal Character of Stress Transmission in Granular Packings},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391900},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v80/p61},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v80/p61},
	volume = {80},
	pages = {61---64},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3637
@article{kolymbas0000outline,

	author = {Kolymbas, D.},
	title = {An outline of hypoplasticity},
	journal = {Archive of Applied Mechanics (Ingenieur Archiv)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The so-called hypoelastic constitutive equations, defined by the equation?=h(T, D), are limited by the requirement thath is linear inD. Dropping this requirement and retaining positive homogeneity of the first degreen inD leads to a broader class of equations which can be calledhypoplastic. Such equations are appropriate to describe the anelastic behaviour of granular materials. Some properties of hypoplastic equations are discussed in this paper including the new notions of yield and bound surfaces which are given a completely different meaning than in classical elastoplasticity. Possiblities to enlarge hypoplasticity towards rate-dependence and more complex intrinsic memory of the material are pointed to.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391899},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:11},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {61},
	pages = {143--154},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3638
@article{wittmer1996explanation_2,

	author = {Wittmer, J. P. and Claudin, P. and Cates, M. E. and Bouchaud},
	title = {An explanation for the central stress minimum in sand piles},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {1996},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391898},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/382336a0},
	comment = {10.1038/382336a0},
	doi = {10.1038/382336a0},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6589},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:11},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/382336a0},
	volume = {382},
	pages = {-338},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3639
@article{luding0000granular_1,

	author = {Luding, S.},
	title = {Granular materials under vibration: Simulations of rotating spheres},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391896},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v52/p4442},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	old_pages = {4442+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:11},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v52/p4442},
	volume = {52},
	pages = {4442+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3640
@article{tardos0000forces,

	author = {Tardos, Gabriel I. and Khan, M. Irfan and Schaeffer, David G.},
	title = {Forces on a slowly rotating, rough cylinder in a Couette device containing a dry, frictional powder},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391895},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/10/335/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, couette, flow, hardcopyluding, jin, powder, rotation, shear, suns, torque, twophase},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:11},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/10/335/1},
	volume = {10},
	pages = {AIP---341},

	keywords = {
		couette,
		flow,
		hardcopyluding,
		jin,
		powder,
		rotation,
		shear,
		suns,
		torque,
		twophase,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3641
@article{nott0000effect,

	author = {Nott, Prabhu R. and Alam, M. and Agrawal, K. and Jackson, R. and Sundaresan, S.},
	title = {The effect of boundaries on the plane Couette flow of granular materials: a bifurcation analysis},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391894},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:11},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {397},
	pages = {-229},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3642
@article{alam0000stability,

	author = {Alam, Meheboob and Nott, Prabhu R.},
	title = {Stability of plane Couette flow of a granular material},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391893},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:11},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {377},
	pages = {-136},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3643
@book{brilliantov0000kinetic,

	author = {Brilliantov, Nikolai and Poschel, Thorsten},
	title = {Kinetic Theory of Granular Gases},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391892},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:11},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Oxford University Press+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_DUPLICATE_TITLE,
	},

}

ref_id = 3644
@article{von0000hypoplastic,

	author = {von Wolffersdorff, P. A.},
	title = {A hypoplastic relation for granular materials with a predefined limit state surface},
	journal = {Mechanics of Cohesive-frictional Materials},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391890},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:11},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {1},
	pages = {-271},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3645
@book{kolymbas0000introduction,

	author = {Kolymbas, D.},
	title = {Introduction to Hypoplasticity},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	address = {Rorrerdam},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391889},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:11},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {A. A. Balkema+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3646
@article{mohan0000frictional,

	author = {Mohan, L. Srinvasa and Rao, Kesava K. and Nott, Prabhu R.},
	title = {A frictional Cosserat model for the slow shearing of granular materials},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391888},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dense, flow, granular, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:11},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {457},
	pages = {-409},

	keywords = {
		dense,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3647
@article{iliushin0000postulate,

	author = {Il'iushin, A. A.},
	title = {On the postulate of plasticity},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391887},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V3R-480TJYG-32T/2/6d130bf3ebceb21ee5631580efba4f3a},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:11},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V3R-480TJYG-32T/2/6d130bf3ebceb21ee5631580efba4f3a},
	volume = {25},
	pages = {-752},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3648
@article{spencer1958theory,

	author = {Spencer, A. J. M. and Rivlin, R. S.},
	title = {The theory of matrix polynomials and its application to the mechanics of isotropic continua},
	journal = {Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis},
	year = {1958},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391886},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00277933},
	doi = {10.1007/BF00277933},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:11},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00277933},
	volume = {2},
	pages = {-336},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3649
@article{gardiner0000effects,

	author = {Gardiner, B. S. and Tordesillas, A.},
	title = {Effects of particle size distribution in a three-dimensional micropolar continuum model of granular media},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A particle size distribution is incorporated into a three-dimensional homogenisation scheme, devised on the scale of a particle and its immediate (or first ring) of neighbours. Based on this scheme, micropolar continuum models for polydisperse, dry, and densely packed granular assemblies of spherical particles undergoing quasi-static deformation are developed for various particle size distributions. Three different cases are considered: (1) a monodisperse assembly, (2) a defect particle in an otherwise monodisperse assembly, and (3) an assembly of a given particle size distribution. In Case 1, an additional dependence on particle radius is found in 3D systems, compared with previous 2D constitutive laws. In Case 2, it is found that a small (large) particle in an otherwise monodisperse system increases (decreases) the stress compared to a purely monodisperse assembly, but the couple stress may increase or decrease depending on the relative size of the rolling resistance compared with the tangential stiffness coefficients. On the other hand, if the defect particle is substantially smaller or larger than the monodisperse particle size, the stress and couple stress are always increased. In Case 3, three different distributions are examined, i.e. square, normal and a lognormal distribution. For Cases 2 and 3, both the stress and the couple stress increased with the degree of dispersity, from the lower bound value corresponding to the monodisperse system considered in Case 1. Finally, the paper highlights areas that will need to be addressed to enable the future advancement of micromechanical continuum models.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391885},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4HNS6FW-1/2/19cf315fe28f3eb7e237590a570515ef},
	old_keywords = {3d, \_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, distribution, granular, jin, material, micropolar, particle, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:11},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4HNS6FW-1/2/19cf315fe28f3eb7e237590a570515ef},
	volume = {161},
	pages = {-121},

	keywords = {
		3d,
		distribution,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		micropolar,
		particle,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3650
@article{tejchman0000numerical,

	author = {Tejchman, J.},
	title = {Numerical simulation of filling in silos with a polar hypoplastic constitutive model},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The behaviour of granular materials during silo filling is investigated with a polar hypoplastic model. The model is an alternative to elastoplastic constitutive models and can capture the salient features of granular bodies with consideration of shear localization. It is of the rate type, incrementally non-linear, and is established within the framework of a Cosserat continuum. It takes into account Cosserat rotations and couple stresses using the mean grain diameter as a characteristic length. Numerical simulations of silo filling with dry dense sand are performed with a Cosserat type approach implemented in a finite element method for model silos with parallel and slightly convergent walls. The silo walls are smooth, rough, and very rough. Because of the presence of a characteristic length in the constitutive model, the numerical results are independent of the spatial discretization. The results show that polar boundary conditions with consideration of Cosserat rotations and wall roughness realistically describe the interface behaviour between the silo wall and the silo fill. The Cosserat effect, which is manifested by the appearance of grain rotations, is only significant in the wall shear zone. A quantitative comparison between the numerical calculations and the model tests carried out in a plane strain bin and hopper shows satisfactory agreement. The advantages of the approach used are outlined.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391884},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-3T0XNYH-6/2/2ee08621d4ff5cba2b2f18e2862b4907},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, continuum, cosserat, hypoplasticity, jin, polar, shear, silo, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:11},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-3T0XNYH-6/2/2ee08621d4ff5cba2b2f18e2862b4907},
	volume = {96},
	pages = {-239},

	keywords = {
		continuum,
		cosserat,
		hypoplasticity,
		jin,
		polar,
		shear,
		silo,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3651
@article{prevost0000simple,

	author = {Prevost, Jean H.},
	title = {A Simple Plasticity Theory for Frictional Cohesionless Soils},
	journal = {Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391883},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:11},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {4},
	pages = {-17},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3652
@article{atkinson0000effect,

	author = {Atkinson, J. H. and Richardson, D. and Stallebrass, S.},
	title = {Effect of recent stress history on the stiffness of overconsolidated soil},
	journal = {Geotechnique},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391882},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:11},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {40},
	pages = {-540},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3653
@article{bohrnsen2004silo,

	author = {B\"{o}hrnsen, J. U. and Antes, H. and Ostendorf, M. and Schwedes, J.},
	title = {Silo Discharge: Measurement and Simulation of Dynamic Behavior in Bulk Solids},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering \& Technology},
	year = {2004},

	abstract = {This paper deals with the experimental investigation and the numerical simulation of silo discharge processes, including dynamic interactions between the silo filling and the elastic silo walls. The discharge process is described by a system of nonlinear differential equations. Via the Finite Element Method (FEM) based on an EULERian reference frame, the deformation rate, the velocity field, the porosity, and the stress distribution can be calculated without the need of re-meshing the FE-grid. To compare simulation results with measured data, the numerical simulation examples are chosen to be similar to an experimental test-silo of the Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering at the Technical University of Braunschweig. Optical measurement techniques are applied to investigate the flow profile, and load cells on the silo walls register the stress evolution, e.g., a stress peak (switch) moving from the outlet to the transition from hopper to shaft.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391881},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ceat.200401913},
	doi = {10.1002/ceat.200401913},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:11},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ceat.200401913},
	volume = {27},
	pages = {-76},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3654
@article{lanier2004general,

	author = {Lanier, J. and Caillerie, D. and Chambon, R. and Viggiani, G. and B\'{e}suelle, P. and Desrues, J.},
	title = {A general formulation of hypoplasticity},
	journal = {International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics},
	year = {2004},

	abstract = {A general formulation of the theory of hypoplasticity is given, under the assumption that Cauchy stress is the only state variable. Such a formulation allows to discuss the relation between the so-called out-of-axis and in-axis moduli. It is proved that, in general, the out-of-axis moduli are independent from the in-axis moduli, which allows the former to be calibrated making use of experimental shear band data, as it is done in CLoE-hypoplasticity. The implicit assumptions made in K-hypoplasticity are detailed for two particular models of this family. Copyright {\\copyright}2004 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391880},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.394},
	doi = {10.1002/nag.394},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {15},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:11},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.394},
	volume = {28},
	pages = {-1478},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3655
@article{kolymbas2003shear,

	author = {Kolymbas, D. and Herle, I.},
	title = {Shear and objective stress rates in hypoplasticity},
	journal = {International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics},
	year = {2003},

	abstract = {This paper addresses some questions referring to shear within the context of hypoplasticity and the importance of objective stress rates in constitutive modelling. A short introduction to the stress changes due to rotations is followed by a discussion of the merits of the individual objective stress rates. It is shown that many of them differ only by terms that pertain to the constitutive description of a material. Apart from this it is shown that the Zaremba-Jaumann stress rate can lead to inconsistencies. This is, however, rather of academic importance and it appears that the use of \&Tdot; instead of any objective stress rate produces only minor or even undiscernible errors. Finally, a question referring to limit states is addressed, which is of particular interest with respect to hypoplasticity: should the limit state be defined by \&Tdot;=0 or by \&Tring;=0? Copyright {\\copyright}2003 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391879},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.297},
	doi = {10.1002/nag.297},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {9},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:11},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.297},
	volume = {27},
	pages = {-744},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3656
@article{royis1998theoretical,

	author = {Royis, P. and Doanh, T.},
	title = {Theoretical analysis of strain response envelopes using incrementally non-linear constitutive equations},
	journal = {International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics},
	year = {1998},

	abstract = {This paper reviews some incrementally non-linear constitutive equations of interpolation type, and proposes a new approach to illustrate the discrepancies between different interpolation models. This approach uses the strain response envelopes, based on experimental data when restricted to triaxial plane, and the Jacobian of the constitutive equations to examine the loss of uniqueness. A new family of interpolation functions is proposed to meet the three requirements: ð1-continuity of strain response envelope, correct description of experimental data, and respect of the one-to-one property. {\\copyright}1998 by John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391878},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9853(199802)22:2%253C97::AID-NAG911%253E3.0.CO;2-Z},
	doi = {10.1002/(SICI)1096-9853(199802)22:2%253C97::AID-NAG911%253E3.0.CO;2-Z},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:11},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9853(199802)22:2%253C97::AID-NAG911%253E3.0.CO;2-Z},
	volume = {22},
	pages = {-132},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3657
@article{wu1994simple,

	author = {Wu, Wei and Bauer, Erich},
	title = {A simple hypoplastic constitutive model for sand},
	journal = {International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics},
	year = {1994},

	abstract = {The paper presents a hypoplastic constitutive model for the three-dimensional non-linear stress-strain and dilatant volume change behaviour of sand. The model is developed without recourse to the concept in elastoplasticity theory such as yield surface, plastic potential and decomposition into elastic and plastic parts. Benefited from the non-linear tensorial functions available from the representation theorem the model possesses simple mathematical formulation and contains only four material parameters, which can be easily identified with triaxial compression tests. Comparison of the predictions with the experimental results shows that the model is capable of capturing the salient behaviour of sand under monotonic loading and is applicable to both drained and undrained conditions.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391877},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610181203},
	doi = {10.1002/nag.1610181203},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {12},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:11},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610181203},
	volume = {18},
	pages = {-862},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3658
@article{kolymbas1995hypoplastic_2,

	author = {Kolymbas, D. and Herle, I. and von Wolffersdorff, P. A.},
	title = {Hypoplastic constitutive equation with internal variables},
	journal = {International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics},
	year = {1995},

	abstract = {A new version of a hypoplastic constitutive equation is presented which is characterized by the introduction of a stress-like internal parameter called back stress. The back stress is a function of the void ratio and of the hydrostatic stress. Using a unique set of material constants, the new constitutive equation describes many aspects of the behaviour of cohesionless soils including the influence of density and stress level. This is demonstrated by a series of verification tests. The determination of the material constants from laboratory tests is described analytically.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391876},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610190604},
	doi = {10.1002/nag.1610190604},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:11},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610190604},
	volume = {19},
	pages = {415--436},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3659
@article{masin2005hypoplastic,

	author = {Masin, D.},
	title = {A hypoplastic constitutive model for clays},
	journal = {International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics},
	year = {2005},

	abstract = {This paper presents a new constitutive model for clays. The model is developed on the basis of generalized hypoplasticity principles, which are combined with traditional critical state soil mechanics. The positions of the isotropic normal compression line and the critical state line correspond to the Modified Cam clay model, the Matsuoka-Nakai failure surface is taken as the limit stress criterion and the non-linear behaviour of soils with different overconsolidation ratios is governed by the generalized hypoplastic formulation.The model requires five constitutive parameters, which correspond to the parameters of the Modified Cam clay model and are simple to calibrate on the basis of standard laboratory experiments. This makes the model particularly suitable for practical applications. The basic model may be simply enhanced by the intergranular strain concept, which allows reproducing the behaviour at very small strains. The model is evaluated on the basis of high quality laboratory experiments on reconstituted London clay. Contrary to a reference hypoplastic relation, the proposed model may be applied to highly overconsolidated clays. Improvement of predictions in the small strain range at different stress levels is also demonstrated. Copyright {\\copyright}2005 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391875},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.416},
	doi = {10.1002/nag.416},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:11},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.416},
	volume = {29},
	pages = {-336},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3660
@article{prevost1982twosurface,

	author = {Prevost, Jean H.},
	title = {Two-surface versus multi-surface plasticity theories: A critical assessment},
	journal = {International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics},
	year = {1982},

	abstract = {It is the objective of this note critically to assess the merits and shortcomings of two-surface and multi-surface plasticity theories.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391874},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610060305},
	doi = {10.1002/nag.1610060305},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:11},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610060305},
	volume = {6},
	pages = {-338},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3661
@article{niemunis1997hypoplastic_2,

	author = {Niemunis, A. and Herle, I.},
	title = {Hypoplastic model for cohesionless soils with elastic strain range},
	journal = {Mechanics of Cohesive-frictional Materials},
	year = {1997},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391873},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1484(199710)2:4%253C279::AID-CFM29%253E3.0.CO;2-8},
	doi = {10.1002/(SICI)1099-1484(199710)2:4%253C279::AID-CFM29%253E3.0.CO;2-8},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:11},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1484(199710)2:4%253C279::AID-CFM29%253E3.0.CO;2-8},
	volume = {2},
	pages = {279--299},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3662
@article{tejchman2008deterministic,

	author = {Tejchman, J. and G\'{o}rski, J.},
	title = {Deterministic and statistical size effect during shearing of granular layer within a micro-polar hypoplasticity},
	journal = {International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics},
	year = {2008},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391872},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.617},
	doi = {10.1002/nag.617},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.617},
	volume = {9999},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
	},

}

ref_id = 3663
@article{mehrabadi0000incremental,

	author = {Mehrabadi, M. M. and Loret, B. and Nemat-Nasser, S.},
	title = {Incremental Constitutive Relations for Granular Materials Based on Micromechanics},
	journal = {Proceedings: Mathematical and Physical Sciences},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Micromechanically based constitutive relations for two-dimensional flow of granular materials are presented. First, overall stresses are related to the interparticle forces and microstructural parameters. Then, the overall velocity gradient is related to measures of relative sliding and rotation of granules. The notion of the class of granules with continuously evolving distribution of contact normals, is introduced. Simple local constitutive relations are considered for the rate of change of the contact forces, the evolution of the contact normals, the mechanism of local failure, and the density of contacts in a particular class. This leads to macroscopic rate constitutive equations through a Taylor averaging method. Due to nonlinearity of the rate constitutive equations, the response is computed by an incremental procedure. As an illustration, the overall response of a two-dimensional assembly of discs subjected to an overall shearing deformation is determined. In addition, explicit results are presented for the evolution of fabric, contact forces, and the history of active and inactive classes of contacts. The stress-strain relations and the evolution of fabric and contact forces are in qualitative agreement with the observed behaviour of granular materials. In light of these results, the mechanisms of failure and inelastic deformation of dense as well as loose granular materials are discussed.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391870},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0962-8444%2819930608%29441%3A1913%3C433%3AICRFGM%3E2.0.CO%3B2-2},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1913},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0962-8444%2819930608%29441%3A1913%3C433%3AICRFGM%3E2.0.CO%3B2-2},
	volume = {441},
	pages = {The Royal Society---463},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3664
@article{zhu2007comparative,

	author = {Zhu, Huaning and Mehrabadi, Morteza M. and Massoudi, Mehrdad},
	title = {A comparative study of the hypoplasticity and the fabric-dependent dilatant double shearing models for granular materials},
	journal = {International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics},
	year = {2007},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391869},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.559},
	doi = {10.1002/nag.559},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.559},
	volume = {31},
	pages = {-756},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3665
@article{coleman0000theory,

	author = {Coleman, Bernard D. and Dill, Elus H.},
	title = {Theory of induced birefringence in materials with memory},
	journal = {Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391868},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-46G508K-H1/2/882dfaf99a77e85f042ed9f60c35a078},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-46G508K-H1/2/882dfaf99a77e85f042ed9f60c35a078},
	volume = {19},
	pages = {-243},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3666
@misc{goddard0000continuum,


	author = {Goddard, J. D.},
	booktitle = {Physics of dry granular media},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391867},
	editor = {Herrmann, H. J.},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	title = {Continuum modeling of granular assemblies},
	pages = {Kluwer---24},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3667
@article{szeri0000computational,

	author = {Szeri, Andrew J. and Leal, L. Gary},
	title = {A new computational method for the solution of flow problems of microstructured fluids. Part 1. Theory},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics Digital Archive},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391866},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {242},
	pages = {-576},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3668
@article{hinch0000constitutive_1,

	author = {Hinch, E. J. and Leal, L. G.},
	title = {Constitutive equations in suspension mechanics. Part 2. Approximate forms for a suspension of rigid particles affected by Brownian rotations},
	journal = {Journal Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391865},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {76},
	pages = {-208},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3669
@article{hinch0000constitutive_2,

	author = {Hinch, E. J. and Leal, L. G.},
	title = {Constitutive equations in suspension mechanics. Part 1. General formulation},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics Digital Archive},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391864},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {03},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {71},
	pages = {-495},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3670
@article{brady0000microstructure,

	author = {Brady, John F. and Morris, Jefferey F.},
	title = {Microstructure of strongly sheared suspensions and its impact on rheology and diffusion},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391863},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {348},
	pages = {-139},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3671
@article{tejchman2002patterns_2,

	author = {Tejchman, J.},
	title = {Patterns of shear zones in granular bodies within a polar hypoplastic continuum},
	journal = {Acta Mechanica},
	year = {2002},

	abstract = {Summary The paper deals with numerical investigations on the patterning of shear zones in granular bodies. The behavior of dry sand during plane strain compression tests was numerically modelled with a finite element method using a hypoplastic constitutive relation within a polar (Cosserat) continuum. The constitutive relation was obtained through an extension of a non-polar one by polar quantities, viz. rotations, curvatures, couple stresses using the mean grain diameter as a characteristic length. This relation can reproduce the essential features of granular bodies during shear localisation. During FE-calculations, the attention was laid on the influence of boundary conditions and the distribution of imperfections in the granular specimen on the formation of patterns of shear zones.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391862},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01170841},
	doi = {10.1007/BF01170841},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01170841},
	volume = {155},
	pages = {71--94},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3672
@proceedings{sun2006hybrid,

	title = {Hybrid two-fluid DEM simulation of gas-solid fluidized beds},
	year = {2006},

	abstract = {Simulations of gas-solid fluidized beds have been carried out using a hybrid simulation method, which couples the discrete element method (DEM) for particle dynamics with the ensemble-averaged two-fluid (TF) equations for the fluid phase. The coupling between the two phases is modeled using an interphase momentum transfer term. The results of the hybrid TF-DEM simulations are compared to experimental data and two-fluid model simulations. It is found that the TF-DEM simulation is capable of predicting general fluidized bed dynamics, i.e., pressure drop across the bed and bed expansion, which are in agreement with experimental measurements and two-fluid model predictions. In addition, the TF-DEM model demonstrates the capability to capture more heterogeneous structural information of the fluidized beds than the two-fluid model alone. The microstructures in fluidized beds are analyzed and the implications to kinetic theory for granular flows are discussed. However, the TF-DEM simulations depend on the form of the interphase momentum transfer model, which can be computed in terms of averaged or instantaneous particle quantities. Various forms of the interphase momentum transfer model are examined, and their suitability to the hybrid TF-DEM simulation approach is evaluated. Copyright \\copyright 2006 by ASME.},
	address = {Mechanical Engineering Dept., Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011},
	author = {Sun, Jin and Battaglia, Francine and Subramaniam, Shankar},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391859},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2006-14831},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	doi = {10.1115/IMECE2006-14831},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, flow, fluidization, granular, jin, kinetics, material, microstructure, momentum, pattern, suns, transfer},
	old_pages = {10+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2006-14831},
	pages = {10+},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		flow,
		fluidization,
		granular,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		material,
		microstructure,
		momentum,
		pattern,
		suns,
		transfer,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3673
@incollection{oda0000mechanics,

	author = {Oda, M.},
	title = {Mechanics of granular materials--an introduction},
	booktitle = {EMPTY},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391857},
	editor = {Oda, M. and Iwashita, K.},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Butterworth-Heinemann+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3674
@article{reynolds0000dilatancy,

	author = {Reynolds, Osborne},
	title = {On the Dilatancy of Media Composed of Rigid Particles. With Experimental Illustrations},
	journal = {Philosophical Magazine},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391856},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {127},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {20},
	pages = {-481},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3675
@article{bathurst0000observations_1,

	author = {Bathurst, Richard J. and Rothenburg, Leo},
	title = {Observations on stress-force-fabric relationships in idealized granular materials},
	journal = {Mechanics of Materials},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The paper presents a series of theoretical developments and numerical experiments directed at quantifying important features of the micromechanical behavior of granular media by introducing average characteristics of fabric anisotropy and certain statistical averages of contact forces. The introduced characteristics are explicitly linked to stress through a stress-force-fabric relationship. Numerical simulations are used to verify this relationship for plane assemblies and to trace the evolution of induced anisotropy in contact orientations and contact forces. It is shown that at large strain the degree of anisotropy in contact orientations achieves some limiting value and the macroscopic angle of friction at large strains can be expressed directly in terms of this value. Effects of the angle of interparticle friction and magnitude of interparticle stiffness on the shear capacity of numerical assemblies at large strain are investigated.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391855},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TX6-47XSWPY-F/2/ebb0a5e253d3e15c7d40aebd7a676fe7},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TX6-47XSWPY-F/2/ebb0a5e253d3e15c7d40aebd7a676fe7},
	volume = {9},
	pages = {65--80},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3676
@article{madadi2004fabric_1,

	author = {Madadi, M. and Tsoungui, O. and L\"{a}tzel, M. and Luding, S.},
	title = {On the fabric tensor of polydisperse granular materials in 2D},
	journal = {International Journal of Solids and Structures},
	year = {2004},

	abstract = {The trace of the fabric tensor in static, isotropic, two-dimensional, frictionless, polydisperse granular materials is examined theoretically and numerically. In the monodisperse case, the trace of the fabric tensor equals the product of volume fraction and coordination number--thus the fabrics trace can be seen as contact density. For various size distributions, we obtain a correction factor to the monodisperse observation, which involves the first three moments of the particle size distribution function. The theoretical prediction is found to be in good agreement with numerical simulations of static frictionless systems.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391854},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VJS-4BJ74WK-1/2/787089e9e62f4d9bd9899e5e0abc32f3},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bidisperse, databaseluding, discrete, distribution, fabric, jin, md, paper1, polydispersity, sjnk, suns, tensor},
	number = {9-10},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VJS-4BJ74WK-1/2/787089e9e62f4d9bd9899e5e0abc32f3},
	volume = {41},
	pages = {2563--2580},

	keywords = {
		bidisperse,
		databaseluding,
		discrete,
		distribution,
		fabric,
		jin,
		md,
		paper1,
		polydispersity,
		sjnk,
		suns,
		tensor,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3677
@article{kenichi0000distribution,

	author = {Ken-Ichi, Kanatani},
	title = {Distribution of directional data and fabric tensors},
	journal = {International Journal of Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Distribution of directional data is characterized by what is termed fabric tensors. A formal least square approximation is applied, and three kinds of fabric tensors are defined in connection with the choice of a basis of the space of functions on a unit sphere or a unit circle. All the resulting equations are Cartesian tensor equations, and they are interpreted in terms of the representation theory of the rotation group and the potential theory in electrodynamics. It is also shown how this characterization is related to the spherical harmonics expansion or the Fourier series expansion. Finally, a method of statistical test is presented in the Cartesian tensor form to check the true form of the distribution. A physical example is also given to illustrate the proposed technique.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391853},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V32-481FRNT-5M/2/3fb031bad2bf10851aa625a043d6a034},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V32-481FRNT-5M/2/3fb031bad2bf10851aa625a043d6a034},
	volume = {22},
	pages = {-164},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3678
@article{wu0000rational,

	author = {Wu, Wei},
	title = {Rational approach to anisotropy of sand},
	journal = {International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391852},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {11},
	old_pages = {940},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {22},
	pages = {940},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3679
@article{goddard1986dissipative,

	author = {Goddard, J.},
	title = {Dissipative materials as constitutive models for granular media},
	journal = {Acta Mechanica},
	year = {1986},

	abstract = {Summary We show that a recently proposed continuum theory for purely-dissipative simple materials provides a convenient rheological framework for the description of yielding and flow of granular materials. The isotropic version encompasses a number of the special models which emerge from experimental observation and from the kinetic theory of Savage and co-workers.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391851},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01182537},
	doi = {10.1007/BF01182537},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01182537},
	volume = {63},
	pages = {-13},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3680
@article{goddard0000memory,

	author = {Goddard, J. D.},
	title = {Memory materials without characteristic time and their relation to the rheology of certain particle suspensions},
	journal = {Advances in Colloid and Interface Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {It is shown that the lack of a characteristic time and the associated time-scale invariance serve to plac e severe restrictions on the rheology of a simple material. i.e. on the general form of the functional relating stress to deformation history. The rate-independent material proposed by Pipkin and Rivlin in 1965 as a model of plasticity in solids is found to arise as an important special case of a time-scale invariant material, and it is shown how their idea of rate-independent functionals can be used to construct rheological representations for more general materials, including fluids without charcateristic time. It is also demonstrated that such idealized fluids, which exhibit mathematically singular viscometric behavior, should provide a faithful continuum model for the rheology of rigid particle suspensions in Newtonian liquids (the generalized Einstein problem) and, as such, may provide asymptotic models for real particle susension, such as colloids, in the "flow-dominated" limit of large Deborah number.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391850},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V5F-442BVXS-1B/2/28c9e0b46d92b14d420e6c4ac4a2f54a},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V5F-442BVXS-1B/2/28c9e0b46d92b14d420e6c4ac4a2f54a},
	volume = {17},
	pages = {-262},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3681
@article{narumi0000response,

	author = {Narumi, Takatsune and See, Howard and Suzuki, Atsushi and Hasegawa, Tomiichi},
	title = {Response of concentrated suspensions under large amplitude oscillatory shear flow},
	journal = {Journal of Rheology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391849},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/49/71/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, fluid, jin, oscillation, particle, rheology, shear, suns, suspension, viscosity},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/49/71/1},
	volume = {49},
	pages = {SOR---85},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		fluid,
		jin,
		oscillation,
		particle,
		rheology,
		shear,
		suns,
		suspension,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3682
@article{narumi0000transient,

	author = {Narumi, Takatsune and See, Howard and Honma, Yuichi and Hasegawa, Tomiichi and Takahashi, Tsutomu and Phan-Thien, Nhan},
	title = {Transient response of concentrated suspensions after shear reversal},
	journal = {Journal of Rheology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391848},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/46/295/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, jin, rheology, shear, suns, suspension},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/46/295/1},
	volume = {46},
	pages = {SOR---305},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		jin,
		rheology,
		shear,
		suns,
		suspension,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3683
@article{phanthien0000constitutive,

	author = {Phan-Thien, Nhan},
	title = {Constitutive equation for concentrated suspensions in Newtonian liquids},
	journal = {Journal of Rheology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391847},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/39/679/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, jin, lubrication, microstructure, peclet, relaxation, shear, stressstrain, suns, suspension, time, transient, viscosity},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/39/679/1},
	volume = {39},
	pages = {SOR---695},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		jin,
		lubrication,
		microstructure,
		peclet,
		relaxation,
		shear,
		stress, strain,
		suns,
		suspension,
		time,
		transient,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3684
@article{cowin0000relationship,

	author = {Cowin, Stephen C.},
	title = {The relationship between the elasticity tensor and the fabric tensor},
	journal = {Mechanics of Materials},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {An algebraic relationship between the fourth rank elasticity tensor of a porous, anisotropic, linear elastic material and the fabric tensor of the material is considered. The fabric tensor is a symmetric second rank tensor which characterizes the geometric arrangement of the porous material microstructure. In developing this result it is assumed that the matrix material of the porous elastic solid is isotropic and, thus, that the anisotropy of the porous elastic solid is determined by the fabric tensor. It is then shown that the material symmetries of orthotropy, transverse isotropy and isotropy correspond to the cases of three, two and one distinct eigenvalues of the fabric tensor, respectively.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391846},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TX6-47Y9MTN-1B/2/b525249a81a399efe060f5a232d40848},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TX6-47Y9MTN-1B/2/b525249a81a399efe060f5a232d40848},
	volume = {4},
	pages = {-147},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3685
@article{tsai0000slowly,

	author = {Tsai and Gollub, J. P.},
	title = {Slowly sheared dense granular flows: Crystallization and nonunique final states},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391845},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v70/e031303},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, creep, crystallization, flow, granular, jin, rheology, shear, structure, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v70/e031303},
	volume = {70},
	pages = {APS---13},

	keywords = {
		creep,
		crystallization,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		rheology,
		shear,
		structure,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3686
@article{huang0000flow,

	author = {Huang, N. and Ovarlez, G. and Bertrand, F. and Rodts, S. and Coussot, P. and Bonn, Daniel},
	title = {Flow of Wet Granular Materials},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391844},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v94/e028301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, friction, granular, jin, lubrication, material, rheology, shear, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v94/e028301},
	volume = {94},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		lubrication,
		material,
		rheology,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3687
@article{kolli0000transient,

	author = {Kolli, Venkata G. and Pollauf, Emily J. and Gadala-Maria, Francis},
	title = {Transient normal stress response in a concentrated suspension of spherical particles},
	journal = {Journal of Rheology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391843},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/46/321/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, jin, rheology, shear, suns, suspension, viscosity},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/46/321/1},
	volume = {46},
	pages = {SOR---334},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		jin,
		rheology,
		shear,
		suns,
		suspension,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3688
@article{husband0000anisotropic,

	author = {Husband, D. M. and Gadala-Maria, F.},
	title = {Anisotropic Particle Distribution in Dilute Suspensions of Solid Spheres in Cylindrical Couette Flow},
	journal = {Journal of Rheology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391842},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/31/95/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, couette, flow, hydrodynamics, jin, rheology, suns, suspension},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/31/95/1},
	volume = {31},
	pages = {SOR---110},

	keywords = {
		couette,
		flow,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		rheology,
		suns,
		suspension,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3689
@article{lemaitre0000origin,

	author = {Lemaitre, Anael},
	title = {Origin of a Repose Angle: Kinetics of Rearrangement for Granular Materials},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391841},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v89/e064303},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	old_pages = {064303+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v89/e064303},
	volume = {89},
	pages = {064303+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3690
@incollection{marcher0000constitutive,

	author = {Marcher, Th and Vermeer, P. A. and von Wolffersdorff, P. A.},
	title = {Constitutive modelling of granular materials},
	booktitle = {EMPTY},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391840},
	editor = {Kolymbas, Dimitrios},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Springer-Verlag+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_DUPLICATE_TITLE,
	},

}

ref_id = 3691
@incollection{suiker0000constitutive,

	author = {Suiker, A. S. J. and de Borst, R. and Chang, C. S.},
	title = {Constitutive modelling of granular materials},
	booktitle = {EMPTY},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391839},
	editor = {Kolymbas, Dimitrios},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Springer-Verlag+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_DUPLICATE_TITLE,
	},

}

ref_id = 3692
@incollection{wu0000constitutive,

	author = {Wu, Wei and Kolymbas, Dimitrios},
	title = {Constitutive modelling of granular materials},
	booktitle = {EMPTY},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391838},
	editor = {Kolymbas, Dimitrios},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Springer-Verlag+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_DUPLICATE_TITLE,
	},

}

ref_id = 3693
@article{glasser0000one,

	author = {Glasser, B. J. and Kevrekidis, I. G. and Sundaresan, S.},
	title = {One- and two-dimensional travelling wave solutions in gas-fluidized beds},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics Digital Archive},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391837},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:10},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {306},
	pages = {183--221},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3694
@article{antony0000influence_1,

	author = {Antony, S. Joseph and Kuhn, Matthew R.},
	title = {Influence of particle shape on granular contact signatures and shear strength: new insights from simulations},
	journal = {International Journal of Solids and Structures},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The transmission of force within granular materials is sensitive to local particle arrangements, and because of this strong dependence, contact forces will usually be distributed in a complex, non-uniform manner. Load is transmitted by relatively rigid, heavily stressed chains of particles which form a sparse network of "strong" contacts carrying greater than average normal contact forces. The remaining groups of particles, which separate the strong force chains, are only lightly loaded. Based on computer simulations, we show that this complexity in three-dimensional granular materials can be greatly resolved by considering a single, gross measure of the anisotropic fabric distribution of strong contacts.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391836},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VJS-4CS4HW1-3/2/aef50e5b64a4ca15f0c393ac7a4a9f80},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, contact, granular, heterogeneity, jin, material, medium, stress, suns},
	number = {21},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VJS-4CS4HW1-3/2/aef50e5b64a4ca15f0c393ac7a4a9f80},
	volume = {41},
	pages = {-5870},

	keywords = {
		contact,
		granular,
		heterogeneity,
		jin,
		material,
		medium,
		stress,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3695
@article{antony2007link,

	author = {Antony, S. J.},
	title = {Link between single-particle properties and macroscopic properties in particulate assemblies: role of structures within structures},
	journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences},
	year = {2007},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391835},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2007.0004},
	doi = {10.1098/rsta.2007.0004},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1861},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2007.0004},
	volume = {365},
	pages = {-2891},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3696
@article{brujic2003jammed,

	author = {Brujic, Jasna and Edwards, Sam F. and Grinev, Dmitri},
	title = {Jammed systems in slow flow need a new statistical mechanics},
	journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences},
	year = {2003},

	abstract = {The slow dynamics of granular flow is studied as an extension of static granular problems, which, as a consequence of shaking or related regimes, can be studied by the methods of statistical mechanics. For packed (i.e. 'jammed'), hard and rough objects, kinetic energy is a minor and ignorable quantity, as is strain. Hence, in the static case, the stress equations need supplementing by 'missing equations' depending solely on configurations. These are in the literature; this paper extends the equilibrium studies to slow dynamics, claiming that the strain rate (which is a consequence of flow, not of elastic strain) takes the place of stress, and as before, the analogue of Stokes's equation has to be supplemented by new 'missing equations' which are derived and which depend only on configurations.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391834},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2002.1162},
	doi = {10.1098/rsta.2002.1162},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1805},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2002.1162},
	volume = {361},
	pages = {-751},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3697
@article{garg0000accurate,

	author = {Garg, R. and Narayanan, C. and Lakehal, D. and Subramaniam, S.},
	title = {Accurate numerical estimation of interphase momentum transfer in Lagrangian-Eulerian simulations of dispersed two-phase flows},
	journal = {International Journal of Multiphase Flow},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The Lagrangian-Eulerian (LE) approach is used in many computational methods to simulate two-way coupled dispersed two-phase flows. These include averaged equation solvers, as well as direct numerical simulations (DNS) and large-eddy simulations (LES) that approximate the dispersed-phase particles (or droplets or bubbles) as point sources. Accurate calculation of the interphase momentum transfer term in LE simulations is crucial for predicting qualitatively correct physical behavior, as well as for quantitative comparison with experiments. Numerical error in the interphase momentum transfer calculation arises from both forward interpolation/approximation of fluid velocity at grid nodes to particle locations, and from backward estimation of the interphase momentum transfer term at particle locations to grid nodes. A novel test that admits an analytical form for the interphase momentum transfer term is devised to test the accuracy of the following numerical schemes: (1) fourth-order Lagrange Polynomial Interpolation (LPI-4), (3) Piecewise Cubic Approximation (PCA), (3) second-order Lagrange Polynomial Interpolation (LPI-2) which is basically linear interpolation, and (4) a Two-Stage Estimation algorithm (TSE). A number of tests are performed to systematically characterize the effects of varying the particle velocity variance, the distribution of particle positions, and fluid velocity field spectrum on estimation of the mean interphase momentum transfer term. Numerical error resulting from backward estimation is decomposed into statistical and deterministic (bias and discretization) components, and their convergence with number of particles and grid resolution is characterized. It is found that when the interphase momentum transfer is computed using values for these numerical parameters typically encountered in the literature, it can incur errors as high as 80\% for the LPI-4 scheme, whereas TSE incurs a maximum error of 20\%. The tests reveal that using multiple independent simulations and higher number of particles per cell are required for accurate estimation using current algorithms. The study motivates further testing of LE numerical methods, and the development of better algorithms for computing interphase transfer terms.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391833},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V45-4P06CMK-1/2/d31d6fe1acf31c67ffcd59110ec46886},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, lagrangeeuler, numeric, particle, statistics, suns},
	number = {12},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V45-4P06CMK-1/2/d31d6fe1acf31c67ffcd59110ec46886},
	volume = {33},
	pages = {-1364},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		lagrangeeuler,
		numeric,
		particle,
		statistics,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3698
@article{massoudi2001continuum,

	author = {Massoudi, M. and Mehrabadi, M.},
	title = {A continuum model for granular materials: Considering dilatancy and the Mohr-Coulomb criterion},
	journal = {Acta Mechanica},
	year = {2001},

	abstract = {Summary In this paper we will explore the consequences of the Mohr-Coulomb criterion on the constitutive equation proposed by Rajagopal and Massoudi \\$[\\$1\\$]\\$. This contunuum model which is based on the earlier works of Cowin \\$[\\$2\\$]\\$ has also the ability to predict the dilatancy effect which is related to the normal stress effects. At the same time, if a proper representation is given to some of the material parameters, this model would also comply with the Mohr-Coulomb criterion. We also present, as a special case, an exact solution for the case of simple shear flows.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391831},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01176949},
	doi = {10.1007/BF01176949},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01176949},
	volume = {152},
	pages = {-138},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3699
@article{hand0000theory,

	author = {Hand, George L.},
	title = {A theory of anisotropic fluids},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391830},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {01},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {13},
	pages = {-46},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3700
@article{tardos0000fluid,

	author = {Tardos, Gabriel I.},
	title = {A fluid mechanistic approach to slow, frictional flow of powders},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Chemical and mechanical engineers are quite familiar with concepts of fluid flow which include mass and momentum balances and constitutive equations which contain such material characteristics as viscosity and density. Combination of the above correlations yields the well-known Navier-Stokes equations which have to be solved to obtain details of the flow field; a large number of analytical solutions of these equations exist. Somewhat similar equations have been developed for granular materials moving in the rapid granular flow regime, i.e. in the regime in which particle-particle contacts are not very extensive and hence friction is not prevalent. These equations result from a similarity between the movement of molecules and the flow of small elastic (or elasto-plastic) particles and resemble, for certain limiting cases, the fluid flow equations. Slow, frictional flows of powders are different in that particles are in contact for extended periods of time and friction is the overwhelming interaction. Flow in this regime is governed by the same mass and momentum balances but the constitutive equations are different. Only very recently have some of these equations been combined to yield a set of differential equations which take the place of the Navier-Stokes equations; only very few solutions of these equations exist. The present paper describes common features and major dissimilarities between different equations of motion for the above systems and some of their solutions and presents examples and comparisons of powder and fluid flows in identical geometries. Furthermore, general equations of motion for compressible powders in slow flow are developed and an example of an analytical solution is given.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391829},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-3SHJ5F7-8/2/e453f03de2362afa976713295fdbafe1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, coulomb, flow, friction, hardcopyluding, jin, motion, powder, suns, yield},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-3SHJ5F7-8/2/e453f03de2362afa976713295fdbafe1},
	volume = {92},
	pages = {61--74},

	keywords = {
		coulomb,
		flow,
		friction,
		hardcopyluding,
		jin,
		motion,
		powder,
		suns,
		yield,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3701
@article{pitman1993godunov,

	author = {Pitman, E. Bruce},
	title = {A Godunov method for localization in elastoplastic granular flow},
	journal = {International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics},
	year = {1993},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391828},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610170603},
	doi = {10.1002/nag.1610170603},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	old_pages = {400},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610170603},
	volume = {17},
	pages = {400},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3702
@article{piccolroaz0000elastoplastic,

	author = {Piccolroaz, Andrea and Bigoni, Davide and Gajo, Alessandro},
	title = {An elastoplastic framework for granular materials becoming cohesive through mechanical densification. Part I - small strain formulation},
	journal = {European Journal of Mechanics - A/Solids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Mechanical densification of granular bodies is a process in which a loose material becomes increasingly cohesive as the applied pressure increases. A constitutive description of this process faces the formidable problem that granular and dense materials have completely different mechanical behaviours (nonlinear elastic properties, yield limit, plastic flow and hardening laws), which must both be, in a sense, included in the formulation. A treatment of this problem is provided here, so that a new phenomenological, elastoplastic constitutive model is formulated, calibrated by experimental data, implemented and tested, that is capable of describing the transition between granular and fully dense states of a given material. The formulation involves a novel use of elastoplastic coupling to describe the dependence of cohesion and elastic properties on the plastic strain. The treatment falls within small strain theory, which is thought to be appropriate in several situations; however, a generalization of the model to large strain is provided in Part II of this paper.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391827},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VKW-4HMNFXD-1/2/c96a97a54f132d508903f4df225c98c9},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, ceramic, dense, elasticityplasticity, granular, jin, material, mechanics, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VKW-4HMNFXD-1/2/c96a97a54f132d508903f4df225c98c9},
	volume = {25},
	pages = {-357},

	keywords = {
		ceramic,
		dense,
		elasticity, plasticity,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		mechanics,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3703
@article{liao0000elastoplastic,

	author = {Liao, Ching-Lung and Chang, Ta-Peng and Young, Dong-Hwa},
	title = {Elasto-plastic constitutive modelling of granular assembly},
	journal = {International Journal of Solids and Structures},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A triaxial elasto-plastic stress-strain relationship of a continuum solid derived from a base of granular assembly is presented. It shows a macroscopic material nonlinearity by considering the local geometric nonlinearity of the material on the microscopic level of the granular assembly. For a given strain increment causing both elastic and plastic strain increments in an assembly, the elastic strain is calculated by the known uniform strain theory of granular materials, and the corresponding plastic strain increment is computed from the mechanism resulting from the strain due to slip between particles. Responses of two construction materials, steel and concrete, predicted by the proposed constitutive law are illustrated. Some other well-known physical phenomena like dilatation, necking and the confinement effect are also addressed under various loading cases, including uniaxial tension and compression, cyclic loading, biaxial and triaxial loadings.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391826},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VJS-3YKKXK7-4R/2/931fd74fe69226f3310b7ceacf276fb3},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {8-9},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VJS-3YKKXK7-4R/2/931fd74fe69226f3310b7ceacf276fb3},
	volume = {32},
	pages = {-1133},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3704
@article{gardiner2005micromechanical,

	author = {Gardiner, B. S. and Tordesillas, A.},
	title = {Micromechanical constitutive modelling of granular media: evolution and loss of contact in particle clusters},
	journal = {Journal of Engineering Mathematics},
	year = {2005},

	abstract = {Micromechanical constitutive equations are developed which allow for the broad range of interparticle interactions observed in a real deforming granular assembly: microslip contact, gross slip contact, loss of contact and an evolution in these modes of contact as the deformation proceeds. This was accomplished through a synergetic use of contact laws, which account for interparticle resistance to both sliding and rolling, together with strain-dependent anisotropies in contacts and the normal contact force. By applying the constitutive model to the bi-axial test it is demonstrated that the model can correctly predict the evolution of various anisotropies as well as the formation of a distinct shear band. Moreover, the predicted shear-band properties (e.g. thickness, prolonged localisation, void ratio) are an even better fit with experimental observations than were previously found by use of previously developed micromechanical models.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391825},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10665-004-2260-9},
	doi = {10.1007/s10665-004-2260-9},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10665-004-2260-9},
	volume = {52},
	pages = {-106},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3705
@article{pasternak2005generalised,

	author = {Pasternak, E. and Muhlhaus},
	title = {Generalised homogenisation procedures for granular materials},
	journal = {Journal of Engineering Mathematics},
	year = {2005},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391824},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10665-004-3950-z},
	doi = {10.1007/s10665-004-3950-z},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10665-004-3950-z},
	volume = {52},
	pages = {-229},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3706
@article{peters2005some,

	author = {Peters, John F.},
	title = {Some fundamental aspects of the continuumization problem in granular media},
	journal = {Journal of Engineering Mathematics},
	year = {2005},

	abstract = {The central problem of devising mathematical models of granular materials is how to define a granular medium as a continuum. This paper outlines the elements of a theory that could be incorporated in discrete models such as the Discrete-Element Method, without recourse to a continuum description. It is shown that familiar concepts from continuum mechanics such as stress and strain can be defined for interacting discrete quantities. Established concepts for constitutive equations can likewise be applied to discrete quantities. The key problem is how to define the constitutive response in terms of truncated strain measures that are a practical necessity for analysis of large granular systems.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391823},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10665-004-2117-2},
	doi = {10.1007/s10665-004-2117-2},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10665-004-2117-2},
	volume = {52},
	pages = {-250},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3707
@article{tejchman2004effect,

	author = {Tejchman, J. and Bauer, E.},
	title = {Effect of cyclic shearing on shear localisation in granular bodies},
	journal = {Granular Matter},
	year = {2004},

	abstract = {Cyclic shearing of an infinite narrow layer of dry and cohesionless sand between two very rough boundaries under constant vertical pressure is numerically modelled with the finite element method using a polar hypoplastic constitutive relation. The constitutive relation was obtained through an extension of a non-polar model by polar quantities, viz. particle rotations, curvatures, couple stresses using the mean grain diameter as a characteristic length. The proposed model captures the essential mechanical features of granular bodies in a wide range of densities and pressures with a single set of constants. The material constants can be easily determined from granulometric properties and laboratory tests. The attention of numerical simulations is laid on the influence of number of cycles on the thickness of an induced shear zone for both an initially dense and loose granular specimen. In addition, the effect of a stochastic distribution of the initial void ratio on shear localisation is demonstrated.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391822},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10035-003-0135-9},
	doi = {10.1007/s10035-003-0135-9},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10035-003-0135-9},
	volume = {5},
	pages = {-212},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3708
@article{wu2006highorder,

	author = {Wu, Wei},
	title = {On High-order Hypoplastic Models for Granular Materials},
	journal = {Journal of Engineering Mathematics},
	year = {2006},

	abstract = {Abstract\~{}\\~{}Granular materials show a wealth of interesting phenomena such as fluid-like behaviour and scale dependence. The description of these phenomena lies beyond the capability of conventional constitutive models. The paper discusses some high-order models within the framework of hypoplasticity. The high-order models are formulated by including the temporal and spatial derivatives of strain rate into the constitutive equation.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391821},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10665-006-9040-7},
	doi = {10.1007/s10665-006-9040-7},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10665-006-9040-7},
	volume = {56},
	pages = {-34},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3709
@article{tejchman0000modeling,

	author = {Tejchman, Jacek and Wu, Wei},
	title = {Modeling of textural anisotropy in granular materials with stochastic micro-polar hypoplasticity},
	journal = {International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The paper deals with a numerical analysis of the effect of textural anisotropy on the behaviour of cohesionless granular materials with consideration of shear localization. For a simulation of the mechanical behaviour of a granular material during a monotonic deformation path, an isotropic micro-polar hypoplastic constitutive model was used. To describe textural effects, spatially correlated random fields of the initial void ratio were subject to rotation against the horizontal axis. The 2D random fields were generated using a conditional rejection method. The results were compared with those obtained with an anisotropic micro-polar constitutive model for a uniform distribution of the initial void ratio. The calculations were carried out with an initially dense granular specimen during plane strain compression under constant lateral pressure.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391820},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ2-4NFR5CT-1/2/e842b8ee7c13f16ad4a656ddf9f69353},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, anisotropy, granular, hypoplasticity, jin, material, micropolar, random, shear, suns, texture},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ2-4NFR5CT-1/2/e842b8ee7c13f16ad4a656ddf9f69353},
	volume = {42},
	pages = {-894},

	keywords = {
		anisotropy,
		granular,
		hypoplasticity,
		jin,
		material,
		micropolar,
		random,
		shear,
		suns,
		texture,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3710
@article{hill2005mathematics,

	author = {Hill, J. M. and Selvadurai, A. P. S.},
	title = {Mathematics and mechanics of granular materials},
	journal = {Journal of Engineering Mathematics},
	year = {2005},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391819},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10665-005-2729-1},
	doi = {10.1007/s10665-005-2729-1},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10665-005-2729-1},
	volume = {52},
	pages = {-9},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3711
@article{cox0000hypoplasticity_1,

	author = {Cox, Grant M. and Hill, James M.},
	title = {Hypoplasticity theory for granular materials--II: Three-dimensional axially symmetric exact solutions},
	journal = {International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In part I of this paper, we consider the governing equations of hypoplasticity theory for two-dimensional steady quasi-static plane strain compressible gravity flow and determine some exact analytical solutions applying for certain special cases. Similarly, for the three-dimensional situation considered here in part II, we undertake a similar mathematical investigation to determine some simple solutions of the governing equations for three-dimensional steady quasi-static axially symmetric compressible gravity flow for hypoplastic granular materials. We again find that for certain special cases, we are able to determine some exact solutions for the stress and velocity profiles. We comment that hypoplasticity theory generally gives rise to complicated systems of coupled non-linear differential equations, for which the determination of any analytical solutions is not a trivial matter, and that the solutions determined here might be exploited as benchmarks for full numerical schemes.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391818},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ2-4GG8MCN-2/2/2c39c1d029e3b464734f43bf856c5527},
	old_keywords = {3d, \_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, hypoplasticity, jin, material, suns, symmetry},
	number = {9},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ2-4GG8MCN-2/2/2c39c1d029e3b464734f43bf856c5527},
	volume = {40},
	pages = {-1203},

	keywords = {
		3d,
		granular,
		hypoplasticity,
		jin,
		material,
		suns,
		symmetry,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3712
@article{cox0000hypoplasticity_2,

	author = {Cox, Grant M. and Hill, James M.},
	title = {Hypoplasticity theory for granular materials--I: Two-dimensional plane strain exact solutions},
	journal = {International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Numerous theories have been developed in order to gain a better understanding of the behaviour of granular materials. One such theory, originally developed by the Institute for Soil and Rock Mechanics at the University of Karlsruhe over the last decade or so, is the rational continuum mechanical theory termed hypoplasticity. This theory involves a constitutive law for which the stress-rate is a properly invariant isotropic tensorial function of the stress- and strain-rate tensors, but possesses a non-differentiable dependence on the strain-rate tensor. From a practical perspective, it would be highly desirable to determine simple solutions of hypoplasticity applying to a range of fundamental problems, such as gravity flow in a two-dimensional wedge-shaped hopper. Although this is the original motivation of this study, the complexity of the theory appears to preclude the determination of simple analytical solutions, such as the classical solution of Jenike applying to the Coulomb-Mohr granular solid. In this paper, we undertake a mathematical investigation to determine solutions for two-dimensional steady quasi-static plane strain compressible gravity flow for hypoplastic granular materials. For certain special cases we are able to determine some exact solutions for the stress and velocity profiles. We comment that hypoplasticity theory generally gives rise to complicated systems of coupled non-linear differential equations, for which the determination of any analytical solution is not a trivial matter. Three-dimensional axially symmetric solutions analogous to those given in this present study are presented in a companion paper, part II.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391817},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ2-4GKWC24-1/2/923d83a19473659219ea90f25ab9bdc0},
	old_keywords = {2d, \_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, hypoplasticity, jin, material, plane, strain, suns},
	number = {9},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ2-4GKWC24-1/2/923d83a19473659219ea90f25ab9bdc0},
	volume = {40},
	pages = {-1188},

	keywords = {
		2d,
		granular,
		hypoplasticity,
		jin,
		material,
		plane,
		strain,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3713
@article{snider0000incompressible,

	author = {Snider, D. M.},
	title = {An Incompressible Three-Dimensional Multiphase Particle-in-Cell Model for Dense Particle Flows},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A three-dimensional, incompressible, multiphase particle-in-cell method is presented for dense particle flows. The numerical technique solves the governing equations of the fluid phase using a continuum model and those of the particle phase using a Lagrangian model. Difficulties associated with calculating interparticle interactions for dense particle flows with volume fractions above 5\% have been eliminated by mapping particle properties to an Eulerian grid and then mapping back computed stress tensors to particle positions. A subgrid particle, normal stress model for discrete particles which is robust and eliminates the need for an implicit calculation of the particle normal stress on the grid is presented. Interpolation operators and their properties are defined which provide compact support, are conservative, and provide fast solution for a large particle population. The solution scheme allows for distributions of types, sizes, and density of particles, with no numerical diffusion from the Lagrangian particle calculations. Particles are implicitly coupled to the fluid phase, and the fluid momentum and pressure equations are implicitly solved, which gives a robust solution.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391816},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-45BCD26-T/2/4a0437babc36cb24479766d21063dbe8},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-45BCD26-T/2/4a0437babc36cb24479766d21063dbe8},
	volume = {170},
	pages = {-549},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3714
@article{oger2005several,

	author = {Oger, L.},
	title = {Several Numerical Approaches of Granular Flows Applied to Inclined Plane Studies},
	journal = {Traffic and Granular Flow '03},
	year = {2005},

	abstract = {We compare different techniques to modelize granular flows on two-dimensional inclined planes. An example of each simulation is described. some characteristics and the limitations of the different models are mentionned.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391815},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-28091-X_60},
	doi = {10.1007/3-540-28091-X_60},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-28091-X_60},
	pages = {-590},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3715
@article{rodriguezpaz2003corrected,

	author = {Rodriguez-Paz, M. X. and Bonet, J.},
	title = {A corrected smooth particle hydrodynamics method for the simulation of debris flows},
	journal = {Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations},
	year = {2003},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391814},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/num.10083},
	doi = {10.1002/num.10083},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {163},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/num.10083},
	volume = {20},
	pages = {163},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3716
@article{gutfraind0000smoothed,

	author = {Gutfraind, Ricardo and Savage, Stuart B.},
	title = {Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics for the Simulation of Broken-Ice Fields: Mohr-Coulomb-Type Rheology and Frictional Boundary Conditions},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391813},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-45SJ858-1/2/c2773ac613a0107021f62566ccff53c1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-45SJ858-1/2/c2773ac613a0107021f62566ccff53c1},
	volume = {134},
	pages = {-215},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3717
@article{gustafsson0000smoothed,

	author = {Gustafsson, G. and Haggblad and Oldenburg, M.},
	title = {Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamic Simulation of Iron Ore Pellets Flow},
	journal = {AIP Conference Proceedings},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391812},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?APC/908/1483/1},
	editor = {de Sa, Jose M. and Santos, Abel D.},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, granular, iron, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?APC/908/1483/1},
	volume = {908},
	pages = {AIP---1488},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		granular,
		iron,
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3718
@article{patankar0000lagrangian,

	author = {Patankar, N. A. and Joseph, D. D.},
	title = {Lagrangian numerical simulation of particulate flows},
	journal = {International Journal of Multiphase Flow},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391811},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V45-43TWF9Y-2/2/f56046181973aed1f03c41c495b6eb73},
	old_keywords = {3d, \_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bimodal, eulerlagrange, flow, fracture, gravity, inclined, instability, jin, lns, multiphase, nonstaggered, numeric, particle, particlecell, pressure, rayleightaylor, sediment, suns, time, twophase, volume},
	number = {10},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V45-43TWF9Y-2/2/f56046181973aed1f03c41c495b6eb73},
	volume = {27},
	pages = {-1706},

	keywords = {
		3d,
		bimodal,
		euler, lagrange,
		flow,
		fracture,
		gravity,
		inclined,
		instability,
		jin,
		lns,
		multiphase,
		nonstaggered,
		numeric,
		particle,
		particle, cell,
		pressure,
		rayleigh, taylor,
		sediment,
		suns,
		time,
		twophase,
		volume,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3719
@article{patankar0000modeling,

	author = {Patankar, N. A. and Joseph, D. D.},
	title = {Modeling and numerical simulation of particulate flows by the Eulerian-Lagrangian approach},
	journal = {International Journal of Multiphase Flow},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391810},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V45-43TWF9Y-1/2/95c445b9515f7759afc26fb38778aac0},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bimodal, eulerlagrange, flow, fluidization, gassolid, inclined, jin, liquidsolid, lns, multiphase, nonstaggered, numeric, particle, particlecell, sediment, suns, twophase},
	number = {10},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V45-43TWF9Y-1/2/95c445b9515f7759afc26fb38778aac0},
	volume = {27},
	pages = {-1684},

	keywords = {
		bimodal,
		euler, lagrange,
		flow,
		fluidization,
		gas, solid,
		inclined,
		jin,
		liquid, solid,
		lns,
		multiphase,
		nonstaggered,
		numeric,
		particle,
		particle, cell,
		sediment,
		suns,
		twophase,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3720
@article{sharma0000fast,

	author = {Sharma, Nitin and Patankar, Neelesh A.},
	title = {A fast computation technique for the direct numerical simulation of rigid particulate flows},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In this paper, we present a computation technique for the direct numerical simulation of freely moving rigid bodies in fluids. We solve three-dimensional laminar flow problems using a control volume approach. The key feature of this approach is that the computational overhead (relative to a pure fluid solver) to solve for the motion of rigid particle is very small. The formulation is convenient for handling irregular geometries. We present results for the sedimentation of particles of different shapes. Convergence tests are presented to assess the order of accuracy of the numerical scheme. Various test cases are considered and the numerical results are compared with experimental values to validate the code. Due to the ability to perform fast computations, this method has been used for animations and its application to the direct numerical simulation of turbulent particulate flows merits investigation. The technique is not restricted to any constitutive model of the suspending fluid. Hence, it may potentially be used in Large Eddy Simulations (LES) or Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) type simulations.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391809},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4F4HN6N-1/2/b99e17688ab8cfcf389f5fc43be96c4e},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, distribution, flow, jin, lagrange, multiplier, numeric, particle, rigidity, suns, turbulence},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4F4HN6N-1/2/b99e17688ab8cfcf389f5fc43be96c4e},
	volume = {205},
	pages = {-457},

	keywords = {
		distribution,
		flow,
		jin,
		lagrange,
		multiplier,
		numeric,
		particle,
		rigidity,
		suns,
		turbulence,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3721
@article{hao0000moving,

	author = {Hao, Su and Liu, Wing K.},
	title = {Moving particle finite element method with superconvergence: Nodal integration formulation and applications},
	journal = {Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A new approach of moving particle finite element method has been developed which is capable to gain a global superconvergence through solving particle kernel function to satisfy high order consistencies. The nodal-based moving particle finite element method, inconjunction with the proposed superconvergence approach, provides an optimized combination in numerical accuracy and computation efficiency. The three-dimensional engineering scale simulations demonstrate that this scheme is robust and capable to handle high-speed penetration and dynamic crack propagation with intersonic and supersonic speeds.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391808},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V29-4J90VWD-2/2/885e6d14b71fbc4ea6d1bc49e82ecb02},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, crack, dynamics, efg, growth, jin, meshless, moving, particle, penetration, rkpm, sph, suns, superconvergence, supersonic},
	number = {44-47},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V29-4J90VWD-2/2/885e6d14b71fbc4ea6d1bc49e82ecb02},
	volume = {195},
	pages = {-6072},

	keywords = {
		crack,
		dynamics,
		efg,
		growth,
		jin,
		meshless,
		moving,
		particle,
		penetration,
		rkpm,
		sph,
		suns,
		superconvergence,
		supersonic,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3722
@article{hao2002moving,

	author = {Hao, Su and Park, Harold S. and Liu, Wing K.},
	title = {Moving particle finite element method},
	journal = {International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering},
	year = {2002},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391807},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.368},
	doi = {10.1002/nme.368},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {8},
	old_pages = {1958},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.368},
	volume = {53},
	pages = {1958},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3723
@article{hao2004moving,

	author = {Hao, Su and Liu, Wing K. and Belytschko, Ted},
	title = {Moving particle finite element method with global smoothness},
	journal = {International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering},
	year = {2004},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391806},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.999},
	doi = {10.1002/nme.999},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {7},
	old_pages = {1020},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.999},
	volume = {59},
	pages = {1020},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3724
@article{todd0000stability,

	author = {Todd, B. D. and Daivis, Peter J.},
	title = {The stability of nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of elongational flows},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391805},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/112/40/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, flow, instability, jin, molecule, nonequilibrium, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/112/40/1},
	volume = {112},
	pages = {AIP---46},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		flow,
		instability,
		jin,
		molecule,
		nonequilibrium,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3725
@article{li0000deciding,

	author = {Li, Ju and Kevrekidis, Panayotis G. and Gear, C. William and Kevrekidis, Ioannis G.},
	title = {Deciding the Nature of the Coarse Equation through Microscopic Simulations: The Baby-Bathwater Scheme},
	journal = {SIAM Review},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391804},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?SIR/49/469/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, grain, jin, microscopy, multiscale, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?SIR/49/469/1},
	volume = {49},
	pages = {SIAM--487},

	keywords = {
		grain,
		jin,
		microscopy,
		multiscale,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3726
@article{moon0000coarse,

	author = {Moon, Sung J. and Ghanem, R. and Kevrekidis, I. G.},
	title = {Coarse Graining the Dynamics of Coupled Oscillators},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391803},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v96/e144101},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, chaos, jin, oscillation, suns, synchronisation},
	number = {14},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v96/e144101},
	volume = {96},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		chaos,
		jin,
		oscillation,
		suns,
		synchronisation,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3727
@article{gear0000projective,

	author = {Gear, C. W. and Kevrekidis, Ioannis G.},
	title = {Projective Methods for Stiff Differential Equations: Problems with Gaps in Their Eigenvalue Spectrum},
	journal = {SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391802},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?SCE/24/1091/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, stability, stiffness, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?SCE/24/1091/1},
	volume = {24},
	pages = {SIAM--1106},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		stability,
		stiffness,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3728
@article{gear0000coarse,

	author = {Gear, C. W. and Kevrekidis, Ioannis G. and Theodoropoulos, Constantinos},
	title = {`Coarse' integration/bifurcation analysis via microscopic simulators: micro-Galerkin methods},
	journal = {Computers \& Chemical Engineering},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We present a time-stepper based approach to the `coarse' integration and stability/bifurcation analysis of distributed reacting system models. The methods we discuss are applicable to systems for which the traditional modeling approach through macroscopic evolution equations (usually partial differential equations, PDEs) is not possible because the PDEs are not available in closed form. If an alternative, microscopic (e.g. Monte Carlo or Lattice Boltzmann) description of the physics is available, we illustrate how this microscopic simulator can be enabled (through a computational superstructure) to perform certain integration and numerical bifurcation analysis tasks directly at the coarse, systems level. This approach, when successful, can circumvent the derivation of accurate, closed form, macroscopic PDE descriptions of the system. The direct `systems level' analysis of microscopic process models, facilitated through such numerical `enabling technologies', may, if practical, advance our understanding and use of nonequilibrium systems.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391801},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFT-45NGHRR-1/2/153835daa359a77824c9f58021ad677b},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bifurcation, boltzmann, jin, lattice, model, multiscale, suns},
	number = {7-8},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFT-45NGHRR-1/2/153835daa359a77824c9f58021ad677b},
	volume = {26},
	pages = {-963},

	keywords = {
		bifurcation,
		boltzmann,
		jin,
		lattice,
		model,
		multiscale,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3729
@article{bose0000dynamics,

	author = {Bose, Manaswita and Rhodes, Martin},
	title = {Dynamics of an intruder in a shaken granular bed},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The rise dynamics of a large particle in a 2-D vibrated bed of small grains is studied both experimentally and using a Molecular Dynamics simulation technique. The large particle is tracked as it moves upward in the bed and the velocity and acceleration of the particle are deter mined. Results suggest an important influence of the relative density of the large particle as well as the height of the background bed on the dynamics of the rising particle.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391800},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4MDP83G-2/2/63b7934aaf63fb2c99b8c02fa9b869eb},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, granular, jin, nut, phenomenon, suns},
	number = {1-2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4MDP83G-2/2/63b7934aaf63fb2c99b8c02fa9b869eb},
	volume = {179},
	pages = {-30},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		granular,
		jin,
		nut,
		phenomenon,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3730
@article{sierou0000rheology,

	author = {Sierou, A. and Brady, J. F.},
	title = {Rheology and microstructure in concentrated noncolloidal suspensions},
	journal = {Journal of Rheology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391799},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/46/1031/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, fluid, jin, nonnewtonian, rheology, shear, suns, suspension, twophase, viscosity},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/46/1031/1},
	volume = {46},
	pages = {SOR---1056},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		fluid,
		jin,
		nonnewtonian,
		rheology,
		shear,
		suns,
		suspension,
		twophase,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3731
@article{richard2005slow,

	author = {Richard, Patrick and Nicodemi, Mario and Delannay, Renaud and Ribiere, Philippe and Bideau, Daniel},
	title = {Slow relaxation and compaction of granular systems},
	journal = {Nat Mater},
	year = {2005},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391798},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat1300},
	comment = {10.1038/nmat1300},
	doi = {10.1038/nmat1300},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat1300},
	volume = {4},
	pages = {-128},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3732
@article{delannay2007towards_2,

	author = {Delannay, R. and Louge, M. and Richard, P. and Taberlet, N. and Valance, A.},
	title = {Towards a theoretical picture of dense granular flows down inclines},
	journal = {Nat Mater},
	year = {2007},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391797},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat1813},
	comment = {10.1038/nmat1813},
	doi = {10.1038/nmat1813},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat1813},
	volume = {6},
	pages = {-108},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3733
@article{pearson0000conventional,

	author = {Pearson, J. R. A.},
	title = {Can Conventional Continuum Mechanics Provide Adequate Simulations for Flows of Complex Fluids?},
	journal = {Industrial \& Engineering Chemistry Research},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Abstract: It is argued in this article that the remarkable successes achieved in simulating the flow of Newtonian fluids in complex geometries cannot currently be achieved for most important flows of complex fluids. The examples chosen to illustrate this thesis are the processing of polymer melts, the flow of wormlike micellar surfactant fluids, the flow of suspensions, and the flow of non-Newtonian fluids in porous media. Despite the efforts of rheologists over the past five decades, fully adequate rheological equations of state cannot be provided for any of these fluids. This can be attributed to the mesoscale structures (within the fluids viewed as continua) underlying their rheological complexity. It is concluded that simulations carried out at several scales, using suitable up-scaling techniques, will be necessary to provide numerical predictions at the process (continuum) level. Empiricism will continue to play a role in process engineering.},
	address = {Schlumberger Cambridge Research, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0EL, U.K.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391796},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://pubs3.acs.org/acs/journals/doilookup?in_doi=10.1021/ie0702072},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {19},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://pubs3.acs.org/acs/journals/doilookup?in_doi=10.1021/ie0702072},
	volume = {46},
	pages = {-6139},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3734
@article{stickel0000constitutive,

	author = {Stickel, Jonathan J. and Phillips, Ronald J. and Powell, Robert L.},
	title = {A constitutive model for microstructure and total stress in particulate suspensions},
	journal = {Journal of Rheology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391795},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1122/1.2209558},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/50/379/1},
	doi = {10.1122/1.2209558},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, jin, suns, suspension, viscosity},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/50/379/1},
	volume = {50},
	pages = {SOR---413},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		jin,
		suns,
		suspension,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_INCOMPLETE_W_DOI,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3735
@article{toiya0000transient,

	author = {Toiya, Masahiro and Stambaugh, Justin and Losert, Wolfgang},
	title = {Transient and Oscillatory Granular Shear Flow},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391794},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v93/e088001},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, couette, flow, granular, instability, jin, shear, suns},
	number = {8},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v93/e088001},
	volume = {93},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		couette,
		flow,
		granular,
		instability,
		jin,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3736
@article{stickel2005fluid,

	author = {Stickel, Jonathan J. and Powell, Robert L.},
	title = {FLUID MECHANICS AND RHEOLOGY OF DENSE SUSPENSIONS},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2005},

	abstract = {Abstract We review the fluid mechanics and rheology of dense suspensions, emphasizing investigations of microstructure and total stress. Dense or highly concentrated suspensions are those in which the average particle separation distance is less than the particle radius. For these suspensions, multiple-body interactions as well as two-body lubrication play a significant role and the rheology is non-Newtonian. We include investigations of multimodal suspensions, but not those of suspensions with dominant nonhydrodynamic interactions. We consider results from both physical experiments and computer simulations and explore scaling theories and the development of constitutive equations.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391793},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.36.050802.122132},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.fluid.36.050802.122132},
	doi = {10.1146/annurev.fluid.36.050802.122132},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.fluid.36.050802.122132},
	volume = {37},
	pages = {-149},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3737
@article{bricker0000oscillatory,

	author = {Bricker, Jonathan M. and Butler, Jason E.},
	title = {Oscillatory shear of suspensions of noncolloidal particles},
	journal = {Journal of Rheology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391792},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/50/711/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, couette, diffusion, flow, fluid, instability, jin, oscillation, particle, rheology, shear, stress, suns, suspension, twophase, viscosity},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/50/711/1},
	volume = {50},
	pages = {SOR---728},

	keywords = {
		couette,
		diffusion,
		flow,
		fluid,
		instability,
		jin,
		oscillation,
		particle,
		rheology,
		shear,
		stress,
		suns,
		suspension,
		twophase,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3738
@article{bricker0000correlation,

	author = {Bricker, Jonathan M. and Butler, Jason E.},
	title = {Correlation between stresses and microstructure in concentrated suspensions of non-Brownian spheres subject to unsteady shear flows},
	journal = {Journal of Rheology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391791},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/51/735/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, fluid, internal, jin, oscillation, rheology, shear, stress, suns, suspension},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/51/735/1},
	volume = {51},
	pages = {SOR---759},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		fluid,
		internal,
		jin,
		oscillation,
		rheology,
		shear,
		stress,
		suns,
		suspension,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3739
@article{dzuy0000yield,

	author = {Dzuy, Nguyen Q. and Boger, D. V.},
	title = {Yield Stress Measurement for Concentrated Suspensions},
	journal = {Journal of Rheology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391790},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/27/321/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, deformation, flow, jin, kinetics, plastic, rheology, soil, stress, suns, suspension, thixotropy, viscoplasticity, yield},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/27/321/1},
	volume = {27},
	pages = {SOR---349},

	keywords = {
		deformation,
		flow,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		plastic,
		rheology,
		soil,
		stress,
		suns,
		suspension,
		thixotropy,
		viscoplasticity,
		yield,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3740
@article{gadalamaria0000shearinduced,

	author = {Gadala-Maria, F. and Acrivos, Andreas},
	title = {Shear-Induced Structure in a Concentrated Suspension of Solid Spheres},
	journal = {Journal of Rheology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391789},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/24/799/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/24/799/1},
	volume = {24},
	pages = {SOR---814},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3741
@article{baran0000velocity_1,

	author = {Baran, Oleh and Kondic, Lou},
	title = {Velocity profiles, stresses, and Bagnold scaling of sheared granular system in zero gravity},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391788},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/17/073304/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boundary, couette, flow, fluid, granular, jin, layer, oscillation, shear, slip, suns},
	number = {7},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/17/073304/1},
	volume = {17},
	pages = {AIP---15},

	keywords = {
		boundary,
		couette,
		flow,
		fluid,
		granular,
		jin,
		layer,
		oscillation,
		shear,
		slip,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3742
@article{blumenfeld0000stresses,

	author = {Blumenfeld, Raphael},
	title = {Stresses in two-dimensional isostatic granular systems: exact solutions},
	journal = {New Journal of Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {It has been recognized that the concept of isostaticity holds the key to understanding stress transmission in cohesionless granular media. Here the field equations of isostaticity theory in two-dimensions are studied and solutions are derived. The equations are first decoupled into integro-differential equations for the three independent stress components, highlighting the role of a particular position-dependent fabric tensor. In disordered, but statistically isotropic, systems the fluctuations decay with length-scale and the decoupled equations can be expanded to first order and solved. The zero-order solutions are obtained in closed form and give rise to force chains that propagate along straight characteristic lines. At this order solutions do not attenuate and chains cross one another without interference or scattering. The analysis of the first-order correction reveals emergence of weaker secondary force chains that branch off the zero-order chains and into a 'cone of influence' that they span.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391787},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {9},
	pages = {-160},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3743
@article{walsh2007development,

	author = {Walsh, Stuart and Tordesillas, Antoinette and Peters, John},
	title = {Development of micromechanical models for granular media},
	journal = {Granular Matter},
	year = {2007},

	abstract = {Abstract\~{}\\~{}Micromechanical analysis has the potential to resolve many of the deficiencies of constitutive equations of granular continua by incorporating information obtained from particle-scale measurements. The outstanding problem in applying micromechanics to granular media is the projection scheme to relate continuum variables to particle-scale variables. Within the confines of a projection scheme that assumes affine motion, contact laws based on binary interactions do not fully capture important instabilities. Specifically, these contact laws do not consider mesoscale mechanics related to particle group behaviour such as force chains commonly seen in granular media. The implications of this are discussed in this paper by comparison of two micromechanical constitutive models to particle data observed in computer simulations using the discrete element method (DEM). The first model, in which relative deformations between isolated particle pairs are projected from continuum strain, fails to deliver the observed behaviour. The second model accounts for the contact mechanics at the mesoscale (i.e. particle group behaviour) and, accordingly, involves a nonaffine projection scheme. In contrast with the first, the second model is shown to display strain softening behaviour related to dilatancy and produce realistic shear bands in finite element simulations of a biaxial test. Importantly, the evolution of microscale variables is correctly replicated.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391786},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10035-007-0043-5},
	doi = {10.1007/s10035-007-0043-5},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, hardcopyluding, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10035-007-0043-5},
	volume = {9},
	pages = {-352},

	keywords = {
		hardcopyluding,
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3744
@article{christoffersen0000micromechanical,

	author = {Christoffersen, J. and Mehrabadi, M. M. and Nemat-Nasser},
	title = {A micro-mechanical description of granular material behavior},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391785},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {48},
	pages = {-344},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3745
@article{edwards2003statistical,

	author = {Edwards, S. F. and Grinev, D. V.},
	title = {Statistical mechanics of granular materials: stress propagation and distribution of contact forces},
	journal = {Granular Matter},
	year = {2003},

	abstract = {In a static granular material all particles are touching their neighbours and given a sufficiently high density a jammed state results. A new approach which employs statistical-mechanical concepts is offered for the description of such states. We investigate the simplest statically determinate problem and derive equations of stress propagation. The simplest Boltzmann type equation for the probability of contact force distribution is formulated and solved for model packings. The theory predicts a distribution for the probability of finding a contact force of magnitude f as em f / f which is in a good agreement with experimental data. We also propose a pathway to calculating the macroscopic stress tensor as a function of compactivity in a static and slowly sheared granular media.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391784},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10035-002-0117-3},
	doi = {10.1007/s10035-002-0117-3},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10035-002-0117-3},
	volume = {4},
	pages = {-153},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3746
@article{tuckerman0000modified,

	author = {Tuckerman, Mark E. and Mundy, Christopher J. and Balasubramanian, Sundaram and Klein, Michael L.},
	title = {Modified nonequilibrium molecular dynamics for fluid flows with energy conservation},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391781},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/106/5615/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, couette, dynamics, flow, jin, mechanics, molecule, statistics, suns, velocity},
	number = {13},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/106/5615/1},
	volume = {106},
	pages = {AIP---5621},

	keywords = {
		couette,
		dynamics,
		flow,
		jin,
		mechanics,
		molecule,
		statistics,
		suns,
		velocity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3747
@article{cambou0000anisotropy,

	author = {Cambou, B. and Dubujet, Ph and Nouguier-Lehon, C.},
	title = {Anisotropy in granular materials at different scales},
	journal = {Mechanics of Materials},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This paper is dedicated to the analysis of the local phenomena which give rise to anisotropy in granular materials. This anisotropy can be observed for small strains ("elastic strains") as well as large irreversible strains ("plastic strains"). Elastic anisotropy appears to be due to the distribution of contacts, the shape of particles and the non-linear local contact law. Anisotropic non-reversible behaviour seems to be related to two kinds of anisotropy, the usual geometric anisotropy and a static anisotropy governing the distribution of contact forces.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391780},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TX6-4BHCNW1-5/2/5522eb45d27461d474995c4cd9bebbf2},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, anisotropy, contact, dynamics, granular, homogeneity, jin, material, suns},
	number = {12},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TX6-4BHCNW1-5/2/5522eb45d27461d474995c4cd9bebbf2},
	volume = {36},
	pages = {-1194},

	keywords = {
		anisotropy,
		contact,
		dynamics,
		granular,
		homogeneity,
		jin,
		material,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3748
@article{sitharam2003discrete,

	author = {Sitharam, Thallak},
	title = {Discrete element modelling of cyclic behaviour of granular materials},
	journal = {Geotechnical and Geological Engineering},
	year = {2003},

	abstract = {Discrete Element Modeling (DEM) of cyclic behavior of granular material has been attempted to understand liquefaction behavior of sands. A series of cyclic biaxial tests in both undrained and drained conditions with constant stress and strain amplitudes were performed on assemblage of loose and dense systems. Tests are conducted on monodisperse (uniform) and polydisperse (well graded) samples. From this study, it has been shown that DEM can simulate the cyclic behavior of sands very satisfactorily. Characteristic features, i.e., occurrence of large plastic strains and changing over from contractile to dilative behavior beyond the phase transformation angle, anisotropy of reduced strength on the extension side etc are very well reflected in numerical simulations. Liquefaction of loose assemblage seems to be mainly due to continued and cumulative loss of co-ordination number under each cycle as there is a reversal of loading direction and hence a continuous reorientation of fabric. There is no cumulative loss of co-ordination number in dense states because the stress ratios are mostly higher than the phase transformation level where the fabric has reached a limiting orientation. Micro mechanical explanations to the macroscopic behavior of the disc assemblage under cyclic loading are presented in terms of the force and fabric anisotropy coefficients.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391779},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:GEGE.0000006036.00597.0b},
	doi = {10.1023/B:GEGE.0000006036.00597.0b},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:GEGE.0000006036.00597.0b},
	volume = {21},
	pages = {-329},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3749
@article{planas0000constitutive,

	author = {Planas, J. and Guinea, G. V. and Elices, M.},
	title = {Constitutive model for fiber-reinforced materials with deformable matrices},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391778},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e041903},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, biology, biomechanics, deformation, fiber, jin, natural, protein, suns, tissue},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e041903},
	volume = {76},
	pages = {APS---9},

	keywords = {
		biology,
		biomechanics,
		deformation,
		fiber,
		jin,
		natural,
		protein,
		suns,
		tissue,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3750
@article{danker0000dynamics,

	author = {Danker, Gerrit and Biben, Thierry and Podgorski, Thomas and Verdier, Claude and Misbah, Chaouqi},
	title = {Dynamics and rheology of a dilute suspension of vesicles: Higher-order theory},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391777},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e041905},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bifurcation, biology, biophysics, biorheology, cell, dynamics, fluid, jin, molecule, suns, viscosity},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e041905},
	volume = {76},
	pages = {APS---10},

	keywords = {
		bifurcation,
		biology,
		biophysics,
		biorheology,
		cell,
		dynamics,
		fluid,
		jin,
		molecule,
		suns,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3751
@article{ulrich0000influence,

	author = {Ulrich, Stephan and Schroter, Matthias and Swinney, Harry L.},
	title = {Influence of friction on granular segregation},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391776},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e042301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, friction, granular, jin, material, segregation, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e042301},
	volume = {76},
	pages = {APS---3},

	keywords = {
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		segregation,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3752
@article{hansen0000parameterization,

	author = {Hansen, J. S. and Daivis, Peter J. and Travis, Karl P. and Todd, B. D.},
	title = {Parameterization of the nonlocal viscosity kernel for an atomic fluid},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391775},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e041121},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, flow, fluid, fourier, jin, molecule, shear, suns, transformation, viscosity},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e041121},
	volume = {76},
	pages = {APS---8},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		flow,
		fluid,
		fourier,
		jin,
		molecule,
		shear,
		suns,
		transformation,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3753
@article{smith0000yielding,

	author = {Smith, P. A. and Petekidis, G. and Egelhaaf, S. U. and Poon, W. C. K.},
	title = {Yielding and crystallization of colloidal gels under oscillatory shear},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391774},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e041402},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, blend, colloid, crystal, crystallization, deformation, flow, gel, jin, polymer, rheology, shear, suns, suspension},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e041402},
	volume = {76},
	pages = {APS---11},

	keywords = {
		blend,
		colloid,
		crystal,
		crystallization,
		deformation,
		flow,
		gel,
		jin,
		polymer,
		rheology,
		shear,
		suns,
		suspension,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3754
@article{arcidiacono0000lattice,

	author = {Arcidiacono, S. and Karlin, I. V. and Mantzaras, J. and Frouzakis, C. E.},
	title = {Lattice Boltzmann model for the simulation of multicomponent mixtures},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391773},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e046703},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boltzmann, diffusion, flow, gas, hydrodynamics, jet, jin, lattice, microfluidics, mixing, molecule, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e046703},
	volume = {76},
	pages = {APS---11},

	keywords = {
		boltzmann,
		diffusion,
		flow,
		gas,
		hydrodynamics,
		jet,
		jin,
		lattice,
		microfluidics,
		mixing,
		molecule,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3755
@article{borzsonyi0000flow,

	author = {Borzsonyi, Tamas and Ecke, Robert E.},
	title = {Flow rule of dense granular flows down a rough incline},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391772},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e031301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, copper, flow, glass, granular, jin, sand, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v76/e031301},
	volume = {76},
	pages = {APS---10},

	keywords = {
		copper,
		flow,
		glass,
		granular,
		jin,
		sand,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3756
@article{zamankhan0000complex_2,

	author = {Zamankhan, Piroz and Huang, Jun},
	title = {Complex Flow Dynamics in Dense Granular Flows---Part II: Simulations},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391771},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?AMJ/74/691/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, damping, flow, friction, granular, jin, material, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?AMJ/74/691/1},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {ASME---702},

	keywords = {
		damping,
		flow,
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3757
@article{candela2007measurements,

	author = {Candela, D. and Huan, C. and Facto, K. and Wang, R. and Mair, R. and Walsworth, R.},
	title = {NMR measurements of grain and gas motion in a gas-fluidized granular bed},
	journal = {Granular Matter},
	year = {2007},

	abstract = {Abstract\~{}\\~{}Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments are described for gas-fluidized granular beds, which are important systems for many materials-processing operations. Using pulsed field gradient, magnetic resonance imaging, and hyperpolarized gas NMR, detailed information is obtained for the density and motions of both grains and interstitial gas. In particular, dynamic correlations in the grain density are used to measure the bubble velocity and hyperpolarized xenon gas NMR is used to measure the bubble-emulsion exchange rate. A goal of these measurements is to verify in earth gravity first-principles theories of granular flows.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391770},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10035-007-0045-3},
	doi = {10.1007/s10035-007-0045-3},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10035-007-0045-3},
	volume = {9},
	pages = {-335},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3758
@article{nicot0000micromechanical,

	author = {Nicot, Francois and Darve, Felix},
	title = {Micro-mechanical bases of some salient constitutive features of granular materials},
	journal = {International Journal of Solids and Structures},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Although phenomenological constitutive models have the ability to exhibit most salient macroscopic features of granular materials, they generally do not provide any convincing interpretation of them: their basic origin remains hidden. It is now well established that the micro-structure of granular materials plays a significant role in their overall constitutive behavior. In the past few years, a great deal of theoretical and experimental research has been devoted to this domain, giving rise to efficient micro-mechanical approaches. First, this paper reviews the micro-directional model, which is a micro-mechanically based constitutive relation. Then an extension is proposed to describe the possible collapse of force chains. This micro-structural adjunction is shown to be sufficient to simulate work-hardening and softening mechanisms. A granular assembly, containing a multitude of frictional contacts whose orientation is generally anisotropically distributed, exhibits various other typical features such as the nonassociated character of plastic strains. The micro-structural origin of this feature is investigated, and further conclusions related to the existence of a regular or a singular flow rule are drawn.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391769},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VJS-4NMWRFX-2/2/22864eeddd979801fbb0f8dcc553aba3},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, chain, flow, force, granular, homogeneity, jin, material, microstructure, model, multiscale, nonassociativeness, softening, suns},
	number = {22-23},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VJS-4NMWRFX-2/2/22864eeddd979801fbb0f8dcc553aba3},
	volume = {44},
	pages = {-7443},

	keywords = {
		chain,
		flow,
		force,
		granular,
		homogeneity,
		jin,
		material,
		microstructure,
		model,
		multiscale,
		nonassociativeness,
		softening,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3759
@article{lindborg0000practical,

	author = {Lindborg, Havard and Lysberg, Magne and Jakobsen, Hugo A.},
	title = {Practical validation of the two-fluid model applied to dense gas-solid flows in fluidized beds},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This paper discusses the simulation of bubbling gas-solid flows by using the Eulerian two-fluid approach. Predictions of particle motion, bed expansion, bubble size and bubble velocity in bubbling beds containing Geldart B particles are compared with experimental results and correlations found in the literature. In addition, gas mixing in a bed of Geldart A particles is investigated. An in-house code has been developed based on the finite-volume method and the time-splitting approach using a staggered grid arrangement. The velocities in both phases are obtained by solving the 2D Reynolds-averaged Navier/Stokes equations using a partial elimination algorithm (PEA) and a coupled solver. The k-[epsilon] turbulence model is used to describe the turbulent quantities in the continuous phase. In general, the model predictions are in good agreement with experimental data found in the literature. Most important observations are: the level of the restitution coefficient was found to be crucial in order to obtain successful results from 2D axisymmetric simulations of a system containing Geldart B particles. Bubble size and bubble rise velocities are not as sensitive to the restitution coefficient. The turbulence model is of outmost importance concerning gas mixing in a fluidized bed of Geldart A particles. From these numerical analyzes an optimized granular flow two-fluid model can be designed for the purpose of simulating reactive systems in fluidized bed reactors.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391768},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4P0DJT4-7/2/88739ebbb0cb5304b5ddb79536c87cbe},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, fluid, fluidization, granular, jin, material, mechanics, multiphase, suns, turbulence},
	number = {21},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4P0DJT4-7/2/88739ebbb0cb5304b5ddb79536c87cbe},
	volume = {62},
	pages = {-5869},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		fluid,
		fluidization,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		mechanics,
		multiphase,
		suns,
		turbulence,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3760
@article{fang0000shearing,

	author = {Fang, Chung and Wang, Yongqi and Hutter, Kolumban},
	title = {Shearing flows of a dry granular material hypoplastic constitutive theory and numerical simulations},
	journal = {International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391767},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {14},
	old_pages = {1437},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {30},
	pages = {1437},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3761
@article{borghi2007towards,

	author = {Borghi, Roland and Bonelli, St\~{A}copyrightphane},
	title = {Towards a constitutive law for the unsteady contact stress in granular media},
	journal = {Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics},
	year = {2007},

	abstract = {Abstract\~{}\\~{}In order to build a unified modelling for granular media by means of Eulerian averaged equations, it is necessary to study two contributions in the effective Cauchy stress tensor: the first one concerns solid and fluid matter, including contact and collisions between grains; the second one focuses on the random movements of grains and fluid, similar to Reynolds stress for turbulent flows. It is shown that the point of view of piecewise continuous media already used for two phase flows allows one to derive a constitutive equation for the first contribution, under the form of a partial differential equation. Similarly as for the Reynolds stress in turbulent flows, this equation cannot be written only in terms of averaged quantities without adequate approximations. The structure of the closed equation is discussed with respect to irreversible thermodynamics, and in connection with some already existing models. It is emphasised that numerical simulations by the discrete elements method can be used in order to validate these approximations, through numerical experiments statistically considered. Finally an extension of this approach to the second contribution of the effective Cauchy stress tensor is briefly discussed, showing how the modelling of both contributions have to be coupled.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391766},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00161-007-0058-5},
	doi = {10.1007/s00161-007-0058-5},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00161-007-0058-5},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_UNMATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3762
@article{hutter1994flows_2,

	author = {Hutter, K. and Rajagopal, K. R.},
	title = {On flows of granular materials},
	journal = {Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics},
	year = {1994},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391765},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01140894},
	doi = {10.1007/BF01140894},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01140894},
	volume = {6},
	pages = {81--139},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3763
@article{roux0000geometric,

	author = {Roux, Jean-No\"{e}l},
	title = {Geometric origin of mechanical properties of granular materials},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391764},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v61/p6802},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	old_pages = {6802+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v61/p6802},
	volume = {61},
	pages = {6802+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3764
@article{yoshimura0000comparison,

	author = {Yoshimura, Ann S. and Prud'homme, Robert K. and Princen, H. M. and Kiss, A. D.},
	title = {A Comparison of Techniques for Measuring Yield Stresses},
	journal = {Journal of Rheology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391763},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/31/699/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, emulsion, flow, jin, mechanics, rheology, shear, slip, stress, suns, yield},
	number = {8},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JOR/31/699/1},
	volume = {31},
	pages = {SOR---710},

	keywords = {
		emulsion,
		flow,
		jin,
		mechanics,
		rheology,
		shear,
		slip,
		stress,
		suns,
		yield,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3765
@article{nguyen1992measuring,

	author = {Nguyen, Q. D. and Boger, D. V.},
	title = {Measuring the Flow Properties of Yield Stress Fluids},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {1992},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391762},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.24.010192.000403},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.fl.24.010192.000403},
	doi = {10.1146/annurev.fl.24.010192.000403},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.fl.24.010192.000403},
	volume = {24},
	pages = {-88},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3766
@article{prosperetti0000stress,

	author = {Prosperetti, A. and Zhang, Q. and Ichiki, K.},
	title = {The stress system in a suspension of heavy particles: antisymmetric contribution},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391761},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {554},
	pages = {-146},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3767
@article{lees0000computer,

	author = {Lees, A. W. and Edwards, S. F.},
	title = {The computer study of transport processes under extreme conditions},
	journal = {Journal of Physics C: Solid State Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A method is developed to investigate the behaviour of a liquid under the action of a very high shearing force using computer simulated molecular dynamics. Values for the viscosity are calculated but these require more extensive computation for statistical accuracy. A short calculation is, however, sufficient to establish the nature of the processes involved, and to plot the velocity distribution curve; these graphs are presented. The method abandons the usual homogeneous isotropic cyclic conditions used so far in calculation of transport coefficients and can be applied to arbitrarily large shear.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391760},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {15},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {5},
	pages = {1921},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3768
@article{hoover0000canonical,

	author = {Hoover, William G.},
	title = {Canonical dynamics: Equilibrium phase-space distributions},
	journal = {Physical Review A},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391759},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRA/v31/p1695},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	old_pages = {1695+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRA/v31/p1695},
	volume = {31},
	pages = {1695+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3769
@article{geldart0000types,

	author = {Geldart, D.},
	title = {Types of gas fluidization},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The behaviour of solids fluidized by gases falls into four clearly recognizable groups, characterized by density difference (\\$[\\$varrho\\$]\\$s-\\$[\\$varrho\\$]\\$f) and mean particle size. The most easily recognizable features of the groups are: powders in group A exhibit dense phase expansion after minimum fluidization and prior to the commenment of bubbling; those in group B bubble at the minimum fluidization velocity; those in group C are difficult to fluidize at all and those in group D can form stable spouted beds. A numerical criterion which distinguishes between groups A and B has been devised and agrees well with published data. Generalizations concerning powders within a group can be made with reasonable confidence but conclusions drawn from observations made on a powder in one group should not in general be used to predict the behaviour of a powder in another group.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391758},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-442B19J-1B/2/4cca44b7d0939fadcd6f83715ca78918},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-442B19J-1B/2/4cca44b7d0939fadcd6f83715ca78918},
	volume = {7},
	pages = {-292},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3770
@article{ellero0000incompressible,

	author = {Ellero, Marco and Serrano, Mar and Espanol, Pep},
	title = {Incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We present a smoothed particle hydrodynamic model for incompressible fluids. As opposed to solving a pressure Poisson equation in order to get a divergence-free velocity field, here incompressibility is achieved by requiring as a kinematic constraint that the volume of the fluid particles is constant. We use Lagrangian multipliers to enforce this restriction. These Lagrange multipliers play the role of non-thermodynamic pressures whose actual values are fixed through the kinematic restriction. We use the SHAKE methodology familiar in constrained molecular dynamics as an efficient method for finding the non-thermodynamic pressure satisfying the constraints. The model is tested for several flow configurations.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391757},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4P2YWYC-5/2/611488181b994c812ccd286bcef63457},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, hydrodynamics, incompressible, jin, particle, smoothness, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4P2YWYC-5/2/611488181b994c812ccd286bcef63457},
	volume = {226},
	pages = {-1752},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		hydrodynamics,
		incompressible,
		jin,
		particle,
		smoothness,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3771
@article{koutsourelakis0000stochastic,

	author = {Koutsourelakis, P. S.},
	title = {Stochastic upscaling in solid mechanics: An excercise in machine learning},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This paper presents a consistent theoretical and computational framework for upscaling in random microstructures. We adopt an information theoretic approach in order to quantify the informational content of the microstructural details and find ways to condense it while assessing quantitatively the approximation introduced. In particular, we substitute the high-dimensional microscale description by a lower-dimensional representation corresponding for example to an equivalent homogeneous medium. The probabilistic characteristics of the latter are determined by minimizing the distortion between actual macroscale predictions and the predictions made using the coarse model. A machine learning framework is essentially adopted in which a vector quantizer is trained using data generated computationally or collected experimentally. Several parallels and differences with similar problems in source coding theory are pointed out and an efficient computational tool is employed. Various applications in linear and non-linear problems in solid mechanics are examined.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391756},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4NJWP0T-2/2/b13994cd1769d4442dee0aad96064679},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, heterogeneity, homogeneity, jin, random, ratedistortion, suns, upscaling},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4NJWP0T-2/2/b13994cd1769d4442dee0aad96064679},
	volume = {226},
	pages = {-325},

	keywords = {
		heterogeneity,
		homogeneity,
		jin,
		random,
		rate, distortion,
		suns,
		upscaling,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3772
@article{mcdermott0000particle,

	author = {McDermott, R. and Pope, S. B.},
	title = {A particle formulation for treating differential diffusion in filtered density function methods},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We present a new approach for treating molecular diffusion in filtered density function (FDF) methods for modeling turbulent reacting flows. The diffusion term accounts for molecular transport in physical space and molecular mixing in composition space. Conventionally, the FDF is represented by an ensemble of particles and transport is modeled by a random walk in physical space. There are two significant shortcomings in this transport model: (1) the resulting composition variance equation contains a spurious production term and (2) because the random walk is governed by a single diffusion coefficient, the formulation cannot account for differential diffusion, which can have a first-order effect in reacting flows. In our new approach transport is simply modeled by a mean drift in the particle composition equation. The resulting variance equation contains no spurious production term and differential diffusion is treated easily. Hence, the new formulation reduces to a direct numerical simulation (DNS) in the limit of vanishing filter width, a desirable property of any large-eddy simulation (LES) approach. We use the IEM model for mixing. It is shown that there is a lower bound on the specified mixing rate such that the boundedness of the compositions is ensured. We present a numerical method for solving the particle equations which is second-order accurate in space and time, obeys detailed conservation, enforces the realizability and boundedness constraints and is unconditionally stable.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391755},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4NR18N0-2/2/4716c7c2c8b04ce3192f7fec228259ea},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, density, diffusion, filtration, flow, jin, numeric, particle, reaction, suns, turbulence},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4NR18N0-2/2/4716c7c2c8b04ce3192f7fec228259ea},
	volume = {226},
	pages = {-993},

	keywords = {
		density,
		diffusion,
		filtration,
		flow,
		jin,
		numeric,
		particle,
		reaction,
		suns,
		turbulence,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3773
@article{jiang0000from,

	author = {Jiang, Yimin and Liu, Mario},
	title = {From Elasticity to Hypoplasticity: Dynamics of Granular Solids},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391754},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v99/e105501},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {10},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v99/e105501},
	volume = {99},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3774
@article{nie0000continuum,

	author = {Nie, X. and Chen, S. and {E} and Robbins, Mark O.},
	title = {A Continuum and Molecular Dynamics Hybrid Method for Micro- and Nano-Fluid Flow},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391752},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {500},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_UNMATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3775
@article{weinan0000multiscale,

	author = {Weinan and Engquist, B.},
	title = {Multiscale Modeling and Computation},
	journal = {Notices of the American Mathematical Society},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391751},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {9},
	old_pages = {1070},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {50},
	pages = {1070},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3776
@article{weinan0000heterogeneous,

	author = {Weinan and Engquist, Bjorn and Li, Xiantao and Ren, Weiqing and Vanden-Eijnden, Eric},
	title = {The heterogeneous multiscale methods},
	journal = {Communications in Mathematical Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391750},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {132},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {1},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_UNMATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3777
@incollection{marcher0000macromodelling,

	author = {Marcher, T. and Vermeer, P. A.},
	title = {Macromodelling of softening in non-cohesive soils},
	booktitle = {Continuous and discontinuous modelling of cohesive-frictional materials},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Considering non-cohesive material, the void ratio is used to control softening on the friction angle. In order to obtain well-posed boundary-value problems, the softening parameter is defined as a nonlocal state parameter, so that computational results remain independent of the FEM-discretization. The model is evaluated through a comparison of numerical analysis and experimental data on Hostun sand. For a calibration of the constitutive model triaxial tests and oedometer tests with near-homogeneous deformations were used. Biaxial tests with strong shear-banding for dense sand were used to study the evolution of strain localization. The resulting shear band thickness, the role of the internal length and the input of combining both material and geometric softening are discussed.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391749},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/yh8lf1htpq1cerct},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/yh8lf1htpq1cerct},
	volume = {568},
	pages = {89--110},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3778
@incollection{steinmann0000view,

	author = {Steinmann, P.},
	title = {A view on the variational setting of micropolar continua},
	booktitle = {Continuous and discontinuous modelling of cohesive-frictional materials},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The objective of this contribution is to elaborate upon the variational setting for micropolar continua with constrained and unconstrained rotations. To this end, several mixed variational principles and their regularizations are considered for both the geometrically linear and nonlinear case. The interrelation between the different formulations are highlighted. The most advantageous result is obtained by translating the insight gained for the geometrically linear case to the geometrically nonlinear case involving large strains and large rotations. It turns out that a particular micropolar description involves standard constitutive models for the symmetric stress part together with a nonsymmetric penalty stress thus circumventing the cumbersome need to describe the constitutive law in terms of a nonsymmetric strain measure.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391748},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/bexl1qa9phgaxb3c},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/bexl1qa9phgaxb3c},
	pages = {Springer---},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3779
@incollection{chambon0000microstructured,

	author = {Chambon, R. and Matsuchima, T. and Caillerie, D.},
	title = {Microstructured materials: local constitutive equation with internal lenght, theoretical and numerical studies},
	booktitle = {Continuous and discontinuous modelling of cohesive-frictional materials},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Starting from the theory of microstrucured materials, a local second gradient theory is developed by adding to the theory kinematical constraints. Using these constraints to eliminate some variables is one way to deal with such models. In some simple cases, it is possible to get analytical solutions of boundary value problems which can be used as benchmark for numerical studies. A finite element method able to take into account geometrical non linearities is done. In order to avoid difficulties arising usually with C1 continuity requirements, a field of Lagrange multipliers corresponding to the constraints introduced so far, is used. Results obtained with this finite element method are quite satisfactory.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391747},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/u6x02y6uwn2fwnge},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/u6x02y6uwn2fwnge},
	pages = {Springer---},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3780
@incollection{ehlers0000microscopic,

	author = {Ehlers, W. and Diebels, S. and Michelitsch, T.},
	title = {Microscopic modelling of granular materials taking into account particle rotations},
	booktitle = {Continuous and discontinuous modelling of cohesive-frictional materials},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Granular material is characterized by the appearance of localization phenomena, as for instance the formation of shear bands under the influence of gravity. By means of a micromechanically motivated discrete element method (DEM), two-dimensional simulations of monodisperse circular disks are performed, where both translational and rotational degrees of freedom of the particles are taken into account by the consideration of Newtonian equations of motion for the translations and by Eulerian equations of motion for the rotations of the single particles. It turns out that even for the simplest contact laws, e. g. a combination of Coulomb and Newton type friction for the tangential contact of monodisperse particles and a repulsive damped spring normal contact force, shear bands are obtained. In the regime of small relative tangential velocities, the viscous part of the frictional contact law becomes effective. Then, '`slow\\tt" relative tangential velocities are surpressed corresponding to an enforcing of rolling modes characterized by zero relative tangential velocities in the contact points and leading to an instability that corresponds to shear banding. The DEM simulations furthermore suggest that the size distribution of the assembly modifies the shape of the shear band but is not necessary for its formation. These propositions seem to be in agreement with the experimental observations reported in the paper by Viggiani et al. \\$[\\$23\\$]\\$ included in this volume.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391746},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/5ufnrxlahukawp3w},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/5ufnrxlahukawp3w},
	volume = {568},
	pages = {Springer---},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3781
@incollection{latzel0000from,

	author = {Latzel, M. and Luding, S. and Herrmann, H. J.},
	title = {From discontinuous models towards a continuum description},
	booktitle = {Continuous and discontinuous modelling of cohesive-frictional materials},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391745},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/a17c72hgvy8c283d},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:07},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/a17c72hgvy8c283d},
	volume = {568},
	pages = {Springer---230},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3782
@incollection{cambou0000difficulties,

	author = {Cambou, B. and Dubujet, Ph},
	title = {Difficulties and limitation of statistical homogenization in granular materials},
	booktitle = {Continuous and discontinuous modelling of cohesive-frictional materials},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A global constitutive model for granular material can be obtained from a change of scale using a statistical homogenization procedure. This kind of approach uses various operators for the change of scale. This paper presents the difficulties encountered to define all these operators and analyzes the validity of the relations proposed in the literature. These different analyses are based on the results obtained from a 2 D numerical simulation using the DEM.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391744},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/grxrwrb48fjbavmu},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:06},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/grxrwrb48fjbavmu},
	volume = {568},
	pages = {-},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3783
@incollection{kruyt0000micromechanics,

	author = {Kruyt, N. P. and Rothenburg, L.},
	title = {Micromechanics of the elastic behaviour of granular materials},
	booktitle = {Continuous and discontinuous modelling of cohesive-frictional materials},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Micromechanics of granular materials deals with the relation between microscopic and macroscopic characteristics. This study focuses on elastic behaviour. An overview of micromechanics of granular materials is given. Two regimes are identified, uniform strain and uniform stress. It follows from extremum principles that these regimes correspond to upper and lower bounds for the moduli. A statistical theory is outlined that is based on maximum disorder. The results of Discrete Element simulations, based on isotropic assemblies of 50,000 particles, are used to gain insight in the relevant phenomena and to verify theoretical predictions. A linear relation between number of contacts and particle radius is observed. The statistical theory is valid for loose systems, while the uniform strain theory is valid for dense systems. In general, the relative displacements do not match the uniform strain assumption. Gaussian probability density functions are observed for the relative displacement s. No equipartition of energy is found.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391741},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/kyubt3t4dt0j6cb5},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:06},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/kyubt3t4dt0j6cb5},
	volume = {568},
	pages = {Springer---},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3784
@article{danna2003observing_2,

	author = {D'Anna, G. and Mayor, P. and Barrat, A. and Loreto, V. and Nori, Franco},
	title = {Observing brownian motion in vibration-fluidized granular matter},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {2003},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391740},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01867},
	comment = {10.1038/nature01867},
	doi = {10.1038/nature01867},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6951},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:06},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01867},
	volume = {424},
	pages = {-912},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3785
@article{danna2001jamming,

	author = {D'Anna, G. and Gremaud, G.},
	title = {The jamming route to the glass state in weakly perturbed granular media},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {2001},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391739},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35096540},
	comment = {10.1038/35096540},
	doi = {10.1038/35096540},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6854},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:06},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35096540},
	volume = {413},
	pages = {-409},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3786
@article{silbert0000rheology,

	author = {Silbert, Leonardo E. and Grest, Gary S. and Brewster, Robert and Levine, Alex J.},
	title = {Rheology and Contact Lifetimes in Dense Granular Flows},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391738},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v99/e068002},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:06},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v99/e068002},
	volume = {99},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3787
@article{huntley2007measurements,

	author = {Huntley, J. M. and Martin, T. W. and Mantle, M. D. and Shattuck, M. D. and Sederman, A. J. and Wildman, R. D. and Gladden, L. F. and Halliwell, N. A.},
	title = {NMR measurements and hydrodynamic simulations of phase-resolved velocity distributions within a three-dimensional vibrofluidized granular bed},
	journal = {Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences},
	year = {2007},

	abstract = {We report the results of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging experiments on vertically vibrated granular beds of mustard grains. A novel spin-echo velocity profiling technique was developed that allows granular temperature, mean velocity and packing fraction distributions within the three-dimensional cell to be measured as a function of both vertical position and vibration phase. Bimodal velocity distributions were observed at certain portions of the vibration cycle, and in general the ability to acquire time-resolved data demonstrated the significant distortions to the velocity distributions and the systematic errors in calculated temperature distributions that may arise with time-averaged measurements. The experimental behaviour was compared with predictions from a time-varying one-dimensional hydrodynamic model using the experimental parameters as input to the code. In both cases, damping of longitudinal sound waves was linked to significant volume heating effects, which contrasts with the usual heat transport mechanism (i.e. diffusion from the boundaries) currently assumed in most steady-state models. This leads to a new explanation for the counterintuitive upturn in granular temperature in vibrofluidized granular beds, based on amplification and damping of sound waves in the high-altitude region.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391737},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2007.1885},
	doi = {10.1098/rspa.2007.1885},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:06},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2007.1885},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
	},

}

ref_id = 3788
@article{antony0000role_2,

	author = {Antony, S. J. and Sultan, M. A.},
	title = {Role of interparticle forces and interparticle friction on the bulk friction in charged granular media subjected to shearing},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391736},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e031307},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, contact, electrostatics, friction, granular, jin, material, mechanics, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:06},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e031307},
	volume = {75},
	pages = {APS---5},

	keywords = {
		contact,
		electrostatics,
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		mechanics,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3789
@article{antony0000evolution,

	author = {Antony, S. Joseph},
	title = {Evolution of force distribution in three-dimensional granular media},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391735},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v63/e011302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {011302+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:06},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v63/e011302},
	volume = {63},
	pages = {011302+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3790
@article{antony0000influence_2,

	author = {Antony, S. J. and Moreno-Atanasio, R. and Hassanpour, A.},
	title = {Influence of contact stiffnesses on the micromechanical characteristics of dense particulate systems subjected to shearing},
	journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391734},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/89/214103/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, elasticity, granular, jin, material, micromechanics, shear, suns},
	number = {21},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:06},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/89/214103/1},
	volume = {89},
	pages = {AIP---3},

	keywords = {
		elasticity,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		micromechanics,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3791
@article{edwards2007hydrogen,

	author = {Edwards, P. P. and Kuznetsov, V. L. and David, W. I. F.},
	title = {Hydrogen energy},
	journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences},
	year = {2007},

	abstract = {The problem of anthropogenically driven climate change and its inextricable link to our global society's present and future energy needs are arguably the greatest challenge facing our planet. Hydrogen is now widely regarded as one key element of a potential energy solution for the twenty-first century, capable of assisting in issues of environmental emissions, sustainability and energy security. Hydrogen has the potential to provide for energy in transportation, distributed heat and power generation and energy storage systems with little or no impact on the environment, both locally and globally. However, any transition from a carbon-based (fossil fuel) energy system to a hydrogen-based economy involves significant scientific, technological and socio-economic barriers. This brief report aims to outline the basis of the growing worldwide interest in hydrogen energy and examines some of the important issues relating to the future development of hydrogen as an energy vector.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391733},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2006.1965},
	doi = {10.1098/rsta.2006.1965},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1853},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:06},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2006.1965},
	volume = {365},
	pages = {-1056},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3792
@article{sigfusson2007pathways,

	author = {Sigfusson, Thorsteinn I.},
	title = {Pathways to hydrogen as an energy carrier},
	journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences},
	year = {2007},

	abstract = {When hydrogen is used as an alternative energy carrier, it is very important to understand the pathway from the primary energy source to the final use of the carrier. This involves, for example, the understanding of greenhouse gas emissions associated with the production of hydrogen and throughout the lifecycle of a given utilization pathway as well as various energy or exergy1 efficiencies and aspects involved. This paper which is based on a talk given at the Royal Society in London assesses and reviews the various production pathways for hydrogen with emphasis on emissions, energy use and energy efficiency. The paper also views some aspects of the breaking of the water molecule and examines some new emerging physical evidence which could pave the way to a new and more feasible pathway.A special attention will be given to the use of the renewable energy pathway. As an example of a hydrogen society that could be based on renewable primary energy, the paper describes the hydrogen society experiments in Iceland as well as unconventional hydrogen obtained from geothermal gases. In the light of our experience, attempts will be made to shed light upon drivers as well as obstacles in the development of a hydrogen society.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391732},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2006.1960},
	doi = {10.1098/rsta.2006.1960},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1853},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:06},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2006.1960},
	volume = {365},
	pages = {-1042},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3793
@article{gratzel2007photovoltaic,

	author = {Gratzel, Michael},
	title = {Photovoltaic and photoelectrochemical conversion of solar energy},
	journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences},
	year = {2007},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391731},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2006.1963},
	doi = {10.1098/rsta.2006.1963},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1853},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:06},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2006.1963},
	volume = {365},
	pages = {-1005},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3794
@article{barber2007biological,

	author = {Barber, James},
	title = {Biological solar energy},
	journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences},
	year = {2007},

	abstract = {Through the process of photosynthesis, the energy of sunlight has been harnessed, not only to create the biomass on our planet today, but also the fossil fuels. The overall efficiency of biomass formation, however, is low and despite being a valuable source of energy, it cannot replace fossil fuels on a global scale and provide the huge amount of power needed to sustain the technological aspirations of the world population now and in the future. However, at the heart of the photosynthetic process is the highly efficient chemical reaction of water splitting, leading to the production of hydrogen equivalents and molecular oxygen. This reaction takes place in an enzyme known as photosystem II, and the recent determination of its structure has given strong hints of how nature uses solar energy to generate hydrogen and oxygen from water. This new information provides a blue print for scientists to seriously consider constructing catalysts that mimic the natural system and thus stimulate new technologies to address the energy/CO2 problem that humankind must solve. After all, there is no shortage of water for this non-polluting reaction and the energy content of sunlight falling on our planet well exceeds our needs.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391730},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2006.1962},
	doi = {10.1098/rsta.2006.1962},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1853},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:06},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2006.1962},
	volume = {365},
	pages = {-1023},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3795
@article{smith2007path,

	author = {Smith, Llewellyn C. and Ward, David},
	title = {The path to fusion power},
	journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences},
	year = {2007},

	abstract = {Fusion is potentially an environmentally responsible and intrinsically safe source of essentially limitless power. It should be possible to build viable fusion power stations, and it looks as if the cost of fusion power will be reasonable. But time is needed to further develop the technology and to test in power station conditions the materials that would be used in their construction. Assuming no major adverse surprises, an orderly fusion development programme could lead to a prototype fusion power station putting electricity into the grid within 30 years, with commercial fusion power following some 10 or more years later. In the second half of the century, fusion could therefore be an important part of the portfolio of measures that are needed to cope with rising demand for energy in an environmentally responsible manner. In this paper, we describe the basics of fusion, its potential attractions, the status of fusion R\&D, the remaining challenges and how they will be tackled at the International Tokamak Experimental Reactor and the proposed International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility, and the timetable for the subsequent commercialization of fusion power.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391729},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2006.1956},
	doi = {10.1098/rsta.2006.1956},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1853},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:06},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2006.1956},
	volume = {365},
	pages = {-956},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3796
@article{ion2007nuclear,

	author = {Ion, Sue},
	title = {Nuclear energy: current situation and prospects to 2020},
	journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences},
	year = {2007},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391728},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2006.1958},
	doi = {10.1098/rsta.2006.1958},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1853},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:06},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2006.1958},
	volume = {365},
	pages = {-944},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3797
@article{king2007introduction,

	author = {King, David A.},
	title = {Introduction: energy for a sustainable future},
	journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences},
	year = {2007},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391727},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2006.1954},
	doi = {10.1098/rsta.2006.1954},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1853},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:06},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2006.1954},
	volume = {365},
	pages = {-895},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3798
@article{thornton1998quasistatic_1,

	author = {Thornton, C. and Antony, S. J.},
	title = {Quasi-static deformation of particulate media},
	journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences},
	year = {1998},

	abstract = {Quasi-static shear deformation of granular media is examined by performing numerical simulations on polydisperse systems of elastic spheres in a periodic cell. Results of axisymmetric compression test simulations are reported for both a dense and a loose system of spheres sheared under constant mean stress conditions. At the macroscopic scale, the simulated stress\#150;strain-dilation responses are in excellent qualitative agreement with the mechanical behaviour of sand observed in real experiments. Numerical simulation permits a detailed examination of the evolution of internal variables associated with the micromechanical processes occurring at the particle scale. In this context, we present and discuss the evolution of the induced structural anisotropy, the percentage of sliding contacts, the average coordination number and the normal and tangential contact-force contributions to the stress tensor. Encouraged by recent research published by physicists working on granular media, we show how the distribution of normal contact forces evolves during shear, and how it is affected by changing the particle modulus and stress level. This work has led us to consider two types of interparticle contacts: (1) the contacts carrying below-average normal contact forces; and (2) the contacts carrying above-average normal contact forces. We examine how these two different categories contribute to the stress tensor and the structural anisotropy tensor. As a consequence, we present information that provides new insights into the physics of granular media and clarifies some previous findings.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391726},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1998.0296},
	doi = {10.1098/rsta.1998.0296},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1747},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:06},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1998.0296},
	volume = {356},
	pages = {-2782},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3799
@article{peukert0000general,

	author = {Peukert, Wolfgang},
	title = {General concepts in nanoparticle technology and their possible implication on cultural science and philosophy},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This paper consists of two parts. The first part describes generally applicable concepts in nanoparticle technology. A key objective in nanotechnology is to build functional structures from small building blocks, i.e. nanoparticles. Starting from the concept of product engineering we investigate the basic preconditions for tailoring functional structures and their properties. Formation of macroscopic structures is only possible through microscopic control of particulate interfaces, i.e. of particle interactions. Particle interactions result mainly from the molecular properties of the respective surfaces which are governed by quantum mechanics. However, in many cases particle interactions can be sufficiently described by classical force laws. The sum of all these forces plus external forces leads to the desired structure. The second part of this paper draws conclusions from these physical principles and dares to apply these to philosophy and cultural sciences. It seems that encounters between entities, in this case individuals, small groups, countries, for instance, leads to the development of social structures and in most general sense to culture. Changing the interactions between the entities will lead to different structures. The conclusion is straightforward but extremely complex in general: We as individuals are tailoring life and culture by our way of interacting.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391725},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4GBD6TK-1/2/f1df76653c570939d851f470b6ea76b2},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, formation, jin, nanoparticle, philosophy, structure, suns},
	number = {1-3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:06},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4GBD6TK-1/2/f1df76653c570939d851f470b6ea76b2},
	volume = {158},
	pages = {-140},

	keywords = {
		formation,
		jin,
		nanoparticle,
		philosophy,
		structure,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3800
@article{ostendorf0000application,

	author = {Ostendorf, Michael and Schwedes, Jorg},
	title = {Application of Particle Image Velocimetry for velocity measurements during silo discharge},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The objective of this paper is the measurement of dynamic effects and bulk solid flow profiles in silos using the optical method Particle Image Velocimetry. A sequence of digital images of the moving bulk solid next to the wall in a model silo is analysed. The frame rate between consecutive images and the calculated displacements of particles lead to velocity profiles. The fluctuation of local velocities with time is determined with this method providing insight into the dynamic behavior of the flowing bulk solid. The fluctuations of bulk solids motion lead to changes of the wall stresses measured in a model silo with special load cells. The velocity measurements are combined with stress measurements at the silo walls. The experimental results are compared with results from numerical simulations.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391724},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4GR8N5R-1/2/10de0c47cbdf99f260726faf8ff9f126},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, aarons, dem, discharge, jin, jps, oois, particle, piv, powder, silo, suns, velocimetry, velocity},
	number = {1-3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:06},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4GR8N5R-1/2/10de0c47cbdf99f260726faf8ff9f126},
	volume = {158},
	pages = {-75},

	keywords = {
		aarons,
		dem,
		discharge,
		jin,
		jps,
		oois,
		particle,
		piv,
		powder,
		silo,
		suns,
		velocimetry,
		velocity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3801
@article{morenoatanasio0000analysis,

	author = {Moreno-Atanasio, R. and Antony, S. J. and Ghadiri, M.},
	title = {Analysis of flowability of cohesive powders using Distinct Element Method},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Computer simulations using Distinct Element Method (DEM) have been carried out to investigate the effect of cohesion on the flowability of polydisperse particulate systems. For this purpose, two assemblies with different values of surface energy and made of 3000 spheres with the mechanical properties of glass beads were considered. The analysis of the flowability of the powders is presented in terms of the unconfined yield stress as a function of strain rate for different pre-consolidation loads. For values of the surface energy of 1.0 J/m2 and strain rates lower than 6 s- 1, the unconfined yield stress does not change significantly indicating a quasi-static behaviour of the particulate assemblies during the compression process. For larger strain rates, the unconfined yield stress varies with the power index of 1.2 of the strain rate. The influence of the pre-consolidating stress on the powder behaviour has also been investigated and a flow factor was obtained from the linear relationship between the unconfined yield stress and pre-consolidation stress. The computer simulations show qualitatively a good agreement with the experimental trends on highly cohesive powder flow behaviour.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391721},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4GH49X1-2/2/20536b71a235cae74f23617103b5afe5},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bead, cohesion, flow, glass, jin, polydispersity, powder, stress, suns, unconfined, yield},
	number = {1-3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:06},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4GH49X1-2/2/20536b71a235cae74f23617103b5afe5},
	volume = {158},
	pages = {-57},

	keywords = {
		bead,
		cohesion,
		flow,
		glass,
		jin,
		polydispersity,
		powder,
		stress,
		suns,
		unconfined,
		yield,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3802
@article{antony0000integrated,

	author = {Antony, S. J. and Zhou, C. H. and Wang, X.},
	title = {An integrated mechanistic-neural network modelling for granular systems},
	journal = {Applied Mathematical Modelling},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A hybrid neural network model is designed to predict the micro-macroscopic characteristics of particulate systems subjected to shearing. The network is initially trained to understand the micro-mechanical characteristics of particulate assemblies, by feeding the results based on three-dimensional discrete element simulations. Given the physical properties of the individual particles and the packing condition of the particulate assemblies under specified loading conditions, the network thus understands the way contact forces are distributed, the orientation of contact (fabric) networks and the evolution of stress tensor during the mechanical loading. These relationships are regarded as soft sensors. Using the signals received from soft sensors, a mechanistic neural network model is constructed to establish the relationship between the micro-macroscopic characteristics of granular assemblies subjected to shearing. The macroscopic results obtained form this hybrid mechanistic neural network modelling for data that were not part of the training signals, is compared with simulations based on discrete element modelling alone and in general, the agreement is good. The hybrid network responds to their inputs at a high speed and can be regarded as a real-time system for understanding the complex behaviour of particulate systems under mechanical process conditions.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391720},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TYC-4G3CX37-2/2/8b0c6421b24d54bf64675978bb188263},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, jin, material, model, network, neural, particle, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:06},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TYC-4G3CX37-2/2/8b0c6421b24d54bf64675978bb188263},
	volume = {30},
	pages = {-128},

	keywords = {
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		model,
		network,
		neural,
		particle,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3803
@article{lewis0000powering,

	author = {Lewis, Nathan S. and Nocera, Daniel G.},
	title = {Powering the planet: Chemical challenges in solar energy utilization},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Global energy consumption is projected to increase, even in the face of substantial declines in energy intensity, at least 2-fold by midcentury relative to the present because of population and economic growth. This demand could be met, in principle, from fossil energy resources, particularly coal. However, the cumulative nature of CO2 emissions in the atmosphere demands that holding atmospheric CO2 levels to even twice their preanthropogenic values by midcentury will require invention, development, and deployment of schemes for carbon-neutral energy production on a scale commensurate with, or larger than, the entire present-day energy supply from all sources combined. Among renewable energy resources, solar energy is by far the largest exploitable resource, providing more energy in 1 hour to the earth than all of the energy consumed by humans in an entire year. In view of the intermittency of insolation, if solar energy is to be a major primary energy source, it must be stored and dispatched on demand to the end user. An especially attractive approach is to store solar-converted energy in the form of chemical bonds, i.e., in a photosynthetic process at a year-round average efficiency significantly higher than current plants or algae, to reduce land-area requirements. Scientific challenges involved with this process include schemes to capture and convert solar energy and then store the energy in the form of chemical bonds, producing oxygen from water and a reduced fuel such as hydrogen, methane, methanol, or other hydrocarbon species.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391718},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/103/43/15729},
	comment = {10.1073/pnas.0603395103},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {43},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:06},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/103/43/15729},
	volume = {103},
	pages = {-15735},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3804
@article{drexler0000toward,

	author = {Drexler, K. Eric},
	title = {Toward Integrated Nanosystems: Fundamental Issues in Design and Modeling},
	journal = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391717},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:06},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3805
@article{evans0000rheological,

	author = {Evans, Denis J.},
	title = {Rheological properties of simple fluids by computer simulation},
	journal = {Physical Review A},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391716},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRA/v23/p1988},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	old_pages = {1988+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:05},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRA/v23/p1988},
	volume = {23},
	pages = {1988+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3806
@article{evans0000equilibrium,

	author = {Evans, Denis J.},
	title = {Equilibrium fluctuation expressions for the wave-vector- and frequency-dependent shear viscosity},
	journal = {Physical Review A},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391714},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRA/v23/p2622},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	old_pages = {2622+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:05},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRA/v23/p2622},
	volume = {23},
	pages = {2622+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3807
@book{boon0000molecular,

	author = {Boon, Jean P. and Yip, Sidney},
	title = {Molecular Hydrodynamics},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391713},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:05},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {McGraw-Hill Inc.+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3808
@article{muller0000oscillations,

	author = {Muller, C. R. and Davidson, J. F. and Dennis, J. S. and Fennell, P. S. and Gladden, L. F. and Hayhurst, A. N. and Mantle, M. D. and Rees, A. C. and Sederman, A. J.},
	title = {Oscillations in gas-fluidized beds: Ultra-fast magnetic resonance imaging and pressure sensor measurements},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Ultra-fast Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and pressure sensor measurements have been applied to study: (i) pressure fluctuations, (ii) the eruption of bubbles at the top of a bed and (iii) the formation of bubbles in a gas-fluidized bed. Ultra-fast MRI has been applied for the first time to study the formation and eruption of bubbles; the technique is non-intrusive and provides measurements with good temporal and spatial resolutions. The MRI measurements revealed that bubbles are formed periodically, rather than randomly at a distributor, which in this case was a perforated plate. The frequency at which bubbles erupted from the top of the bed matched the frequency of the pressure fluctuations measured just above the distributor, where the measured pressure is predicted very well for the case of slug flow by Kehoe and Davidson's \\$[\\$P.W.K. Kehoe, J.F. Davidson, Pressure fluctuations in slugging fluidized beds, AIChE Symp. Ser. 128 (69) (1973) 34-40\\$]\\$ correlation, originally developed for locations high up a bed. Both findings lead to the conclusion that the passage and eruption of bubbles at the top of a bed are the dominant cause of the pressure fluctuations, which are subsequently propagated downwards through the bed. Two new correlations are proposed for predicting the frequency of pressure fluctuations in a bubbling bed; both correlations agree well with experimental measurements. A modification of Baeyens and Geldart's \\$[\\$J. Baeyens, D. Geldart, An investigation into slugging fluidized beds, Chem. Eng. Sci. 29 (1974) 255-265\\$]\\$ correlation predicts the frequency of pressure fluctuations when slugs are formed, but are not fully developed. The frequency of bubble formation, as measured by MRI, is equal to or higher than both the frequency of bubble eruption at the top of the bed and the frequency of pressure fluctuations, depending on the depth of the bed. The frequency of bubble formation is significantly lower than predicted by Davidson and Schuler's \\$[\\$J.F. Davidson, B.O.G. Schuler, Bubble formation at an orifice in an inviscid liquid, Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng. 38 (1960) 335-342\\$]\\$ equation, originally developed for gas-liquid systems.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391712},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4N4YMMJ-3/2/71784f1da744e350e193138662e1d6eb},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, bubble, eruption, fluctuation, formation, gasfluidization, jin, magnetic, pressure, resonance, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:05},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4N4YMMJ-3/2/71784f1da744e350e193138662e1d6eb},
	volume = {177},
	pages = {-98},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		bubble,
		eruption,
		fluctuation,
		formation,
		gasfluidization,
		jin,
		magnetic,
		pressure,
		resonance,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3809
@article{kawasaki0000nonlocal,

	author = {Kawasaki, Kyozi and Lo, Shih-Min},
	title = {Nonlocal Shear Viscosity and Order-Parameter Dynamics near the Critical Point of Fluids},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391711},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v29/p48},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {48+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:05},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v29/p48},
	volume = {29},
	pages = {48+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3810
@article{martin0000rules,

	author = {Martin, Paul C.},
	title = {Sum Rules, Kramers-Kronig Relations, and Transport Coefficients in Charged Systems},
	journal = {Physical Review},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391710},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PR/v161/p143},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {143+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:05},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PR/v161/p143},
	volume = {161},
	pages = {143+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3811
@article{kadanoff0000hydrodynamic,

	author = {Kadanoff, Leo P. and Martin, Paul C.},
	title = {Hydrodynamic Equations and Correlation Functions},
	journal = {Annals of Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The response of a system to an external disturbance can always be expressed in terms of time dependent correlation functions of the undisturbed system. More particularly the linear response of a system disturbed slightly from equilibrium is characterized by the expectation value in the equilibrium ensemble, of a product of two space- and time-dependent operators. When a disturbance leads to a very slow variation in space and time of all physical quantities, the response may alternatively be described by the linearized hydrodynamic equations. The purpose of this paper is to exhibit the complicated structure the correlation functions must have in order that these descriptions coincide. From the hydrodynamic equations the slowly varying part of the expectation values of correlations of densities of conserved quantities is inferred. Two illustrative examples are considered: spin diffusion and transport is an ordinary one-component fluid. Since the descriptions are equivalent, all transport processes which occur in the nonequilibrium system must be exhibited in the equilibrium correlation functions. Thus, when the hydrodynamic equations predict the existence of a diffusion process, the correlation functions will include a part which satisfies a diffusion equation. Similarly when sound waves occur in the nonequilibrium system, they will also be contained in the correlation functions. The description in terms of correlation functions leads naturally to expressions for the transport coefficients like those discussed by Kubo. The analysis also leads to a number of sum rules relating the dissipative linear coefficients to thermodynamic derivatives. It elucidates the peculiarly singular limiting behavior these correlations must have.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391709},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WB1-45FK73Y-39/2/7226de2aa0fa4a4a48fa2519be27a21e},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1-2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:05},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WB1-45FK73Y-39/2/7226de2aa0fa4a4a48fa2519be27a21e},
	volume = {281},
	pages = {-852},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3812
@article{forster0000moment,

	author = {Forster, Dieter and Martin, Paul C. and Yip, Sidney},
	title = {Moment Method Approximation for the Viscosity of Simple Liquids: Application to Argon},
	journal = {Physical Review},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391708},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PR/v170/p160},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {160+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:05},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PR/v170/p160},
	volume = {170},
	pages = {160+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3813
@article{forster0000moments,

	author = {Forster, Dieter and Martin, Paul C. and Yip, Sidney},
	title = {Moments of the Momentum Density Correlation Functions in Simple Liquids},
	journal = {Physical Review},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391707},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PR/v170/p155},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {155+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:05},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PR/v170/p155},
	volume = {170},
	pages = {155+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3814
@article{kadanoff0000theory,

	author = {Kadanoff, Leo P. and Martin, Paul C.},
	title = {Theory of Many-Particle Systems. II. Superconductivity},
	journal = {Physical Review},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391706},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PR/v124/p670},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	old_pages = {670+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:05},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PR/v124/p670},
	volume = {124},
	pages = {670+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3815
@article{martin0000theory,

	author = {Martin, Paul C. and Schwinger, Julian},
	title = {Theory of Many-Particle Systems. I},
	journal = {Physical Review},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391705},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PR/v115/p1342},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	old_pages = {1342+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:05},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PR/v115/p1342},
	volume = {115},
	pages = {1342+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3816
@article{verberg0000theory,

	author = {Verberg, R. and Schepper, I. M. De and Cohen, E. G. D.},
	title = {Theory of long-time wave number dependent diffusion coefficients in concentrated neutral colloidal suspensions},
	journal = {Europhysics Letters (EPL)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We present for the first time a theory for the long-time wave number (k-) dependent collective and self-diffusion coefficients DL(k,ph) and DSL(k,ph), respectively, of neutral colloidal suspensions at high volume fractions ph. This theory is based on the Smoluchowski equation with mean-field-like hydrodynamic interactions, cage-diffusion and is free of adjustable parameters. The results provide a molecular interpretation of the experiments by Segr\&\#232; et al. (Segr\&\#232; P. N. and Pusey P. N., Phys. Rev. Lett., 77 (1996) 771), who recently measured DL(k,ph) of a concentrated neutral colloidal suspension.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391704},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:05},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {48},
	pages = {-402},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3817
@article{perl0000critical,

	author = {Perl, Robert and Ferrell, Richard A.},
	title = {Critical Viscosity and Diffusion in the Binary-Liquid Phase Transition},
	journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391703},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:05},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {29},
	pages = {American Physical Society---54},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3818
@techreport{sundaresan0000coarsegrid,

	author = {Sundaresan, Sankaran},
	title = {Coarse-grid simulation of reacting and non-reacting gas-particle flows},
	institution = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391702},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:05},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 3819
@article{oger0000improved,

	author = {Oger, G. and Doring, M. and Alessandrini, B. and Ferrant, P.},
	title = {An improved SPH method: Towards higher order convergence},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This paper evaluates various formulations of the SPH method for solving the Euler equations. Convergence and stability aspects are discussed and tested, taking into account subtleties induced by the presence of a free surface. The coherence between continuity and momentum equations is considered using a variational study. The use of renormalization to improve the accuracy of the simulations is investigated and discussed. A new renormalization-based formulation involving wide accuracy improvements of the scheme is introduced. The classical SPH and renormalized approaches are compared to the new method using simple test cases, thus outlining the efficiency of this new improved SPH method. Finally, the so-called \\tt"tensile instability\\tt" is shown to be prevented by this enhanced SPH method, through accuracy increases in the gradient approximations.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391701},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4N9889C-1/2/f44ff99773571e21f880e0fbe948145a},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, sph, suns, surface},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:05},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4N9889C-1/2/f44ff99773571e21f880e0fbe948145a},
	volume = {225},
	pages = {-1492},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		sph,
		suns,
		surface,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3820
@article{pouliquen0000friction,

	author = {Pouliquen, Olivier and Forterre, Yoel},
	title = {Friction law for dense granular flows: application to the motion of a mass down a rough inclined plane},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391700},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {453},
	pages = {-151},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3821
@article{da0000rheophysics,

	author = {da Cruz, Frederic and Emam, Sacha and Prochnow, Michael and Roux, Jean-Noel and Chevoir, Francois},
	title = {Rheophysics of dense granular materials: Discrete simulation of plane shear flows},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391699},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e021309},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, granular, jin, material, rheology, shear, suns, viscosity},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e021309},
	volume = {72},
	pages = {APS---17},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		rheology,
		shear,
		suns,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3822
@article{jop2006constitutive,

	author = {Jop, Pierre and Forterre, Yoel and Pouliquen, Olivier},
	title = {A constitutive law for dense granular flows},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {2006},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391698},
	comment = {10.1038/nature04801},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {7094},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {441},
	pages = {-730},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3823
@article{lhuillier0000constitutive,

	author = {Lhuillier, Daniel},
	title = {Constitutive relations for steady flows of dense granular liquids},
	journal = {Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The micropolar model is a continuum-mechanical model suited to describe a collection of particles interacting via forces and couples. When applied to dense granular liquids that model must display some specific features because of the peculiarities of the frictional forces. We want here to stress on some of those specific features including the existence of two kinds of fluctuating kinetic energies (for translation and rotation), their evolution equations in which enters the mean dissipation rate, and how an estimation (or numerical calculation) of the dissipation rate can lead to the constitutive laws of dense granular liquids in steady flows.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391697},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-4NMC88Y-3/2/059a32737575ae3696587aad0015a1a7},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dense, dissipation, granular, jin, liquid, momentum, rate, suns, temperature},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-4NMC88Y-3/2/059a32737575ae3696587aad0015a1a7},
	volume = {383},
	pages = {-275},

	keywords = {
		dense,
		dissipation,
		granular,
		jin,
		liquid,
		momentum,
		rate,
		suns,
		temperature,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3824
@article{rudiger0000theory,

	author = {Rudiger, Sten and Nicola, Ernesto M. and Casademunt, Jaume and Kramer, Lorenz},
	title = {Theory of pattern forming systems under traveling-wave forcing},
	journal = {Physics Reports},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The response of pattern forming systems to external forcing either spatial or temporal has received much attention for several decades. Combined spatio-temporal forcing has only been introduced recently, in particular in the form of a spatially resonant traveling-wave forcing \\$[\\$S. Rudiger, D.G. Miguez, A.P. Munuzuri, F. Sagues, J. Casademunt, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 (2003) 128301\\$]\\$. Since then, both a series of experiments, in the context of Turing patterns in reaction-diffusion systems, and the development of the corresponding generic theory, have unveiled a wealth of new and unexpected phenomena. In this article we review these phenomena, we provide a unified and comprehensive description of them, and extend the theoretical analysis to new situations. We formulate the generic amplitude equations for different orders of spatial resonance for 1d and 2d patterns (stripes and hexagons). We identify and describe in detail the autonomous dynamical system which underlies the phenomenon of traveling-stripe resonance. For 1d we focus on localized solutions (kinks and pulses), their dynamics and their interaction for both 1:1 and 2:1 resonance. Specifically, we discuss the effect of wave-number mismatch (inexact resonance) combined with the non-gradient dynamics induced by the motion of the forcing, resulting in non-trivial interactions and complex spatio-temporal dynamics. Analytical results in the phase approximation are obtained, while numerical techniques are used to study the complete problem. We show that defect interaction is oscillatory with distance, allowing for the existence of locked chaotic wave trains. In 2d we discuss the modulational instabilities of striped patterns and focus mostly on the emergence of hexagons induced by traveling stripe forcing, for exact 1:1 resonance. In this case, we examine in detail the complex bifurcation scenario beyond primary instabilities. We finally discuss the problem of traveling-wave forcing in the context of a specific system, the photosensitive CDIMA reaction, where most experiments have been carried out. We compare experiments and theoretical predictions and propose other experimental systems where the study could be extended. Finally, we review related work by other authors and discuss possible further developments and open questions which hold the promise of new interesting findings.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391696},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVP-4NC4M7M-7/2/57c9216e3fd0f0c6d159e51834a80109},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, diffusion, forcing, formation, hexagon, instability, jin, kink, pattern, phase, pulse, resonance, spatiotemporal, suns, wave},
	number = {3-6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVP-4NC4M7M-7/2/57c9216e3fd0f0c6d159e51834a80109},
	volume = {447},
	pages = {-111},

	keywords = {
		diffusion,
		forcing,
		formation,
		hexagon,
		instability,
		jin,
		kink,
		pattern,
		phase,
		pulse,
		resonance,
		spatiotemporal,
		suns,
		wave,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3825
@article{morozov0000introductory,

	author = {Morozov, Alexander N. and van Saarloos, Wim},
	title = {An introductory essay on subcritical instabilities and the transition to turbulence in visco-elastic parallel shear flows},
	journal = {Physics Reports},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This paper is an pedagogical essay on the scenario of the instabilities and the transition to turbulence in visco-elastic polymer flows. When polymers are long, they get easily stretched by the shear present in flows, and the viscosity of the solution or melt is large. As a result, inertial effects are usually negligible as the Reynolds numbers are small but the fluid is strongly nonNewtonian due to the shear-induced elasticity and anistropy, and the slow relaxation effects. The dimensionless number governing these nonNewtonian effects is the Weissenberg number . From a number of precise experiments and theoretical investigations in the last fifteen years, it has become clear that as the Weissenberg number increases, visco-elastic fluids exhibit flow instabilities driven by the anisotropy of the normal stress components and the curvature of the streamlines. The combination of these normal stress effects that drive laminar curved flow unstable and the possibilty of the elastic effects to store energy in high shear regions and to dump it elsewhere in less sheared regions, appears to be strongly self-enhancing: Instabilities and the transition to a turbulent regime driven by these elastic forces, are often found to be hysteretic and strongly subcritical (nonlinear). There are two main underlying themes of this introductory essay. First of all, that it is profitable to let one be motivated by transition scenarios in Newtonian fluids as a function of Reynolds number, when investigating possible transition scenarios in visco-elastic fluids as a function of Weissenberg number. Secondly, that the self-enhancing effects of polymer stretching will also cause subcritical instabilities in visco-elastic parallel shear flows. The aim of this paper is to introduce and discuss these issues at a pictorial level which is accessible for a nonexpert. After introducing some of the basic ingredients of polymer rheology we follow a number of the important theoretical and experimental developments of the last fifteen years and discuss the picture that emerges from it. We then turn to a discussion of recent theoretical and numerical approaches aimed at establishing whether visco-elastic parallel shear flows indeed also exhibit a subcritical transition to elastic turbulence. We show how a simple extension of the well-known condition of Pakdel and McKinley for the instability threshold of curved flows, can be extended to the nonlinear (subcritical) instability scenario of parallel visco-elastic shear flows. This extension predicts the critical amplitude for the nonlinear instability to decrease as and to be independent of the wavenumber k of the perturbations. The fact that the threshold is k-independent over a large range of k's suggest that many modes will be excited at the same time, and hence that the instability will generally drive the flow turbulent. Implications of these results and an outlook for the future are discussed as well.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391695},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVP-4NHM53F-3/2/80744ee7781a7083eb9fc575a8069658},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3-6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVP-4NHM53F-3/2/80744ee7781a7083eb9fc575a8069658},
	volume = {447},
	pages = {-143},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3826
@article{casademunt0000nonequilibrium,

	author = {Casademunt, Jaume},
	title = {Nonequilibrium physics: From complex fluids to biological systems I. Instabilities and pattern formation},
	journal = {Physics Reports},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391694},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVP-4NTB943-1/2/09aaad1c2e0c5bc5ebf56411bf1c8983},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3-6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVP-4NTB943-1/2/09aaad1c2e0c5bc5ebf56411bf1c8983},
	volume = {447},
	pages = {-68},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3827
@article{kharaz0000accurate_1,

	author = {Kharaz, A. H. and Gorham, D. A. and Salman, A. D.},
	title = {Accurate measurement of particle impact parameters},
	journal = {Measurement Science and Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The aim of this paper is to describe an experimental facility to measure the low velocity impact behaviour of spherical particles with high accuracy. Measurements have been made of particle rotation, normal restitution coefficient to within <IMG SRC="img2.gif" ALIGN="TOP"/> of glancing incidence, and tangential restitution coefficient to within <IMG SRC="img2.gif" ALIGN="TOP"/> of normal impact, with very low scatter. The results are accurate enough to be used for quantitative comparison to theoretical studies. Achievement of a high level of precision and reproducibility has involved detailed attention to all aspects of the experiment design, construction, control and computer-based image measurement.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391693},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {10},
	pages = {-35},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3828
@article{evans0000nonnetwonian,

	author = {Evans, Denis J. and Morriss, Gray P.},
	title = {Non-Netwonian molecular dynamics},
	journal = {Computer Physics Reports},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391692},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	old_pages = {343},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {1},
	pages = {343},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3829
@article{de0000multiscale_2,

	author = {De Fabritiis, G. and Delgado-Buscalioni, R. and Coveney, P. V.},
	title = {Multiscale Modeling of Liquids with Molecular Specificity},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391691},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v97/e134501},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {13},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v97/e134501},
	volume = {97},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3830
@article{brunk0000turbulent,

	author = {Brunk, Brett K. and Koch, Donald L. and Lion, Leonard W.},
	title = {Turbulent coagulation of colloidal particles},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391690},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {364},
	pages = {-113},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3831
@article{schenkel0000test,

	author = {Schenkel, J. H. and Kitchener, J. A.},
	title = {A test of the Derjaguin-Verwey-Overbeek theory with a colloidal suspension},
	journal = {Transactions of the Faraday Society},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391689},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {161 -- 173},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 3832
@article{vijayakumar0000velocity,

	author = {Vijayakumar, K. C. and Alam, Meheboob},
	title = {Velocity distribution and the effect of wall roughness in granular Poiseuille flow},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391688},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e051306},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, channel, flow, granular, jin, knudsen, material, poiseuille, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e051306},
	volume = {75},
	pages = {APS---5},

	keywords = {
		channel,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		knudsen,
		material,
		poiseuille,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3833
@article{piasecki0000angular,

	author = {Piasecki, J. and Talbot, J. and Viot, P.},
	title = {Angular velocity distribution of a granular planar rotator in a thermalized bath},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391687},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e051307},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boltzmann, brownian, granular, jin, kinetics, material, mechanics, motion, statistics, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e051307},
	volume = {75},
	pages = {APS---10},

	keywords = {
		boltzmann,
		brownian,
		granular,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		material,
		mechanics,
		motion,
		statistics,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3834
@article{colangeli0000from,

	author = {Colangeli, Matteo and Karlin, Iliya V. and Kroger, Martin},
	title = {From hyperbolic regularization to exact hydrodynamics for linearized Grad's equations},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391686},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e051204},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, aerodynamics, flow, heat, jin, kinetics, knudsen, suns, transfer},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e051204},
	volume = {75},
	pages = {APS---10},

	keywords = {
		aerodynamics,
		flow,
		heat,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		knudsen,
		suns,
		transfer,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3835
@article{moon0000coarsegrained,

	author = {Moon, Sung J. and Sundaresan, S. and Kevrekidis, I. G.},
	title = {Coarse-grained computations of demixing in dense gas-fluidized beds},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391685},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e051309},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, dynamics, flow, fluid, fluidization, granular, jin, molecule, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e051309},
	volume = {75},
	pages = {APS---6},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		dynamics,
		flow,
		fluid,
		fluidization,
		granular,
		jin,
		molecule,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3836
@article{zoueshtiagh0000effect,

	author = {Zoueshtiagh, F. and Merlen, A.},
	title = {Effect of a vertically flowing water jet underneath a granular bed},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391684},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e056313},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, flow, fluidization, granular, jin, medium, multiphase, porosity, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e056313},
	volume = {75},
	pages = {APS---12},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		flow,
		fluidization,
		granular,
		jin,
		medium,
		multiphase,
		porosity,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3837
@article{kruyt0000force,

	author = {Kruyt, N. P. and Antony, S. J.},
	title = {Force, relative-displacement, and work networks in granular materials subjected to quasistatic deformation},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391683},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e051308},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, deformation, granular, jin, material, shear, stress, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e051308},
	volume = {75},
	pages = {051308},

	keywords = {
		deformation,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		shear,
		stress,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3838
@book{kunii0000fluidization,

	author = {Kunii, Daizo and Levenspiel, Octave},
	title = {Fluidization engineering},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391682},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Butterworth-Heinemann+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3839
@article{lui0000intruder,

	author = {Lui, L. T. and Swift, Michael R. and Bowley, R. M. and King, P. J.},
	title = {Intruder clustering in three-dimensional granular beds},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391681},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e051303},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, jin, material, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e051303},
	volume = {75},
	pages = {APS---7},

	keywords = {
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3840
@article{zangi0000frequencydependent,

	author = {Zangi, Ronen and Kaufman, Laura J.},
	title = {Frequency-dependent Stokes-Einstein relation in supercooled liquids},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391680},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e051501},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, diffusion, dynamics, jin, liquid, molecule, structure, suns, supercooling},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e051501},
	volume = {75},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		diffusion,
		dynamics,
		jin,
		liquid,
		molecule,
		structure,
		suns,
		supercooling,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3841
@article{fried0000turbulent,

	author = {Fried, Eliot and Gurtin, Morton E.},
	title = {Turbulent kinetic energy and a possible hierarchy of length scales in a generalization of the Navier-Stokes alpha theory},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391679},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e056306},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boundary, channel, flow, jin, layer, navierstokes, suns, turbulence, vortex},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e056306},
	volume = {75},
	pages = {APS---10},

	keywords = {
		boundary,
		channel,
		flow,
		jin,
		layer,
		navier, stokes,
		suns,
		turbulence,
		vortex,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3842
@article{schwager0000coefficient_2,

	author = {Schwager, Thomas},
	title = {Coefficient of restitution for viscoelastic disks},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391678},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e051305},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, damping, disc, impact, jin, mechanics, structure, suns, viscoelasticity},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e051305},
	volume = {75},
	pages = {APS---7},

	keywords = {
		damping,
		disc,
		impact,
		jin,
		mechanics,
		structure,
		suns,
		viscoelasticity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3843
@article{kamrin0000stochastic_1,

	author = {Kamrin, Ken and Bazant, Martin Z.},
	title = {Stochastic flow rule for granular materials},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391677},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e041301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, drag, flow, fluidization, fokkerplanck, granular, jin, material, plasticity, random, rheology, stochastic, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e041301},
	volume = {75},
	pages = {APS---28},

	keywords = {
		drag,
		flow,
		fluidization,
		fokker, planck,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		plasticity,
		random,
		rheology,
		stochastic,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3844
@article{leshansky0000dynamic,

	author = {Leshansky, Alexander M. and Brady, John F.},
	title = {Dynamic structure factor study of diffusion in strongly sheared suspensions},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391676},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {527},
	pages = {-169},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3845
@article{hu0000continuum,

	author = {Hu, Dan and Zhang, Pingwen and Weinan},
	title = {Continuum theory of a moving membrane},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391675},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e041605},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, biology, biomembrane, biophysics, cell, crystal, dynamics, fluid, jin, liquid, molecule, protein, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e041605},
	volume = {75},
	pages = {APS---11},

	keywords = {
		biology,
		biomembrane,
		biophysics,
		cell,
		crystal,
		dynamics,
		fluid,
		jin,
		liquid,
		molecule,
		protein,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3846
@article{luo0000pressurecorrelated,

	author = {Luo, Kun and Fan, Jianren and Cen, Kefa},
	title = {Pressure-correlated dispersion of inertial particles in free shear flows},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391674},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e046309},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dispersion, flow, jet, jin, mixing, multiphase, particle, shear, statistics, suns, turbulence},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e046309},
	volume = {75},
	pages = {APS---5},

	keywords = {
		dispersion,
		flow,
		jet,
		jin,
		mixing,
		multiphase,
		particle,
		shear,
		statistics,
		suns,
		turbulence,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3847
@article{crooks0000beyond,

	author = {Crooks, Gavin E.},
	title = {Beyond Boltzmann-Gibbs statistics: Maximum entropy hyperensembles out of equilibrium},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391673},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e041119},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boltzmann, energy, entropy, fluctuation, jin, mechanics, nonequilibrium, probability, statistics, suns, thermodynamics},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:04},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e041119},
	volume = {75},
	pages = {APS---5},

	keywords = {
		boltzmann,
		energy,
		entropy,
		fluctuation,
		jin,
		mechanics,
		nonequilibrium,
		probability,
		statistics,
		suns,
		thermodynamics,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3848
@article{ren0000heterogeneous,

	author = {Ren, Weiqing and Weinan},
	title = {Heterogeneous multiscale method for the modeling of complex fluids and micro-fluidics},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The framework of the heterogeneous multiscale method (HMM) is used to develop numerical methods for the study of macroscale dynamics of fluids in situations, where either the constitutive relation or the boundary conditions are not explicitly available and have to be inferred from microscopic models such as molecular dynamics. Continuum hydrodynamics is used as the macroscopic model, while molecular dynamics serves as the microscopic model and is used to supply the necessary data, e.g., the stress or the boundary condition, for the macroscopic model. Scale separation is exploited so that the macroscopic variables can be evolved in macroscopic spatial/temporal scales using data that are estimated from molecular dynamics simulation on microscale spatial/temporal domains. This naturally decouples the micro and macrospatial and temporal scales whenever possible. Applications are presented for models of complex fluids, contact line dynamics, and a simple model of non-trivial fluid-solid interactions.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391672},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4DPGX35-1/2/e4dd3ca3831e634959bc0d752e8ef1fe},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:03},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4DPGX35-1/2/e4dd3ca3831e634959bc0d752e8ef1fe},
	volume = {204},
	pages = {-26},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3849
@article{aarons0000shear_2,

	author = {Aarons, Lee and Sundaresan, Sankaran},
	title = {Shear flow of assemblies of cohesive and non-cohesive granular materials},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We have studied plane shear flow of nearly homogeneous assemblies of uniformly sized, spherical particles in periodic domains. Our focus has been on the effect of interparticle attractive forces on the flow behavior manifested by dense assemblies. As a model problem, the cohesion resulting from van der Waals force acting between particles is considered. Simulations were performed for different strengths of cohesion, shear rates, particle stiffnesses, particle volume fractions and coefficients of friction. From each simulation, the average normal and shear stresses and the average coordination number have been extracted. Not surprisingly, the regimes of flow reported by Campbell \\$[\\$C.S. Campbell, Granular Shear Flows at the Elastic Limit, J. Fluid Mech. 465 (2002) 261-291\\$]\\$ for the case of cohesionless particles - namely, inertial, elastic-inertial and elastic-quasistatic regimes - persist when cohesion is included. The elastic-quasistatic regime was found to correspond with the coordination number decreasing with increasing shear rate, while in the inertial regime the coordination number increased with shear rate. A striking result observed in the simulations is that the influence of cohesion on stress becomes more pronounced with decreasing particle volume fraction. Furthermore, the window in the shear rate-particle volume fraction space over which the elastic-quasistatic regime is obtained was found to expand as the strength of cohesion was increased. When the particle volume fraction is so high that even a cohesionless system would be in the elastic-quasistatic regime, the addition of cohesion had minimal effect on the stresses. At lower particle volume fractions where a cohesionless assembly would have been in the inertial regime, we present a new scaling which permits collapse of all the data at various strengths of cohesion and shear rates into a single master curve for each particle volume fraction and coefficient of friction. The regimes of flow in this master curve are discussed and the scaling for the normal stress in elastic-quasistatic flow is identified.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391671},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4KGWW5W-1/2/aa4f4c46aed88f39b082cfeaa5089c28},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, cohesion, discrete, flow, jin, powder, regime, shear, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:03},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4KGWW5W-1/2/aa4f4c46aed88f39b082cfeaa5089c28},
	volume = {169},
	pages = {-21},

	keywords = {
		cohesion,
		discrete,
		flow,
		jin,
		powder,
		regime,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3850
@article{daivis0000simple,

	author = {Daivis, Peter J. and Todd, B. D.},
	title = {A simple, direct derivation and proof of the validity of the SLLOD equations of motion for generalized homogeneous flows},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391670},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/124/194103/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, flow, fluid, jin, molecule, oscillation, shear, suns},
	number = {19},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:03},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/124/194103/1},
	volume = {124},
	pages = {AIP---9},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		flow,
		fluid,
		jin,
		molecule,
		oscillation,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3851
@article{evans0000nonlinearresponse,

	author = {Evans, Denis J. and Morriss, G. P.},
	title = {Nonlinear-response theory for steady planar Couette flow},
	journal = {Phys. Rev. A},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391669},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:03},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {30},
	pages = {American Physical Society---1530},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3852
@article{edwards0000examination,

	author = {Edwards, Brian J. and Baig, Chunggi and Keffer, David J.},
	title = {An examination of the validity of nonequilibrium molecular-dynamics simulation algorithms for arbitrary steady-state flows},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391668},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/123/114106/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, couette, dynamics, flow, jin, molecule, suns},
	number = {11},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:03},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/123/114106/1},
	volume = {123},
	pages = {AIP---6},

	keywords = {
		couette,
		dynamics,
		flow,
		jin,
		molecule,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3853
@misc{kamrin0000stochastic_2,


	author = {Kamrin, Ken and Rycroft, Chris H. and Bazant, Martin Z.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391666},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.citebase.org/abstract?id=oai:arXiv.org:cond-mat/0611391},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:03},
	priority = {2},
	title = {The stochastic flow rule: A multi-scale model for granular plasticity},
	url = {http://www.citebase.org/abstract?id=oai:arXiv.org:cond-mat/0611391},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
	},

}

ref_id = 3854
@article{dufty0000model,

	author = {Dufty, James W. and Santos, Andr\'{e}s and Brey, Javier J. and Rodr'{\i}guez, Rosal'{\i}o F.},
	title = {Model for nonequilibrium computer simulation methods},
	journal = {Phys. Rev. A},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391665},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:03},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {33},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_UNMATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3855
@article{rastogi0000parallel,

	author = {Rastogi, Sanjeev R. and Wagner, Norman J.},
	title = {A parallel algorithm for Lees-Edwards boundary conditions},
	journal = {Parallel Comput.},
	year = {EMPTY},

	address = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands, The Netherlands},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391664},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:03},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {22},
	pages = {Elsevier Science Publishers B. V.---901},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3856
@article{pai0000modeling,

	author = {Pai, M. G. and Subramaniam, S.},
	title = {MODELING INTERPHASE TURBULENT KINETIC ENERGY TRANSFER IN LAGRANGIAN-EULERIAN SPRAY COMPUTATIONS},
	journal = {Atomization and Sprays},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391663},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:03},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {16},
	pages = {-826},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3857
@article{fujita0000multiscale,

	author = {Fujita, M. and Yamaguchi, Y.},
	title = {Multiscale simulation method for self-organization of nanoparticles in dense suspension;},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This paper presents a multiscale simulation method for self-organization of nanoparticles in a dense suspension. The method consists of a solid-liquid two-phase model, in which the flow of solvent and the motion of nanoparticles are treated by an Euler-Lagrange hybrid scheme with a dual time stepping. The method also includes various multiscale forces whose characteristic length and time scales are much different with one another. Especially frictional force between nanoparticles is included to describe dynamics of aggregated nanoparticles more precisely. Two-dimensional simulation results indicate that the present multiscale method is effective for modeling of motion of nanoparticles in the dense suspension and provides more rational results for self-organization of nanoparticles than previous simulation methods.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391662},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4M4KR9C-4/2/3a4a446ef7700cb54aae0c35f80c549d},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, eulerlagrange, flow, force, friction, jin, multiscale, nanoparticle, selforganisation, solidliquid, suns, twophase},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:03},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4M4KR9C-4/2/3a4a446ef7700cb54aae0c35f80c549d},
	volume = {223},
	pages = {-120},

	keywords = {
		euler, lagrange,
		flow,
		force,
		friction,
		jin,
		multiscale,
		nanoparticle,
		selforganisation,
		solid, liquid,
		suns,
		twophase,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3858
@article{kim0000algorithms,

	author = {Kim, H. C. and Feng, Y. and Verboncoeur, J. P.},
	title = {Algorithms for accurate collection, ejection, and loading in particle simulations;},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Algorithms for accurate collection, ejection, and loading of particles in particle simulations are presented. The algorithm for particle collection finds the position and velocity at any specific time from those at a discrete time. The algorithms for particle ejection and loading find the value at a discrete time from those at a given time. The accuracy of these algorithms is analyzed for general fields and is confirmed by comparing the numerically computed value with its exact solution under a homogeneous magnetic field. In particular, this ejection method can be applied to secondary emission as well as spontaneous emission.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391661},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4M9H90C-2/2/04cff55086d223440690e1d584205528},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, ejection, jin, load, particle, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:03},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4M9H90C-2/2/04cff55086d223440690e1d584205528},
	volume = {223},
	pages = {-642},

	keywords = {
		ejection,
		jin,
		load,
		particle,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3859
@article{kirchner0000theory,

	author = {Kirchner, Barbara},
	title = {Theory of complicated liquids: Investigation of liquids, solvents and solvent effects with modern theoretical methods;},
	journal = {Physics Reports},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {It is the aim of this work to elucidate the usefulness and feasibility of the first-principles approach and to extend it to the regime of liquid molecular substances of complex structure. Physical and thermodynamic properties of complicated liquids are investigated by means of Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics (CPMD) and also with static quantum chemical methods. The connection between the dynamic and static approach is given by the quantum cluster equilibrium (QCE) theory. Since the QCE theory is not yet well established, a new implementation in the MD post-processing program PEACEMAKER is presented. It can be shown that it is by far more important to include cooperative effects rather than to concentrate the effort on the inclusion of weak dispersion forces not present in current density functionals. Traditionally, investigations of complicated liquids were also undertaken with the tools of simple liquids, because for some problems the size of the system does not allow for a more accurate description. Although linear-scaling techniques are simplifications from the point of view of quantum chemistry, they might be severe improvements when compared to traditional molecular dynamics simulations. For the interpretation of the liquid state the introduction of local properties is inevitable. New methods are presented for the calculation of local dipole moments and for the estimation of hydrogen bond energies in quantum mechanically nondecomposable systems. The latter also allows for the detection of hydrogen bonds in simulations through a wavefunction-based criterion instead of one which is solely grounded on the geometric structure of the atomic nuclei involved. The article then discusses prominent liquids which show properties that are not yet understood. Another part of the work analyzes the effect of solvent molecules on solutes and their reactions in the solvent. Finaly, neoteric solvents, such as ionic liquids are discussed.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391660},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVP-4MPKBT2-1/2/56498e48eff4705afa00843386194c42},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1-3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:03},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVP-4MPKBT2-1/2/56498e48eff4705afa00843386194c42},
	volume = {440},
	pages = {-111},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3860
@article{vladkov2006linear,

	author = {Vladkov, Mihail and Barra, Jean-Louis},
	title = {Linear and Nonlinear Viscoelasticity of a Model Unentangled Polymer Melt: Molecular Dynamics and Rouse Modes Analysis},
	journal = {Macromolecular Theory and Simulations},
	year = {2006},

	abstract = {Using molecular dynamics simulations, we determine the linear and nonlinear viscoelastic properties of a model polymer melt in the unentangled regime. Several approaches are compared for the computation of linear moduli and viscosity, including Green-Kubo and nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD). An alternative approach, based on the use of the Rouse modes, is also discussed. This approach could be used to assess local viscoelastic properties in inhomogeneous systems. We also focus on the contributions of different interactions to the viscoelastic moduli and explain the microscopic mechanisms involved in the mechanical response of the melt to external solicitation},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391659},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mats.200500079},
	doi = {10.1002/mats.200500079},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:03},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mats.200500079},
	volume = {15},
	pages = {-262},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3861
@article{rottler0000shear,

	author = {Rottler, J\"{o}rg and Robbins, Mark O.},
	title = {Shear yielding of amorphous glassy solids: Effect of temperature and strain rate},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391658},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:03},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {68},
	pages = {American Physical Society+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3862
@article{feng0000microdynamic,

	author = {Feng, Y. Q. and Yu, A. B.},
	title = {Microdynamic modelling and analysis of the mixing and segregation of binary mixtures of particles in gas fluidization},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This paper presents a study of the mixing and segregation of particle mixtures in a gas-fluidized bed by means of a discrete particle simulation. Particle mixtures are composed of spherical particles with diameter 2 mm for jetsam and 1 mm for flotsam. The particles are initially packed randomly in a rectangular bed and then fluidized by gas uniformly injected at the bottom of the bed. The gas injection velocity varies to cover fixed, partially and fully fluidized bed conditions, in order to establish a full picture about the effect of gas velocity. Segregation/mixing behaviour is analysed in terms of flow patterns, solid concentration profile and mixing kinetics. It is shown that segregation, as a transient process, is strongly affected by gas velocity. There is a gas velocity producing the maximum segregation for a given mixture. Below this velocity, segregation increases and above this velocity, segregation decreases with the increase of gas velocity. The time to reach a macroscopically stable state can be up to tens of seconds, decreasing with the increase of gas velocity. The mechanisms governing the segregation and mixing of particles are elucidated in terms of the interaction forces between particles and between particles and fluid. Particle-fluid interaction initiates fluidization and segregation. Particle-particle interaction, however, also plays an important role in governing the segregation of particles. The degree of segregation results from the complex dynamic balance of the two interactions either locally or globally.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391657},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4KPNVTN-1/2/2cff96bb631463373e8680c7141e59eb},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, discrete, fluidization, interaction, jin, mixing, particle, particlefluid, segregation, suns},
	number = {1-2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:03},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4KPNVTN-1/2/2cff96bb631463373e8680c7141e59eb},
	volume = {62},
	pages = {-268},

	keywords = {
		discrete,
		fluidization,
		interaction,
		jin,
		mixing,
		particle,
		particle, fluid,
		segregation,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3863
@article{lasinski0000effect,

	author = {Lasinski, M. E. and Curtis, J. S. and Pekny, J. F.},
	title = {Effect of system size on particle-phase stress and microstructure formation},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391656},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/16/265/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, crystal, flow, jin, microstructure, nonnewtonian, suns, twophase},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:03},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/16/265/1},
	volume = {16},
	pages = {AIP---273},

	keywords = {
		crystal,
		flow,
		jin,
		microstructure,
		nonnewtonian,
		suns,
		twophase,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3864
@article{mueth0000measurements,

	author = {Mueth, Daniel M.},
	title = {Measurements of particle dynamics in slow, dense granular Couette flow},
	journal = {Phys. Rev. E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391655},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:03},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {67},
	pages = {American Physical Society+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3865
@article{ketterhagen0000stress,

	author = {Ketterhagen, William R. and Curtis, Jennifer S. and Wassgren, Carl R.},
	title = {Stress results from two-dimensional granular shear flow simulations using various collision models},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391654},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v71/e061307},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, friction, granular, jin, material, shear, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:03},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v71/e061307},
	volume = {71},
	pages = {APS---11},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3866
@article{dutt0000effects_1,

	author = {Dutt, Meenakshi and Behringer, R. P.},
	title = {Effects of surface friction on a two-dimensional granular system: Numerical model of a granular collider experiment},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391653},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e021305},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, fluctuation, friction, granular, jin, material, mechanics, statistics, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:03},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e021305},
	volume = {75},
	pages = {APS---9},

	keywords = {
		fluctuation,
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		mechanics,
		statistics,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3867
@article{rapaport0000radial,

	author = {Rapaport, D. C.},
	title = {Radial and axial segregation of granular matter in a rotating cylinder: A simulation study},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391652},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e031301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, friction, granular, jin, material, segregation, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:03},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e031301},
	volume = {75},
	pages = {APS---11},

	keywords = {
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		segregation,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3868
@article{mehta0000competition,

	author = {Mehta, Anita and Luck, J. M. and Berg, J. M. and Barker, G. C.},
	title = {Competition and cooperation: aspects of dynamics in sandpiles},
	journal = {Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In this paper, we review some of our approaches to granular dynamics, now well known (Mehta 1994 <I>Granular Matter: an Interdisciplinary Approach</I> ed\&\#160;A\&\#160;Mehta (New York: Springer)) to consist of both fast and slow relaxational processes. In the first case, grains typically compete with each other, while in the second, they cooperate. A typical result of <I>cooperation</I> is the formation of stable bridges, signatures of spatiotemporal inhomogeneities; we review their geometrical characteristics and compare theoretical results with those of independent simulations. <I>Cooperative</I> excitations due to local density fluctuations are also responsible for relaxation at the angle of repose; the <I>competition</I> between these fluctuations and external driving forces can, on the other hand, result in a (rare) collapse of the sandpile to the horizontal. Both these features are present in a theory reviewed here. An arena where the effects of cooperation versus competition are felt most keenly is granular compaction; we review here a random graph model, where three-spin interactions are used to model compaction under tapping. The compaction curve shows distinct regions where \&lsquo;fast\&rsquo; and \&lsquo;slow\&rsquo; dynamics apply, separated by what we have called the <I>single-particle relaxation threshold</I>. In the final section of this paper, we explore the effect of shape\&mdash;jagged versus regular\&mdash;on the compaction of packings near their jamming limit. One of our major results is an entropic landscape that, while microscopically rough, manifests <I>Edwards\&rsquo; flatness</I> at a macroscopic level. Another major result is that of surface intermittency under low-intensity shaking.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391651},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {24},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:03},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {17},
	pages = {-S2687},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3869
@article{guyon0000nonlocal,

	author = {Guyon, E. and Roux, S. and Hansen, A. and Bideau, D. and Troadec and Crapo, H.},
	title = {Non-local and non-linear problems in the mechanics of disordered systems: application to granular media and rigidity problems},
	journal = {Reports on Progress in Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Many studies originally made in the field of statistical physics have led to results which are directly related to different features of random packings of granular materials. The authors outline some of these developments: geometrical properties of packings, electrical transport in the pore or the grain space, mechanics of granular arrays. They mainly focus on the following points: (i) The geometrical properties of random close packings of grains which can be studied using the tools of stereology. (ii) The distribution of contacts which controls the transport characteristics in the grain phase. (iii) The rigidity of granular structures which can be mapped onto a lattice model and which can be approached by a central-force percolation model. (iv) The non-linear properties due to the asymmetry of the contact behaviour between two grains, which can be studied on randomly depleted lattice models. Such properties, which come from the existence of non-linear local laws, are extended to the strong irreversible behaviour of fractured structures. (v) Finally, they consider some minimal structure approaches which model the distribution of stresses along a granular system.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391650},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:03},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {53},
	pages = {-419},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3870
@article{mitarai0000bagnold,

	author = {Mitarai, Namiko and Nakanishi, Hiizu},
	title = {Bagnold Scaling, Density Plateau, and Kinetic Theory Analysis of Dense Granular Flow},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391649},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v94/e128001},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, density, flow, granular, jin, kinetics, rheology, suns},
	number = {12},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:02},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v94/e128001},
	volume = {94},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		density,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		rheology,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3871
@article{mindlin1964microstructure,

	author = {Mindlin, R. D.},
	title = {Micro-structure in linear elasticity},
	journal = {Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis},
	year = {1964},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391648},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00248490},
	doi = {10.1007/BF00248490},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:02},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00248490},
	volume = {V16},
	pages = {-78},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3872
@article{mitarai0000hardsphere,

	author = {Mitarai, Namiko and Nakanishi, Hiizu},
	title = {Hard-sphere limit of soft-sphere model for granular materials: Stiffness dependence of steady granular flow},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391647},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:02},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {67},
	pages = {American Physical Society+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3873
@article{mitarai0000collisional,

	author = {Mitarai, Namiko and Hayakawa, Hisao and Nakanishi, Hiizu},
	title = {Collisional Granular Flow as a Micropolar Fluid},
	journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391645},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {17},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:02},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {88},
	pages = {American Physical Society+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3874
@article{campbell0000boundary_1,

	author = {Campbell, Charles S.},
	title = {Boundary interactions for two-dimensional granular flows. Part 2. Roughened boundaries},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The global behaviour of a granular flow is critically dependent on its interaction with whatever solid boundaries with which it comes into contact, whether they be used to drive, retard or simply bound the flow field. This paper describes the results of a computer simulation study of the effects of roughening boundaries by `gluing' particles to the surfaces. Roughness is commonly used in experimental devices as a way of approximating a no-slip condition between a granular material and the driving surfaces. On a microscopic level, this produces a boundary that extends out into the flow field to the limit of the roughness elements. This has a strong effect on the way that forces, and, in particular, torque, is transmitted to the particles in the neighbourhood of the boundary.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391644},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:02},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {247},
	pages = {-156},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3875
@article{campbell0000boundary_2,

	author = {Campbell, Charles S.},
	title = {Boundary interactions for two-dimensional granular flows. Part 1. Flat boundaries, asymmetric stresses and couple stresses},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The behaviour of a granular flow at a boundary cannot be specified independently of what is happening in the rest of the flow field. This paper describes a study of two fictitious, but instructive, flat boundary types using a computer simulation of a two-dimensional granular flow with the goal of trying to understand the possible effects of the boundary on the flow. The two boundary conditions, Type A and Type B, differ largely in the way that they apply torques to the flow particles. During a particle--wall collision, the Type A boundary applies the force at the particle surface, thus applying the largest mechanistically possible torque to the particle, while the Type B boundary applies the force directly to the particle centre, resulting in the application of zero torque. Though a small change on continuum scales (i.e. the point at which the force is applied has only been moved by a particle radius) it makes a huge difference to the macroscopic behaviour of the system. Generally, it was found that, near boundaries, large variations in continuum properties occur over distances of a particle diameter, a non-continuum scale, throwing into doubt whether boundaries may be accurately modelled via continuum mechanics. Finally, the large torques applied to the particles by the Type A boundary induce asymmetries in the stress tensor, which, in these steady flows, are balanced by gradients in a couple stress tensor. Thus, near boundaries, a frictional granular material must be modelled as a polar fluid.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391643},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	old_pages = {136},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:02},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {247},
	pages = {136},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3876
@article{strumendo0000method,

	author = {Strumendo, Matteo and Canu, Paolo},
	title = {Method of moments for the dilute granular flow of inelastic spheres},
	journal = {Phys. Rev. E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391642},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:02},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {66},
	pages = {American Physical Society+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3877
@article{bocquet0000granular,

	author = {Bocquet, L. and Losert, W. and Schalk, D. and Lubensky, T. C. and Gollub, J. P.},
	title = {Granular shear flow dynamics and forces: Experiment and continuum theory},
	journal = {Phys. Rev. E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391641},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:01},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {65},
	pages = {American Physical Society+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3878
@article{goldhirsch0000origin,

	author = {Goldhirsch, I. and Sela, N.},
	title = {Origin of normal stress differences in rapid granular flows},
	journal = {Phys. Rev. E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391640},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://prola.aps.org/pdf/PRE/v54/i4/p4458_1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:01},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://prola.aps.org/pdf/PRE/v54/i4/p4458_1},
	volume = {54},
	pages = {4458},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3879
@article{walton0000stress,

	author = {Walton, O. R. and Braun, R. L.},
	title = {Stress calculations for assemblies of inelastic spheres in uniform shear},
	journal = {Acta Mechanica},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391639},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:01},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {63},
	pages = {-86},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3880
@article{campbell0000stress_1,

	author = {Campbell, Charles S. and Gong, A.},
	title = {The stress tensor in a two dimensional granular shear flow},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391638},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:01},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {164},
	pages = {-125},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3881
@article{campbell0000stress_2,

	author = {Campbell, Charles S.},
	title = {The stress tensor for simple shear flows of a granular material},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391637},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:01},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {203},
	pages = {-473},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3882
@article{brilliantov0000rolling_1,

	author = {Brilliantov, Nikolai V. and Poschel, Thorsten},
	title = {Rolling friction of a viscous sphere on a hard plane},
	journal = {Europhysics Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391636},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://epljournal.edpsciences.org/articles/epl/pdf/1998/11/42506.pdf},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:01},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://epljournal.edpsciences.org/articles/epl/pdf/1998/11/42506.pdf},
	volume = {42},
	pages = {-516},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_DUPLICATE_TITLE,
	},

}

ref_id = 3883
@article{cafiero0000rotationally,

	author = {Cafiero, Raffaele and Luding, Stefan and Herrmann, Hans J.},
	title = {Rotationally driven gas of inelastic rough spheres},
	journal = {Europhysics Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391634},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:01},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {60},
	pages = {-860},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3884
@article{breton0000stress,

	author = {Breton, L. and Claudin, P. and Clement, E. and Zucker, J. D.},
	title = {Stress response function of a two-dimensional ordered packing of frictional beads},
	journal = {Europhysics Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391633},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:01},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {60},
	pages = {-819},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3885
@article{coleman0000foundations,

	author = {Coleman, Bernard D. and Noll, Walter},
	title = {Foundations of Linear Viscoelasticity},
	journal = {Rev. Mod. Phys.},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391632},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:01},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {33},
	pages = {American Physical Society---249},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3886
@article{zhou2002equivalent,

	author = {Zhou, Min and McDowell, David L.},
	title = {Equivalent continuum for dynamically deforming atomistic particle systems},
	journal = {Philosophical Magazine A},
	year = {2002},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391631},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01418610210145349},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/tandf/tphmold/2002/00000082/00000013/art00003},
	doi = {10.1080/01418610210145349},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:01},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/tandf/tphmold/2002/00000082/00000013/art00003},
	volume = {82},
	pages = {-2574},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3887
@article{zervos0000numerical,

	author = {Zervos, A. and Vardoulakis, I. and Jean and Lerat, P.},
	title = {Numerical investigation of granular interfaces kinematics},
	journal = {MECHANICS OF COHESIVE-FRICTIONAL MATERIALS},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391630},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:00},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {5},
	pages = {-324},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3888
@article{luding0000from_1,

	author = {Luding, Stefan},
	title = {From DEM Simulations towards a Continuum Theory of Granular Matter},
	journal = {cond-mat},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391629},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:00},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
	},

}

ref_id = 3889
@article{alraoush0000microstructure,

	author = {Al-Raoush, Riyadh},
	title = {Microstructure characterization of granular materials;},
	journal = {Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This paper presents techniques and algorithms to compute microstructure properties of irregular-shaped granulate assemblies utilizing 3D images. The techniques are capable of extracting microstructure properties of particles such as centeroid, particle size distribution, shape indices (i.e., shpericity and angularity), number of contacts (i.e., distribution of coordination numbers), contact network, packing efficiency, distribution of local void ratio and radial distribution function. Such properties are critical parameters for micromechanical-based numerical models to capture micro- and macromechanical behavior of geomaterials. X-ray microtomography was used to reconstruct high-resolution 3D image of a natural sand system to represent granular materials. Microstructure properties of the sand system were computed and compared with properties of a computer-simulated image of periodic random spheres. Findings indicate that the use of simplified systems of idealized spheres to model micro- and macromechanical behavior of granular systems can lead to inaccurate results due to the differences in the microstructure between both systems. Methods presented in this paper enabled capturing a more realistic microstructure that can be incorporated in micromechanical models to better simulate, understand, or explain macroscale behavior of granular materials based on their actual microstructure.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391628},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-4MR88XF-1/2/2ce51e912799a4e40d91701ff63b55e3},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, jin, material, micromechanics, microstructure, microtomography, packing, random, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:00},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-4MR88XF-1/2/2ce51e912799a4e40d91701ff63b55e3},
	volume = {377},
	pages = {-558},

	keywords = {
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		micromechanics,
		microstructure,
		microtomography,
		packing,
		random,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3890
@article{kruggelemden0000review,

	author = {Kruggel-Emden, H. and Simsek, E. and Rickelt, S. and Wirtz, S. and Scherer, V.},
	title = {Review and extension of normal force models for the Discrete Element Method;},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {For the simulation of dense granular systems the Discrete Element Method based on a soft-sphere approach is commonly used. In such simulations collisions between particles take a finite time. The equations of motion are applied for each particle and solved numerically. Therefore models for the forces acting between particles in contact need to be specified. In this paper the focus is set on normal contacts. Based on macroscopic and microscopic accessible parameters like coefficient of restitution, collision time, force, displacement and displacement rate a wide range of commonly used force schemes are reviewed. Results obtained from these commonly used models are compared to experimental data on collisions of different metal alloys, ice and marble as reported in literature. Due to obvious limitations extensions are presented. The new extended models based on linear and non-linear models are compared to experimental data and their accuracy and applicability are discussed.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391627},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4M62KCT-4/2/e97fab8f30f5ad8071292c96d74ca7ee},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, contact, discrete, force, granular, jin, medium, normal, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:00},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4M62KCT-4/2/e97fab8f30f5ad8071292c96d74ca7ee},
	volume = {171},
	pages = {-173},

	keywords = {
		contact,
		discrete,
		force,
		granular,
		jin,
		medium,
		normal,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3891
@article{bird1992transport,

	author = {Bird, R. B. and Ottinger, H. C.},
	title = {Transport Properties of Polymeric Liquids},
	journal = {Annual Review of Physical Chemistry},
	year = {1992},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391626},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pc.43.100192.002103},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.pc.43.100192.002103},
	doi = {10.1146/annurev.pc.43.100192.002103},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:00},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.pc.43.100192.002103},
	volume = {43},
	pages = {-406},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3892
@article{bird1995constitutive,

	author = {Bird, R. B. and Wiest, J. M.},
	title = {Constitutive Equations for Polymeric Liquids},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {1995},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391625},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.27.010195.001125},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.fl.27.010195.001125},
	doi = {10.1146/annurev.fl.27.010195.001125},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:00},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.fl.27.010195.001125},
	volume = {27},
	pages = {-193},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3893
@article{kiyono0000criticality,

	author = {Kiyono, Ken and Struzik, Zbigniew R. and Yamamoto, Yoshiharu},
	title = {Criticality and Phase Transition in Stock-Price Fluctuations},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391624},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v96/e068701},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, econophysics, fluctuation, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:00},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v96/e068701},
	volume = {96},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		econophysics,
		fluctuation,
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3894
@article{moon0000particle,

	author = {Moon, S. J. and Kevrekidis, I. G. and Sundaresan, S.},
	title = {Particle Simulation of Vibrated Gas-Fluidized Beds of Cohesive Fine Powders},
	journal = {Industrial \& Engineering Chemistry Research},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Abstract: We have used three-dimensional particle dynamics simulations, coupled with volume-averaged gas phase hydrodynamics, to study vertically vibrated gas-fluidized beds of fine, cohesive powders. The volume-averaged interstitial gas flow is restricted to be one-dimensional (1D). This simplified model captures the spontaneous development of 1D traveling waves, which corresponds to bubble formation in real fluidized beds. We have used this model to probe the manner in which vibration and gas flow combine to influence the dynamics of cohesive particles. We have found that, as the gas flow rate increases, cyclic pressure pulsation produced by vibration becomes more and more significant than direct impact, and in a fully fluidized bed, this pulsation is virtually the only relevant mechanism. We demonstrate that vibration assists fluidization by creating large tensile stresses during transient periods, which helps break up the cohesive assembly into agglomerates.},
	address = {Department of Chemical Engineering, Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391623},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://pubs3.acs.org/acs/journals/doilookup?in_doi=10.1021/ie051114s},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {21},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:53:00},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://pubs3.acs.org/acs/journals/doilookup?in_doi=10.1021/ie051114s},
	volume = {45},
	pages = {-6977},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3895
@article{andrews0000coarsegrid,

	author = {Andrews, A. T. and Loezos, P. N. and Sundaresan, S.},
	title = {Coarse-Grid Simulation of Gas-Particle Flows in Vertical Risers},
	journal = {Industrial \& Engineering Chemistry Research},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Abstract: Continuum model equations for unsteady gas-particle flows in devices such as fluidized beds and circulating fluidized bed risers contain unstable modes whose length scale is of the order of 10 particle diameters. Yet, because of limited computational resources, these flows are routinely simulated by solving the discretized version of continuum models over coarse spatial grids. These simulations resolve the large-scale flow structures but not the finer scale structures. In most industrial applications involving large devices, it is impractical to resolve all the fine-scale structures, and therefore the effects of the unresolved structures must be addressed through suitable subgrid models. Using gas-particle flows in a wide and very tall vertical channel as an example, we have demonstrated in this study that the results obtained in coarse-grid integration of the microscopic equations for gas-particle flows change appreciably if subgrid corrections to account for the effects of unresolved structures are included. The addition of a simple time-averaged subgrid closure for the effective drag coefficient and particle phase viscosity and pressure led to a qualitative change in the simulation results. Our simulations also revealed a lack of separation of time scales between the resolved and unresolved structures. This led us to formulate a simple stochastic subgrid closure for the drag coefficient and investigate its consequence. The addition of a stochastic correction made quantitative, but not qualitative, changes to the simulation results.},
	address = {Department of Chemical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544-5263},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391622},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://pubs3.acs.org/acs/journals/doilookup?in_doi=10.1021/ie0492193},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {16},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:59},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://pubs3.acs.org/acs/journals/doilookup?in_doi=10.1021/ie0492193},
	volume = {44},
	pages = {-6037},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3896
@article{somfai0000critical,

	author = {Somfai, Ellak and van Hecke, Martin and Ellenbroek, Wouter G. and Shundyak, Kostya and van Saarloos, Wim},
	title = {Critical and noncritical jamming of frictional grains},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391621},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e020301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, elasticity, friction, granular, jin, material, mode, modulus, phase, soft, suns, transformation},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:59},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e020301},
	volume = {75},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		elasticity,
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		mode,
		modulus,
		phase,
		soft,
		suns,
		transformation,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3897
@article{faqih0000method,

	author = {Faqih, AbdulMobeen N. and Alexander, Albert W. and Muzzio, Fernando J. and Tomassone, M. Silvina},
	title = {A method for predicting hopper flow characteristics of pharmaceutical powders;},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This communication correlates two empirical methods; flow in a rotating drum with flow in bench scale hoppers. The flow characteristics of 13 cohesive granular materials were studied in the gravitational displacement Rheometer (GDR) and compared to flow in hoppers of varying angle and discharge diameter at fixed temperature and moisture conditions. The GDR proved to be an effective and convenient tool for examining flow properties of pharmaceutical materials, both pure and mixtures. A flow Index obtained from GDR measurements is directly correlated to the flow through hoppers, providing a predictive method for hopper design and a convenient experimental test for screening materials and determining their suitability for specific hopper systems. Analysis of industrial scale hoppers will be addressed in future communication.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391620},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4MC81P1-1/2/2a0520d4606651274d542e32e293b836},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, cohesion, granular, hopper, jin, material, particle, powder, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:59},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4MC81P1-1/2/2a0520d4606651274d542e32e293b836},
	volume = {62},
	pages = {-1542},

	keywords = {
		cohesion,
		granular,
		hopper,
		jin,
		material,
		particle,
		powder,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3898
@article{daniel0000continuum,

	author = {Daniel, Richard C. and Poloski, Adam P. and Eduardo Saez, A.},
	title = {A continuum constitutive model for cohesionless granular flows;},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A constitutive model is developed to represent shear granular flows of cohesionless solids. The model is based on the postulate that the friction coefficient and the solids fraction in a moving granular material are exclusive functions of the inertial number, which represents the ratio of inertial to normal stress forces. The constitutive equation obtained has the same form as a multidimensional Bingham fluid model, albeit with apparent viscosity and yield stress that depend on the vertical normal stress. The model is applied to previously published experimental results dealing with shear flows of granular beds made up of cohesionless spherical particles. The first case analyzed corresponds to a granular bed moving on top of a rotating disk. The model captures the main trends of the velocity profiles with a single adjustable parameter. The second case is a conventional Couette flow, for which the model is capable of representing the velocity and solids fraction profiles measured experimentally.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391619},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4MDP83M-2/2/b96b242afd3689ec37fce7aa41b0af12},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, granular, jin, material, rheology, shear, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:59},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4MDP83M-2/2/b96b242afd3689ec37fce7aa41b0af12},
	volume = {62},
	pages = {-1350},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		rheology,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3899
@article{louge0000model,

	author = {Louge, Michel Y.},
	title = {Model for dense granular flows down bumpy inclines},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391618},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v67/e061303},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	old_pages = {061303+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:59},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v67/e061303},
	volume = {67},
	pages = {061303+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3900
@article{hibler0000viscous,

	author = {Hibler, W. D.},
	title = {A viscous see ice law as a stochastic average of plasticity},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391617},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:59},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {82},
	pages = {-3938},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3901
@article{hibler0000dynamic,

	author = {Hibler, W. D.},
	title = {A Dynamic Thermodynamic Sea Ice Model},
	journal = {Journal of Physical Oceanography},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391616},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:59},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {9},
	pages = {-846},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3902
@article{cui0000fluidization,

	author = {Cui, Heping and Grace, John R.},
	title = {Fluidization of biomass particles: A review of experimental multiphase flow aspects; Fluidized Bed Applications},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Biomass is important in energy conversion processes due to their favourable status with respect to greenhouse gas emissions. However, biomass particles have unusual properties which make them difficult to fluidize and handle. This paper reviews recent research on the hydrodynamics and mixing of biomass particles in fluidized beds. Whereas there has been considerable effort to develop new biomass gasification, combustion, pyrolysis and bio-conversion processes, relatively few authors have characterized the relevant flow characteristics of biomass particles in fluidized beds or investigated measures that could assist in resolving flow issues. The limited work that has been reported on biomass fluidization primarily treats means of achieving fluidization, mixing and segregation. Most of the work has been in low-velocity fluidized beds, although circulating fluidized beds are also important. Further research is needed to provide general understanding of interactions among heterogeneous particles and guidance on conditions that can lead to viable and sustainable processes.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391615},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4KNV2P6-4/2/d9f2093532de9412b4371957c2d81c27},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, biomass, energy, flow, fluidization, hydrodynamics, jin, multiphase, renewable, settling, suns},
	number = {1-2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:59},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4KNV2P6-4/2/d9f2093532de9412b4371957c2d81c27},
	volume = {62},
	pages = {-55},

	keywords = {
		biomass,
		energy,
		flow,
		fluidization,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		multiphase,
		renewable,
		settling,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3903
@article{chen0000lagrangian,

	author = {Chen, H. and Marshall, J. S.},
	title = {A Lagrangian Vorticity Method for Two-Phase Particulate Flows with Two-Way Phase Coupling;},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A Lagrangian vorticity-based method is presented for simulating two-way phase interaction in a two-phase flow with heavy particles. The flow is computed by solving the vorticity transport equation, including the particle-induced vorticity source, and the mass conservation equation for particle concentration on separate sets of fluid control points and particle control points, respectively. The fluid control points are advected with the local fluid velocity, plus a diffusion velocity for viscous problems to account for the spread of the vorticity support via diffusion, while the particle control points are advected by solution of the Lagrangian particle momentum equation. The particle concentration and vorticity transport equations are evaluated using volume-averaged particle velocity and contact force fields, obtained by a weighted average over nearby particle control points. One novel feature of the numerical method is the scheme for calculation of the particle-induced vorticity source using a \\tt"moving least-square\\tt" differentiation scheme across the two sets of control points. Another feature of the method is its ability to absorb the vorticity generated by particle forces through an adaptive scheme for generation of new fluid control points. Test calculations with a vortex patch filled with particles show that the numerical results compare well with the results obtained both by a traditional finite-difference method and by an asymptotic approximation valid for small Stokes numbers. Other features of the numerical method are demonstrated for calculations involving a particle cloud falling under gravity and a two-phase mixing layer flow.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391613},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-45K197N-9/2/694ae0b74d782fce9caaf9caa3b94fa5},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:59},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-45K197N-9/2/694ae0b74d782fce9caaf9caa3b94fa5},
	volume = {148},
	pages = {-198},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3904
@article{delnoij0000dynamic,

	author = {Delnoij, E. and Lammers, F. A. and Kuipers, J. A. M. and van Swaaij, W. P. M.},
	title = {Dynamic simulation of dispersed gas-liquid two-phase flow using a discrete bubble model;},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In this paper a detailed hydrodynamic model for gas-liquid two-phase flow will be presented. The model is based on a mixed Eulerian-Lagrangian approach and describes the time-dependent two-dimensional motion of small, spherical gas bubbles in a bubble column operating in the homogeneous regime. The motion of these bubbles is calculated from a force balance for each individual bubble, accounting for all relevant forces acting on them. Contributions from liquid-phase pressure gradient, drag, virtual mass, liquid-phase vorticity and gravity are considered, whereas direct bubble-bubble interactions are accounted for via an interaction model resembling the collision model developed by Hoomans et al. (1996) to model gas-fluidized beds. The liquid-phase hydrodynamics are described using the volume-averaged, unsteady, Navier-Stokes equations. A preliminary model validation has been performed by comparing the computational results with experimental observations published previously in literature by various authors. The model is shown to predict correctly the motion of a bubble plume in a pseudo-two-dimensional bubble column operated at different superficial gas velocities, provided that a detailed description of the bubble dynamics is incorporated in the model. The effect of bubble column aspect ratio on the hydrodynamic behaviour of the column has also been investigated. Our model predicts the effect of aspect ratio on the flow structure in the bubble column. The importance of the various forces acting on the bubbles will also be discussed and it will be shown that the added mass force and the lift force cannot be neglected in bubble column simulation. Finally, the model has been used to study the start-up behaviour of a two-dimensional bubble column. It will be shown that the history of the gas-liquid two-phase flow significantly affects the flow structure ultimately obtained in a bubble column. This finding has, to our knowledge, not been reported before in literature.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391612},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-3S9JXXB-M/2/690799904ab9ed754fb2800abcd3a9e9},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bubble, flow, hydrodynamics, jin, suns, twophase},
	number = {9},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:58},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-3S9JXXB-M/2/690799904ab9ed754fb2800abcd3a9e9},
	volume = {52},
	pages = {-1458},

	keywords = {
		bubble,
		flow,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		suns,
		twophase,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3905
@article{tymoczko0000geometry,

	author = {Tymoczko, Dmitri},
	title = {The Geometry of Musical Chords},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A musical chord can be represented as a point in a geometrical space called an orbifold. Line segments represent mappings from the notes of one chord to those of another. Composers in a wide range of styles have exploited the non-Euclidean geometry of these spaces, typically by using short line segments between structurally similar chords. Such line segments exist only when chords are nearly symmetrical under translation, reflection, or permutation. Paradigmatically consonant and dissonant chords possess different near-symmetries and suggest different musical uses.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391611},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/313/5783/72},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1126287},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5783},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:58},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/313/5783/72},
	volume = {313},
	pages = {-74},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3906
@article{moureau0000ghostfluid,

	author = {Moureau, V. and Minot, P. and Pitsch, H. and Berat, C.},
	title = {A ghost-fluid method for large-eddy simulations of premixed combustion in complex geometries;},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In this paper, a new ghost-fluid method for interfaces of finite thickness is described. It allows to compute efficiently turbulent premixed flames with a finite thickness in low-Mach flows. A level set algorithm is used to track accurately the flame and to define the overlapping region where the burned and unburned gases satisfy the jump conditions. These algorithms are combined with a fractional-step method to alleviate the acoustic CFL constraint. The full algorithm is verified for simple flame-vortex interactions and it is validated by computing a turbulent flame anchored by a triangular flame-holder. Finally, the algorithm is applied in the LES of an industrial lean-premixed swirl-burner.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391610},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2006.06.031},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4KMYMDN-1/2/b91b88c2262dec60f5a027622a7cd444},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jcp.2006.06.031},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, combustion, jin, premixed, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:58},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4KMYMDN-1/2/b91b88c2262dec60f5a027622a7cd444},
	volume = {221},
	pages = {-614},

	keywords = {
		combustion,
		jin,
		premixed,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_INCOMPLETE_W_DOI,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3907
@article{paul0000complexity,

	author = {Paul, Gerald},
	title = {A Complexity O(1) priority queue for event driven molecular dynamics simulations;},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We propose and implement a priority queue suitable for use in event driven molecular dynamics simulations. All operations on the queue take on average O(1) time per collision. In comparison, previously studied queues for event driven molecular dynamics simulations require O(log N) time per collision for systems of N particles.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391609},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4KNKH3H-3/2/64f6dd719cc8ac1219489539bec8c1a2},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, jin, molecule, queue, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:58},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4KNKH3H-3/2/64f6dd719cc8ac1219489539bec8c1a2},
	volume = {221},
	pages = {-625},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		jin,
		molecule,
		queue,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3908
@article{rangan0000numerical,

	author = {Rangan, Aaditya V. and Cai, David and Tao, Louis},
	title = {Numerical methods for solving moment equations in kinetic theory of neuronal network dynamics;},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Recently developed kinetic theory and related closures for neuronal network dynamics have been demonstrated to be a powerful theoretical framework for investigating coarse-grained dynamical properties of neuronal networks. The moment equations arising from the kinetic theory are a system of (1 + 1)-dimensional nonlinear partial differential equations (PDE) on a bounded domain with nonlinear boundary conditions. The PDEs themselves are self-consistently specified by parameters which are functions of the boundary values of the solution. The moment equations can be stiff in space and time. Numerical methods are presented here for efficiently and accurately solving these moment equations. The essential ingredients in our numerical methods include: (i) the system is discretized in time with an implicit Euler method within a spectral deferred correction framework, therefore, the PDEs of the kinetic theory are reduced to a sequence, in time, of boundary value problems (BVPs) with nonlinear boundary conditions; (ii) a set of auxiliary parameters is introduced to recast the original BVP with nonlinear boundary conditions as BVPs with linear boundary conditions - with additional algebraic constraints on the auxiliary parameters; (iii) a careful combination of two Newton's iterates for the nonlinear BVP with linear boundary condition, interlaced with a Newton's iterate for solving the associated algebraic constraints is constructed to achieve quadratic convergence for obtaining the solutions with self-consistent parameters. It is shown that a simple fixed-point iteration can only achieve a linear convergence for the self-consistent parameters. The practicability and efficiency of our numerical methods for solving the moment equations of the kinetic theory are illustrated with numerical examples. It is further demonstrated that the moment equations derived from the kinetic theory of neuronal network dynamics can very well capture the coarse-grained dynamical properties of integrate-and-fire neuronal networks.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391608},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4KMYMDN-2/2/ecb6fa668f0274cc9c7f1ec1bb24afbf},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, newton, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:58},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4KMYMDN-2/2/ecb6fa668f0274cc9c7f1ec1bb24afbf},
	volume = {221},
	pages = {-798},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		newton,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3909
@article{flekkoy0000continuum,

	author = {Flekk{\o}y, Eirik G. and J{\o}rgen M\r{a}l{\o}y, Knut},
	title = {Continuum description of granular flows: Simulation and experiment},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391607},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v57/p6962},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	old_pages = {6962+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:58},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v57/p6962},
	volume = {57},
	pages = {6962+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3910
@article{rajchenbach0000granular,

	author = {Rajchenbach, J.},
	title = {Granular flows},
	journal = {Advances In Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391606},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/tandf/tadp/2000/00000049/00000002/art00002},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:58},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/tandf/tadp/2000/00000049/00000002/art00002},
	volume = {49},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3911
@article{ojha2003statistical,

	author = {Ojha, R. P. and Lemieux and Dixon, P. K. and Liu, A. J. and Durian, D. J.},
	title = {Statistical mechanics of a gas-fluidized particle},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {2003},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391605},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02294},
	comment = {10.1038/nature02294},
	doi = {10.1038/nature02294},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6974},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:57},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02294},
	volume = {427},
	pages = {-523},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3912
@article{castillo2007local,

	author = {Castillo, Horacio E. and Parsaeian, Azita},
	title = {Local fluctuations in the ageing of a simple structural glass},
	journal = {Nat Phys},
	year = {2007},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391604},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphys482},
	comment = {10.1038/nphys482},
	doi = {10.1038/nphys482},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:57},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphys482},
	volume = {3},
	pages = {-28},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3913
@article{xu0000multiscale,

	author = {Xu, Kun and Liu, Hongwei},
	title = {Multiscale gas-kinetic simulation for continuum and near-continuum flows},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391603},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e016306},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boltzmann, conduction, dynamics, flow, fluid, heat, jin, kinetics, montecarlo, navierstokes, poiseuille, rarefied, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:57},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v75/e016306},
	volume = {75},
	pages = {APS---6},

	keywords = {
		boltzmann,
		conduction,
		dynamics,
		flow,
		fluid,
		heat,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		montecarlo,
		navier, stokes,
		poiseuille,
		rarefied,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3914
@misc{de0000statistical,


	author = {De Martino, Andrea and Marsili, Matteo},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391602},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.citebase.org/abstract?id=oai:arXiv.org:physics/0606107},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:57},
	priority = {2},
	title = {Statistical mechanics of socio-economic systems with heterogeneous agents},
	url = {http://www.citebase.org/abstract?id=oai:arXiv.org:physics/0606107},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
	},

}

ref_id = 3915
@article{yi2007force,

	author = {Yi, Chen-hong and Liu, Yuan and Miao, Tian-de and Mu, Qing-song and Qi, Yan-li},
	title = {Force transmission in three-dimensional hexagonal-close-packed granular arrays with point defect submitted to a point load},
	journal = {Granular Matter},
	year = {2007},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391601},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10035-006-0030-2},
	doi = {10.1007/s10035-006-0030-2},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:57},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10035-006-0030-2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
	},

}

ref_id = 3916
@article{jiang2007future,

	author = {Jiang, M. J. and Harris, D. and Zhu, H. H.},
	title = {Future continuum models for granular materials in penetration analyses},
	journal = {Granular Matter},
	year = {2007},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391600},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10035-006-0026-y},
	doi = {10.1007/s10035-006-0026-y},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:57},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10035-006-0026-y},
	volume = {V9},
	pages = {-108},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3917
@article{steingart0000simulation,

	author = {Steingart, Daniel A. and Evans, James W.},
	title = {Simulation of granular flow in 2-D hoppers using the Caram-Hong model;},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The Caram-Hong stochastic model for granular motion in hoppers or silos was applied, with minor modification, to describe the flow of particles in 2D batch hoppers. The predictions of the model were compared to experimental measurements, made by particle image velocimetry, on a laboratory hopper containing zinc particles. With respect to both the spatial variation of particle velocity and the rate of descent of the top surface of the bed, the model showed satisfactory agreement with the experimental data.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391599},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4MM2653-1/2/f5b1fcbc3d69f67320754ed3e457b78d},
	old_keywords = {2d, \_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, granular, hopper, jin, particle, stochastic, suns, velocimetry},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:57},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4MM2653-1/2/f5b1fcbc3d69f67320754ed3e457b78d},
	volume = {62},
	pages = {-1160},

	keywords = {
		2d,
		flow,
		granular,
		hopper,
		jin,
		particle,
		stochastic,
		suns,
		velocimetry,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3918
@misc{meerson0000closepacked,


	author = {Meerson, Baruch and Diez-Minguito, Manuel and Schwager, Thomas and Poeschel, Thorsten},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391598},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.citebase.org/abstract?id=oai:arXiv.org:cond-mat/0701449},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:57},
	priority = {2},
	title = {Close-packed granular clusters: hydrostatics and persistent Gaussian fluctuations},
	url = {http://www.citebase.org/abstract?id=oai:arXiv.org:cond-mat/0701449},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
	},

}

ref_id = 3919
@article{zhou0000simulation,

	author = {Zhou, Fuping and Advani, Suresh G. and Wetzel, Eric D.},
	title = {Simulation of slowly dragging a cylinder through a confined pressurized bed of granular materials using the discrete element method},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391597},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/19/013301/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, drag, flow, friction, granular, jin, material, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:56},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/19/013301/1},
	volume = {19},
	pages = {AIP---10},

	keywords = {
		drag,
		flow,
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3920
@article{goodman0000continuum,

	author = {Goodman, M. A.},
	title = {A continuum theory for the dynamical behavior of granular materials},
	journal = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391596},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:56},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Tulane University of Louisiana+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3921
@article{goodman1972continuum,

	author = {Goodman, M. A. and Cowin, S. C.},
	title = {A continuum theory for granular materials},
	journal = {Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis},
	year = {1972},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391595},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00284326},
	doi = {10.1007/BF00284326},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:56},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00284326},
	volume = {V44},
	pages = {-266},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3922
@article{fox0000bivariate,

	author = {Fox, R. O.},
	title = {Bivariate direct quadrature method of moments for coagulation and sintering of particle populations},
	journal = {Journal of Aerosol Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The direct quadrature method of moments (DQMOM) is applied to a bivariate population balance equation governing the joint number density function n(v,a) of particle volume and area. Using a test case proposed by Wright et al. \\$[\\$2001. Bivariate extension of the quadrature method of moments for modeling simultaneous coagulation and sintering of particle populations. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 236, 242-251\\$]\\$, it is shown that DQMOM reproduces the results found by using bivariate extensions of QMOM. The effects of the choice of bivariate moments and the order (N) of the quadrature approximation are also discussed. In general, it is found that for fixed N all non-singular sets of bivariate moments yield nearly identical results as reported by Wright et al. However, particular sets leading to lower condition numbers for the linear system used to compute the source terms in DQMOM are preferable for numerical reasons. For any value of N\\$[\\$greater-or-equal, slanted\\$]\\$3, the bivariate moment predictions are very similar. Overall, it is found that the coagulation and sintering kernels used in this test case are easily handled by lower-order moment methods, and are relatively insensitive to the choice of bivariate moments used for DQMOM.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391594},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V6B-4K0FMSD-1/2/51037f8d80944df7fc25140e9e30ac62},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, balance, coagulation, jin, moment, population, quadrature, sintering, suns},
	number = {11},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:56},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V6B-4K0FMSD-1/2/51037f8d80944df7fc25140e9e30ac62},
	volume = {37},
	pages = {-1580},

	keywords = {
		balance,
		coagulation,
		jin,
		moment,
		population,
		quadrature,
		sintering,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3923
@article{ten0000analysis_1,

	author = {ten Cate, Andreas and Sundaresan, Sankaran},
	title = {Analysis of the flow in inhomogeneous particle beds using the spatially averaged two-fluid equations},
	journal = {International Journal of Multiphase Flow},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The drag force term appearing in two-fluid models for fluid-particle flows is commonly closed by expressing it as a function of the local quantities, such as the local particle volume fraction, the local slip velocity between the particle and fluid phases, and the local mean-squared fluctuating velocity of the particles. The adequacy of such closures for inhomogeneous suspensions has been debated in the literature and some researchers have suggested the need for additional terms involving spatial gradients in these quantities. To test this proposition, simulations of flow in inhomogeneous steady beds of particles have been performed using the lattice-Boltzmann method. The particle beds consisted of disordered assemblies with a density profile on a scale much larger than the particle radius. Inhomogeneous beds with a controlled density profile were generated in three different ways, (i) by inhomogeneous stretching of the particle bed in one direction, (ii) by applying an inhomogeneous force to the particle phase during random motion of the particles, and (iii) by taking snapshots of a direct simulation of a traveling wave in a fluidization simulation. The global structure of the three beds was comparable, while assessment of the radial distribution functions showed that the three beds exhibited clearly different microscopic structures.The force profiles along the inhomogeneous direction of the particle bed were obtained from the flow simulations. These were analyzed by applying spatial averaging in a manner identical to the averaging procedure that is used to derive the two-fluid model equations. The force profiles were compared to predictions based on flow simulations of homogeneous disordered particle beds over a range of volume fractions. To assess the role of the microstructure of the particle bed also simulations were executed where the homogeneous disordered bed was modified by either applying homogeneous stretching or by applying a lubrication force during generation of the particle bed.This study demonstrated that the microscopic structure of the particle bed has a severe impact on the closure of the drag force. Our computations did not reveal any evidence supporting the need for terms involving gradients in particle volume fraction in the drag force closure.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391593},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V45-4H74MBS-2/2/84cca6118e48d778f73c4e632185a34d},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, drag, force, jin, latticeboltzmann, suns, suspension},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:56},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V45-4H74MBS-2/2/84cca6118e48d778f73c4e632185a34d},
	volume = {32},
	pages = {-131},

	keywords = {
		drag,
		force,
		jin,
		lattice, boltzmann,
		suns,
		suspension,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3924
@article{tardos0000slow,

	author = {Tardos, Gabriel I. and McNamara, Sean and Talu, Ilkay},
	title = {Slow and intermediate flow of a frictional bulk powder in the Couette geometry},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Most current research in the field of dry, non-aerated powder flows is directed toward rapid granular flows of large particles. Slow, frictional, dense flows of powders in the so-called quasi-static regime were also studied extensively using Soil Mechanics principles. The present paper describes the rheological behavior of powders in the \\tt"intermediate\\tt" regime lying between the slow and rapid flow regimes. Flows in this regime have direct industrial relevance. Such flows occur when powders move relative to solid walls in hoppers, bins and around inserts or are mixed in high and low shear mixers using moving paddles. A simple geometry that of a Couette device is used as a benchmark of more complicated flows.The constitutive equations derived by Schaeffer \\$[\\$J. Differ. Equ. 66 (1987) 19\\$]\\$ for slow, incompressible powder flows were used in a new approach proposed by Savage \\$[\\$J. Fluid Mech. 377 (1998) 1\\$]\\$ to describe flows in the intermediate regime. The theory is based on the assumption that both stress and strain-rate fluctuations are present in the powder. Using Savage's approach, we derive an expression for the average stress that reduces to the quasi-static flow limit when fluctuations go to zero while, in the limit of large fluctuations, a \\tt"liquid-like\\tt", \\tt"viscous\\tt" character is manifested by the bulk powder.An analytical solution of the averaged equations for the specific geometry of the Couette device is presented. We calculate both the velocity profile in the powder and the shear stress in the sheared layer and compare these results to experimental data. We show that normal stresses in the sheared layer depend linearly on depth (somewhat like in a fluid) and that the shear stress in the powder is shear rate dependent. We also find that the velocity of the powder in the vicinity of a rough, moving boundary, decays exponentially so that the flow is restricted to a small area adjacent to the wall. The width of this area is of the order of 10-13 particle diameters. In the limit of very small particles, this is tantamount to a shear band-type behavior near the wall.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391592},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-47W5NP0-1/2/b74bb3ab36a5923de4db45dd56b4d5bb},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, cell, couette, flow, granular, jin, powder, rheology, shear, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:56},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-47W5NP0-1/2/b74bb3ab36a5923de4db45dd56b4d5bb},
	volume = {131},
	pages = {23--39},

	keywords = {
		cell,
		couette,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		powder,
		rheology,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3925
@article{zhu0000averaging,

	author = {Zhu, H. P. and Yu, A. B.},
	title = {Averaging method of granular materials},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391591},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v66/e021302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {021302+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:56},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v66/e021302},
	volume = {66},
	pages = {021302+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3926
@article{glasser0000scale,

	author = {Glasser, B. J. and Goldhirsch, I.},
	title = {Scale dependence, correlations, and fluctuations of stresses in rapid granular flows},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391589},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/13/407/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, flow, fluctuation, granular, jin, molecule, separation, stress, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:56},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/13/407/1},
	volume = {13},
	pages = {407--420},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		flow,
		fluctuation,
		granular,
		jin,
		molecule,
		separation,
		stress,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 3927
@article{johansson0000experimental,

	author = {Johansson, K. and van Wachem, B. G. M. and Almstedt, A. E.},
	title = {Experimental validation of CFD models for fluidized beds: Influence of particle stress models, gas phase compressibility and air inflow models},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This work compares numerical simulations of fluid dynamics in fluidized beds using different closure models and air feed system models. The numerical results are compared to experiments by means of power spectral density distributions of fluctuating pressure signals and bubble statistics obtained from capacitance probe measurements. Two different particle rheology models are tested in combination with two different values of the maximum particle volume fraction. The first particle model predicts the particle pressure by an exponential power law and assumes a constant particle viscosity (CPV), and the second model predicts the stresses using the kinetic theory of granular flow (KTGF). Furthermore, two model approaches for the air inflow are evaluated. The first inflow model includes the coupling between the air-feed system and the fluidized bed in the simulation, and the second model assumes a constant mass flow of gas into the fluidized bed. Finally, the influence of the compressibility of the gas phase on the numerical predictions is investigated. The numerical simulations are made using the CFX-4.4 commercial flow solver.The simulations show that the KTGF model gives a more evenly distributed bubble flow profile over the bed cross-section, while the CPV model gives a more parabolic bubble flow profile, with a higher bubble flow in the central part of the bed. This work shows that the KTGF model results are in significantly better agreement with the experiments. It is furthermore shown that the modelling of the air-feed system is crucial to for predicting the overall bed dynamic behaviour.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391588},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4HMFJF3-1/2/c73c35564187306ad14387e5e00241f1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bubble, environment, flow, fluidization, hydrodynamics, jin, multiphase, statistics, suns, validation},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:56},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4HMFJF3-1/2/c73c35564187306ad14387e5e00241f1},
	volume = {61},
	pages = {-1717},

	keywords = {
		bubble,
		environment,
		flow,
		fluidization,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		multiphase,
		statistics,
		suns,
		validation,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3928
@article{montanero0000shear,

	author = {Montanero, Jose M. and Garzo, Vicente},
	title = {Shear viscosity for a heated granular binary mixture at low density},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391587},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:56},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {67},
	pages = {American Physical Society+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3929
@article{brey0000energy,

	author = {Brey, Javier J. and Ruiz-Montero, M. J. and Moreno, F.},
	title = {Energy Partition and Segregation for an Intruder in a Vibrated Granular System under Gravity},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391586},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v95/e098001},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, granular, jin, material, molecule, segregation, suns},
	number = {9},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:56},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v95/e098001},
	volume = {95},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		molecule,
		segregation,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3930
@article{brey0000hydrodynamic_1,

	author = {Brey, Javier J. and Dufty, James W.},
	title = {Hydrodynamic modes for a granular gas from kinetic theory},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391585},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e011303},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boltzmann, granular, jin, kinetics, material, navierstokes, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:56},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e011303},
	volume = {72},
	pages = {APS---16},

	keywords = {
		boltzmann,
		granular,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		material,
		navier, stokes,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3931
@article{corsi0000percolation,

	author = {Corsi, Andrea and Gujrati, P. D.},
	title = {Percolation of particles on recursive lattices using a nanoscale approach. I. Theoretical foundation at the atomic level},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391584},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e061121},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, particle, percolation, powder, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:56},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e061121},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---13},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		particle,
		percolation,
		powder,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3932
@article{borzsonyi0000rapid,

	author = {Borzsonyi, Tamas and Ecke, Robert E.},
	title = {Rapid granular flows on a rough incline: Phase diagram, gas transition, and effects of air drag},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391583},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e061301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, channel, drag, flow, granular, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:55},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e061301},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---9},

	keywords = {
		channel,
		drag,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3933
@article{hansch0000nobel,

	author = {Hansch, Theodor W.},
	title = {Nobel Lecture: Passion for precision},
	journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391582},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v78/p1297},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, atomic, hydrogen, infrared, jin, optics, spectrum, structure, suns, ultraviolet},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:55},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v78/p1297},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {APS---13},

	keywords = {
		atomic,
		hydrogen,
		infrared,
		jin,
		optics,
		spectrum,
		structure,
		suns,
		ultraviolet,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3934
@article{bi0000experimental,

	author = {Bi, Weitao and Delannay, Renaud and Richard, Patrick and Valance, Alexandre},
	title = {Experimental study of two-dimensional, monodisperse, frictional-collisional granular flows down an inclined chute},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391581},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/123302/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, distribution, flow, granular, instability, jin, rotation, shear, suns, temperature, visualization},
	number = {12},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:55},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/123302/1},
	volume = {18},
	pages = {AIP---14},

	keywords = {
		distribution,
		flow,
		granular,
		instability,
		jin,
		rotation,
		shear,
		suns,
		temperature,
		visualization,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3935
@article{bokkers0000mixing,

	author = {Bokkers, G. A. and van Sint Annaland, M. and Kuipers, J. A. M.},
	title = {Mixing and segregation in a bidisperse gas-solid fluidised bed: a numerical and experimental study},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In many industrial applications of dense gas-solid fluidised beds, mixing and segregation phenomena play a very important role. The extent of mixing and segregation is strongly influenced by the bubble characteristics. Therefore, the extent of mixing and segregation, induced by a single bubble injected in a monodisperse and bidisperse fluidised bed at incipient fluidisation conditions and in freely bubbling fluidised beds has been studied both with well-defined experiments and with a 3D Euler-Lagrangian model. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) was successfully applied to obtain the ensemble averaged particle velocity profile in the vicinity of the bubble in dense gas-solid fluidised systems.The bubble size of a single injected bubble in a fluidised bed at minimum fluidisation conditions calculated with a 3D discrete particle model (DPM) depended strongly on the selected gas-particle drag model. The widely used Ergun equation combined with the Wen and Yu \\$[\\$Powder Technol. 98 (1998) 38; Chem. Eng. Sci. 47 (1992) 1913\\$]\\$ relations overpredicted the bubble size due to an overprediction of the drag force. The DPM with the drag model proposed by Koch and Hill \\$[\\$Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 33 (2001) 619\\$]\\$, based on Lattice-Boltzmann simulations, gave much better agreement with the experimental findings.The segregation rates in a bidisperse freely bubbling fluidised bed predicted by the DPM agreed very well with the experimentally measured segregation rates by Goldschmidt \\$[\\$M.J.V. Goldschmidt, Hydrodynamic modelling of fluidised bed spray granulation, PhD thesis, Twente University, 2001\\$]\\$.},
	booktitle = {1st International Workshop on Granulation (Granulation across the length scales: linking microscopic experiments and models to real process operation)},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391580},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4BY3SD9-3/2/05cc7259b7607353344c7dda67a69ed9},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, discrete, fluidization, hydrodynamics, jin, model, particle, suns, velocimetry},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:55},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4BY3SD9-3/2/05cc7259b7607353344c7dda67a69ed9},
	volume = {140},
	pages = {-186},

	keywords = {
		discrete,
		fluidization,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		model,
		particle,
		suns,
		velocimetry,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3936
@article{beetstra0000numerical,

	author = {Beetstra, R. and van der Hoef, M. A. and Kuipers, J. A. M.},
	title = {Numerical study of segregation using a new drag force correlation for polydisperse systems derived from lattice-Boltzmann simulations},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Discrete particle simulations of a segregating system are performed using various drag relations and boundary conditions, and compared to experiments. The boundary conditions on the walls are found to have a large influence on the segregation behaviour of the fluidised bed, where no-slip conditions result in unrealistic flow patterns. A polydispersity factor, which was recently derived on the basis of lattice-Boltzmann (LBM) simulations, is found to have a major effect on the segregation velocity and the final degree of segregation. The best agreement with experimental results is obtained with drag relations that were recently proposed based on LBM-simulations in combination with the aforementioned polydispersity factor.},
	booktitle = {Fluidized Bed Applications},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391579},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4KT6GVC-1/2/4283931072cab2fecd5803fe9661643d},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boundary, discrete, drag, fluidization, force, jin, model, particle, segregation, suns},
	number = {1-2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:55},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4KT6GVC-1/2/4283931072cab2fecd5803fe9661643d},
	volume = {62},
	pages = {-255},

	keywords = {
		boundary,
		discrete,
		drag,
		fluidization,
		force,
		jin,
		model,
		particle,
		segregation,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3937
@article{deen0000review,

	author = {Deen, N. G. and Van Sint Annaland, M. and Van der Hoef, M. A. and Kuipers, J. A. M.},
	title = {Review of discrete particle modeling of fluidized beds},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This paper reviews the use of discrete particle models (DPMs) for the study of the flow phenomena prevailing in fluidized beds. DPMs describe the gas-phase as a continuum, whereas each of the individual particles is treated as a discrete entity. The DPMs accounts for the gas-particle and particle-particle interactions. This model is part of a multi-level modeling approach and has proven to be very useful to generate closure information required in more coarse-grained models. In this paper, a basic DPM, based on both the hard- and soft-sphere approaches is described. The importance of the closures for particle-particle and gas-particle interaction is demonstrated with several illustrative examples. Finally, an outlook for the use of DPMs for the investigation of various chemical engineering problems in the area of fluidization is given.},
	booktitle = {Fluidized Bed Applications},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391578},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4KPN46P-2/2/9439c26c0f1ed3443c6cb0b24f821e4c},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, discrete, fluidization, jin, model, multiscale, particle, suns},
	number = {1-2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:55},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4KPN46P-2/2/9439c26c0f1ed3443c6cb0b24f821e4c},
	volume = {62},
	pages = {-44},

	keywords = {
		discrete,
		fluidization,
		jin,
		model,
		multiscale,
		particle,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3938
@article{deen0000multiscale,

	author = {Deen, N. G. and van Sint Annaland, M. and Kuipers, J. A. M.},
	title = {Multi-scale modeling of dispersed gas-liquid two-phase flow},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In this work the concept of multi-scale modeling is demonstrated. The idea of this approach is to use different levels of modeling, each developed to study phenomena at a certain length scale. Information obtained at the level of small length scales can be used to provide closure information at the level of larger length scales. In this work the front tracking model is used to simulate the rise of a single bubble in a quiescent liquid and in a shear field. The results of the front tracking model are used to obtain coefficients for the drag, virtual mass and lift forces that are required in the Euler-Lagrange model used to study the behavior of dispersed gas-liquid flow on a larger scale. Finally, the Euler-Lagrange model, equipped with the correct closure information is used to simulate the flow in a square cross-sectioned bubble column. It is found that the results of the Euler-Lagrange model are in good agreement with experimental data.},
	booktitle = {Complex Systems and Multi-scale Methodology},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391577},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4C56M50-1/2/7955b7e5648dbf1c75918b80b2baf214},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bubble, eulerlagrange, flow, gasliquid, jin, model, multiscale, suns, tracking},
	number = {8-9},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:55},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4C56M50-1/2/7955b7e5648dbf1c75918b80b2baf214},
	volume = {59},
	pages = {-1861},

	keywords = {
		bubble,
		euler, lagrange,
		flow,
		gas, liquid,
		jin,
		model,
		multiscale,
		suns,
		tracking,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3939
@article{tan0000building,

	author = {Tan, H. S. and Goldschmidt, M. J. V. and Boerefijn, R. and Hounslow, M. J. and Salman, A. D. and Kuipers, J. A. M.},
	title = {Building population balance model for fluidized bed melt granulation: lessons from kinetic theory of granular flow},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The purpose of this paper is to develop a theoretically sound basis for the equi-partition of kinetic energy (EKE) kernel recently developed by our group to describe the evolution of granule size distributions in fluidized bed granulation. The approach taken is to show first by distinct element modelling that the statistics of fluctuating velocity and thus frequency of collisions are well described by the kinetic theory of granular flow (KTGF)--that is, Maxwellian in nature. It is then possible to use KTGF to show that the size dependence of the aggregation process should indeed be given by the EKE kernel and that the rate constant depends only on the granular temperature, the particle density, the radial distribution function and the efficiency of collisions.It is shown how the kernel developed can be used to describe the evolution of a granule size distribution when low-density sodium carbonate particles (Light Ash) are sprayed with polyethylene glycol.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391576},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4CP1453-1/2/5ecc4b1f767b1a079a67505cff4977ed},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, balance, bed, flow, fluidization, granular, jin, kinetics, melt, model, population, suns},
	number = {2-3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:55},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4CP1453-1/2/5ecc4b1f767b1a079a67505cff4977ed},
	volume = {142},
	pages = {-109},

	keywords = {
		balance,
		bed,
		flow,
		fluidization,
		granular,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		melt,
		model,
		population,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3940
@article{huilin0000investigation,

	author = {Huilin, Lu and Yunhua, Zhao and Ding, Jianmin and Gidaspow, Dimitri and Wei, Li},
	title = {Investigation of mixing/segregation of mixture particles in gas-solid fluidized beds},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A multi-fluid computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model based on kinetic theory of granular flow and Eulerian-Eulerian approach for binary mixture of particles was presented. The multi-fluid model with gas phase and two particle phases of either different particle sizes or densities is used to simulate flows in bubbling gas-solid fluidized beds. The flow behavior of particle mixing or separation in bubbling fluidized beds was numerically predicted. Details of particle collision information were obtained through tracing particle motions based on Eulerian-Lagrangian approach coupled with the discrete hard-sphere model. The distributions of volume fraction, velocity and granular temperature of particles of two different sizes or densities were obtained. The discrete hard-sphere modeling results quantified the granular temperatures, particle fluctuating velocities, particle phase stresses, as well as the particle shear viscosities. The simulations using both the multi-fluid model and the discrete hard-sphere model clearly indicate particle separation phenomenon in the fluidized beds, where relatively larger or heavier particles are observed near the bed bottom than at the bed top region while relatively smaller or lighter particles were found at bed top than at the bed bottom. Better particle mixing can be obtained by increasing the fluidizing velocity.},
	booktitle = {Fluidized Bed Applications},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391575},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4KRFV4D-5/2/ecd1407ddfface01e84187cb4d187ad9},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, binary, discrete, flow, granular, hardsphere, jin, kinetics, mixing, model, particle, suns},
	number = {1-2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:54},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4KRFV4D-5/2/ecd1407ddfface01e84187cb4d187ad9},
	volume = {62},
	pages = {-317},

	keywords = {
		binary,
		discrete,
		flow,
		granular,
		hard, sphere,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		mixing,
		model,
		particle,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3941
@book{fox0000computational,

	author = {Fox, Rodney O.},
	title = {Computational Models for Turbulent Reacting Flows},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	address = {Cambridge, United Kingdom},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391574},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:54},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Cambridge University Press+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3942
@article{subramaniam0000statistical_1,

	author = {Subramaniam, S.},
	title = {Statistical modeling of sprays using the droplet distribution function},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391573},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/13/624/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, drop, jin, probability, spray, statistics, suns, vaporisation},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:54},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/13/624/1},
	volume = {13},
	pages = {AIP---642},

	keywords = {
		drop,
		jin,
		probability,
		spray,
		statistics,
		suns,
		vaporisation,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3943
@article{subramaniam0000statistical_2,

	author = {Subramaniam, S.},
	title = {Statistical representation of a spray as a point process},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391572},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/12/2413/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, distribution, drop, flow, jin, model, multiphase, probability, spray, statistics, suns},
	number = {10},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:54},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/12/2413/1},
	volume = {12},
	pages = {AIP---2431},

	keywords = {
		distribution,
		drop,
		flow,
		jin,
		model,
		multiphase,
		probability,
		spray,
		statistics,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3944
@article{pandya0000kinetic,

	author = {Pandya, R. V. R. and Mashayek, F.},
	title = {Kinetic Equation for Particle Transport and Heat Transfer in Nonisothermal Turbulent Flows},
	journal = {AIAA Journal},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391571},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:54},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {41},
	pages = {-847},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3945
@article{peirano0000probabilistic,

	author = {Peirano, Eric and Minier, Jean-Pierre},
	title = {Probabilistic formalism and hierarchy of models for polydispersed turbulent two-phase flows},
	journal = {Phys. Rev. E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391570},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:54},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {65},
	pages = {American Physical Society+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3946
@article{zhu0000transport,

	author = {Zhu, M. and Bray, K. N. C. and Rumberg, O. and Rogg, B.},
	title = {PDF transport equations for two-phase reactive flows and sprays},
	journal = {Combustion and Flame},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {For two-phase flows, single-point and single-time (probability) density functions of jointly all liquid-phase and gas-phase dependent variables are defined. Corresponding transport equations are derived in which the terms concerning the local and instantaneous interaction between the two phases are in closed form. Generally an Eulerian formulation is used which, however, can straightforwardly be rewritten in Lagrangian form. For the special case of sprays, the density function transport equations are suitably adapted. In particular, for the particle or liquid phase, Williams' Spray Equation is recovered, and for the carrier or gaseous phase a density function transport equation with an interfacial source term is derived. The statistical description of two-phase flows developed here is valid for both laminar and turbulent flows, though for the latter generally some modeling will be required.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391569},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2B-40SFG26-8/2/6717df1006810401b34ee83f0af99784},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:54},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2B-40SFG26-8/2/6717df1006810401b34ee83f0af99784},
	volume = {122},
	pages = {-338},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3947
@proceedings{sun0000analysis,

	title = {Analysis of solid structures and stresses in a gas fluidized bed},
	year = {EMPTY},

	author = {Sun, Jin and Battaglia, Francine},
	booktitle = {American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Fluids Engineering Division (Publication) FED},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391568},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	old_pages = {37189},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:54},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {37189},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3948
@article{rajagopal0000modeling,

	author = {Rajagopal, K. R. and Srinivasa, A. R.},
	title = {Modeling anisotropic fluids within the framework of bodies with multiple natural configurations},
	journal = {Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This is a follow up of a paper on a thermodynamic framework for rate type models \\$[\\$J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 88 (2000) 207\\$]\\$ published in this journal. The previous paper used the notion that certain materials have multiple natural configurations and that their response can be characterized as a class of elastic responses from an evolving set of natural configurations, and used this framework to model the behavior of a class of visoelastic fluids that are isotropic with regard to their viscous as well as their elastic response. Here, we extend the framework to the modeling of anisotropic fluids. Anisotropic fluids are invariably modeled within the framework of director theories, and such theories require boundary conditions for the directors for the resolution of boundary value problems. Here, we present an approach to the modeling of anisotropic fluids, which is not a director theory; no balance laws for directors are posited nor is there a notion of a director body force, director (or cosserat) stress or director kinetic energy. Thus, the present approach does not require specifying any additional boundary conditions other than that usually specified for viscous fluids, even for flows that involve spatially inhomogeneous fields. Moreover, the framework is based on sound thermodynamical footing, the evolution of the natural configurations being determined by the rate of dissipation of the material. To delineate the efficacy of the theory, we solve a problem associated with a shearing flow of the fluid in which we discuss the tumbling and alignment of certain vectors that represent the axes of anisotropy of the fluid and which may be associated with rod-like structures in the fluid.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391567},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TGV-43DDKXM-2/2/27f087f1e30776144fb6fe1b5bde02cc},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, anisotropy, dissipation, fluid, jin, model, multiconfigurational, natural, rate, suns},
	number = {2-3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:53},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TGV-43DDKXM-2/2/27f087f1e30776144fb6fe1b5bde02cc},
	volume = {99},
	pages = {-124},

	keywords = {
		anisotropy,
		dissipation,
		fluid,
		jin,
		model,
		multiconfigurational,
		natural,
		rate,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3949
@article{rajagopal0000some,

	author = {Rajagopal, K. R. and Tao, L. and Chen, G. Q.},
	title = {Some issues in constitutive modeling},
	journal = {Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Some basic issues in constitutive modeling are examined. The first concerns the requirement of material frame indifference, the commonly used version is analyzed under the restriction that the effect of relativity is negligible. The second deals with the entropy production inequality in the modeling of large scale motions and the uncertainty involved in formulating such an inequality as a constraint in developing constitutive relations is discussed. Finally, the use of Lagrangian frames and reference configurations and related questions concerning the development of a constitutive model for turbulent flows of a fluid, on the basis of laminar flows of that fluid, is discussed.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391566},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6X3D-47RJCFD-1/2/86945f8f3232399b5dd53d4c67ad8617},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, entropy, jin, material, model, motion, scale, suns, turbulence},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:53},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6X3D-47RJCFD-1/2/86945f8f3232399b5dd53d4c67ad8617},
	volume = {9},
	pages = {-312},

	keywords = {
		entropy,
		jin,
		material,
		model,
		motion,
		scale,
		suns,
		turbulence,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3950
@article{jop0000crucial,

	author = {Jop, Pierre and Forterre, Yo\"{e}l and Pouliquen, Olivier},
	title = {Crucial role of sidewalls in granular surface flows: consequences for the rheology},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391565},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:53},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {541},
	pages = {-192},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3951
@article{andersen0000analysis,

	author = {Andersen, A. and Pesavento, U. and Wang, Z. Jane},
	title = {Analysis of transitions between fluttering, tumbling and steady descent of falling cards},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391564},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:53},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {541},
	pages = {-104},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3952
@article{andersen0000unsteady,

	author = {Andersen, A. and Pesavento, U. and Wang, Z. Jane},
	title = {Unsteady aerodynamics of fluttering and tumbling plates},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391563},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:53},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {541},
	pages = {-90},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3953
@article{sinha0000robust,

	author = {Sinha, Sitabhra and Sinha, Sudeshna},
	title = {Robust emergent activity in dynamical networks},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391562},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e066117},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, jin, nonlinearity, random, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:53},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e066117},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---5},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		jin,
		nonlinearity,
		random,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3954
@article{biely0000statistical,

	author = {Biely, Christoly and Thurner, Stefan},
	title = {Statistical mechanics of scale-free networks at a critical point: Complexity without irreversibility?},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391561},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e066116},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, irreversible, jin, mechanics, point, socioeconomic, statistics, suns, thermodynamics},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:52},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e066116},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---5},

	keywords = {
		irreversible,
		jin,
		mechanics,
		point,
		socioeconomic,
		statistics,
		suns,
		thermodynamics,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3955
@article{pesavento0000falling,

	author = {Pesavento, Umberto and Wang, Z. Jane},
	title = {Falling Paper: Navier-Stokes Solutions, Model of Fluid Forces, and Center of Mass Elevation},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391560},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v93/e144501},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, aerodynamics, flow, jin, navierstokes, separation, suns, velocity, vortex},
	number = {14},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:52},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v93/e144501},
	volume = {93},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		aerodynamics,
		flow,
		jin,
		navier, stokes,
		separation,
		suns,
		velocity,
		vortex,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3956
@article{bazant0000theory,

	author = {Bazant, Martin Z.},
	title = {A Theory of Cooperative Diffusion in Dense Granular Flows},
	journal = {Condensed Matter},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391559},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.citebase.org/abstract?id=oai:arXiv.org:cond-mat/0307379},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:52},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.citebase.org/abstract?id=oai:arXiv.org:cond-mat/0307379},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 3957
@article{silbert0000boundary,

	author = {Silbert, Leonardo E. and Grest, Gary S. and Plimpton, Steven J. and Levine, Dov},
	title = {Boundary effects and self-organization in dense granular flows},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391558},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/14/2637/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, flow, granular, jin, laminar, molecule, suns, transition, turbulence},
	number = {8},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:52},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/14/2637/1},
	volume = {14},
	pages = {AIP---2646},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		laminar,
		molecule,
		suns,
		transition,
		turbulence,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3958
@article{aste0000local,

	author = {Aste, T. and Saadatfar, M. and Senden, T. J.},
	title = {Local and global relations between the number of contacts and density in monodisperse sphere packs},
	journal = {Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The topological structure resulting from the network of contacts between grains (<I>contact network</I>) is studied for large samples of monosized spheres with densities (fraction of volume occupied by the spheres) ranging from 0.59 to 0.64. We retrieve the coordinates of each bead in the pack and we calculate the average coordination number by using three different methods. We show that, in the range of density investigated, the coordination number is larger than four and it increases with the packing fraction. At local level we also observe a positive correlation between local packing fraction and number of neighbours. We discover a dependence between the local densities of configurations with few neighbours in contact and the global sample densities. This might indicate that local configurations with small numbers of neighbours are able to deform plastically when the sample is compactifying.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391557},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {07},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:52},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {2006},
	pages = {-P07010},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3959
@article{pouliquen0000flow,

	author = {Pouliquen, O. and Cassar, C. and Jop, P. and Forterre, Y. and Nicolas, M.},
	title = {Flow of dense granular material: towards simple constitutive laws},
	journal = {Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Recent experiments and numerical simulations of dry granular flows suggest that a simple rheological description in terms of a friction coefficient varying both with shear rate and pressure through a dimensionless inertial number may be sufficient to capture the major properties of granular flows. In this paper we first present the empirical constitutive laws and their interpretation using dimensional analysis, before analysing the prediction for different flow configurations. The successes and limits of the approach are discussed based on comparison with recent studies.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391556},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {07},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:52},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {2006},
	pages = {-P07020},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3960
@article{garciarojo0000transport,

	author = {Garcia-Rojo, Ramon and Luding, Stefan and Brey, Javier J.},
	title = {Transport coefficients for dense hard-disk systems},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391555},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e061305},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, conduction, elasticity, heat, jin, selfdiffusion, suns, viscosity},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:52},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e061305},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---11},

	keywords = {
		conduction,
		elasticity,
		heat,
		jin,
		selfdiffusion,
		suns,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3961
@article{sun0000dynamics,

	author = {Sun, Jin and Battaglia, Francine and Subramaniam, Shankar},
	title = {Dynamics and structures of segregation in a dense, vibrating granular bed},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391554},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e061307},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, dynamics, flow, fluid, fluidization, granular, jin, molecule, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:52},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e061307},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---13},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		dynamics,
		flow,
		fluid,
		fluidization,
		granular,
		jin,
		molecule,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3962
@article{richardson0000sedimentation,

	author = {Richardson, J. F. and Zaki, W. N.},
	title = {Sedimentation and fluidisation: part I},
	journal = {Trans. Instn. Chem. Engrs.},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391553},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:52},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {32},
	pages = {-53},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3963
@article{wu0000hypoplastic,

	author = {Wu, Wei and Bauer, Erich and Kolymbas, Dimitrios},
	title = {Hypoplastic constitutive model with critical state for granular materials},
	journal = {Mechanics of Materials},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This paper presents a hypoplastic constitutive model for the three-dimensional nonlinear stress-strain and dilatant volume change behavior of granular materials. The model is based on nonlinear tensorial functions and is developed without recourse to the concepts of elasto-plasticity theory such as yield surface, plastic potential, flow and hardening rules and decomposition of deformation into elastic and plastic parts. The material constants in the model can be identified with triaxial compression tests. The effect of void ratio and stress level on the behavior of granular materials is accounted for by integrating the critical state into the constitutive equation. It is shown that the model is applicable to both initial and fully developed plastic deformation of granular materials, and many well established concepts in soil mechanics, which are otherwise entirely independent, can be unified with the constitutive model. Simulations of various elementary tests, including oedometer, triaxial and simple shear tests, show that the model is capable of capturing the salient behavior of granular materials under monotonic as well as cyclic loading.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391552},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TX6-3VR9XFF-4/2/6b3a08df15638397f7876e80f94ed205},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:52},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TX6-3VR9XFF-4/2/6b3a08df15638397f7876e80f94ed205},
	volume = {23},
	pages = {-69},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3964
@article{maxey0000equation,

	author = {Maxey, Martin R. and Riley, James J.},
	title = {Equation of motion for a small rigid sphere in a nonuniform flow},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391551},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PFL/26/883/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, fluid, force, jin, motion, sphere, stokes, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:52},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PFL/26/883/1},
	volume = {26},
	pages = {AIP---889},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		fluid,
		force,
		jin,
		motion,
		sphere,
		stokes,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3965
@article{oefelein0000toward,

	author = {Oefelein, Joseph C. and Schefer, Robert W. and Barlow, Robert S.},
	title = {Toward Validation of Large Eddy Simulation for Turbulent Combustion},
	journal = {AIAA Journal},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391550},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:52},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {44},
	pages = {-433},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3966
@article{menon0000subgrid,

	author = {Menon, Suresh and Patel, Nayan},
	title = {Subgrid Modeling for Simulation of Spray Combustion in Large-Scale Combustors},
	journal = {AIAA Journal},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391549},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:52},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {44},
	pages = {-723},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3967
@article{moin0000largeeddy,

	author = {Moin, P. and Apte, S. V.},
	title = {Large-Eddy Simulation of Realistic Gas Turbine Combustors},
	journal = {AIAA Journal},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391548},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:52},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {44},
	pages = {-708},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3968
@proceedings{reveillon0000analysis,

	title = {Analysis and modeling of the dispersion of vaporizing polydispersed sprays in turbulent flows},
	year = {EMPTY},

	author = {Reveillon, J. and Massot, M. and Pera, C.},
	booktitle = {Proceeding for summer program (Center for Turbulence Research)},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391547},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:52},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 3969
@article{dufour0000secondorder,

	author = {Dufour, G. and Villedieu, P.},
	title = {A Second-order multi-fluid model for evaporating sprays},
	journal = {Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Analysis},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The aim of this paper is to present a method using both the ideas of sectional approach and moment methods in order to accurately simulate evaporation phenomena in gas-droplets flows. Using the underlying kinetic interpretation of the sectional method \\$[\\$Y. Tambour, Combust. Flame 60 (1985) 15-28\\$]\\$ exposed in \\$[\\$F. Laurent and M. Massot, Combust. Theory Model. 5 (2001) 537-572\\$]\\$, we propose an extension of this approach based on a more accurate representation of the droplet size number density in each section ensuring the exact conservation of two moments (as opposed to only one moment used in the classical approach). A corresponding second-order numerical scheme, with respect to space and droplet size variables, is also introduced and can be proved to be positive and to satisfy a maximum principle on the velocity and the mean droplet mass under a suitable CFL-like condition. Numerical simulations have been performed and the results confirm the accuracy of this new method even when a very coarse mesh for the droplet size variable (i.e.: a low number of sections) is used. {\\copyright}EDP Sciences, SMAI 2005.},
	address = {Laboratoire MIP, Universite? Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex, France},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391546},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-26844573554&#38;partner=40&#38;rel=R5.0.4},
	comment = {Export Date: 29 November 2006, Source: Scopus | Cited By (since 1996): 1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, evaporation, jin, moment, multifluid, spray, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:52},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-26844573554&#38;partner=40&#38;rel=R5.0.4},
	volume = {39},
	pages = {-963},

	keywords = {
		evaporation,
		jin,
		moment,
		multifluid,
		spray,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3970
@article{laurent0000accurate,

	author = {Laurent, F. and Santoro, V. and Noskov, M. and Smooke, M. D. and Gomez, A. and Massot, M.},
	title = {Accurate treatment of size distribution effects in polydisperse spray diffusion flames: Multi-fluid modelling, computations and experiments},
	journal = {Combustion Theory and Modelling},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {An Eulerian multi-fluid model is validated by comparison with experimental measurements in the test case of laminar spray counterflow diffusion flames. Special attention is devoted, both from the modelling and experimental point of view, to the treatment of the droplet distribution tail, characterized by the rare occurrence of relatively large droplets carrying a non-negligible amount of mass. The Eulerian multi-fluid approach is shown to capture the dynamics, evaporation and heating of the droplets with a limited number of sections and, thus, at a modest cost. This simplification will be essential for the use of multi-fluid methods in multi-dimensional problems. {\\copyright}2004 IOP Publishing Ltd.},
	address = {CNRS-MAPLY, Lab. Mathematiques Appliquees Lyon, UMR 5585, Villeurbanne Cedex 69622, France},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391545},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-3142774449&#38;partner=40&#38;rel=R5.0.4},
	comment = {Export Date: 29 November 2006, Source: Scopus | Cited By (since 1996): 2},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:52},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-3142774449&#38;partner=40&#38;rel=R5.0.4},
	volume = {8},
	pages = {-412},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3971
@article{mahesh0000numerical,

	author = {Mahesh, K. and Constantinescu, G. and Moin, P.},
	title = {A numerical method for large-eddy simulation in complex geometries},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We discuss the development of a numerical algorithm, and solver capable of performing large-eddy simulation in the very complex geometries often encountered in industrial applications. The algorithm is developed for unstructured hybrid grids, is non-dissipative, yet robust at high Reynolds numbers on highly skewed grids. Simulation results for a variety of flows are presented.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391544},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4BHVBV5-7/2/99e875e92b731868c75557ffec2edfef},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, combustion, energy, gasturbine, geometry, jin, suns, unstructured},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:52},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4BHVBV5-7/2/99e875e92b731868c75557ffec2edfef},
	volume = {197},
	pages = {-240},

	keywords = {
		combustion,
		energy,
		gasturbine,
		geometry,
		jin,
		suns,
		unstructured,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3972
@article{dally0000instantaneous,

	author = {Dally, B. B. and Masri, A. R. and Barlow, R. S. and Fiechtner, G. J.},
	title = {Instantaneous and Mean Compositional Structure of Bluff-Body Stabilized Nonpremixed Flames},
	journal = {Combustion and Flame},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Turbulent nonpremixed flames stabilized on an axisymmetric bluff-body burner are studied with fuels ranging from simple H2/CO to complex H2/CH4 and gaseous methanol. The fuel-jet velocity is varied to investigate the Damkohler number effects on gas emissions, localized extinction (LE) in the neck zone, and the structure of the recirculation zone dependency on the flow field. Simultaneous, single-point measurements of temperature, major species, OH, and NO are made using the Raman/Rayleigh/Laser induced fluorescence (LIF) technique. The data are collected at different axial and radial locations along the full length of most flames and are presented in the form of ensemble means, root-mean-square (rms) fluctuations, scatter plots, and probability density functions (PDF). It is found that up to three mixing layers may exist in the recirculation zone, one on the air side of the outer vortex, one between the inner and the outer vortices, and one between the fuel jet and the inner vortex. With increasing jet momentum flux, the average mixture in the outer vortex loses its strength and the stoichiometric contour shifts closer to the fuel jet. The decay rate of the mixture fraction on the centerline exhibits similar trends to the ordinary jet flame downstream of the recirculation zone whereas different trends are found inside the recirculation zone. The laminar flame computations with constant mass diffusivities and Lewis number (Le) = 1 are found to be better guides for the measured temperature and stable species mass fraction in the turbulent flames. The measured peak mass fractions of CO and H2 are similar to those reported earlier for pilot-stabilized flames of similar fuels. Compared with laminar flame compositions with equal diffusivities and Le = 1.0, measured CO may be in superflamelet concentration. Hydroxyl radical and H2 are found not to be in superflamelet levels contrary to earlier findings in piloted flames. The start of LE and the bimodality of the conditional PDF are consistent with those reported earlier for piloted flames of similar fuels.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391543},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2B-3VN2NB4-8/2/34f5fc1c1624f29ac92081780b327fe5},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1-2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:52},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2B-3VN2NB4-8/2/34f5fc1c1624f29ac92081780b327fe5},
	volume = {114},
	pages = {-148},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3973
@article{sbalzarini0000highly,

	author = {Sbalzarini, I. F. and Walther, J. H. and Bergdorf, M. and Hieber, S. E. and Kotsalis, E. M. and Koumoutsakos, P.},
	title = {PPM - A highly efficient parallel particle-mesh library for the simulation of continuum systems},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This paper presents a highly efficient parallel particle-mesh (PPM) library, based on a unifying particle formulation for the simulation of continuous systems. In this formulation, the grid-free character of particle methods is relaxed by the introduction of a mesh for the reinitialization of the particles, the computation of the field equations, and the discretization of differential operators. The present utilization of the mesh does not detract from the adaptivity, the efficient handling of complex geometries, the minimal dissipation, and the good stability properties of particle methods.The coexistence of meshes and particles, allows for the development of a consistent and adaptive numerical method, but it presents a set of challenging parallelization issues that have hindered in the past the broader use of particle methods. The present library solves the key parallelization issues involving particle-mesh interpolations and the balancing of processor particle loading, using a novel adaptive tree for mixed domain decompositions along with a coloring scheme for the particle-mesh interpolation.The high parallel efficiency of the library is demonstrated in a series of benchmark tests on distributed memory and on a shared-memory vector architecture. The modularity of the method is shown by a range of simulations, from compressible vortex rings using a novel formulation of smooth particle hydrodynamics, to simulations of diffusion in real biological cell organelles.The present library enables large scale simulations of diverse physical problems using adaptive particle methods and provides a computational tool that is a viable alternative to mesh-based methods.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391541},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4HYV0CW-2/2/4a8899736df4fd178510dfc046936226},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, hydrodynamics, jin, parallel, particle, particlemesh, smoothness, suns, vortex},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:51},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4HYV0CW-2/2/4a8899736df4fd178510dfc046936226},
	volume = {215},
	pages = {-588},

	keywords = {
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		parallel,
		particle,
		particle, mesh,
		smoothness,
		suns,
		vortex,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3974
@article{hieber0000lagrangian,

	author = {Hieber, Simone E. and Koumoutsakos, Petros},
	title = {A Lagrangian particle level set method},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We present a novel particle level set method for capturing interfaces. The level set equation is solved in a Lagrangian frame using particles that carry the level set information. A key aspect of the method involves a consistent remeshing procedure for the regularization of the particle locations when the particle map gets distorted by the advection field. The Lagrangian description of the level set method is inherently adaptive and exact in the case of solid body motions. The efficiency and accuracy of the method is demonstrated in several benchmark problems in two and three dimensions involving pure advection and curvature induced motion of the interface. The simplicity of the particle description is shown to be well suited for real time simulations of surfaces involving cutting and reconnection as in virtual surgery environments.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391540},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4GDK8XK-1/2/215a905a38da484883b671d4b64fa440},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, interface, jin, lagrange, level, particle, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:51},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4GDK8XK-1/2/215a905a38da484883b671d4b64fa440},
	volume = {210},
	pages = {-367},

	keywords = {
		interface,
		jin,
		lagrange,
		level,
		particle,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3975
@article{werder0000hybrid,

	author = {Werder, Thomas and Walther, Jens H. and Koumoutsakos, Petros},
	title = {Hybrid atomistic-continuum method for the simulation of dense fluid flows},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We present a hybrid atomistic-continuum method for multiscale simulations of dense fluids. In this method, the atomistic part is described using a molecular dynamics description, while the continuum flow is described by a finite volume discretization of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. The two descriptions are combined in a domain decomposition formulation using the Schwarz alternating method. A novel method has been proposed in order to impose non-periodic velocity boundary conditions from the continuum to the atomistic domain, based on an effective boundary potential, consistent body forces, a particle insertion algorithm and specular walls. The extraction of velocity boundary conditions for the continuum from the atomistic domain is formulated by taking into account the associated statistical errors. The advantages and drawbacks of the proposed Schwarz decomposition method as compared to related flux-based schemes are discussed. The efficiency and applicability of the method is demonstrated by considering hybrid and full molecular dynamics simulations of the flow of a Lennard-Jones fluid past a carbon nanotube.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391539},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4F3FSD4-2/2/d84bbc251eb1f01231067e6eccd1063c},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, jin, molecule, multiscale, nanofluidics, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:50},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4F3FSD4-2/2/d84bbc251eb1f01231067e6eccd1063c},
	volume = {205},
	pages = {-390},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		jin,
		molecule,
		multiscale,
		nanofluidics,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3976
@article{chaniotis0000remeshed,

	author = {Chaniotis, A. K. and Poulikakos, D. and Koumoutsakos, P.},
	title = {Remeshed Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics for the Simulation of Viscous and Heat Conducting Flows},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We present an extension of the classical scheme of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) for the accurate handling of diffusion terms in the momentum and energy equation of viscous and heat conducting flows. A key aspect of the present SPH approach is the periodic reinitialization (remeshing) of the particle locations, which are being distorted by the flow map. High-order moment conserving kernels are being implemented for this remeshing procedure leading to accurate simulations. The accuracy of the proposed SPH methodology is tested for a number of benchmark problems involving flow and energy transport. The results demonstrate that the proposed SPH methodology is capable of DNS quality simulations while maintaining its robustness and adaptivity.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391538},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-481662C-4/2/8a298832b2f5ca34d12faf44c56c0b05},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:50},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-481662C-4/2/8a298832b2f5ca34d12faf44c56c0b05},
	volume = {182},
	pages = {-90},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3977
@article{raman0000eulerian,

	author = {Raman, V. and Pitsch, H. and Fox, R. O.},
	title = {Eulerian transported probability density function sub-filter model for large-eddy simulations of turbulent combustion},
	journal = {Combustion theory and modelling},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Reactive flow simulations using large-eddy simulations (LES) require modelling of sub-filter fluctuations. Although conserved scalars like mixture fraction can be represented using a beta-function, the reactive scalar probability density function (PDF) does not follow an universal shape. A one-point one-time joint composition PDF transport equation can be used to describe the evolution of the scalar PDF. The high-dimensional nature of this PDF transport equation requires the use of a statistical ensemble of notional particles and is directly coupled to the LES flow solver. However, the large grid sizes used in LES simulations will make such Lagrangian simulations computationally intractable. Here we propose the use of a Eulerian version of the transported-PDF scheme for simulating turbulent reactive flows. The direct quadrature method of moments (DQMOM) uses scalar-type equations with appropriate source terms to evolve the sub-filter PDF in terms of a finite number of delta-functions. Each delta-peak is characterized by a location and weight that are obtained from individual transport equations. To illustrate the feasibility of the scheme, we compare the model against a particle-based Lagrangian scheme and a presumed PDF model for the evolution of the mixture fraction PDF. All these models are applied to an experimental bluff-body flame and the simulated scalar and flow fields are compared with experimental data. The DQMOM model results show good agreement with the experimental data as well as the other sub-filter models used.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391537},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:50},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {10},
	pages = {-458},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3978
@article{pitsch0000consistent_1,

	author = {Pitsch, H.},
	title = {A consistent level set formulation for large-eddy simulation of premixed turbulent combustion},
	journal = {Combustion and Flame},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A consistent formulation of the G-equation approach for LES is developed. The unfiltered G equation is valid only at the instantaneous flame front location. Hence, in a filtering procedure applied to derive the appropriate LES equation, only the instantaneous unfiltered flame surface can be considered. A new filter kernel is provided, which averages along the flame surface. The filter kernel is used to derive the G equation for the filtered flame front location. This equation has two unclosed terms, involving a flame front conditional averaged flow velocity, and a filtered propagation term. A model for the conditional velocity is derived, expressing this quantity in terms of the Favre-filtered flow velocity, which is typically known from a flow solver. This model leads to the appearance of a density ratio in the propagation term of the G equation. LES of combustion in the thin reaction zones regime is discussed in the LES regime diagram. A new line is identified separating the thin reaction zones regime into two parts, where the broadened flame thickness is larger and smaller than the filter size, respectively. A model for the propagation term is provided. This leads to a term including the subfilter turbulent burning velocity and an additional term proportional to the resolved flame front curvature. For the former, an algebraic model is provided from an equation for the subfilter flame front wrinkling. The latter term depends on the inverse of the subfilter Damkohler number and disappears in the corrugated flamelets regime.},
	booktitle = {Special Issue to Honor Professor Robert W. Bilger on the Occasion of His Seventieth Birthday},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391536},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2B-4HD8BG2-1/2/092dcbd1792cc55cd66b386bf15bd361},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, combustion, jin, level, premixed, regime, suns, turbulence},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:50},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2B-4HD8BG2-1/2/092dcbd1792cc55cd66b386bf15bd361},
	volume = {143},
	pages = {-598},

	keywords = {
		combustion,
		jin,
		level,
		premixed,
		regime,
		suns,
		turbulence,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3979
@article{hong0000development,

	author = {Hong, Sangjin and Wooldridge, Margaret S. and Im, Hong G. and Assanis, Dennis N. and Pitsch, Heinz},
	title = {Development and application of a comprehensive soot model for 3D CFD reacting flow studies in a diesel engine},
	journal = {Combustion and Flame},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A three-dimensional reacting flow modeling approach is presented for diesel engine studies that can be used for predictions of trends in soot emissions for a wide range of operating conditions. The modeling framework employs skeletal chemistry for n-heptane for ignition and combustion, and links acetylene chemistry to the soot nucleation process. The soot model is based on integration and modification of existing submodels for soot nucleation, agglomeration, oxidation, and surface growth. With the optimized modeling parameters, the simulations agree well with results of high-pressure shock tube studies of rich n-heptane mixtures, reproducing the trends for soot mass over a range of temperature and pressure conditions (T=1550-2050\\$[\\$x00a0\\$]\\$K, P=20, 40, and 80 MPa). Engine simulation results for soot mass are in excellent agreement with diesel engine smoke number measurements over a range of injection timings (-11\\$[\\$x00b0\\$]\\$ ATDC-2.4\\$[\\$x00b0\\$]\\$ ATDC) and two exhaust gas recirculation levels (16 and 26-27\%). The model results demonstrate that correct description of the soot formation, as well as the soot transport processes, is critical for achieving reliable predictive capabilities in engine simulations.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391535},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2B-4GSBGXY-1/2/ee0b820e0ff5cf0714df316168a58e9b},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, emission, engine, jin, model, soot, suns},
	number = {1-2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:50},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2B-4GSBGXY-1/2/ee0b820e0ff5cf0714df316168a58e9b},
	volume = {143},
	pages = {-26},

	keywords = {
		emission,
		engine,
		jin,
		model,
		soot,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3980
@article{raman0000hybrid,

	author = {Raman, Venkatramanan and Pitsch, Heinz and Fox, Rodney O.},
	title = {Hybrid large-eddy simulation/Lagrangian filtered-density-function approach for simulating turbulent combustion},
	journal = {Combustion and Flame},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A consistent hybrid large-eddy simulation/filtered-density-function approach (LES-FDF) is formulated for variable-density low-Mach-number flows. The LES-FDF approach has been proposed as a suitable method for finite-rate-chemistry-based predictive modeling of turbulent reactive flows. Due to the large computational grid associated with LES, use of Lagrangian schemes is numerically expensive. In this work, a highly efficient parallel Lagrangian implementation is used for the simulation of a nonpremixed flame. This bluff-body-stabilized flame is characterized by complex flow fields that interact strongly with the combustion mechanism. A LES grid size of 1 million computational cells and roughly 15 million notional particles is used to simulate a time-accurate variable-density flow. The hybrid approach predicts the time-averaged velocity and root mean square (RMS) velocity components quite accurately. Species profiles including hydroxyl radical compare well with experimental data. Consistency and accuracy are established by comparing particle and Eulerian density, mixture fraction, and RMS mixture fraction fields. Scalar FDFs at select locations are shown to be well approximated by the presumed beta function used in typical combustion LES.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391534},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2B-4H2PJS2-1/2/075036afc13ec0c9cac1c7152d199016},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1-2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:50},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2B-4H2PJS2-1/2/075036afc13ec0c9cac1c7152d199016},
	volume = {143},
	pages = {-78},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3981
@article{raman0000largeeddy,

	author = {Raman, Venkatramanan and Pitsch, Heinz},
	title = {Large-eddy simulation of a bluff-body-stabilized non-premixed flame using a recursive filter-refinement procedure},
	journal = {Combustion and Flame},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A large-eddy simulation (LES) of a bluff-body-stabilized flame has been carried out using a new strategy for LES grid generation. The recursive filter-refinement procedure (RFRP) has been used to generate optimized clustering for variable density combustion simulations. A methane-hydrogen fuel-based bluff-body-stabilized experimental configuration has been simulated using state-of-the-art LES algorithms and subfilter models. The combustion chemistry is described using a precomputed, laminar flamelet model-based look-up table. The GRI-2.11 mechanism is used to build the look-up table parameterized by mixture fraction and scalar dissipation rate. A beta function is used for the subfilter mixture fraction filtered density function (FDF). The simulations show good agreement with experimental data for the velocity field. Time-averaged profiles of major species and temperature are very well reproduced by the simulation. The mixture fraction profiles show excellent agreement at all locations, which helps in understanding the validity of flamelet assumption for this flame. The results indicate that LES computations are able to quantitatively predict the flame structure quite accurately using the laminar flamelet model. Simulations tend to corroborate experimental evidence that local extinction is not significant for this flame.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391533},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2B-4G39G8V-3/2/56513ee6272e778252e50e3ad35f5c71},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, combustion, filtration, flame, flow, jin, model, recursive, refinement, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:50},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2B-4G39G8V-3/2/56513ee6272e778252e50e3ad35f5c71},
	volume = {142},
	pages = {-347},

	keywords = {
		combustion,
		filtration,
		flame,
		flow,
		jin,
		model,
		recursive,
		refinement,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3982
@article{liu0000effects,

	author = {Liu, Shiling and Hewson, John C. and Chen, Jacqueline H. and Pitsch, Heinz},
	title = {Effects of strain rate on high-pressure nonpremixed n-heptane autoignition in counterflow},
	journal = {Combustion and Flame},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The effect of steady strain on the transient autoignition of n-heptane at high pressures is studied numerically with detailed chemistry and transport in a counterflow configuration. Skeletal and reduced n-heptane mechanisms are developed and validated against experiments over a range of pressure and stoichiometries. Two configurations are investigated using the skeletal mechanism. First, the effect of strain rate on multistage n-heptane ignition is studied by imposing a uniform temperature for both the fuel and the oxidizer streams. Second, a temperature gradient between the fuel and the oxidizer streams is imposed. The global effect of strain on ignition is captured by a Damkohler number based on either the heat-release rate or the characteristic chain-branching rate. Results show that for low to moderate strain rates, both the low- and intermediate-temperature chemistries evolve in a manner comparable to that in homogeneous systems, including the negative temperature coefficient regime, but with somewhat slower evolution attributable to diffusive losses. At high strain rates diffusive losses inhibit ignition; for two-stage ignition, it is found that ignition is inhibited during the second, intermediate-temperature stage. The imposition of an overall temperature gradient further inhibits ignition because reaction zones for key branching reactions with large activation energies are narrowed. For a fixed oxidizer stream temperature that is not sufficiently high, a higher fuel temperature results in a shorter ignition delay provided that the heptyl radicals are mainly oxidized by low-temperature chemistry. As expected, an increase in pressure significantly increases reaction rates and reduces ignition delay time. However, with increasing pressure there is a shift toward single-stage low-temperature-dominated ignition which serves to delay ignition.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391532},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2B-4BXDMFS-1/2/e49ebc00a53c8ff0e55683f1871f070b},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, autoignition, counterflow, jin, nheptane, nonpremixed, strain, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:50},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2B-4BXDMFS-1/2/e49ebc00a53c8ff0e55683f1871f070b},
	volume = {137},
	pages = {-339},

	keywords = {
		autoignition,
		counterflow,
		jin,
		nheptane,
		nonpremixed,
		strain,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3983
@article{seshadri0000asymptotic_1,

	author = {Seshadri, K. and Bai, X. S. and Pitsch, H.},
	title = {Asymptotic structure of rich methane-air flames},
	journal = {Combustion and Flame},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The asymptotic structure of unstrained, laminar, fuel-rich, premixed methane flame is analyzed by using a reduced chemical-kinetic mechanism made up of three global steps. Analysis is carried out for values of equivalence ratio greater than 1.3. The flame structure is presumed to comprise three zones: an inert preheat zone, a thin reaction zone, and a post-flame zone. In contrast to previous asymptotic analyses of lean flames and moderately rich flames, where the reaction zone of these flames was presumed to be made up of two layers, for rich flames analyzed here all chemical reaction are presumed to take place in one layer. The structure of the reaction zone of rich flames is obtained by integrating two second order ordinary differential equations, one giving the consumption of fuel and the other the consumption of oxygen. For values of equivalence ratio greater than 1.3, burning velocities obtained from the asymptotic analysis are found to agree reasonably well with those obtained using a chemical-kinetic mechanism made up of elementary reactions.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391531},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2B-44PX8KP-8/2/a259dc59f80e2a56359c2fb9074c6c5a},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:50},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2B-44PX8KP-8/2/a259dc59f80e2a56359c2fb9074c6c5a},
	volume = {127},
	pages = {-2277},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3984
@article{pitsch0000unsteady,

	author = {Pitsch, Heinz},
	title = {Unsteady flamelet modeling of differential diffusion in turbulent jet diffusion flames},
	journal = {Combustion and Flame},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {An unsteady flamelet model, which will be called the Lagrangian Flamelet Model, has been applied to a steady, turbulent CH4/H2/N2-air diffusion flame. The results have been shown to be in reasonable agreement with experimental data for axial velocity, mixture fraction, species mass fractions, and temperature. The application of three different chemical mechanisms leads to the promising conclusion that the state-of-the-art mechanisms yield almost identical results. To explain the still remaining differences from the experimental data, the effects of differential diffusion are discussed. Three possible mechanisms leading to differential diffusion are proposed: Firstly, the occurrence of a laminar mixing layer in a region very close to the nozzle exit; secondly, the molecular diffusivity being of the same order of magnitude as the turbulent eddy diffusivity; thirdly, a typical length scale of the mixing layer thickness being smaller than the small turbulent eddies leading to a laminar sublayer. By investigating the computational results for the considered configuration, the first mechanism has been concluded to be the only possibility. Further calculations have been performed, which account for differential diffusion by assuming the flow to be laminar very close to the nozzle and switching to unity Lewis numbers downstream of the potential core. The results lead to a significant improvement of the agreement to experimental data. It can be shown from the computational results and the experimental data that the differential diffusion effects arise from this laminar region. However, even though the Lewis numbers are assumed to be unity throughout the remaining part of the flow field these differential diffusion effects remain to a certain extent, even in the far downstream region, affecting for instance the centerline temperature by approximately 100 K. This demonstrates that differential diffusion can cause a strong history effect in turbulent jet diffusion flames.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391530},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2B-41CP369-5/2/c27aed7ea0f44deda5f9114b65bccd41},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:50},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2B-41CP369-5/2/c27aed7ea0f44deda5f9114b65bccd41},
	volume = {123},
	pages = {-374},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3985
@article{pitsch0000consistent_2,

	author = {Pitsch, H. and Peters, N.},
	title = {A Consistent Flamelet Formulation for Non-Premixed Combustion Considering Differential Diffusion Effects},
	journal = {Combustion and Flame},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A flamelet formulation for non-premixed combustion that allows an exact description of differential diffusion has been developed. The main difference to previous formulations is the definition of a mixture fraction variable, which is not related directly to any combination of the reactive scalars, but defined from the solution of a conservation equation with an arbitrary diffusion coefficient and appropriate boundary conditions. Using this definition flamelet equations with the mixture fraction as the independent coordinate are derived without any assumptions about the Lewis numbers for chemical species. The formulation is shown to be exact if the scalar dissipation rate is prescribed as a function of the mixture fraction. Different approximations of the scalar dissipation rate that had been derived from analytic solutions for special cases are investigated by varying the diffusion coefficient of the mixture fraction transport equation. As examples, counterflow flames of hydrogen and n-heptane, which have much larger and much smaller diffusivities than oxygen and nitrogen, are considered. It is shown that the use of equal thermal and mixture fraction diffusivities yields a sufficiently well-described flame structure and is therefore recommended for the definition of the mixture fraction diffusion coefficient. Finally, the possibility of using constant species Lewis numbers has been examined. It has been found that once an appropriate set of Lewis numbers is determined, good results are achieved over wide ranges of the parameters, such as scalar dissipation rate, pressure, and oxidizer temperature.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391529},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2B-3VN2NB4-3/2/e3720565bbd420ce2074b868dceb07dd},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1-2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:50},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2B-3VN2NB4-3/2/e3720565bbd420ce2074b868dceb07dd},
	volume = {114},
	pages = {-40},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3986
@article{seshadri0000asymptotic_2,

	author = {Seshadri, K. and Bai, X. S. and Pitsch, H. and Peters, N.},
	title = {Asymptotic Analysis of the Structure of Moderately Rich Methane-Air Flames},
	journal = {Combustion and Flame},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The asymptotic structure of laminar, moderately rich, premixed methane flames is analyzed using a reduced chemical-kinetic mechanism comprising four global reactions. This reduced mechanism is different from those employed in previous asymptotic analyses of stoichiometric and lean flames, because a steady-state approximation is not introduced for CH3. The aim of the present analysis is to develop an asymptotic model for rich flames, which can predict the rapid decrease of the burning velocity with increasing equivalence ratio \\$[\\$phi\\$]\\$. In the analysis, the flame structure is presumed to consist of three zones: a preheat zone with a normalized thickness of the order of unity, a thin reaction zone, and a postflame zone. The preheat zone is presumed to be chemically inert, and in the postflame zone the products are in chemical equilibrium and the temperature is equal to the adiabatic flame temperature Tb. In the reaction zone the chemical reactions are presumed to take place in two layers: the inner layer and the oxidation layer. The rate constants of these reactions are evaluated at T0, which is the characteristic temperature at the inner layer. In the inner layer the dominant reactions taking place are those between the fuel and radicals, and between CH3 and the radicals. An important difference between the structure of the inner layer of rich flames and that of lean flames analyzed previously is the enhanced influence of the chain-breaking reaction CH3 + H + (M) --> CH4 + (M) in rich flames. Here M represents any third body. This reaction decreases the concentration of H radicals, which in turn decreases the values of the burning velocity. In the oxidation layer of rich flames, the reactive-diffusive balance of O2 is considered. This differs from the structure of the oxidation layer of lean flames where the reactive-diffusive balance of H2 and CO was of primary interest. The burning velocities calculated using the results of the asymptotic analysis agree reasonably well with the burning velocities calculated numerically using chemical-kinetic mechanisms made up of elementary reactions. The values of the characteristic temperature at the inner layer T0 are found to increase with increasing values of the equivalence ratio and to approach Tb at \\$[\\$phi\\$]\\$ = 1.36. When T0 is very close to Tb, the asymptotic analysis developed here is no longer valid and an alternative asymptotic analysis must be developed for even larger equivalence ratios.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391528},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2B-3YRWJK8-D/2/116a4cbf7a94057789facb2ddc79c4d5},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:50},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2B-3YRWJK8-D/2/116a4cbf7a94057789facb2ddc79c4d5},
	volume = {113},
	pages = {-602},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3987
@article{heinz2007unified,

	author = {Heinz, Stefan},
	title = {Unified turbulence models for LES and RANS, FDF and PDF simulations},
	journal = {Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics},
	year = {2007},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391527},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00162-006-0036-8},
	doi = {10.1007/s00162-006-0036-8},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:50},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00162-006-0036-8},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
	},

}

ref_id = 3988
@article{pitsch2006largeeddy,

	author = {Pitsch, Heinz},
	title = {LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION OF TURBULENT COMBUSTION},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2006},

	abstract = {Large-eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent combustion is a relatively new research field. Much research has been carried out over the past years, but to realize the full predictive potential of combustion LES, many fundamental questions still have to be addressed, and common practices of LES of nonreacting flows revisited. The focus of the present review is to highlight the fundamental differences between Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) and LES combustion models for nonpremixed and premixed turbulent combustion, to identify some of the open questions and modeling issues for LES, and to provide future perspectives.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391526},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.38.050304.092133},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.fluid.38.050304.092133},
	doi = {10.1146/annurev.fluid.38.050304.092133},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:49},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.fluid.38.050304.092133},
	volume = {38},
	pages = {-482},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3989
@article{galvin0000role,

	author = {Galvin, J. E. and Dahl, S. R. and Hrenya, C. M.},
	title = {On the role of non-equipartition in the dynamics of rapidly flowing granular mixtures},
	journal = {J. Fluid Mech.},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391525},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:49},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {528},
	pages = {-232},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3990
@article{ying0000phase,

	author = {Ying, Lexing and Candes, Emmanuel J.},
	title = {The phase flow method},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391524},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4K8SC7P-3/2/69817ef334b00c049b9a525c5d4decba},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, euler, flow, geometry, hamilton, interpolation, jin, lagrange, map, optics, phase, propagation, ray, suns, time, wave},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:49},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4K8SC7P-3/2/69817ef334b00c049b9a525c5d4decba},
	volume = {220},
	pages = {-215},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		euler,
		flow,
		geometry,
		hamilton,
		interpolation,
		jin,
		lagrange,
		map,
		optics,
		phase,
		propagation,
		ray,
		suns,
		time,
		wave,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3991
@article{williams0000spray,

	author = {Williams, F. A.},
	title = {Spray Combustion and Atomization},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391523},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PFL/1/541/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:49},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PFL/1/541/1},
	volume = {1},
	pages = {AIP---545},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3992
@article{laurent0000eulerian,

	author = {Laurent, Frederique and Massot, Marc and Villedieu, Philippe},
	title = {Eulerian multi-fluid modeling for the numerical simulation of coalescence in polydisperse dense liquid sprays},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In this paper, we present a new Eulerian multi-fluid modeling for dense sprays of evaporating liquid droplets which is able to describe droplet coalescence and size polydispersion as well as the associated size-conditioned dynamics. It is an uncommon feature of Eulerian spray models which are required in a number of non-stationary simulations because of the optimization capability of a solver coupling a Eulerian description for both phases. The chosen framework is the one of laminar flows or the one of direct numerical simulations since no turbulence models are included in the present study. The model is based on a rigorous derivation from the kinetic level of description (p.d.f. equation) and can be considered as a major extension of the original sectional method introduced by Tambour et al. We obtain a set of conservation equations for each \\tt"fluid\\tt": a statistical average of all the droplets in given size intervals associated to a discretization of the size phase space. The coalescence phenomenon appears as quadratic source terms, the coefficients of which, the collisional integrals, can be pre-calculated from a given droplet size discretization and do not depend on space nor time. We validate this Eulerian model by performing several comparisons, for both stationary and non-stationary cases, to a classical Lagrangian model which involves a stochastic algorithm in order to treat the coalescence phenomenon. The chosen configuration is a self-similar 2D axisymmetrical decelerating nozzle with evaporating sprays having various size distributions, ranging from smooth ones up to Dirac delta functions through discontinuous ones. We show that the Eulerian model, if the discretization in the size phase space is fine enough (the problem is then 3D unstationary, 2D in space and 1D in size), is able to reproduce very accurately the non-stationary coupling of evaporation, dynamics and coalescence. Moreover, it can still reproduce the global features of the behavior of the spray with a coarse size discretization, which is a nice feature compared to Lagrangian approaches. The computational efficiency of both approaches are then compared and the Eulerian model is proved to be a good candidate for more complex and realistic configurations.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391522},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4B0P7GB-2/2/4da42338c1947bba379b506155fb91c6},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:49},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4B0P7GB-2/2/4da42338c1947bba379b506155fb91c6},
	volume = {194},
	pages = {-543},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3993
@article{darmana0000parallelization,

	author = {Darmana, D. and Deen, N. G. and Kuipers, J. A. M.},
	title = {Parallelization of an Euler-Lagrange model using mixed domain decomposition and a mirror domain technique: Application to dispersed gas-liquid two-phase flow},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We report a parallel algorithm applicable to a Euler-Lagrange model embedding four-way coupling. The model describing the dispersed phase dynamics accounts for bubble-bubble collisions and is parallelized using a mirror domain technique while the pressure Poisson equation for the continuous phase is solved using a domain decomposition technique implemented in the PETSc library \\$[\\$S. Balay, K. Buschelman, W.D. Gropp, D. Kaushik, M.G. Knepley, L.C. McInnes, B.F. Smith, H. Zhang, PETSc Web page: http://www.mcs.anl.gov/petsc, 2001\\$]\\$. The parallel algorithm is verified and it is found that it gives the same results for both phases as compared to the serial algorithm. Furthermore the algorithm shows good scalability up to 32 processors. Using the proposed method, a homogeneous bubbly flow in a laboratory scale bubble column can be simulated at very high gas hold-up (37\%) while consuming a reasonable amount of calculation wall time.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391521},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4KBVX4N-1/2/15361dc752688b2ee41b27bd8086033b},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bubble, coalescence, collision, discrete, dynamics, fluid, interaction, jin, model, parallel, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:49},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4KBVX4N-1/2/15361dc752688b2ee41b27bd8086033b},
	volume = {220},
	pages = {-248},

	keywords = {
		bubble,
		coalescence,
		collision,
		discrete,
		dynamics,
		fluid,
		interaction,
		jin,
		model,
		parallel,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3994
@article{efendiev0000accurate,

	author = {Efendiev, Y. and Ginting, V. and Hou, T. and Ewing, R.},
	title = {Accurate multiscale finite element methods for two-phase flow simulations},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In this paper we propose a modified multiscale finite element method for two-phase flow simulations in heterogeneous porous media. The main idea of the method is to use the global fine-scale solution at initial time to determine the boundary conditions of the basis functions. This method provides a significant improvement in two-phase flow simulations in porous media where the long-range effects are important. This is typical for some recent benchmark tests, such as the SPE comparative solution project \\$[\\$M. Christie, M. Blunt, Tenth spe comparative solution project: a comparison of upscaling techniques, SPE Reser. Eval. Eng. 4 (2001) 308-317\\$]\\$, where porous media have a channelized structure. The use of global information allows us to capture the long-range effects more accurately compared to the multiscale finite element methods that use only local information to construct the basis functions. We present some analysis of the proposed method to illustrate that the method can indeed capture the long-range effect in channelized media.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391520},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4KCHDB4-1/2/3ca6c86fb840dfc96c048f9fd4584ead},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, multiscale, suns, twophase, upscaling, volume},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:49},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4KCHDB4-1/2/3ca6c86fb840dfc96c048f9fd4584ead},
	volume = {220},
	pages = {-174},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		multiscale,
		suns,
		twophase,
		upscaling,
		volume,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3995
@article{rembold0000multiblock,

	author = {Rembold, B. and Jenny, P.},
	title = {A multiblock joint PDF finite-volume hybrid algorithm for the computation of turbulent flows in complex geometries},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A new hybrid joint probability density function (JPDF) solution algorithm for turbulent flows in complex 3D geometries is presented. The main focus is to demonstrate the applicability of JPDF methods for complex flows as observed in industrial applications. All elements of the algorithm are explained in detail and extensive validation studies are presented. A multiblock finite-volume solver, capable of handling globally unstructured, locally structured grids, was implemented together with a Lagrangian particle method. Efficient and robust particle management and accurate schemes for estimation and interpolation of particle statistics have been developed. For numerical efficiency particle sub-time stepping and an implicit finite-volume solver are applied. A fast coupling strategy was developed together with a multigrid method that allows very fast convergence on refined grids. Comparison with an established JPDF code for a bluff-body stabilized flow shows very good agreement. Furthermore, robustness and consistency of the algorithm for turbulent flow simulations with complex geometry is demonstrated.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391519},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4K7NHWP-2/2/dd7add8dc0836dc57f0229e04bbfc380},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, geometry, jin, model, montecarlo, multiblock, particle, pdf, suns, turbulence},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:49},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4K7NHWP-2/2/dd7add8dc0836dc57f0229e04bbfc380},
	volume = {220},
	pages = {-87},

	keywords = {
		geometry,
		jin,
		model,
		montecarlo,
		multiblock,
		particle,
		pdf,
		suns,
		turbulence,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3996
@article{fevrier0000partitioning,

	author = {Fevrier, Pierre and Simonin, Olivier and Squires, Kyle D.},
	title = {Partitioning of particle velocities in gas-solid turbulent flows into a continuous field and a spatially uncorrelated random distribution: theoretical formalism and numerical study},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391518},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:49},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {533},
	pages = {-46},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3997
@article{matharoo0000structural,

	author = {Matharoo, Gurpreet S. and Razul, M. S. Gulam and Poole, Peter H.},
	title = {Structural and dynamical heterogeneity in a glass-forming liquid},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391517},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e050502},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, glass, jin, liquid, structure, suns, transition},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:49},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e050502},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		glass,
		jin,
		liquid,
		structure,
		suns,
		transition,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3998
@article{arcidiacono0000simulation,

	author = {Arcidiacono, S. and Mantzaras, J. and Ansumali, S. and Karlin, I. V. and Frouzakis, C. and Boulouchos, K. B.},
	title = {Simulation of binary mixtures with the lattice Boltzman method},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391516},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e056707},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boltzmann, diffusion, hydrodynamics, jin, lattice, maxwell, mixing, navierstokes, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:49},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e056707},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---10},

	keywords = {
		boltzmann,
		diffusion,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		lattice,
		maxwell,
		mixing,
		navier, stokes,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 3999
@article{singer0000modeling,

	author = {Singer, Michael A. and Pope, Stephen B. and Najm, Habib N.},
	title = {Modeling unsteady reacting flow with operator splitting and ISAT},
	journal = {Combustion and Flame},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We examine the utility of in situ adaptive tabulation (ISAT) for the simulation of two-dimensional unsteady laminar reacting flow. The numerical scheme used to solve the low-Mach-number reacting flow equations is an operator-split projection scheme which incorporates ISAT by a Strang subsplitting procedure. The scheme is parallelized using a combination of OpenMP and MPI. ISAT is used for the pure reaction substeps, while convection and diffusion are treated explicitly by a stabilized Runge-Kutta method. We apply the scheme to a two-dimensional problem involving a laminar premixed methane-air flame interacting with a counterrotating vortex pair using detailed GRIMech3.0 chemical kinetics. Computational performance is examined; we observe an overall speed-up factor due to ISAT of approximately 2.5-3.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391515},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2B-4KSVG6S-1/2/11a36b788049f45b5f30a9485f711a17},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flame, flamevortex, interaction, isat, jin, premixed, rungekutta, splitting, suns},
	number = {1-2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:49},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2B-4KSVG6S-1/2/11a36b788049f45b5f30a9485f711a17},
	volume = {147},
	pages = {-162},

	keywords = {
		flame,
		flame, vortex,
		interaction,
		isat,
		jin,
		premixed,
		runge, kutta,
		splitting,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4000
@article{goddard0000dissipative_2,

	author = {Goddard, J. D.},
	title = {A dissipative anisotropic fluid model for non-colloidal particle dispersions},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391514},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:48},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {568},
	pages = {-17},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4001
@article{gray0000particlesize,

	author = {Gray, J. M. N. T. and Chugunov, V. A.},
	title = {Particle-size segregation and diffusive remixing in shallow granular avalanches},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391513},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:48},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {569},
	pages = {-398},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4002
@article{goto0000selfsimilar,

	author = {Goto, Susumu and Vassilicos, J. C.},
	title = {Self-similar clustering of inertial particles and zero-acceleration points in fully developed two-dimensional turbulence},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391512},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/115103/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, fractal, jin, suns, turbulence, twophase, vortex},
	number = {11},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:47},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/115103/1},
	volume = {18},
	pages = {AIP---10},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		fractal,
		jin,
		suns,
		turbulence,
		twophase,
		vortex,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4003
@article{sagaut0000finitevolume,

	author = {Sagaut, P. and Ciardi, M.},
	title = {A finite-volume variational multiscale method coupled with a discrete interpolation filter for large-eddy simulation of isotropic turbulence and fully developed channel flow},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391511},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/115101/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, channel, flow, interpolation, jin, suns, turbulence, variational, volume},
	number = {11},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:47},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/115101/1},
	volume = {18},
	pages = {AIP---15},

	keywords = {
		channel,
		flow,
		interpolation,
		jin,
		suns,
		turbulence,
		variational,
		volume,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4004
@article{viswanathan0000comparison,

	author = {Viswanathan, H. and Wildman, R. D. and Huntley, J. M. and Martin, T. W.},
	title = {Comparison of kinetic theory predictions with experimental results for a vibrated three-dimensional granular bed},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391510},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/113302/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, distribution, dynamics, flow, fluid, fluidization, granular, heat, jin, kinetics, rarefied, suns, temperature, transfer},
	number = {11},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:46},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/113302/1},
	volume = {18},
	pages = {AIP---11},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		distribution,
		dynamics,
		flow,
		fluid,
		fluidization,
		granular,
		heat,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		rarefied,
		suns,
		temperature,
		transfer,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4005
@article{trevino2006dynamical,

	author = {Trevino, George and Andreas, Edgar L.},
	title = {Dynamical Implications of Block Averaging},
	journal = {Boundary-Layer Meteorology},
	year = {2006},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391509},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10546-006-9060-x},
	doi = {10.1007/s10546-006-9060-x},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:46},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10546-006-9060-x},
	volume = {V120},
	pages = {-508},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4006
@proceedings{kaufmann0000dynamics,

	title = {Dynamics and dispersion in Eulerian-Eulerian DNS of two-phase flows},
	year = {EMPTY},

	author = {Kaufmann, A. and Simonin, O. and Poinsot and Helie, J.},
	booktitle = {Proceeding for summer program (Center for Turbulence Research)},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391508},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:46},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4007
@proceedings{fox0000lagrangian,

	title = {Lagrangian PDF mixing models for reacting flows},
	year = {EMPTY},

	author = {Fox, R. O. and Cha, Chong M. and Trouillet, Philippe},
	booktitle = {Proceeding for summer program (Center for Turbulence Research)},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391507},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:46},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4008
@proceedings{pozorski0000filtered,

	title = {Filtered particle tracking for dispersed two-phase turbulent flows},
	year = {EMPTY},

	author = {Pozorski, J. and Apte, S. V. and Raman, V.},
	booktitle = {Proceeding for summer program (Center for Turbulence Research)},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391506},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:46},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4009
@proceedings{coyajee0000simulation,

	title = {Simulation of dispersed two-phase flow using a coupled Volume-of-Fluid/Level-Set method},
	year = {EMPTY},

	author = {Coyajee, E. R. A. and Herrmann, M. and Boersma, B. J.},
	booktitle = {Proceeding for summer program (Center for Turbulence Research)},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391505},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:46},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4010
@proceedings{goldin0000constructed,

	title = {A constructed FDF Model for fast CFD with realistic chemistry},
	year = {EMPTY},

	author = {Goldin, G. M. and Raman, V.},
	booktitle = {Proceeding for summer program (Center for Turbulence Research)},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391504},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:46},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4011
@proceedings{lu0000lesfdfisat,

	title = {LES/FDF/ISAT compuations of turbulent flames},
	year = {EMPTY},

	author = {Lu, L. and Ren, Z. and Raman, V. and Pope, S. B. and Pitsch, H.},
	booktitle = {Proceeding for summer program (Center for Turbulence Research)},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391503},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:46},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4012
@proceedings{oberai0000transfer,

	title = {Transfer of energy in the variational multiscale formulation of LES},
	year = {EMPTY},

	author = {Oberai, A. and Gravemeier, V. and Burton, G.},
	booktitle = {Proceeding for summer program (Center for Turbulence Research)},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391502},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:46},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4013
@article{yeung2002lagrangian,

	author = {Yeung, P. K.},
	title = {LAGRANGIAN INVESTIGATIONS OF TURBULENCE},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2002},

	abstract = {A Lagrangian description of turbulence has unique physical advantages that are especially important in studies of mixing and dispersion. We focus on fundamental aspects, using mainly data from direct numerical simulations capable of great detail and precision when specific accuracy requirements are met. Differences between time evolution in Eulerian and Lagrangian frames illustrate the dominance of advective transport. We examine basic results in Kolmogorov similarity, giving an estimate of an inertial-range universal constant and the grid resolution and Reynolds number needed to attain the requisite scaling range of time lags. The Lagrangian statistics of passive scalars are discussed in view of current efforts in model development, with differential diffusion between multiple scalars being characterized by shorter timescales. We also note the need for new data in more complex flows and in other applications where a Lagrangian viewpoint is especially useful.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391501},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.34.082101.170725},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.fluid.34.082101.170725},
	doi = {10.1146/annurev.fluid.34.082101.170725},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:46},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.fluid.34.082101.170725},
	volume = {34},
	pages = {-142},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4014
@article{raman0000lesfiltered,

	author = {Raman, V. and Pitsch, H.},
	title = {LES/Filtered Density Function simulation of turbulent combustion with detailed chemistry},
	journal = {Annual Research Briefs (Center for turbulence research)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391500},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:46},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {-309},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4015
@article{moureau0000efficient,

	author = {Moureau, V. and Berat, C. and Pitsch, H.},
	title = {An efficient semi-implicit compressible solver for large-eddy simulations},
	journal = {Annual Research Briefs (Center for turbulence research)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391498},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	old_pages = {55},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:46},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {55},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4016
@article{sahimi0000flow,

	author = {Sahimi, Muhammad},
	title = {Flow phenomena in rocks: from continuum models to fractals, percolation, cellular automata, and simulated annealing},
	journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391497},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:46},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {65},
	pages = {-1534},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4017
@unpublished{orpe0000velocity,

	author = {Orpe, Ashish V. and Kudrolli, Arshad},
	title = {Velocity correlations in dense granular flows observed with internal imaging},
	comment = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391496},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:46},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4018
@article{siavoshi0000failure,

	author = {Siavoshi, Saloome and Kudrolli, Arshad},
	title = {Failure of a granular step},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391495},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v71/e051302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, convection, diffusion, grain, granular, jin, material, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:46},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v71/e051302},
	volume = {71},
	pages = {APS---6},

	keywords = {
		convection,
		diffusion,
		grain,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4019
@article{volfson0000anisotropydriven,

	author = {Volfson, Dmitri and Kudrolli, Arshad and Tsimring, Lev S.},
	title = {Anisotropy-driven dynamics in vibrated granular rods},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391494},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v70/e051312},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, friction, granular, jin, material, montecarlo, phase, plate, rod, sliding, slip, structure, suns, vibration},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:46},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v70/e051312},
	volume = {70},
	pages = {APS---12},

	keywords = {
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		montecarlo,
		phase,
		plate,
		rod,
		sliding,
		slip,
		structure,
		suns,
		vibration,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4020
@article{choi0000diffusion,

	author = {Choi, Jaehyuk and Kudrolli, Arshad and Rosales, Rodolfo R. and Bazant, Martin Z.},
	title = {Diffusion and Mixing in Gravity-Driven Dense Granular Flows},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391493},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v92/e174301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, diffusion, flow, granular, jin, suns},
	number = {17},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:46},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v92/e174301},
	volume = {92},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		diffusion,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4021
@article{blair0000collision,

	author = {Blair, Daniel L. and Kudrolli, A.},
	title = {Collision statistics of driven granular materials},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391492},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v67/e041301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, collision, granular, jin, material, mechanics, oscillation, statistics, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:45},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v67/e041301},
	volume = {67},
	pages = {APS---12},

	keywords = {
		collision,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		mechanics,
		oscillation,
		statistics,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_DUPLICATE_TITLE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4022
@article{blair0000vortices,

	author = {Blair, Daniel L. and Neicu, T. and Kudrolli, A.},
	title = {Vortices in vibrated granular rods},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391491},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v67/e031303},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, formation, granular, jin, nucleation, pattern, suns, vibration, vortex},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:45},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v67/e031303},
	volume = {67},
	pages = {APS---6},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		formation,
		granular,
		jin,
		nucleation,
		pattern,
		suns,
		vibration,
		vortex,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4023
@article{blair0000clustering,

	author = {Blair, Daniel L. and Kudrolli, A.},
	title = {Clustering transitions in vibrofluidized magnetized granular materials},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391490},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v67/e021302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, fluid, fluidization, granular, jin, magnetic, material, nucleation, particle, suns, vibration},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:45},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v67/e021302},
	volume = {67},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		fluid,
		fluidization,
		granular,
		jin,
		magnetic,
		material,
		nucleation,
		particle,
		suns,
		vibration,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4024
@article{blair0000velocity,

	author = {Blair, Daniel L. and Kudrolli, A.},
	title = {Velocity correlations in dense granular gases},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391489},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v64/e050301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	old_pages = {050301+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:45},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v64/e050301},
	volume = {64},
	pages = {050301+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4025
@article{samadani0000segregation,

	author = {Samadani, Azadeh and Kudrolli, A.},
	title = {Segregation Transitions in Wet Granular Matter},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391488},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v85/p5102},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {24},
	old_pages = {5102+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:45},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v85/p5102},
	volume = {85},
	pages = {5102+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4026
@article{kudrolli0000nongaussian,

	author = {Kudrolli, A. and Henry, J.},
	title = {Non-Gaussian velocity distributions in excited granular matter in the absence of clustering},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical Physics, Plasmas, Fluids, and Related Interdisciplinary Topics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391487},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v62/pR1489},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, hardcopyluding, jin, material, mechanics, optics, rotation, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:45},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v62/pR1489},
	volume = {62},
	pages = {APS---R1492},

	keywords = {
		granular,
		hardcopyluding,
		jin,
		material,
		mechanics,
		optics,
		rotation,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4027
@article{campbell0000granular_1,

	author = {Campbell, Charles S.},
	title = {Granular material flows - An overview},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The paper attempts to give a critical overview of the field of granular flow with attention both to the history and the underlying physics that govern the field. It starts with a discussion of the basic transport mechanisms in a granular flow. It continues with a discussion of contact mechanics - the way that individual particles see each other mechanically. It then discusses the historical limiting regimes of granular flow, the Quasistatic and the Rapid-Flow regimes. Finally, it concludes with a review of the Elastic picture of granular flow, which both unifies the Quasistatic and Rapid regimes and fills in the intervening space. It shows that the rheological behavior of granular systems changes with system scale constraints, and, in particular, that the materials behave differently under controlled-stress and controlled-concentration conditions. The Elastic model defines an entire flowmap of granular flow and thus allows one to place boundaries on where the Quasistatic and Rapid-Flow models (sometimes called kinetic theory models) are something of a red herring and cannot be applied to common granular flows.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391486},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4JCCJWX-1/2/2bf1edbe155c758ce586570765602596},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, granular, jin, mechanism, quasistatic, rapidflow, regime, suns, transport},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:45},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4JCCJWX-1/2/2bf1edbe155c758ce586570765602596},
	volume = {162},
	pages = {-229},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		mechanism,
		quasistatic,
		rapid, flow,
		regime,
		suns,
		transport,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4028
@article{chu0000electrochemical,

	author = {Chu, Kevin T. and Bazant, Martin Z.},
	title = {Electrochemical Thin Films at and above the Classical Limiting Current},
	journal = {SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391485},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?SMM/65/1485/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boundary, electrochemistry, jin, poissonnernstplanck, polarographic, reaction, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:45},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?SMM/65/1485/1},
	volume = {65},
	pages = {SIAM---1505},

	keywords = {
		boundary,
		electrochemistry,
		jin,
		poisson, nernst, planck,
		polarographic,
		reaction,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4029
@article{chu0000nonlinear,

	author = {Chu, Kevin T. and Bazant, Martin Z.},
	title = {Nonlinear electrochemical relaxation around conductors},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391484},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e011501},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, conduction, diffusion, electrochemistry, electrokinetic, electrolyte, jin, suns, surface},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:44},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e011501},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---25},

	keywords = {
		conduction,
		diffusion,
		electrochemistry,
		electrokinetic,
		electrolyte,
		jin,
		suns,
		surface,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4030
@article{siavoshi0000friction,

	author = {Siavoshi, Saloome and Orpe, Ashish V. and Kudrolli, Arshad},
	title = {Friction of a slider on a granular layer: Nonmonotonic thickness dependence and effect of boundary conditions},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391483},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e010301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:44},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e010301},
	volume = {73},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4031
@article{losert0000velocity,

	author = {Losert, W. and Cooper, D. G. W. and Delour, J. and Kudrolli, A. and Gollub, J. P.},
	title = {Velocity statistics in excited granular media},
	journal = {Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391482},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?CHA/9/682/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, chaos, distribution, flow, granular, jin, material, statistics, suns, vibration},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:44},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?CHA/9/682/1},
	volume = {9},
	pages = {AIP---690},

	keywords = {
		chaos,
		distribution,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		statistics,
		suns,
		vibration,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4032
@article{kudrolli0000cluster,

	author = {Kudrolli, A. and Wolpert, M. and Gollub, J. P.},
	title = {Cluster Formation due to Collisions in Granular Material},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391481},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v78/p1383},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {7},
	old_pages = {1383+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:44},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v78/p1383},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {1383--1386},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 4033
@article{nasuno0000friction,

	author = {Nasuno, S. and Kudrolli, A. and Gollub, J. P.},
	title = {Friction in Granular Layers: Hysteresis and Precursors},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391480},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v79/p949},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, hardcopyluding, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	old_pages = {949+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:44},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v79/p949},
	volume = {79},
	pages = {949+},

	keywords = {
		hardcopyluding,
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4034
@article{losert0000propagating,

	author = {Losert, W. and Cooper, D. G. W. and Gollub, J. P.},
	title = {Propagating front in an excited granular layer},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391479},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v59/p5855},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	old_pages = {5855+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:44},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v59/p5855},
	volume = {59},
	pages = {5855},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 4035
@article{losert0000particle,

	author = {Losert, W. and Bocquet, L. and Lubensky, T. C. and Gollub, J. P.},
	title = {Particle Dynamics in Sheared Granular Matter},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391478},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v85/p1428},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {7},
	old_pages = {1428+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:44},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v85/p1428},
	volume = {85},
	pages = {1428+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4036
@article{losert0000mechanisms,

	author = {Losert, W. and Geminard and Nasuno, S. and Gollub, J. P.},
	title = {Mechanisms for slow strengthening in granular materials},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391477},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v61/p4060},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	old_pages = {4060+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:44},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v61/p4060},
	volume = {61},
	pages = {4060+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4037
@article{voth0000ordered,

	author = {Voth, Greg A. and Bigger, B. and Buckley, M. R. and Losert, W. and Brenner, M. P. and Stone, H. A. and Gollub, J. P.},
	title = {Ordered Clusters and Dynamical States of Particles in a Vibrated Fluid},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391476},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v88/e234301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {23},
	old_pages = {234301+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:44},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v88/e234301},
	volume = {88},
	pages = {234301+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4038
@article{geminard0000frictional,

	author = {Geminard, Jean-Christophe and Losert, Wolfgang and Gollub, Jerry P.},
	title = {Frictional mechanics of wet granular material},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391475},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v59/p5881},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	old_pages = {5881+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:44},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v59/p5881},
	volume = {59},
	pages = {5881+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4039
@article{tsai0000internal,

	author = {Tsai and Voth, G. A. and Gollub, J. P.},
	title = {Internal Granular Dynamics, Shear-Induced Crystallization, and Compaction Steps},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391474},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v91/e064301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, crystallization, flow, granular, jin, material, rheology, shear, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:44},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v91/e064301},
	volume = {91},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		crystallization,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		rheology,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4040
@article{thomas0000structures,

	author = {Thomas, Charles C. and Gollub, J. P.},
	title = {Structures and chaotic fluctuations of granular clusters in a vibrated fluid layer},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391473},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v70/e061305},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, chaos, dynamics, flow, fluctuation, granular, jin, nonlinearity, probability, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:44},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v70/e061305},
	volume = {70},
	pages = {APS---9},

	keywords = {
		chaos,
		dynamics,
		flow,
		fluctuation,
		granular,
		jin,
		nonlinearity,
		probability,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4041
@article{kalitzin0000toward,

	author = {Kalitzin, G. and Iaccarino, G.},
	title = {Toward immersed boundary simulation of high Reynolds number flows},
	journal = {Annual Research Briefs (Center for turbulence research)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391472},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:42},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4042
@article{young0000turbulent,

	author = {Young, Y. N. and Ferziger, J. and Ham, F. E. and Herrmann, M.},
	title = {Turbulent mixing of multiphase flow},
	journal = {Annual Research Briefs (Center for turbulence research)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391471},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:42},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4043
@article{raman0000quadrature,

	author = {Raman, V. and Pitsch and Fox, R. O.},
	title = {Quadrature moments method for the simulation of turbulent reactive flows},
	journal = {Annual Research Briefs (Center for turbulence research)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391470},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:42},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4044
@article{apte0000eulerianlagrangian,

	author = {Apte, S. V. and Mahesh, K. and Lundgren, T.},
	title = {A Eulerian-Lagrangian model to simulate two-phase particulate flows},
	journal = {Annual Research Briefs (Center for turbulence research)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391469},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:42},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4045
@article{raman0000consistent,

	author = {Raman, V. and Pitsch, H. and Fox, R. O.},
	title = {Consistent hybrid LES-FDF formulation for the simulation of turbulent combustion},
	journal = {Annual Research Briefs (Center for turbulence research)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391468},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:42},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4046
@article{apte0000presumed,

	author = {Apte, S. V. and Ghosal, S.},
	title = {A presumed pdf model for droplet evaporation/condensation in complex flows},
	journal = {Annual Research Briefs (Center for turbulence research)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391467},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:42},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4047
@article{apte0000multilevel,

	author = {Apte, S. V.},
	title = {A multilevel formulation to simulate particulate flows},
	journal = {Annual Research Briefs (Center for turbulence research)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391466},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:42},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4048
@article{bocquet0000hydrodynamic,

	author = {Bocquet, Lyd'eric and Errami, Jalal and Lubensky, T. C.},
	title = {Hydrodynamic Model for a Dynamical Jammed-to-Flowing Transition in Gravity Driven Granular Media},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391465},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v89/e184301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {18},
	old_pages = {184301+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:42},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v89/e184301},
	volume = {89},
	pages = {184301+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4049
@article{pouliquen0000dense,

	author = {Pouliquen, Olivier and Chevoir, Francois},
	title = {Dense flows of dry granular material},
	journal = {Comptes Rendus Physique},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The behavior of dense assemblies of dry grains submitted to continuous shear deformation is still not well understood. Recently it has been the subject of several experiments and discrete particle simulations. For both confined and free surface geometries, we present the general features of such flows as well as grain-level information. We then describe the main rheological models and their predictions. To cite this article: O. Pouliquen, F. Chevoir, C.\\$[\\$no-break space\\$]\\$R. Physique 3 (2002) 163-175.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391464},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6X19-45B5D4B-5/2/3c8bbb5607a7520c986b23c296903bce},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, hydrodynamics, jin, medium, rheology, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:41},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6X19-45B5D4B-5/2/3c8bbb5607a7520c986b23c296903bce},
	volume = {3},
	pages = {-175},

	keywords = {
		granular,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		medium,
		rheology,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4050
@article{reboux0000largeeddy,

	author = {Reboux, S. and Sagaut, P. and Lakehal, D.},
	title = {Large-eddy simulation of sheared interfacial flow},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391463},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/105105/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boundary, capillary, flow, jin, layer, shear, suns, turbulence, twophase, variational, viscosity, wave},
	number = {10},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:41},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/105105/1},
	volume = {18},
	pages = {AIP---15},

	keywords = {
		boundary,
		capillary,
		flow,
		jin,
		layer,
		shear,
		suns,
		turbulence,
		twophase,
		variational,
		viscosity,
		wave,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4051
@article{ardekani0000unsteady,

	author = {Ardekani, A. M. and Rangel, R. H.},
	title = {Unsteady motion of two solid spheres in Stokes flow},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391462},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/103306/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, drag, flow, gravity, instability, jin, suns, twophase, viscosity, wave},
	number = {10},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:41},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/103306/1},
	volume = {18},
	pages = {AIP---14},

	keywords = {
		drag,
		flow,
		gravity,
		instability,
		jin,
		suns,
		twophase,
		viscosity,
		wave,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4052
@article{jenkins0000dense,

	author = {Jenkins, James T.},
	title = {Dense shearing flows of inelastic disks},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391461},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/103307/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, disc, flow, hydrodynamics, instability, jin, numeric, shear, structure, suns, twophase},
	number = {10},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:41},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/103307/1},
	volume = {18},
	pages = {AIP---9},

	keywords = {
		disc,
		flow,
		hydrodynamics,
		instability,
		jin,
		numeric,
		shear,
		structure,
		suns,
		twophase,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4053
@article{baran0000velocity_2,

	author = {Baran, Oleh and Ertas, Deniz and Halsey, Thomas C. and Grest, Gary S. and Lechman, Jeremy B.},
	title = {Velocity correlations in dense gravity-driven granular chute flow},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391460},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e051302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, granular, jin, material, rheology, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:41},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e051302},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---10},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		rheology,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4054
@article{silbert0000force,

	author = {Silbert, Leonardo E.},
	title = {Force heterogeneities in particle assemblies: From order to disorder},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391459},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e051303},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, contact, glass, granular, jin, material, orderdisorder, structure, suns, transformation},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:41},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e051303},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---7},

	keywords = {
		contact,
		glass,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		order, disorder,
		structure,
		suns,
		transformation,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4055
@article{wu0000optimal,

	author = {Wu, Zhenhua and Braunstein, Lidia A. and Colizza, Vittoria and Cohen, Reuven and Havlin, Shlomo and Stanley, H. Eugene},
	title = {Optimal paths in complex networks with correlated weights: The worldwide airport network},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391458},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e056104},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, airport, jin, microorganism, network, percolation, statistics, suns, topology},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:41},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e056104},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---9},

	keywords = {
		airport,
		jin,
		microorganism,
		network,
		percolation,
		statistics,
		suns,
		topology,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4056
@article{hernandez0000generalized,

	author = {Hernandez, S. I. and Santamaria-Holek, I. and Mendoza, Carlos I. and del Castillo, L. F.},
	title = {Generalized hydrodynamics of a dilute suspension of finite-sized particles: Dynamic viscosity},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391457},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e051401},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, brownian, colloid, diffusion, fokkerplanck, hydrodynamics, jin, motion, nonequilibrium, suns, suspension, thermodynamics, viscosity},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:41},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e051401},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---7},

	keywords = {
		brownian,
		colloid,
		diffusion,
		fokker, planck,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		motion,
		nonequilibrium,
		suns,
		suspension,
		thermodynamics,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4057
@article{patankar0000formulation,

	author = {Patankar, Neelesh},
	title = {A formulation for fast computations of rigid particulate flows},
	journal = {Annual Research Briefs (Center for turbulence research)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391456},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:41},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4058
@article{torquato0000random,

	author = {Torquato, S. and Truskett, T. M. and Debenedetti, P. G.},
	title = {Is Random Close Packing of Spheres Well Defined?},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391454},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v84/p2064},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {10},
	old_pages = {2064+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:41},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v84/p2064},
	volume = {84},
	pages = {2064+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4059
@article{torquato0000local,

	author = {Torquato, Salvatore and Stillinger, Frank H.},
	title = {Local density fluctuations, hyperuniformity, and order metrics},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391453},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v68/e041113},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, fluctuation, jin, mechanics, optimization, statistics, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:41},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v68/e041113},
	volume = {68},
	pages = {APS---25},

	keywords = {
		fluctuation,
		jin,
		mechanics,
		optimization,
		statistics,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4060
@article{han0000sphere,

	author = {Han, K. and Feng, Y. T. and Owen, D. R. J.},
	title = {Sphere packing with a geometric based compression algorithm},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391452},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:41},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {155},
	pages = {-41},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4061
@article{massoudi0000flow,

	author = {Massoudi, Mehardad},
	title = {On the flow of granular materials with variable material properties},
	journal = {International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391451},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:41},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {36},
	pages = {-37},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4062
@article{massoudi0000continuum,

	author = {Massoudi, Mehardad and Boyle, Edward J.},
	title = {A continuum kinetic theory approach to the rapid flow of granular materials: the e!ects of volume fraction gradient},
	journal = {International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391450},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:41},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {36},
	pages = {-648},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4063
@article{buxton0000multiscale,

	author = {Buxton, Gavin A. and Clarke, Nigel},
	title = {Multiscale model of miscible polymer blends in porous media: From flow fields to concentration fluctuations},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391449},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e041807},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, blend, flow, hydrodynamics, jin, medium, polymer, porosity, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:41},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e041807},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---9},

	keywords = {
		blend,
		flow,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		medium,
		polymer,
		porosity,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4064
@article{poschel0000impact,

	author = {Poschel, Thorsten and Brilliantov, Nikolai V. and Formella, Arno},
	title = {Impact of high-energy tails on granular gas properties},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391448},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e041302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, jin, kinetics, material, maxwell, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:41},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e041302},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---5},

	keywords = {
		granular,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		material,
		maxwell,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4065
@article{gland2006numerical,

	author = {Gland, N. and Wang, P. and Makse, H. A.},
	title = {Numerical study of the stress response of two-dimensional dense granular packings},
	journal = {The European Physical Journal E - Soft Matter},
	year = {2006},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391447},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epje/i2006-10012-6},
	doi = {10.1140/epje/i2006-10012-6},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:40},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epje/i2006-10012-6},
	volume = {V20},
	pages = {-184},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4066
@article{valverde0000effect,

	author = {Valverde, J. M. and Castellanos, A. and Mills, P. and Quintanilla, M. A. S.},
	title = {Effect of particle size and interparticle force on the fluidization behavior of gas-fluidized beds},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391445},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v67/e051305},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, bubble, fluidization, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:40},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v67/e051305},
	volume = {67},
	pages = {APS---6},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		bubble,
		fluidization,
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4067
@article{quintanilla0000correlation,

	author = {Quintanilla, M. A. S. and Castellanos, A. and Valverde, J. M.},
	title = {Correlation between bulk stresses and interparticle contact forces in fine powders},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391444},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v64/e031301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	old_pages = {031301+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:39},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v64/e031301},
	volume = {64},
	pages = {031301+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4068
@article{somfai0000elastic,

	author = {Somfai, Ellak and Roux, Jean-Noel and Snoeijer, Jacco H. and van Hecke, Martin and van Saarloos, Wim},
	title = {Elastic wave propagation in confined granular systems},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391443},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e021301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, elasticity, fluctuation, granular, jin, material, numeric, random, suns, wave},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:39},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e021301},
	volume = {72},
	pages = {APS---18},

	keywords = {
		elasticity,
		fluctuation,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		numeric,
		random,
		suns,
		wave,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4069
@article{edwards0000compactivity,

	author = {Edwards, S. F. and Grinev, D. V.},
	title = {Compactivity and transmission of stress in granular materials},
	journal = {Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391442},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?CHA/9/551/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, fluctuation, granular, internal, jin, model, sandpile, stress, structure, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:39},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?CHA/9/551/1},
	volume = {9},
	pages = {AIP---558},

	keywords = {
		fluctuation,
		granular,
		internal,
		jin,
		model,
		sand, pile,
		stress,
		structure,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4070
@article{wilson0000renormalization,

	author = {Wilson, Kenneth G.},
	title = {The renormalization group and critical phenomena},
	journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391441},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v55/p583},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	old_pages = {583+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:39},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v55/p583},
	volume = {55},
	pages = {583+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4071
@article{bethe0000quantum,

	author = {Bethe, Hans A.},
	title = {Quantum theory},
	journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391440},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v71/pS1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {S1+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:39},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v71/pS1},
	volume = {71},
	pages = {S1+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4072
@article{lebowitz0000statistical,

	author = {Lebowitz, Joel L.},
	title = {Statistical mechanics: A selective review of two central issues},
	journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391439},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v71/pS346},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {S346+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:39},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v71/pS346},
	volume = {71},
	pages = {S346+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4073
@article{stanley0000scaling,

	author = {Stanley, H. Eugene},
	title = {Scaling, universality, and renormalization: Three pillars of modern critical phenomena},
	journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391438},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v71/pS358},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {S358+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:39},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v71/pS358},
	volume = {71},
	pages = {S358+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4074
@article{witten0000insights,

	author = {Witten, Thomas A.},
	title = {Insights from soft condensed matter},
	journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391437},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v71/pS367},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {S367+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:39},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v71/pS367},
	volume = {71},
	pages = {S367+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4075
@article{sreenivasan0000fluid,

	author = {Sreenivasan, Katepalli R.},
	title = {Fluid turbulence},
	journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391436},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v71/pS383},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {S383+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:39},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v71/pS383},
	volume = {71},
	pages = {S383+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4076
@article{gollub0000pattern,

	author = {Gollub, J. P. and Langer, J. S.},
	title = {Pattern formation in nonequilibrium physics},
	journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391435},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v71/pS396},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {S396+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:39},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v71/pS396},
	volume = {71},
	pages = {S396+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4077
@article{de0000granular,

	author = {de Gennes, P. G.},
	title = {Granular matter: a tentative view},
	journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391434},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v71/pS374},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {S374+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:39},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v71/pS374},
	volume = {71},
	pages = {374--382},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 4078
@article{hill0000segregationdriven,

	author = {Hill, K. M. and Khakhar, D. V. and Gilchrist, J. F. and McCarthy, J. J. and Ottino, J. M.},
	title = {Segregation-driven organization in chaotic granular flows},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391433},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/96/21/11701},
	comment = {10.1073/pnas.96.21.11701},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {21},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:38},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/96/21/11701},
	volume = {96},
	pages = {-11706},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4079
@article{khakhar0000mixing,

	author = {Khakhar, D. V. and McCarthy, J. J. and Ottino, J. M.},
	title = {Mixing and segregation of granular materials in chute flows},
	journal = {Chaos},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391432},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?CHA/9/594/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, channel, flow, granular, jin, material, mixing, montecarlo, segregation, suns, transport},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:38},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?CHA/9/594/1},
	volume = {9},
	pages = {AIP---610},

	keywords = {
		channel,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		mixing,
		montecarlo,
		segregation,
		suns,
		transport,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4080
@article{jain0000selforganization,

	author = {Jain, Nitin and Khakhar, D. V. and Lueptow, R. M. and Ottino, J. M.},
	title = {Self-Organization in Granular Slurries},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391431},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v86/p3771},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {17},
	old_pages = {3771+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:38},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v86/p3771},
	volume = {86},
	pages = {3771+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4081
@article{gioia0000fluctuating,

	author = {Gioia, G. and Ott-Monsivais, S. E. and Hill, K. M.},
	title = {Fluctuating Velocity and Momentum Transfer in Dense Granular Flows},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391430},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v96/e138001},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {13},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:38},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v96/e138001},
	volume = {96},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4082
@article{ottino0000granular,

	author = {Ottino, Julio M.},
	title = {Granular matter as a window into collective systems far from equilibrium, complexity, and scientific prematurity},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Granular matter serves as a prototype of collective systems far from equilibrium and can be used to exemplify many concepts now associated with nonlinear dynamics and complex systems: Self-organization, invariance and symmetry breaking, various forms of pattern formation--ranging from waves to chaos to coarsening--networks, and hysteresis. The foundational concepts apply across a wide range of scales--from fine particles to ice floes--and across a wide range of technological fields. It serves also as a test-ground and illustration of the benefits and drawbacks of discrete and continuum viewpoints. However, in spite of being an integral part of the origins of chemical engineering and a topic of unquestionable practical importance, granular matter as a sub-discipline was not a central part of the basic tool-kit that launched the modern version of chemical engineering back in the 1960s. It should have been. One can only speculate how the course of ChE would have been altered if this had happened.},
	booktitle = {The John Bridgwater Symposium: \\tt"Shaping the Future of Chemical Engineering\\tt"},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391429},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4HNSGB9-1/2/bf07f34ab941780bdb087b2a9f0f50b3},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, jin, matter, suns},
	number = {13},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:38},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4HNSGB9-1/2/bf07f34ab941780bdb087b2a9f0f50b3},
	volume = {61},
	pages = {-4171},

	keywords = {
		granular,
		jin,
		matter,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4083
@article{jain0000effect,

	author = {Jain, Nitin and Ottino, J. M. and Lueptow, R. M.},
	title = {Effect of interstitial fluid on a granular flowing layer},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A dominant aspect of granular flows is flow in thin surface layers. While an understanding of the dynamics of dry granular surface flow has begun to emerge, the case of flow when air is completely replaced by a liquid is largely unexplored. Experiments were performed using particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) in a quasi-two-dimensional rotating tumbler to measure the velocity field within the flowing layer of monodisperse spherical particles fully submerged in liquids, a granular slurry, for a range of Froude numbers, bead sizes, fluid densities and fluid viscosities. The thickness of the flowing layer and the angle of repose with a liquid interstitial fluid are generally larger than for the dry system under similar conditions, although the shear rate is generally smaller. The experimental measurements of shear rate match the theoretical predictions (dependent on the particle size, dynamic angle of repose, and static angle of repose) independent of the interstitial fluid. Furthermore, the velocity profiles for larger beads collapse independent of the interstitial fluid, while for smaller beads these profiles collapse on two distinct curves when using a scaling based on mass balance. However, a normalization based on the velocity of beads at the surface causes a collapse to a nearly linear velocity profile except where the velocity approaches zero logarithmically near the fixed bed, regardless of interstitial fluid. Likewise, the scaled number density profiles collapse, regardless of the interstitial fluid. The similarity in the flows of dry granular materials and granular materials submerged in liquids indicates that the physics of the flow is not strongly altered by the interstitial fluid. \\copyright 2004 Cambridge University Press.},
	address = {Department of Chemical Engineering, Northwestern University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Evanston, IL 60208, United States},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391428},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, fluid, granular, jin, liquid, material, mechanics, particle, suns, velocity, viscosity},
	number = {508},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:38},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {508},
	pages = {Cambridge University Press, New York, NY 10011-4211, United States---44},

	keywords = {
		fluid,
		granular,
		jin,
		liquid,
		material,
		mechanics,
		particle,
		suns,
		velocity,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4084
@article{fiedor0000mixing,

	author = {Fiedor, S. J. and Ottino, J. M.},
	title = {Mixing and segregation of granular matter: Multi-lobe formation in time-periodic flows},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We study size segregation in two classes of granular systems in time-periodically forced quasi-two-dimensional tumblers. In dry granular systems (DGS), particles are immersed in air, whereas in liquid granular systems (LGS) or slurries, particles are wholly immersed in a less dense liquid. Experimental results show lobe formation and classical radial segregation, depending on the frequency of the forcing and fill fraction of the system. Both DGS and LGS exhibit similar multi-lobe patterns when subjected to the same forcing. A simple model captures the experimental results and suggests that the symmetry of the forcing plays a crucial role in the emergence of the patterns. Lobes form via a reinforcement mechanism that depends on the period of the regular islands in the Poincare map. The mechanism can be controlled by changing the forcing period and/or fill fraction. \\copyright 2005 Cambridge University Press.},
	address = {Department of Chemical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391427},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, granular, jin, material, mathematics, metallography, model, pattern, reinforcement, segregation, slurry, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:38},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {533},
	pages = {Cambridge University Press, New York, NY 10011-4211, United States---236},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		mathematics,
		metallography,
		model,
		pattern,
		reinforcement,
		segregation,
		slurry,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4085
@article{amaral0000complex_1,

	author = {Amaral, L. A. N. and Ottino, J. M.},
	title = {Complex networks: Augmenting the framework for the study of complex systems},
	journal = {European Physical Journal B},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We briefly describe the toolkit used for studying complex systems: nonlinear dynamics, statistical physics, and network theory. We place particular emphasis on network theory - the topic of this special issue - and its importance in augmenting the framework for the quantitative study of complex systems. In order to illustrate the main issues, we briefly review several areas where network theory has led to significant developments in our understanding of complex systems. Specifically, we discuss changes, arising from network theory, in our understanding of (i) the Internet and other communication networks, (ii) the structure of natural ecosystems, (iii) the spread of diseases and information, (iv) the structure of cellular signalling networks, and (v) infrastructure robustness. Finally, we discuss how complexity requires both new tools and an augmentation of the conceptual framework - including an expanded definition of what is meant by a \\tt"quantitative prediction.},
	address = {Department of Chemical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391426},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, circuit, control, dna, dynamics, ecosystem, environment, humidity, impact, jin, mathematics, model, scale, suns, sustainable},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:38},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {38},
	pages = {Springer-Verlag New York Inc., New York, United States---162},

	keywords = {
		circuit,
		control,
		dna,
		dynamics,
		ecosystem,
		environment,
		humidity,
		impact,
		jin,
		mathematics,
		model,
		scale,
		suns,
		sustainable,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4086
@article{amaral0000complex_2,

	author = {Amaral, L. A. N. and Ottino, J. M.},
	title = {Complex systems and networks: Challenges and opportunities for chemical and biological engineers},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The difference between the complicated and the complex is not just quantitative; it is also qualitative. Complexity requires both an augmentation of the conceptual framework and new tools. In this manuscript we describe the challenges faced when studying complex systems and describe how scientists from many different areas have responded to these challenges. We briefly describe the toolkit used for studying complex systems: nonlinear dynamics, statistical physics, and network theory. We place particular emphasis on network theory due to the explosive rate of advance that the field has recently experienced. We argue that chemical engineering-conversant with a systems viewpoint that is deeply embedded in its culture and the ability to tackle problems across a broad range of length and time scales-is in excellent position to master and develop new tools and to tackle the many challenges posed by complex systems. To illustrate this fact, we briefly review two cases-ecologic food webs and cellular networks-where chemical engineers could have an immediate impact. \\copyright 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	address = {Dept of Chem/Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Robert McCormick School Engineering, Evanston, IL 60208-3120, United States},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391425},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, biochemical, circuit, dynamics, jin, scale, statistics, suns},
	number = {8-9},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:38},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {59},
	pages = {Elsevier Ltd---1666},

	keywords = {
		biochemical,
		circuit,
		dynamics,
		jin,
		scale,
		statistics,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4087
@article{ottino0000engineering,

	author = {Ottino, J. M.},
	title = {Engineering complex systems},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {EMPTY},

	address = {R. R. McCormick Sch. Eng./Appl. Sci., Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391424},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6973},
	old_pages = {399+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:37},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {427},
	pages = {399+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4088
@article{gilchrist0000competition,

	author = {Gilchrist, J. F. and Ottino, J. M.},
	title = {Competition between chaos and order: Mixing and segregation in a spherical tumbler},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The competition between granular mixing and segregation patterns in a two orthogonal axes rotating-rocking sphere was studied. The chaos and order investigation corresponded to the continuous flow regime, with the flow within the sphere being three-dimensional and time-periodic. The results show remarkably robust segregated bands that survived the rocking amplitudes as large as 60 degrees over a wide frequency range. The space-time plots of the segregated patterns were also obtained by using a continuum flow model.},
	address = {Department of Chemical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391423},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bifurcation, chaos, continuum, density, disorder, flow, frequency, granular, gravity, interface, jin, material, mathematics, mechanics, metallography, mixing, model, motion, nonlinearity, order, phase, response, rotation, segregation, shear, slurry, suns, transition},
	number = {6 1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:37},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {68},
	pages = {American Physical Society---1},

	keywords = {
		bifurcation,
		chaos,
		continuum,
		density,
		disorder,
		flow,
		frequency,
		granular,
		gravity,
		interface,
		jin,
		material,
		mathematics,
		mechanics,
		metallography,
		mixing,
		model,
		motion,
		nonlinearity,
		order,
		phase,
		response,
		rotation,
		segregation,
		shear,
		slurry,
		suns,
		transition,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4089
@article{ottino0000complex,

	author = {Ottino, J. M.},
	title = {Complex systems},
	journal = {AIChE Journal},
	year = {EMPTY},

	address = {Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391422},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:37},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {49},
	pages = {American Institute of Chemical Engineers---299},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4090
@article{ottino0000scaling,

	author = {Ottino, J. M. and Khakhar, D. V.},
	title = {Scaling of granular flow processes: From surface flows to design rules},
	journal = {AIChE Journal},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Scale-up of granular processes is notoriously difficult and there is little guidance at the present time. This is true even in the simplest case of noncohesive powders consisting of spherical grains, the scenario considered here. However, flows in granular materials are often restricted to thin regions of rapid surface flow with the rest of the material suffering only slow plastic rearrangements. This seemingly trivial observation leads to understanding of the entire system and to the concept that an understanding of surface flows constitutes the key element for scale-up of granular flow processes. A surface flow is characterized primarily by its thickness and the shear rate. For large particles, both are controlled primarily by the Froude number and the particle-size ratio (particle diameter to cylinder radius), whereas material properties have a secondary effect. Modern experimental techniques are yielding further insight into the physics of shear flows and theoretical analysis is providing guidance and scaling insights. The assembly of experimental and theoretical components opens the class of problems dominated by surface flows to serious engineering analysis and predictability. Current understanding is extended and integrated, the governing scaling laws are made explicit, and the results obtained in terms of rules are summarized. The use of the integrated knowledge by means of an example is exemplified.},
	address = {Dept. of Chemical Engineering, R. R. McCormick Sch. of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391421},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, grain, granular, jin, material, powder, shape, shear, suns},
	number = {10},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:37},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {48},
	pages = {-2166},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		grain,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		powder,
		shape,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4091
@article{khakhar0000continuum,

	author = {Khakhar, D. V. and Orpe, A. V. and Ottino, J. M.},
	title = {Continuum model of mixing and size segregation in a rotating cylinder: Concentration-flow coupling and streak formation},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The effect of segregation and concentration-flow coupling on structure development in binary mixtures of different sized particles (S-systems) in a rotating cylinder is studied. The system is a prototype of tumbling mixers widely used in industry for mixing, coating and reaction. Experiments with S-systems have shown the formation of radial streaks of the small particles when the size ratio is large; however, an explanation of this phenomenon is not available. A continuum model is presented here for the flow in the layer using mass, momentum and species balance equations averaged across the layer. The stress is assumed to be a sum of the Bagnold stress and the Coulomb frictional stress; the temperature and total solids volume fraction are assumed to be uniform across the layer. We consider the case of a large difference in particle sizes so that segregation upon flow is instantaneous and a step concentration profile exists at all points in the flowing layer with the smaller particles forming the lower layer. The velocity profile is assumed to be piecewise linear with continuity of stress at the interface between the small and large particles. The model predicts the time varying velocity, layer thickness and concentration fields in the system. The predictions are compared to experimental flow visualization studies. Conditions for the formation of streaks are investigated. Copyright \\copyright 2001 Elsevier Science B.V.},
	address = {Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391420},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, binary, continuum, interface, jin, mass, material, mathematics, mechanics, metallography, mixing, model, powder, segregation, suns, transfer},
	number = {2-3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:37},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {116},
	pages = {Elsevier Science S.A.---245},

	keywords = {
		binary,
		continuum,
		interface,
		jin,
		mass,
		material,
		mathematics,
		mechanics,
		metallography,
		mixing,
		model,
		powder,
		segregation,
		suns,
		transfer,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4092
@article{hill0000modes,

	author = {Hill, K. M. and Jain, N. and Ottino, J. M.},
	title = {Modes of granular segregation in a noncircular rotating cylinder},
	journal = {Physical Review E. Statistical Physics, Plasmas, Fluids, and Related Interdisciplinary Topics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {An attempt is made to explain why axial segregation occurs in granular materials. It is demonstrated that the cross section of the mixer has a significant influence on axial segregation and that subsurface dynamics are important.},
	address = {Dept. Theoretical Applied Mechanics, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, United States},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391419},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, binary, cylinder, granular, jin, magnetic, material, mathematics, mixing, model, nuclear, resonance, shape, spectroscopy, suns},
	number = {1 I},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:37},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {64},
	pages = {American Institute of Physics Inc.---1},

	keywords = {
		binary,
		cylinder,
		granular,
		jin,
		magnetic,
		material,
		mathematics,
		mixing,
		model,
		nuclear,
		resonance,
		shape,
		spectroscopy,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4093
@article{ottino0000fundamental,

	author = {Ottino, J. M. and Khakhar, D. V.},
	title = {Fundamental research in heaping, mixing, and segregation of granular materials: Challenges and perspectives},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Granular materials are in vogue; the situation is radically different than that of a decade ago. In fact, it can be argued that many of the necessary building blocks for understanding of industrial systems are already here. However, there is still a mismatch between basic research and needs. This is not likely to be bridged: Basic research is divergent and long-term, whereas technological needs are convergent and tied to deadlines. It is however apparent that theoretical understanding is now considerably deeper, that involved simulations are now possible, and that new experimental techniques are opening new horizons. The assembly of all these methodologies, in due time, should open the mixing arts to serious engineering analysis and predictability. \\copyright 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
	address = {Departments of Chemical Engineering, R.R. McCormick Sch. Eng./Appld. Sci., Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208-3120, United States},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391418},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, jin, material, metallography, powder, segregation, suns},
	number = {2-3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:37},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {121},
	pages = {-122},

	keywords = {
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		metallography,
		powder,
		segregation,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4094
@article{wu0000shear,

	author = {Wu, Mingshaw W. and Register, Richard A. and Chaikin, Paul M.},
	title = {Shear alignment of sphere-morphology block copolymer thin films with viscous fluid flow},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391417},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e040801},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, blend, films, jin, orderdisorder, polymer, recrystallisation, suns, transformation},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:37},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e040801},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		blend,
		films,
		jin,
		order, disorder,
		polymer,
		recrystallisation,
		suns,
		transformation,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4095
@article{weber0000multicomponent,

	author = {Weber, Sebastian and Porto, Markus},
	title = {Multicomponent reaction-diffusion processes on complex networks},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391416},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e046108},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, kinetics, reaction, reactiondiffusion, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:37},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e046108},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---8},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		kinetics,
		reaction,
		reaction, diffusion,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4096
@article{zhang0000capturing,

	author = {Zhang, Yong-Hao and Gu, Xiao-Jun and Barber, Robert W. and Emerson, David R.},
	title = {Capturing Knudsen layer phenomena using a lattice Boltzmann model},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391415},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e046704},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boltzmann, flow, jin, knudsen, montecarlo, navierstokes, slip, stress, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:37},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e046704},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---7},

	keywords = {
		boltzmann,
		flow,
		jin,
		knudsen,
		montecarlo,
		navier, stokes,
		slip,
		stress,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4097
@article{zhang0000efficient,

	author = {Zhang, Raoyang and Shan, Xiaowen and Chen, Hudong},
	title = {Efficient kinetic method for fluid simulation beyond the Navier-Stokes equation},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391414},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e046703},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, hydrodynamics, jin, navierstokes, nonequilibrium, poiseuille, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:37},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e046703},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---7},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		navier, stokes,
		nonequilibrium,
		poiseuille,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4098
@article{doney0000decorated,

	author = {Doney, Robert and Sen, Surajit},
	title = {Decorated, Tapered, and Highly Nonlinear Granular Chain},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391413},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v97/e155502},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {15},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:37},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v97/e155502},
	volume = {97},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4099
@article{benedetto0000hydrodynamic,

	author = {Benedetto, D. and Caglioti, E. and Golse, F. and Pulvirenti, M.},
	title = {A hydrodynamic model arising in the context of granular media},
	journal = {Computers \& Mathematics with Applications},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In this note, we propose a formal argument identifying the hydrodynamic limit of a Fokker-Planck model for granular media appearing in \\$[\\$1\\$]\\$. More precisely, in the limit of large background temperature and vanishing friction, this hydrodynamic limit is described by the classical system of isentropic gas dynamics with a nonstandard pressure law (specifically, the pressure is proportional to the cube root of the density). Finally, some qualitative properties of the hydrodynamic model are studied.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391412},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TYJ-3XRPBPB-D/2/08700493cdbe877909b9205cfcd8ee58},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {7-8},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:36},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TYJ-3XRPBPB-D/2/08700493cdbe877909b9205cfcd8ee58},
	volume = {38},
	pages = {-131},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4100
@proceedings{kalisky0000scalefree,

	title = {Scale-Free properties of weighted random graphs: Minimum Spanning Trees and Percolation},
	year = {EMPTY},

	address = {Aveiro (Portugal)},
	author = {Kalisky, Tomer and Sreenivasan, Sameet and Braunstein, Lidia A. and Buldyrev, Sergey V. and Havlin, Shlomo and Stanley, H. Eugene},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391411},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?APC/776/79/1},
	editor = {Mendes, Jose F. F. and Dorogovtsev, S. N. and Povolotsky, A. and Abreu, F. V. and Oliveira, J. G.},
	journal = {SCIENCE OF COMPLEX NETWORKS: From Biology to the Internet and WWW: CNET 2004},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, circuit, jin, mathematics, optimization, percolation, suns, tree},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:35},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?APC/776/79/1},
	volume = {776},
	pages = {AIP---89},

	keywords = {
		circuit,
		jin,
		mathematics,
		optimization,
		percolation,
		suns,
		tree,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4101
@article{agnolin0000continuum,

	author = {Agnolin, Ivana and Jenkins, James T. and Ragione, Luigi L.},
	title = {A continuum theory for a random array of identical, elastic, frictional disks},
	journal = {Mechanics of Materials},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We derive a stress-strain relation for static deformations of a random array of identical disks that interact through elastic, frictional contacts. In doing this, we take into account force and moment equilibrium of pairs of disks in the aggregate and average over pairs that have the same orientation. However, we defer consideration of the influence of deviations from the average packing on the stress-strain relation. We apply the result to biaxial straining at constant pressure and obtain explicit expressions for the shear stress, area strain, and the amount of contact deletion.},
	booktitle = {Advances in Disordered Materials},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391410},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TX6-4HRMTTC-1/2/b8933bb0c15e4dfce5879041133b768f},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, aggregation, disc, elasticity, friction, granular, jin, material, micromechanics, suns},
	number = {8-10},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:35},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TX6-4HRMTTC-1/2/b8933bb0c15e4dfce5879041133b768f},
	volume = {38},
	pages = {-701},

	keywords = {
		aggregation,
		disc,
		elasticity,
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		micromechanics,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4102
@article{jenkins0000kinetic_1,

	author = {Jenkins, J. T. and Richman, M. W.},
	title = {Kinetic theory for plane flows of a dense gas of identical, rough, inelastic, circular disks},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391409},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PFL/28/3485/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, density, disc, distribution, energy, fluctuation, gas, granular, inelasticity, jin, kinetics, material, moment, roughness, scattering, spin, suns, transport, velocity},
	number = {12},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:35},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PFL/28/3485/1},
	volume = {28},
	pages = {AIP---3494},

	keywords = {
		density,
		disc,
		distribution,
		energy,
		fluctuation,
		gas,
		granular,
		inelasticity,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		material,
		moment,
		roughness,
		scattering,
		spin,
		suns,
		transport,
		velocity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4103
@proceedings{wilkinson0000granular,

	title = {Granular Materials and the Risks They Pose for Success on the Moon and Mars},
	year = {EMPTY},

	address = {Albuquerque, New Mexico (USA)},
	author = {Wilkinson, R. Allen and Behringer, Robert P. and Jenkins, James T. and Louge, Michel Y.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391408},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?APC/746/1216/1},
	editor = {El-Genk, Mohamed S. and Bragg, Mary J.},
	journal = {SPACE TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS INT.FORUM-STAIF 2005: Conf.Thermophys in Micrograv;Conf Comm/Civil Next Gen.Space Transp; 22nd Symp Space Nucl.Powr Propuls.;Conf.Human/Robotic Techn.Nat'l Vision Space Expl.; 3rd Symp Space Colon.; 2nd Symp.New Frontiers},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, jin, mars, material, moon, safety, space, suns, vehicle},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:35},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?APC/746/1216/1},
	volume = {746},
	pages = {AIP---1223},

	keywords = {
		granular,
		jin,
		mars,
		material,
		moon,
		safety,
		space,
		suns,
		vehicle,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4104
@article{bazant0000spot,

	author = {Bazant, Martin Z.},
	title = {The Spot Model for random-packing dynamics},
	journal = {Mechanics of Materials},
	year = {EMPTY},

	booktitle = {Advances in Disordered Materials},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391407},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TX6-4HPD3H1-1/2/efe65f099a43726118d62cf96f7266e5},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {8-10},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:35},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TX6-4HPD3H1-1/2/efe65f099a43726118d62cf96f7266e5},
	volume = {38},
	pages = {-731},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4105
@article{rycroft0000analysis,

	author = {Rycroft, Chris H. and Grest, Gary S. and Landry, James W. and Bazant, Martin Z.},
	title = {Analysis of granular flow in a pebble-bed nuclear reactor},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391406},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e021306},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, diffusion, flow, granular, jin, porosity, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e021306},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---16},

	keywords = {
		diffusion,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		porosity,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4106
@article{rycroft0000dynamics,

	author = {Rycroft, Chris H. and Bazant, Martin Z. and Grest, Gary S. and Landry, James W.},
	title = {Dynamics of random packings in granular flow},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391405},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e051306},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, amorph, diffusion, flow, friction, granular, jin, material, random, suns, viscoelasticity},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e051306},
	volume = {73},
	pages = {APS---7},

	keywords = {
		amorph,
		diffusion,
		flow,
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		random,
		suns,
		viscoelasticity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4107
@article{ayyalasomayajula0000lagrangian,

	author = {Ayyalasomayajula, S. and Gylfason, A. and Collins, L. R. and Bodenschatz, E. and Warhaft, Z.},
	title = {Lagrangian Measurements of Inertial Particle Accelerations in Grid Generated Wind Tunnel Turbulence},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391404},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v97/e144507},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {14},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v97/e144507},
	volume = {97},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4108
@article{ernst0000boltzmann,

	author = {Ernst, M. H. and Trizac, E. and Barrat, A.},
	title = {The Boltzmann equation for driven systems of inelastic soft spheres},
	journal = {arXiv:cond-mat/0610159 v1 5 Oct 2006},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391403},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:34},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4109
@article{santos0000dynamics,

	author = {Santos, Andres and Dufty, James W.},
	title = {Dynamics of a Hard Sphere Granular Impurity},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391401},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v97/e058001},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v97/e058001},
	volume = {97},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4110
@article{jiradilok0000kinetic,

	author = {Jiradilok, Veeraya and Gidaspow, Dimitri and Damronglerd, Somsak and Koves, William J. and Mostofi, Reza},
	title = {Kinetic theory based CFD simulation of turbulent fluidization of FCC particles in a riser},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The turbulent fluidization regime is characterized by the co-existence of a dense, bottom region and a dilute, top bed. A kinetic theory based CFD code with a drag corrected for clusters captured the basic features of this flow regime: the dilute and dense regions, high dispersion coefficients and a strong anisotropy. The computed energy spectrum captures the observed gravity wave and the Kolmogorov -5/3 law at high frequencies. The computed turbulent kinetic energy is close to the measurements for FCC particles. The CFD simulations compared reasonably well with the measured core-annular flow experiments at very high solid fluxes. The computed granular temperatures, solids pressures, FCC viscosities and frequencies of oscillations were close to measurements reported in the literature. The computations suggest that unlike for the flow of group B particles, the oscillations for the FCC particles in the center of the riser are primarily due to the oscillations of clusters and not due to oscillations of individual particles. Hence mixing is not on the level of individual particles.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391400},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4JRK61T-1/2/78a97a48a73c1c265f7d4a22c6d9a4e4},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dispersion, flow, fluidization, gasparticle, jin, reynold, stress, suns, turbulence},
	number = {17},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4JRK61T-1/2/78a97a48a73c1c265f7d4a22c6d9a4e4},
	volume = {61},
	pages = {-5559},

	keywords = {
		dispersion,
		flow,
		fluidization,
		gas, particle,
		jin,
		reynold,
		stress,
		suns,
		turbulence,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4111
@article{makkawi0000voidage,

	author = {Makkawi, Y. T. and Wright, P. C.},
	title = {The voidage function and effective drag force for fluidized beds},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Here, an experimental investigation on the effective drag force in a conventional fluidized bed is presented. Two beds of different particle size distribution belonging to group B and group B/D powders were fluidized in air in a 13.8 cm diameter column. The drag force on a particle has been calculated based on the measurement of particle velocity and concentration during pulse gas tests, using twin-plane electrical capacitance tomography. The validity of the voidage function \\tt"correction function\\tt", (1-\\$[\\$var epsilon\\$]\\$s)n, for the reliable estimation of the effective drag force has been investigated. The parameter n shows substantial dependence on the relative particle Reynolds number (Rep*), and the spatial variation of the effective static and hydrodynamic forces. It is also illustrated that, a simple correlation for the effective drag coefficient as function of the particle Reynolds number (Rep), expressed implicitly in terms of the interstitial gas velocity, can serve in estimating the effective drag force in a real fluidization process. Analysis shows that, the calculated drag force is comparable to the particle weight, which enables a better understanding of the particle dynamics, and the degree of spatial segregation in a multi-sized particle bed mixture. The analogy presented in this paper could be extended to obtain a generalized correlation for the effective drag coefficient in a fluidized bed in terms of Rep and the particle physical properties.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391399},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4893SYH-1/2/616763e081d4d2a34d1d86fdf8fa4abc},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, drag, fluidization, force, gassolid, jin, solid, suns, tomography},
	number = {10},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4893SYH-1/2/616763e081d4d2a34d1d86fdf8fa4abc},
	volume = {58},
	pages = {-2051},

	keywords = {
		drag,
		fluidization,
		force,
		gas, solid,
		jin,
		solid,
		suns,
		tomography,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4112
@article{du0000computational,

	author = {Du, Wei and Bao, Xiaojun and Xu, Jian and Wei, Weisheng},
	title = {Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling of spouted bed: Assessment of drag coefficient correlations},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling of gas-solids two-phase flows, drag force is the only accelerating force acting on particles and thus plays an important role in coupling two phases. To understand the influence of drag models on the CFD modeling of spouted beds, several widely used drag models available in literature were reviewed and the resulting hydrodynamics by incorporating some of them into the CFD simulations of spouted beds were compared. The results obtained by the different drag models were verified using experimental data of He et al. \\$[\\$He, Y.L., Lim, C.J., Grace, J.R., Zhu, J.X., Qin, S.Z., 1994a. Measurements of voidage profiles in spouted beds. Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 72 (4), 229-234; He, Y.L., Qin, S.Z., Lim, C.J., Grace, J.R., 1994b. Particle velocity profiles and solid flow patterns in spouted beds. Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 72 (8), 561-568.\\$]\\$ The quantitative analyses showed that the different drag models led to significant differences in dense phase simulations. Among the different drag models discussed, the Gidaspow (1994. Multiphase Flow and Fluidization, Academic Press, San Diego.) model gave the best agreement with experimental observation both qualitatively and quantitatively. The present investigation showed that drag models had critical and subtle impacts on the CFD predictions of dense gas-solids two-phase systems such as encountered in spouted beds.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391398},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4H9GRMG-1/2/a72e4101a7336b32e27161dc3b236705},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, cfd, drag, flow, force, gassolid, jin, model, spouted, suns, twophase},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4H9GRMG-1/2/a72e4101a7336b32e27161dc3b236705},
	volume = {61},
	pages = {-1420},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		cfd,
		drag,
		flow,
		force,
		gas, solid,
		jin,
		model,
		spouted,
		suns,
		twophase,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4113
@article{di0000homogeneous,

	author = {Di Renzo, Alberto and Di Maio, Francesco P.},
	title = {Homogeneous and bubbling fluidization regimes in DEM-CFD simulations: Hydrodynamic stability of gas and liquid fluidized beds},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In recent years coupled DEM-CFD models have been successfully utilized to simulate fluidized particle systems in the bubbling regime. In this paper we report on DEM-CFD simulations of liquid-fluidization of glass beads and gas-fluidization of Geldart's Group A particles carried out to characterize hydrodynamically the stability of the fluidized state, in the absence of cohesive forces. Due to the importance of the fluid-particle interaction, the two-way coupling approach used is introduced within a rigorous framework. Simulations of glass particles fluidized by water are presented. Homogeneous (particulate) fluidization is obtained for a wide range of velocities, in quantitative agreement with the theory of stability of the fluidized state and with experiments. The possibility of fine particles ( porous alumina, Geldart's Group A) to be air-fluidized homogeneously, without the need to impose inter-particle (cohesive) forces, is demonstrated by means of the first principles analysis guaranteed by the DEM-CFD approach. The appearance of bubbles in the fluidized bed behaviour is shown to occur at velocities in quantitative agreement with the theory of fluidized bed stability. In this context, the transient behaviour of the two systems considered in response to changes of fluid superficial velocity is analysed, allowing to validate the capability of the numerical model to capture the propagation of voidage shocks along bed height.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391397},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4KNV2P6-6/2/c1d7dec1e157b2ebea684cd03a42ba30},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, bubble, demcfd, fluidization, fluidparticle, homogeneity, interaction, jin, stability, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4KNV2P6-6/2/c1d7dec1e157b2ebea684cd03a42ba30},
	volume = {In Press, Corrected Proof},
	pages = {-},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		bubble,
		dem, cfd,
		fluidization,
		fluid, particle,
		homogeneity,
		interaction,
		jin,
		stability,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4114
@article{behringer2002granular,

	author = {Behringer, R. P.},
	title = {Granular materials: Taking the temperature},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {2002},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391395},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/415594a},
	comment = {10.1038/415594a},
	doi = {10.1038/415594a},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6872},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/415594a},
	volume = {415},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_UNMATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4115
@article{wang2006dynamic,

	author = {Wang, Ping and Song, Chaoming and Makse, Hernan A.},
	title = {Dynamic particle tracking reveals the ageing temperature of a colloidal glass},
	journal = {Nat Phys},
	year = {2006},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391394},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphys366},
	comment = {10.1038/nphys366},
	doi = {10.1038/nphys366},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {8},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphys366},
	volume = {2},
	pages = {-531},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4116
@article{nourgaliev0000adaptive,

	author = {Nourgaliev, R. R. and Dinh, T. N. and Theofanous, T. G.},
	title = {Adaptive characteristics-based matching for compressible multifluid dynamics},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This paper presents an evolutionary step in sharp capturing of shocked, high acoustic impedance mismatch (AIM) interfaces in an adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) environment. The central theme which guides the present development addresses the need to optimize between the algorithmic complexities in advanced front capturing and front tracking methods developed recently for high AIM interfaces with the simplicity requirements imposed by the AMR multi-level dynamic solutions implementation. The paper shows that we have achieved this objective by means of relaxing the strict conservative treatment of AMR prolongation/restriction operators in the interfacial region and by using a natural-neighbor-interpolation (NNI) algorithm to eliminate the need for ghost cell extrapolation into the other fluid in a characteristics-based matching (CBM) scheme. The later is based on a two-fluid Riemann solver, which brings the accuracy and robustness of front-tracking approach into the fast local level set front-capturing implementation of the CBM method. A broad set of test problems (including shocked multi-gaseous media, bubble collapse, underwater explosion and shock passing over a liquid drop suspended in a gaseous medium) was performed and the results demonstrate that the fundamental assumptions/approximations made in modifying the AMR prolongation/restriction operators and in using the NNI algorithm for interfacial treatment are acceptable from the accuracy point of view, while they enable an effective implementation and utility of the structured AMR technology for solving complex multiphase problems in a highly compressible setting.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391393},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4HC6M62-1/2/b887e01e8a190a651007c208660508fd},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, compression, flow, jin, level, mesh, multiphase, refinement, structure, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4HC6M62-1/2/b887e01e8a190a651007c208660508fd},
	volume = {213},
	pages = {-529},

	keywords = {
		compression,
		flow,
		jin,
		level,
		mesh,
		multiphase,
		refinement,
		structure,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4117
@article{ma0000highresolution,

	author = {Ma, Jingsen and Ge, Wei and Wang, Xiaowei and Wang, Junwu and Li, Jinghai},
	title = {High-resolution simulation of gas-solid suspension using macro-scale particle methods},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Dynamic multi-scale structures in a gas-solid suspension with 1024 particles are investigated with direct numerical simulations using macro-scale particle methods. The suspension is found to be characterized by heterogeneity with clustering solids and bypassing gas. The solid particle velocity distribution is found to be anisotropic though nearly Maxwellian in each direction, which is in agreement with measurements in liquid-solid systems, supporting the necessity of incorporating anisotropy into the continuum descriptions of such flows. The drag force on the particles in the dilute phase can be far larger than that in the center of the dense phase, and much less than that on the phase interface, suggesting the insufficiency of correlating interphase friction to local averaged voidage only. However, statistics shows nearly Gaussian distribution of the drag forces, which is potentially favorable to establishing a diffusion model accounting for drag dispersion. The need for a multi-scale description of gas-solid flows, and on the other hand, the power of particle methods as exploring tools for this purpose, are demonstrated.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391392},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4KJM01R-7/2/eab0364983d4931b5eb567e9249c1cb0},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, anisotropy, distribution, drag, flow, force, gassolid, hydrodynamics, jin, macroscale, maxwell, model, multiscale, numeric, particle, pseudoparticle, smoothness, structure, suns},
	number = {21},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4KJM01R-7/2/eab0364983d4931b5eb567e9249c1cb0},
	volume = {61},
	pages = {-7106},

	keywords = {
		anisotropy,
		distribution,
		drag,
		flow,
		force,
		gas, solid,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		macroscale,
		maxwell,
		model,
		multiscale,
		numeric,
		particle,
		pseudoparticle,
		smoothness,
		structure,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4118
@article{meier0000capturing,

	author = {Meier, Steven W. and Cisar, Stephen E. and Lueptow, Richard M. and Ottino, Julio M.},
	title = {Capturing patterns and symmetries in chaotic granular flow},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391391},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e031310},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, chaos, dispersion, flow, granular, jin, material, segregation, suns, symmetry},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e031310},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---11},

	keywords = {
		chaos,
		dispersion,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		segregation,
		suns,
		symmetry,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4119
@article{karlin0000kinetically,

	author = {Karlin, Iliya V. and Tomboulides, Ananias G. and Frouzakis, Christos E. and Ansumali, Santosh},
	title = {Kinetically reduced local Navier-Stokes equations: An alternative approach to hydrodynamics},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391390},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e035702},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, mach, navierstokes, suns, vortex},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e035702},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		mach,
		navier, stokes,
		suns,
		vortex,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4120
@article{finger0000coarsening,

	author = {Finger, Tilo and Voigt, Andreas and Stadler, Jorg and Niessen, Heiko G. and Naji, Lama and Stannarius, Ralf},
	title = {Coarsening of axial segregation patterns of slurries in a horizontally rotating drum},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391389},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e031312},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, formation, granular, jin, material, pattern, rotation, segregation, slurry, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e031312},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {APS---15},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		formation,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		pattern,
		rotation,
		segregation,
		slurry,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4121
@article{kumaran0000granular,

	author = {Kumaran, V.},
	title = {Granular flow of rough particles in the high-Knudsen-number limit},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics KW -},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391388},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:31},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {561},
	pages = {-72},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4122
@article{kumaran0000constitutive,

	author = {Kumaran, V.},
	title = {The constitutive relation for the granular flow of rough particles, and its application to the flow down an inclined plane},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics KW -},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391387},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:31},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {561},
	pages = {-42},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4123
@article{squires0000microfluidics,

	author = {Squires, Todd M. and Quake, Stephen R.},
	title = {Microfluidics: Fluid physics at the nanoliter scale},
	journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391385},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v77/p977},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, acoustic, convection, deformation, flow, jin, laminar, liquid, microfluidics, streaming, structure, suns, viscosity},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:31},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v77/p977},
	volume = {77},
	pages = {-50},

	keywords = {
		acoustic,
		convection,
		deformation,
		flow,
		jin,
		laminar,
		liquid,
		microfluidics,
		streaming,
		structure,
		suns,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4124
@article{geng0000slow,

	author = {Geng, Junfei and Behringer, R. P.},
	title = {Slow drag in two-dimensional granular media},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391384},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v71/e011302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:31},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v71/e011302},
	volume = {71},
	pages = {-19},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4125
@article{geng0000diffusion,

	author = {Geng, Junfei and Behringer, R. P.},
	title = {Diffusion and Mobility in a Stirred Dense Granular Material},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391383},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v93/e238002},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, diffusion, flow, granular, jin, material, suns},
	number = {23},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:30},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v93/e238002},
	volume = {93},
	pages = {-4},

	keywords = {
		diffusion,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4126
@article{dutt0000effects_2,

	author = {Dutt, Meenakshi and Behringer, R. P.},
	title = {Effects of surface friction on a two-dimensional granular system: Cooling bound system},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391382},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v70/e061304},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, cluster, collision, cooling, dispersion, friction, granular, jin, material, monolayer, pattern, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:30},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v70/e061304},
	volume = {70},
	pages = {-15},

	keywords = {
		cluster,
		collision,
		cooling,
		dispersion,
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		monolayer,
		pattern,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4127
@article{utter0000selfdiffusion,

	author = {Utter, Brian and Behringer, R. P.},
	title = {Self-diffusion in dense granular shear flows},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391381},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v69/e031308},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, brownian, flow, fluctuation, granular, instability, jin, material, motion, selfdiffusion, shear, suns, vortex},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:30},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v69/e031308},
	volume = {69},
	pages = {-12},

	keywords = {
		brownian,
		flow,
		fluctuation,
		granular,
		instability,
		jin,
		material,
		motion,
		selfdiffusion,
		shear,
		suns,
		vortex,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_DUPLICATE_TITLE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4128
@article{metcalfe0000granular,

	author = {Metcalfe, Guy and Tennakoon, S. G. K. and Kondic, L. and Schaeffer, D. G. and Behringer, R. P.},
	title = {Granular friction, Coulomb failure, and the fluid-solid transition for horizontally shaken granular materials},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391380},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v65/e031302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, convection, dynamics, flow, fluidization, friction, granular, instability, jin, material, medium, molecule, porosity, solidliquid, solidvapour, suns, transformation},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:29},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v65/e031302},
	volume = {65},
	pages = {-15},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		convection,
		dynamics,
		flow,
		fluidization,
		friction,
		granular,
		instability,
		jin,
		material,
		medium,
		molecule,
		porosity,
		solid, liquid,
		solid, vapour,
		suns,
		transformation,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4129
@article{painter0000substrate,

	author = {Painter, Benjamin and Behringer, R. P.},
	title = {Substrate Interactions, Effects of Symmetry Breaking, and Convection in a 2D Horizontally Shaken Granular System},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391376},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v85/p3396},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, collision, convection, flow, friction, granular, gravity, jin, material, phase, substrate, suns, transformation},
	number = {16},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:28},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v85/p3396},
	volume = {85},
	pages = {-3399},

	keywords = {
		collision,
		convection,
		flow,
		friction,
		granular,
		gravity,
		jin,
		material,
		phase,
		substrate,
		suns,
		transformation,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4130
@article{vanel0000memories,

	author = {Vanel, Loic and Howell, Daniel and Clark, D. and Behringer, R. P. and Clement, Eric},
	title = {Memories in sand: Experimental tests of construction history on stress distributions under sandpiles},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical Physics, Plasmas, Fluids, and Related Interdisciplinary Topics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A 3D discrete element method (DEM) simulations of powder compaction were performed. The evolution of microscopic properties of the particle assembly such as coordination number and plastic contact number were investigated. The results suggest that DEM has the potential to incorporate the microscopic properties of particles into a proper continumm model.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391375},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.60.R5040},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v60/pR5040},
	doi = {10.1103/PhysRevE.60.R5040},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, granular, jin, material, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:28},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v60/pR5040},
	volume = {60},
	pages = {-R5043},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_INCOMPLETE_W_DOI,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4131
@article{howell0000stress,

	author = {Howell, Daniel and Behringer, R. P. and Veje, Christian},
	title = {Stress Fluctuations in a 2D Granular Couette Experiment: A Continuous Transition},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391374},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v82/p5241},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, couette, flow, fluctuation, granular, jin, material, photoelasticity, shear, stress, suns},
	number = {26},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:28},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v82/p5241},
	volume = {82},
	pages = {-5244},

	keywords = {
		couette,
		flow,
		fluctuation,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		photoelasticity,
		shear,
		stress,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4132
@article{veje0000kinematics,

	author = {Veje, C. T. and Howell, Daniel W. and Behringer, R. P.},
	title = {Kinematics of a two-dimensional granular Couette experiment at the transition to shearing},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical Physics, Plasmas, Fluids, and Related Interdisciplinary Topics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391373},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v59/p739},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, couette, deformation, flow, granular, jin, kinematics, material, shear, suns, twophase},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:28},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v59/p739},
	volume = {59},
	pages = {-745},

	keywords = {
		couette,
		deformation,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		kinematics,
		material,
		shear,
		suns,
		twophase,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4133
@article{tennakoon0000vertical,

	author = {Tennakoon, Sarath G. K. and Behringer, R. P.},
	title = {Vertical and Horizontal Vibration of Granular Materials: Coulomb Friction and a Novel Switching State},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391372},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v81/p794},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, convection, dynamics, flow, friction, granular, hardcopyluding, jin, material, suns, switching},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:28},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v81/p794},
	volume = {81},
	pages = {-797},

	keywords = {
		convection,
		dynamics,
		flow,
		friction,
		granular,
		hardcopyluding,
		jin,
		material,
		suns,
		switching,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4134
@article{khosropour0000convection,

	author = {Khosropour, R. and Zirinsky, Jessie and Pak, H. K. and Behringer, R. P.},
	title = {Convection and size segregation in a Couette flow of granular material},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical Physics, Plasmas, Fluids, and Related Interdisciplinary Topics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391371},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v56/p4467},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, convection, couette, flow, granular, hardcopyluding, jin, material, pipe, rotation, segregation, suns, turbulence, twophase},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:28},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v56/p4467},
	volume = {56},
	pages = {-4473},

	keywords = {
		convection,
		couette,
		flow,
		granular,
		hardcopyluding,
		jin,
		material,
		pipe,
		rotation,
		segregation,
		suns,
		turbulence,
		twophase,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4135
@article{pak0000effects,

	author = {Pak, H. K. and Van Doorn, E. and Behringer, R. P.},
	title = {Effects of ambient gases on granular materials under vertical vibration},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391369},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v74/p4643},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, convection, gas, granular, jin, layer, material, mechanics, pressure, suns, vibration},
	number = {23},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:27},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v74/p4643},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {-4646},

	keywords = {
		convection,
		gas,
		granular,
		jin,
		layer,
		material,
		mechanics,
		pressure,
		suns,
		vibration,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4136
@article{pak0000surface,

	author = {Pak, H. K. and Behringer, R. P.},
	title = {Surface waves in vertically vibrated granular materials},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391368},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v71/p1832},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, gravity, jin, layer, material, mechanics, sand, space, suns, surface, vibration, wave},
	number = {12},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:27},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v71/p1832},
	volume = {71},
	pages = {-1835},

	keywords = {
		granular,
		gravity,
		jin,
		layer,
		material,
		mechanics,
		sand,
		space,
		suns,
		surface,
		vibration,
		wave,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4137
@article{taboada0000additive,

	author = {Taboada, Alfredo and Estrada, Nicolas and Radjai, Farhang},
	title = {Additive Decomposition of Shear Strength in Cohesive Granular Media from Grain-Scale Interactions},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391367},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v97/e098302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {9},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:27},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v97/e098302},
	volume = {97},
	pages = {-4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4138
@article{margetis0000continuum,

	author = {Margetis, Dionisios and Fok, Pak-Wing and Aziz, Michael J. and Stone, Howard A.},
	title = {Continuum Theory of Nanostructure Decay Via a Microscale Condition},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391366},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v97/e096102},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {9},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:27},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v97/e096102},
	volume = {97},
	pages = {-4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4139
@article{benzi0000mesoscopic_2,

	author = {Benzi, R. and Biferale, L. and Sbragaglia, M. and Succi, S. and Toschi, F.},
	title = {Mesoscopic modeling of a two-phase flow in the presence of boundaries: The contact angle},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391365},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e021509},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, channel, flow, jin, mechanics, statistics, suns, surface, tension, twophase},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:27},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e021509},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {-14},

	keywords = {
		channel,
		flow,
		jin,
		mechanics,
		statistics,
		suns,
		surface,
		tension,
		twophase,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4140
@article{andreanov0000field,

	author = {Andreanov, Alexei and Biroli, Giulio and Bouchaud, Jean-Philippe and Lefevre, Alexandre},
	title = {Field theories and exact stochastic equations for interacting particle systems},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391364},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e030101},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, reactiondiffusion, stochastic, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:26},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e030101},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {-4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		reaction, diffusion,
		stochastic,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4141
@article{dolgunin2006segregation,

	author = {Dolgunin, V. and Ukolov, A. and Ivanov, O.},
	title = {Segregation kinetics in the rapid gravity flow of granular materials},
	journal = {Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering},
	year = {2006},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391363},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S0040579506040099},
	citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/t440l82683277215},
	doi = {10.1134/S0040579506040099},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/t440l82683277215},
	volume = {40},
	pages = {-404},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4142
@article{conway0000instabilityinduced,

	author = {Conway, Stephen L. and Liu, Xue and Glasser, Benjamin J.},
	title = {Instability-induced clustering and segregation in high-shear Couette flows of model granular materials},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Controlling unwanted segregation of components within a particle mixture is a longstanding goal in particle processing technologies. We investigate flow-induced clustering and consequent segregation of cohesionless particulate mixtures flowing rapidly in high-shear Couette geometries, comparing results from particle-dynamic (PD) simulations, kinetic theory and experiments. Using spheres and disks and a simplified plug instability as a surrogate for the variety of coherent flow structures, we find that density, velocity, and granular temperature gradients, and possibly, initiation of vorticity, influence the onset and nature of segregation. For equal density particles, simulations and experiments show that there exists a critical solids fraction at which the direction of segregation is reversed and streamwise diffusivity drops significantly, which appears to correspond to a point where the thermal diffusion flux no longer dominates over other terms. Results compare favorably to those from binary kinetic theories with one exception. We find that the 1D steady-state theoretical solutions do not capture the flux reversal observed in PD simulations of the equal density mixtures. Finally, we illustrate how local density variations can severely affect particle size distribution measurements.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391362},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4K5RBJJ-1/2/1273345d7d4dd9dbfc9edebfb1c1f87b},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, cluster, couette, granular, jin, kinetics, particle, segregation, suns},
	number = {19},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-4K5RBJJ-1/2/1273345d7d4dd9dbfc9edebfb1c1f87b},
	volume = {61},
	pages = {-6423},

	keywords = {
		cluster,
		couette,
		granular,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		particle,
		segregation,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 4143
@article{garzo0000mass,

	author = {Garzo, Vicente and Montanero, Jose M. and Dufty, James W.},
	title = {Mass and heat fluxes for a binary granular mixture at low density},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391361},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/083305/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boltzmann, cooling, flow, granular, hydrodynamics, instability, jin, mass, navierstokes, polynomial, suns, transfer},
	number = {8},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:26},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {AIP},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/083305/1},
	volume = {18},
	pages = {-14},

	keywords = {
		boltzmann,
		cooling,
		flow,
		granular,
		hydrodynamics,
		instability,
		jin,
		mass,
		navier, stokes,
		polynomial,
		suns,
		transfer,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4144
@article{moon0000compaction,

	author = {Moon, Sung J. and Kevrekidis, I. G. and Sundaresan, S.},
	title = {Compaction and dilation rate dependence of stresses in gas-fluidized beds},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391360},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/083304/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, aerodynamics, bed, flow, fluidization, granular, hydrodynamics, jin, kinetics, medium, porosity, suns, tensor, wave},
	number = {8},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:26},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {AIP},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/083304/1},
	volume = {18},
	pages = {-14},

	keywords = {
		aerodynamics,
		bed,
		flow,
		fluidization,
		granular,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		medium,
		porosity,
		suns,
		tensor,
		wave,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4145
@article{verberg0000rheology,

	author = {Verberg, Rolf and Koch, Donald L.},
	title = {Rheology of particle suspensions with low to moderate fluid inertia at finite particle inertia},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391359},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/083303/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, granular, jin, kinetics, rheology, slip, suns, suspension, viscosity},
	number = {8},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:26},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {AIP},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/083303/1},
	volume = {18},
	pages = {-16},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		rheology,
		slip,
		suns,
		suspension,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4146
@article{chen0000boundary,

	author = {Chen, Jiun-Shyan and Wang, Hui-Ping},
	title = {New boundary condition treatments in meshfree computation of contact problems},
	journal = {Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Due to the loss of Kronecker delta properties in the meshfree shape functions, the imposition of essential boundary conditions consumes significant CPU time in meshfree computation. In this work, two boundary condition treatments are proposed to enhance the computational efficiency of meshfree methods for contact problems. The mixed transformation method is modified from the previous full transformation method by introducing a node partitioning and a mixed coordinate so that the matrix inversion and multiplication of coordinate transformation involves operations only on the sub-degrees of freedom associated with the boundary group. The boundary singular kernel method introduces singularities to the kernel functions of the essential and contact boundary nodes so that the corresponding coefficients of the singular kernel shape functions recover nodal values, and consequently kinematic constraints can be imposed directly. The effectiveness of the proposed methods is demonstrated in several numerical examples.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391358},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V29-48CNXSB-4/2/9806931f05edb574baef9780fac9dfb1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3-4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V29-48CNXSB-4/2/9806931f05edb574baef9780fac9dfb1},
	volume = {187},
	pages = {-468},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4147
@article{zhang0000parallelized,

	author = {Zhang, Lucy T. and Wagner, Gregory J. and Liu, Wing K.},
	title = {A Parallelized Meshfree Method with Boundary Enrichment for Large-Scale CFD},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A parallel computational implementation of a meshfree method--the reproducing kernel particle method (RKPM)--is used for 3-D implicit CFD analysis. A novel procedure for implementing the essential boundary condition using the hierarchical enrichment method is presented. Using this enrichment along the essential boundaries produces results that more closely match experimental and analytical results for a flow past a cylinder problem than does either the finite-element method or other meshfree methods that require matrix inversion for the application of essential boundary conditions. This technique also allows the efficient parallelization of the algorithm and leads to higher parallel speedups than do other boundary condition implementations, many of which involve inherently serial steps; this is important, because the expense of meshfree computations makes parallelization crucial for large-size problems. The performance of the parallelization technique and the accuracy of the implicit CFD algorithm are demonstrated in two example problems.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391356},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-45F4WGB-C/2/c23852c6af397ea4d4f111407dd751ac},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-45F4WGB-C/2/c23852c6af397ea4d4f111407dd751ac},
	volume = {176},
	pages = {-506},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4148
@article{christie0000uncertainty,

	author = {Christie, Mike and Demyanov, Vasily and Erbas, Demet},
	title = {Uncertainty quantification for porous media flows},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Uncertainty quantification is an increasingly important aspect of many areas of computational science, where the challenge is to make reliable predictions about the performance of complex physical systems in the absence of complete or reliable data. Predicting flows of oil and water through oil reservoirs is an example of a complex system where accuracy in prediction is needed primarily for financial reasons. Simulation of fluid flow in oil reservoirs is usually carried out using large commercially written finite difference simulators solving conservation equations describing the multi-phase flow through the porous reservoir rocks. This paper examines a Bayesian Framework for uncertainty quantification in porous media flows that uses a stochastic sampling algorithm to generate models that match observed data. Machine learning algorithms are used to speed up the identification of regions in parameter space where good matches to observed data can be found.},
	booktitle = {Uncertainty Quantification in Simulation Science},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391355},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4JCBPM8-2/2/fb85ebe93b26b9b71ca6817af3d279f0},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, genetic, jin, network, neural, petroleum, sampling, stochastic, suns, uncertainty},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4JCBPM8-2/2/fb85ebe93b26b9b71ca6817af3d279f0},
	volume = {217},
	pages = {-158},

	keywords = {
		genetic,
		jin,
		network,
		neural,
		petroleum,
		sampling,
		stochastic,
		suns,
		uncertainty,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4149
@article{karniadakis0000uncertainty,

	author = {Karniadakis, George E. and Glimm, James},
	title = {Uncertainty quantification in simulation science},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	booktitle = {Uncertainty Quantification in Simulation Science},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391354},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4KFV3R1-2/2/e4d559186af4c14ea7734b004a3b1678},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4KFV3R1-2/2/e4d559186af4c14ea7734b004a3b1678},
	volume = {217},
	pages = {-4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4150
@article{liu0000immersed,

	author = {Liu, Wing K. and Liu, Yaling and Farrell, David and Zhang, Lucy and Wang, X. Sheldon and Fukui, Yoshio and Patankar, Neelesh and Zhang, Yongjie and Bajaj, Chandrajit and Lee, Junghoon},
	title = {Immersed finite element method and its applications to biological systems},
	journal = {Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This paper summarizes the newly developed immersed finite element method (IFEM) and its applications to the modeling of biological systems. This work was inspired by the pioneering work of Professor T.J.R. Hughes in solving fluid-structure interaction problems. In IFEM, a Lagrangian solid mesh moves on top of a background Eulerian fluid mesh which spans the entire computational domain. Hence, mesh generation is greatly simplified. Moreover, both fluid and solid domains are modeled with the finite element method and the continuity between the fluid and solid sub-domains is enforced via the interpolation of the velocities and the distribution of the forces with the reproducing Kernel particle method (RKPM) delta function. The proposed method is used to study the fluid-structure interaction problems encountered in human cardiovascular systems. Currently, the heart modeling is being constructed and the deployment process of an angioplasty stent has been simulated. Some preliminary results on monocyte and platelet deposition are presented. Blood rheology, in particular, the shear-rate dependent de-aggregation of red blood cell (RBC) clusters and the transport of deformable cells, are modeled. Furthermore, IFEM is combined with electrokinetics to study the mechanisms of nano/bio filament assembly for the understanding of cell motility.},
	booktitle = {A Tribute to Thomas J.R. Hughes on the Occasion of his 60th Birthday},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391353},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V29-4H21K4S-C/2/a6d3a7b6f6afe1063e587e2d6f22ac03},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, aggregation, blood, cardiovascular, cell, cytoskeleton, dynamics, fluidstructure, immersed, interaction, jin, kernel, microcirculation, motility, nanosensor, particle, suns, surgical, thrombosis},
	number = {13-16},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V29-4H21K4S-C/2/a6d3a7b6f6afe1063e587e2d6f22ac03},
	volume = {195},
	pages = {-1749},

	keywords = {
		aggregation,
		blood,
		cardiovascular,
		cell,
		cytoskeleton,
		dynamics,
		fluid, structure,
		immersed,
		interaction,
		jin,
		kernel,
		microcirculation,
		motility,
		nanosensor,
		particle,
		suns,
		surgical,
		thrombosis,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4151
@article{liu0000bridging,

	author = {Liu, Wing K. and Park, Harold S. and Qian, Dong and Karpov, Eduard G. and Kadowaki, Hiroshi and Wagner, Gregory J.},
	title = {Bridging scale methods for nanomechanics and materials},
	journal = {Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Inspired by the pioneering work of Professor T.J.R. Hughes on the variational multi-scale method, this document summarizes recent developments in multiple-scale modeling using a newly developed technique called the bridging scale. The bridging scale consists of a two-scale decomposition in which the coarse scale is simulated using continuum methods, while the fine scale is simulated using atomistic approaches. The bridging scale offers unique advantages in that the coarse and fine scales evolve on separate time scales, while the high frequency waves emitted from the fine scale are eliminated using lattice impedance techniques. Recent advances in extending the bridging scale to quantum mechanical/continuum coupling are briefly described. The method capabilities are demonstrated via quasistatic nanotube bending, dynamic crack propagation and dynamic shear banding.},
	booktitle = {A Tribute to Thomas J.R. Hughes on the Occasion of his 60th Birthday},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391352},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V29-4H0S18G-5/2/2b9fd2259366d8cb889870298c89c054},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bridge, carbon, dynamics, fracture, jin, langevin, mechanicscontinuum, molecule, nanotube, scale, suns, temperature},
	number = {13-16},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V29-4H0S18G-5/2/2b9fd2259366d8cb889870298c89c054},
	volume = {195},
	pages = {-1421},

	keywords = {
		bridge,
		carbon,
		dynamics,
		fracture,
		jin,
		langevin,
		mechanicscontinuum,
		molecule,
		nanotube,
		scale,
		suns,
		temperature,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4152
@article{zhang0000immersed,

	author = {Zhang, Lucy and Gerstenberger, Axel and Wang, Xiaodong and Liu, Wing K.},
	title = {Immersed finite element method},
	journal = {Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In this paper, the immersed finite element method (IFEM) is proposed for the solution of complex fluid and deformable structure interaction problems encountered in many physical models. In IFEM, a Lagrangian solid mesh moves on top of a background Eulerian fluid mesh which spans over the entire computational domain. Hence, the mesh generation is greatly simplified. Moreover, both fluid and solid domains are modeled with the finite element methods and the continuity between the fluid and solid sub-domains are enforced via the interpolation of the velocities and the distribution of the forces with the reproducing kernel particle method (RKPM) delta function. In comparison with the immersed boundary (IB) method, the higher-ordered RKPM delta function enables the fluid domain to have nonuniform spatial meshes with arbitrary geometries and boundary conditions. The use of such kernel functions may eventually open doors to multi-scale and multi-resolution modelings of complex fluid-structure interaction problems. Rigid and deformable spheres dropping in channels are simulated to demonstrate the unique capabilities of the proposed method. The results compare well with the experimental data. To the authors' knowledge, these are the first solutions that deal with particulate flows with very flexible solids.},
	booktitle = {Flow Simulation and Modeling},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391351},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V29-4BS0H87-5/2/3d6bc1e4d22cec4a83340110b6f3d98f},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boundary, flow, fluidstructure, immersed, interaction, jin, kernel, particle, suns},
	number = {21-22},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V29-4BS0H87-5/2/3d6bc1e4d22cec4a83340110b6f3d98f},
	volume = {193},
	pages = {-2067},

	keywords = {
		boundary,
		flow,
		fluid, structure,
		immersed,
		interaction,
		jin,
		kernel,
		particle,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4153
@article{balevicius0000investigation,

	author = {Balevicius, R. and Dziugys, A. and Kacianauskas, R. and Maknickas, A. and Vislavicius, K.},
	title = {Investigation of performance of programming approaches and languages used for numerical simulation of granular material by the discrete element method},
	journal = {Computer Physics Communications},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Performance of programming approaches and languages used for the development of software codes for numerical simulation of granular material dynamics by the discrete element method (DEM) is investigated. The granular material considered represents a space filled with discrete spherical visco-elastic particles, and the behaviour of material under imposed conditions is simulated using the DEM. The object-oriented programming approach (implemented via C++) was compared with the procedural approach (using FORTRAN 90 and OBJECT PASCAL) in order to test their efficiency. The identical neighbour-searching algorithm, contact forces model and time integration method were implemented in all versions of codes.Two identical representative examples of the dynamic behaviour of granular material on a personal computer (compatible with IBM PC) were solved. The results show that software based on procedural approach runs faster in compare with software based on OOP, and software developed by FORTRAN 90 runs faster in compare with software developed by OBJECT PASCAL.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391350},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ5-4KGX8C7-2/2/83369d523febb323ffce63102a1bd243},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, discrete, granular, jin, material, mechanics, performance, programming, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ5-4KGX8C7-2/2/83369d523febb323ffce63102a1bd243},
	volume = {175},
	pages = {-415},

	keywords = {
		discrete,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		mechanics,
		performance,
		programming,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4154
@article{monaghan0000simulation,

	author = {Monaghan, J. J. and Kocharyan, A.},
	title = {SPH simulation of multi-phase flow},
	journal = {Computer Physics Communications},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This paper shows how to formulate the two phase flow of a dusty gas using SPH. The formulation is very general and can be easily extended to deal with gas, solid and liquid phases in each of which there may be several species.},
	booktitle = {Particle Simulation Methods},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391349},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ5-40324WV-1D/2/908fcdbf9da70b80957a6e4d4a1d04d8},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1-2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ5-40324WV-1D/2/908fcdbf9da70b80957a6e4d4a1d04d8},
	volume = {87},
	pages = {-235},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4155
@article{kazeminezhad0000particle,

	author = {Kazeminezhad, F. and Zalesak, S. and Spicer, D.},
	title = {A particle model on an unstructured mesh},
	journal = {Computer Physics Communications},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We describe a particle in the cell scheme which incorporates finite elements in space and finite difference in time to follow the trajectories of particles in their self consistent fields. As such the model exploits the power of finite element techniques to better investigate the rich physics embedded in the particle or kinetic models. A brief description of the foundations of the hybrid model of kinetic ions and mass-less fluid electrons is first presented, followed by a brief summary of linear finite elements on triangles with relevance to the particle modeling. The particle trace method on triangular elements, particle to node density assignment, node to particle response, the scheme algorithm, numerical stability, and finally tests of the code via eigenmode analysis and comparison with the analytic theory and the structured simulation results are presented. The version presented here is a one.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391348},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ5-4037R3H-8/2/7cd3f86cbe8790b58d58350efd67e6f5},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, collision, jin, physics, plasma, suns},
	number = {2-3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ5-4037R3H-8/2/7cd3f86cbe8790b58d58350efd67e6f5},
	volume = {90},
	pages = {-292},

	keywords = {
		collision,
		jin,
		physics,
		plasma,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4156
@article{larson0000correction,

	author = {Larson, David J. and Hewett, Dennis W. and Langdon, A. Bruce},
	title = {Correction factors for PIC accumulation on radial grids},
	journal = {Computer Physics Communications},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We show that use of linear weighting, the most common method of interpolating particle quantities to a spatial grid, produces errors in the accumulated particle quantities when applied on a radial grid for the uniform density case. An analysis of the error is given along with several strategies for correcting the erroneous results in order to produce the correct force at the particle locations.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391347},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ5-4037R3H-7/2/d9bd6f542f2108c6fbf2a3bee2919c36},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2-3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ5-4037R3H-7/2/d9bd6f542f2108c6fbf2a3bee2919c36},
	volume = {90},
	pages = {-266},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4157
@article{kawaguchi0000numerical,

	author = {Kawaguchi, T. and Tanaka, T. and Tsuji, Y.},
	title = {Numerical simulation of two-dimensional fluidized beds using the discrete element method (comparison between the two- and three-dimensional models)},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {An Eulerian/Lagrangian-type numerical simulation was performed on a two-dimensional fluidized bed in which the particle motion is restricted by parallel front and rear walls. Particle motion was calculated using Newton's equation of motion, and the contact forces were modeled by the discrete element method. The locally averaged equations were solved to calculate the fluid motion, taking into account the interaction between fluid and particles. Two kinds of models were used regarding the calculation of the particle motion: a two-dimensional model and a three-dimensional model. Results for both cases were compared with each other and the effect of the walls on the particle motion is discussed. Cases where partition walls are set up artificially in the bed are also calculated.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391346},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-3SR4N0V-5/2/c39f21cba656e3918ce03eea29090b2f},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, discrete, fluidization, jin, numeric, oois, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-3SR4N0V-5/2/c39f21cba656e3918ce03eea29090b2f},
	volume = {96},
	pages = {-138},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		discrete,
		fluidization,
		jin,
		numeric,
		oois,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4158
@article{mccarthy0000particle,

	author = {McCarthy, J. J. and Ottino, J. M.},
	title = {Particle dynamics simulation: a hybrid technique applied to granular mixing},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Soft-sphere particle dynamics simulations have found wide use in recent years. One application for which this technique is particularly well suited is that of granular mixing. Particle properties can be varied on a particle-by-particle basis and detailed mixed structures are easily captured and visualized. While this method has proven to be quite versatile, it is computationally intensive. Current particle dynamics simulations in the literature generally handle 3000-5000 particles, whereas a typical industrial may easily contain as many as 109 particles--six orders of magnitude more. However, in certain circumstances -- such as in a tumbler mixer, where the bulk of the particle motion consists of a solid body rotation -- it is not necessary to explicitly calculate the motion of all of the particles. By combining particle dynamics and geometrical insight, in essence, by focusing the particle dynamics simulation only where it is needed, a new hybrid method of simulation, which is much faster than a conventional particle dynamics method, can be achieved. This technique can yield more than an order of magnitude increase in computational speed, allowing simulations of the order of 102 particles, while maintaining the versatility of a particle dynamics simulation. Two applications of this technique are presented: a tumbler operated in the avalanching regime and a continuously flowing tumbler.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391345},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-3W7PV3R-F/2/b8e3225d374ac63841ebd25a1f20a066},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, granular, jin, medium, mixing, particle, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-3W7PV3R-F/2/b8e3225d374ac63841ebd25a1f20a066},
	volume = {97},
	pages = {-99},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		granular,
		jin,
		medium,
		mixing,
		particle,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4159
@article{provatas1997growth,

	author = {Provatas, N. and Haataja, M. and Seppala, E. and Majaniemi, S. and Astrom, J. and Alava, M. and Ala-Nissila, T.},
	title = {Growth, percolation, and correlations in disordered fiber networks},
	journal = {Journal of Statistical Physics},
	year = {1997},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391344},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02181493},
	doi = {10.1007/BF02181493},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1 - 2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02181493},
	volume = {87},
	pages = {-413},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4160
@article{santra0000fluidinduced,

	author = {Santra, Sitangshu B. and Schwarzer, Stefan and Herrmann, Hans},
	title = {Fluid-induced particle-size segregation in sheared granular assemblies},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391343},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v54/p5066},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	old_pages = {5066+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:23},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {American Physical Society},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v54/p5066},
	volume = {54},
	pages = {5066+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4161
@article{kalthoff0000algorithm,

	author = {Kalthoff, W. and Schwarzer, S. and Herrmann, H. J.},
	title = {Algorithm for the simulation of particle suspensions with inertia effects},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391342},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v56/p2234},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {2234+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:23},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {American Physical Society},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v56/p2234},
	volume = {56},
	pages = {2234+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4162
@article{kuusela0000sedimentation,

	author = {Kuusela, E. and Lahtinen, J. M. and Ala-Nissila, T.},
	title = {Sedimentation dynamics of spherical particles in confined geometries},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391341},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v69/e066310},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, diffusion, dynamics, flow, fluctuation, fluid, geometry, hydrodynamics, jin, sediment, suns, twophase},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:23},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v69/e066310},
	volume = {69},
	pages = {-9},

	keywords = {
		diffusion,
		dynamics,
		flow,
		fluctuation,
		fluid,
		geometry,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		sediment,
		suns,
		twophase,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4163
@article{yu0000particlescale,

	author = {Yu, A. B. and Xu, B. H.},
	title = {Particle-scale modelling of gas-solid flow in fluidisation},
	journal = {Journal of Chemical Technology \& Biotechnology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Various approaches have been proposed to model the gas-solid two-phase flow at different time and length scales, including the so-called two-fluid model (TFM), direct numerical simulation (DNS) and combined continuum and discrete model (CCDM). This paper briefly discusses the key features of these models and their relative merit with special reference to modelling gas fluidisation. Focus is then given to CCDM in which the motion of individual particles is obtained by solving Newton's second law of motion and fluid flow by the Navier-Stokes equation based on the concept of local average. The applicability of CCDM is highlighted by its successful simulation of complicated phenomena associated with the transition between fluid-like and solid-like behaviour in raceway formation and bed expansion. At the same time, the usefulness of the resulting particle-scale information is demonstrated in elucidating the fundamentals governing the gas-solid flow. Finally, areas for future development are discussed.{\\copyright} 2003 Society of Chemical Industry},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391340},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2-3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:23},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {-121},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4164
@article{hofler0000navierstokes,

	author = {Hofler, Kai and Schwarzer, Stefan},
	title = {Navier-Stokes simulation with constraint forces: Finite-difference method for particle-laden flows and complex geometries},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391339},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v61/p7146},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	old_pages = {7146+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:23},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {American Physical Society},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v61/p7146},
	volume = {61},
	pages = {7146+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4165
@article{schwarzer0000sedimentation,

	author = {Schwarzer, Stefan},
	title = {Sedimentation and flow through porous media: Simulating dynamically coupled discrete and continuum phases},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391338},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v52/p6461},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	old_pages = {6461+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:23},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {American Physical Society},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v52/p6461},
	volume = {52},
	pages = {6461+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4166
@article{zhou0000improved,

	author = {Zhou, Q. and Leschziner, M. A.},
	title = {An improved particle-locating algorithm for Eulerian-Lagrangian computations of two-phase flows in general coordinates},
	journal = {International Journal of Multiphase Flow},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A new scheme is proposed for tracking the position of particles within a fixed mesh used to compute the motion of a continuous carrier fluid. The principal output of the scheme is the identification of the grid cell within which the particle resides at any time during the tracking of its trajectory. This information is required for the solution of the particle-motion equation and for modelling the exchange processes between the particle and surrounding fluid. The new method is explained in detail, and its performance is contrasted, by way of two examples, against a recently proposed highly efficient scheme. It is shown that the new method is about 30\% faster than that scheme, held to be the most efficient algorithm documented in the literature.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391337},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V45-3WTNF41-3/2/ede26e2ae70e3e4b7fc8c57c924813c3},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, eulerlagrange, jin, model, particle, suns, tracking},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V45-3WTNF41-3/2/ede26e2ae70e3e4b7fc8c57c924813c3},
	volume = {25},
	pages = {-825},

	keywords = {
		euler, lagrange,
		jin,
		model,
		particle,
		suns,
		tracking,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4167
@article{liang0000effects,

	author = {Liang and Hong, T. and Fan},
	title = {Effects of particle arrangements on the drag force of a particle in the intermediate flow regime},
	journal = {International Journal of Multiphase Flow},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The drag force of a single particle in the presence of other equal-sized particles arranged in specific configurations is measured directly for Re from 30 to 106. Four particle arrangements are investigated: a two-particle configuration (Model I), a three-coaligned particle configuration (Model II), a hexagonal particle configuration (Model III) and a cubic particle configuration (Model IV). Variables studied include the particle Reynolds number (Re) and the separation distance. The effect of pipe wall on the measurement results is also examined. The measured drag force, expressed in terms of the drag ratio, is compared with the theoretical values at zero Re and the experimental values for 100 3 reported in the literature. Comparisons of the experimentally determined drag ratios with numerically simulated values are also conducted. Because of the Re effect, the drag ratio curves for Model I are no longer symmetrical with respect to \\$[\\$theta\\$]\\$ = 90\\$[\\$deg\\$]\\$ as observed for the Stokes flow. The results for Model I at \\$[\\$theta\\$]\\$ = 90\\$[\\$deg\\$]\\$ show that the drag ratio increases with the separation distance and then decreases with further increasing separation distance, and the combination of the Re and wall effects causes the drag ratios higher than unity. For Model II, the drag ratio of the middle particle is lower than that of the upper particle at small separation distances but becomes slightly higher beyond a certain separation distance. The computational results provide detailed information on the flow field around each particle, and the pressure and the shear stress distributions on particle surfaces. The numerically simulated drag ratios compare reasonably well with the experimental data. The drag ratio behavior for Model IV is found to be similar to Models I and III; however, the Re does not seem to affect the drag ratio. The results of the flow visualization conducted in this study clearly demonstrate a significant change of the wake structure of Models I and III at different separation distances.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391336},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V45-3VVTWXH-6/2/670c0c40bec0682976f0ff3e1c44c53e},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, drag, flow, force, jin, particle, regime, separation, suns, wall},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V45-3VVTWXH-6/2/670c0c40bec0682976f0ff3e1c44c53e},
	volume = {22},
	pages = {-306},

	keywords = {
		drag,
		flow,
		force,
		jin,
		particle,
		regime,
		separation,
		suns,
		wall,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4168
@article{lathouwers0000modeling,

	author = {Lathouwers, D. and Bellan, J.},
	title = {Modeling of dense gas-solid reactive mixtures applied to biomass pyrolysis in a fluidized bed},
	journal = {International Journal of Multiphase Flow},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391335},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V45-448YM6H-7/2/dde7addfb967c3cc6d72ff92dc76c826},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {12},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V45-448YM6H-7/2/dde7addfb967c3cc6d72ff92dc76c826},
	volume = {27},
	pages = {-2187},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4169
@article{kitagawa0000twoway,

	author = {Kitagawa, Atsuhide and Murai, Yuichi and Yamamoto, Fujio},
	title = {Two-way coupling of Eulerian-Lagrangian model for dispersed multiphase flows using filtering functions},
	journal = {International Journal of Multiphase Flow},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391334},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V45-448YM6H-6/2/b960667906c9ba754a1b9c9d9fdb2ad7},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, convection, dispersion, dynamics, eulerlagrange, flow, fluctuation, fluid, jin, model, multiphase, natural, numeric, suns, turbulence, velocity},
	number = {12},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V45-448YM6H-6/2/b960667906c9ba754a1b9c9d9fdb2ad7},
	volume = {27},
	pages = {-2153},

	keywords = {
		convection,
		dispersion,
		dynamics,
		euler, lagrange,
		flow,
		fluctuation,
		fluid,
		jin,
		model,
		multiphase,
		natural,
		numeric,
		suns,
		turbulence,
		velocity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4170
@article{yoon0000influence,

	author = {Yoon, David K. and Jenkins, James T.},
	title = {The influence of different species' granular temperatures on segregation in a binary mixture of dissipative grains},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391333},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/073303/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, granular, jin, kinetics, mixing, segregation, suns},
	number = {7},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:23},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {AIP},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/073303/1},
	volume = {18},
	pages = {-6},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		mixing,
		segregation,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4171
@article{harris2006some,

	author = {Harris, David},
	title = {Some Properties of a New Model for Slow Flow of Granular Materials},
	journal = {Meccanica},
	year = {2006},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391332},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11012-005-5903-7},
	doi = {10.1007/s11012-005-5903-7},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11012-005-5903-7},
	volume = {41},
	pages = {-362},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4172
@article{klein0000interstitial,

	author = {Klein, M. and Tsai, L. L. and Rosen, M. S. and Pavlin, T. and Candela, D. and Walsworth, R. L.},
	title = {Interstitial gas and density segregation of vertically vibrated granular media},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391331},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e010301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, fluid, granular, instability, jin, oscillation, suns, viscosity},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:23},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e010301},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {-4},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		fluid,
		granular,
		instability,
		jin,
		oscillation,
		suns,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4173
@article{han0000velocity,

	author = {Han, Song-I and Pierce, Kimberly L. and Pines, Alexander},
	title = {NMR velocity mapping of gas flow around solid objects},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391330},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e016302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, aerodynamics, flow, formation, jin, nmr, pattern, suns, velocimetry, visualization, wake},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:23},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e016302},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {-6},

	keywords = {
		aerodynamics,
		flow,
		formation,
		jin,
		nmr,
		pattern,
		suns,
		velocimetry,
		visualization,
		wake,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4174
@article{schroter0000mechanisms,

	author = {Schroter, Matthias and Ulrich, Stephan and Kreft, Jennifer and Swift, Jack B. and Swinney, Harry L.},
	title = {Mechanisms in the size segregation of a binary granular mixture},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391329},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e011307},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, diffusion, granular, jin, kinetics, material, segregation, suns, thermal},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:23},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e011307},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {-14},

	keywords = {
		diffusion,
		granular,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		material,
		segregation,
		suns,
		thermal,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4175
@article{reis0000crystallization,

	author = {Reis, P. M. and Ingale, R. A. and Shattuck, M. D.},
	title = {Crystallization of a Quasi-Two-Dimensional Granular Fluid},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391328},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v96/e258001},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {25},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:22},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v96/e258001},
	volume = {96},
	pages = {-4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4176
@article{zeilstra0000simulation,

	author = {Zeilstra, C. and van der Hoef, M. A. and Kuipers, J. A. M.},
	title = {Simulation study of air-induced segregation of equal-sized bronze and glass particles},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391327},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e010302},
	comment = {The initia mechanism explained is similar to that in my paper. The two stages in one-cycle are similar too.},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, flow, fluid, granular, jin, molecule, segregation, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:22},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e010302},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {-4},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		flow,
		fluid,
		granular,
		jin,
		molecule,
		segregation,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4177
@article{hecht0000shear,

	author = {Hecht, Martin and Harting, Jens and Bier, Markus and Reinshagen, Jorg and Herrmann, Hans J.},
	title = {Shear viscosity of claylike colloids in computer simulations and experiments},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391326},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e021403},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, aluminum, colloid, compound, debyehuckel, dynamics, flow, jin, molecule, shear, solvent, stochastic, suns, surface, suspension, viscosity},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:21},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v74/e021403},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {-12},

	keywords = {
		aluminum,
		colloid,
		compound,
		debye, huckel,
		dynamics,
		flow,
		jin,
		molecule,
		shear,
		solvent,
		stochastic,
		suns,
		surface,
		suspension,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4178
@article{wambaugh0000ratchetinduced,

	author = {Wambaugh, J. F. and Reichhardt, C. and Olson, C. J.},
	title = {Ratchet-induced segregation and transport of nonspherical grains},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391324},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v65/e031308},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	old_pages = {031308+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:21},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {American Physical Society},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v65/e031308},
	volume = {65},
	pages = {031308+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4179
@article{egolf0000equilibrium,

	author = {Egolf, David A.},
	title = {Equilibrium Regained: From Nonequilibrium Chaos to Statistical Mechanics},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391323},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/287/5450/101},
	comment = {10.1126/science.287.5450.101},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5450},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/287/5450/101},
	volume = {287},
	pages = {-104},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4180
@article{oran0000direct,

	author = {Oran, E. S. and Oh, C. K. and Cybyk, B. Z.},
	title = {DIRECT SIMULATION MONTE CARLO: Recent Advances and Applications1},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The principles of and procedures for implementing direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) are described. Guidelines to inherent and external errors common in DSMC applications are provided. Three applications of DSMC to transitional and nonequilibrium flows are considered: rarefied atmospheric flows, growth of thin films, and microsystems. Selected new, potentially important advances in DSMC capabilities are described: Lagrangian DSMC, optimization on parallel computers, and hybrid algorithms for computations in mixed flow regimes. Finally, the limitations of current computer technology for using DSMC to compute low-speed, high-Knudsen-number flows are outlined as future challenges.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391322},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.fluid.30.1.403},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.fluid.30.1.403},
	volume = {30},
	pages = {-441},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4181
@article{yen0000numerical,

	author = {Yen, S. M.},
	title = {Numerical Solution of the Nonlinear Boltzmann Equation for Nonequilibrium Gas Flow Problems},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391321},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.fl.16.010184.000435},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.fl.16.010184.000435},
	volume = {16},
	pages = {-97},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4182
@article{shapiro0000statistical,

	author = {Shapiro, Alexander A. and Stenby, Erling H.},
	title = {Statistical description of segregation in a powder mixture},
	journal = {Physica A: Statistical and Theoretical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In this paper we apply the statistical mechanics of powders to describe a segregated state in a mixture of grains of different sizes. Variation of the density of a packing with a depth arising due to changes of particle configurations is studied. The statistical mechanics of powders is generalized in such a way as to consider not only binary mixtures (as its first formulation by A. Mehta and S.F. Edwards), but also polydisperse mixtures of particles.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391320},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-3VTNGDG-4/2/c8c618bcb6aced46f8fe4a177940aeee},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3-4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-3VTNGDG-4/2/c8c618bcb6aced46f8fe4a177940aeee},
	volume = {226},
	pages = {-309},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4183
@article{caglioti0000cooperative,

	author = {Caglioti, Emanuele and Coniglio, Antonio and Herrmann, Hans J. and Loreto, Vittorio and Nicodemi, Mario},
	title = {Cooperative length approach for granular media},
	journal = {Physica A: Statistical and Theoretical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We analyze the non-equilibrium relaxation properties of granular materials in the perspective of a cooperative length approach of Adam and Gibbs. The existence of complex geometrical interactions between the grains induces a rough landscape in the structure of the allowable phase space and in the configurational entropy. At their turn these effects induce the need of complex cooperative rearrangements which account for the very slow relaxation dynamics of these systems. On this basis we relate quantitatively the characteristic dynamical properties to quasistatic quantities, e.g. free-volume and configurational entropy.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391319},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-3W1Y5BP-T/2/cd36a33e70e845d678d8a9e3bcb4f790},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, entropy, jin, region, relaxation, suns, volume},
	number = {1-2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-3W1Y5BP-T/2/cd36a33e70e845d678d8a9e3bcb4f790},
	volume = {265},
	pages = {-318},

	keywords = {
		entropy,
		jin,
		region,
		relaxation,
		suns,
		volume,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4184
@article{bouchaud0000introduction,

	author = {Bouchaud, Jean-Philippe},
	title = {An introduction to statistical finance},
	journal = {Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We summarize recent research in a rapid growing field, that of statistical finance, also called \&lsquo;econophysics\&rsquo;. There are three main themes in this activity: (i) empirical studies and the discovery of interesting universal features in the statistical texture of financial time series, (ii) the use of these empirical results to devise better models of risk and derivative pricing, of direct interest for the financial industry, and (iii) the study of \&lsquo;agent-based models\&rsquo; in order to unveil the basic mechanisms that are responsible for the statistical \&lsquo;anomalies\&rsquo; observed in financial time series. We give a brief overview of some of the results in these three directions.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391318},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-4651380-6/2/4560e46c45c07f71c95912699ea062d8},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1-2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-4651380-6/2/4560e46c45c07f71c95912699ea062d8},
	volume = {313},
	pages = {-251},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4185
@article{evans0000nonequilibrium,

	author = {Evans, M. R. and Blythe, R. A.},
	title = {Nonequilibrium dynamics in low-dimensional systems},
	journal = {Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In these lectures we give an overview of nonequilibrium stochastic systems. In particular we discuss in detail two models, the asymmetric exclusion process and a ballistic reaction model, that illustrate many general features of nonequilibrium dynamics: for example coarsening dynamics and nonequilibrium phase transitions. As a secondary theme we shall show how a common mathematical structure, the q-deformed harmonic oscillator algebra, serves to furnish exact results for both systems. Thus the lectures also serve as a gentle introduction to things q-deformed.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391317},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-4657242-5/2/d60f64d2cfa37ccf15bcacee2c597b61},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, jin, kinetics, nonequilibrium, phase, reaction, stochastic, suns, transition},
	number = {1-2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-4657242-5/2/d60f64d2cfa37ccf15bcacee2c597b61},
	volume = {313},
	pages = {-152},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		nonequilibrium,
		phase,
		reaction,
		stochastic,
		suns,
		transition,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4186
@article{herrmann0000granular,

	author = {Herrmann, H. J.},
	title = {Granular matter},
	journal = {Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This is an introductory course into some aspects of the physics of granular materials. Three theoretical questions are looked into more detail corresponding to the 3 h of the course: I present some statistical models to describe the shape of a heap under impact and present a way to calculate the angle of repose from the first principle. The second part contains the theoretical framework of a hydrodynamic description of fluid sand and the calculation of transport properties using kinetic gas theory. Cooling and clustering are given as example and counter-example. The last part focusses on packings and in particular on lattice models for compaction dynamics.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391316},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-4657242-3/2/1afb930d7faf1241df4eece1436152ed},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, compaction, evolution, granular, hydrodynamics, jin, material, packing, suns, surface},
	number = {1-2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-4657242-3/2/1afb930d7faf1241df4eece1436152ed},
	volume = {313},
	pages = {-210},

	keywords = {
		compaction,
		evolution,
		granular,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		material,
		packing,
		suns,
		surface,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4187
@article{mehta0000statistical,

	author = {Mehta, Anita and Edwards, S. F.},
	title = {Statistical mechanics of powder mixtures},
	journal = {Physica A: Statistical and Theoretical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In this paper we use a new formulation of the statistical mechanics of powders to develop a theory for a mixture of grains of two different sizes. We map this problem onto the spin formulation of the eight-vertex model and reproduce the features of the phase separation diagram of the powder mixture that we would intuitively be led to expect. Finally, we discuss the insight afforded by this solution on the \&ldquo;thermodynamic\&rdquo; quantities of interest in the powder mixture.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391315},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-46DF78R-C5/2/58081bb8a310d480ecef7b3c8b49f35d},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-46DF78R-C5/2/58081bb8a310d480ecef7b3c8b49f35d},
	volume = {157},
	pages = {-1100},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4188
@article{edwards0000theory,

	author = {Edwards, S. F. and Oakeshott, R. B. S.},
	title = {Theory of powders},
	journal = {Physica A: Statistical and Theoretical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Starting from the observations that powders have a large number of particles, and reproducible properties, we show how statistical mechanics applies to powders. The volume of the powder plays the role of the energy in conventional statistical mechanics with the hypothesis that all states of a specified volume are equally probable. We introduce a variable X - the compactivity - which is analogous to the temperature in thermodynamics. Some simple models are considered which demonstrate how the problems involved can be tackled using the concept of compactivity.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391314},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-46DF78R-C4/2/41da3f7b5ace39f841399ef421c9c915},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-46DF78R-C4/2/41da3f7b5ace39f841399ef421c9c915},
	volume = {157},
	pages = {-1090},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4189
@article{mullin0000granular,

	author = {Mullin, Tom},
	title = {GRANULAR MATERIALS: Mixing and De-mixing},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391313},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	comment = {10.1126/science.1070258},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5561},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org},
	volume = {295},
	pages = {-},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4190
@article{menon0000diffusingwave,

	author = {Menon, Narayanan and Durian, Douglas J.},
	title = {Diffusing-Wave Spectroscopy of Dynamics in a Three-Dimensional Granular Flow},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391312},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/275/5308/1920},
	comment = {10.1126/science.275.5308.1920},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5308},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/275/5308/1920},
	volume = {275},
	pages = {-1922},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4191
@article{burtally0000spontaneous,

	author = {Burtally, N. and King, P. J. and Swift, Michael R.},
	title = {Spontaneous air-driven separation in vertically vibrated fine granular mixtures},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391311},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/295/5561/1877},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5561},
	old_pages = {1879},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/295/5561/1877},
	volume = {295},
	pages = {1879},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4192
@article{ehrichs0000granular,

	author = {Ehrichs and Jaeger and Karczmar and Knight and Kuperman and Nagel},
	title = {Granular convection observed by magnetic resonance imaging},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391310},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	old_pages = {1634},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:21},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {267},
	pages = {1634},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4193
@article{jaeger0000physics,

	author = {Jaeger and Nagel},
	title = {Physics of the Granular State},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391309},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	old_pages = {1531},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:21},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {255},
	pages = {1531},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4194
@article{goldfarb2002shear,

	author = {Goldfarb, David J. and Glasser, Benjamin J. and Shinbrot, Troy},
	title = {Shear instabilities in granular flows},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {2002},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391308},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/415302a},
	comment = {10.1038/415302a},
	doi = {10.1038/415302a},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6869},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/415302a},
	volume = {415},
	pages = {-305},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4195
@article{baxter2003kinetics_2,

	author = {Baxter, G. W. and Olafsen, J. S.},
	title = {Kinetics: Gaussian statistics in granular gases},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {2003},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391306},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/425680a},
	comment = {10.1038/425680a},
	doi = {10.1038/425680a},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6959},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:20},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/425680a},
	volume = {425},
	pages = {-680},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4196
@article{shinbrot1997competition_2,

	author = {Shinbrot, Troy},
	title = {Competition between randomizing impacts and inelastic collisions in granular pattern formation},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {1997},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391305},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/39264},
	comment = {10.1038/39264},
	doi = {10.1038/39264},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6651},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:20},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/39264},
	volume = {389},
	pages = {-576},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4197
@article{pak1994bubbling_2,

	author = {Pak, H. K. and Behringer, R. P.},
	title = {Bubbling in vertically vibrated granular materials},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {1994},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391304},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/371231a0},
	comment = {10.1038/371231a0},
	doi = {10.1038/371231a0},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6494},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:20},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/371231a0},
	volume = {371},
	pages = {-233},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4198
@article{makse2002testing,

	author = {Makse, Hernan A. and Kurchan, Jorge},
	title = {Testing the thermodynamic approach to granular matter with a numerical model of a decisive experiment},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {2002},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391302},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/415614a},
	comment = {10.1038/415614a},
	doi = {10.1038/415614a},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6872},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:20},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/415614a},
	volume = {415},
	pages = {-617},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4199
@article{makse1997spontaneous_2,

	author = {Makse, Hernan A. and Havlin, Shlomo and King, Peter R. and Stanley, H. Eugene},
	title = {Spontaneous stratification in granular mixtures},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {1997},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391301},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/386379a0},
	comment = {10.1038/386379a0},
	doi = {10.1038/386379a0},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6623},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:20},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/386379a0},
	volume = {386},
	pages = {-382},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4200
@article{umbanhowar1996localized_2,

	author = {Umbanhowar, Paul B. and Melo, Francisco and Swinney, Harry L.},
	title = {Localized excitations in a vertically vibrated granular layer},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {1996},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391300},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/382793a0},
	comment = {10.1038/382793a0},
	doi = {10.1038/382793a0},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6594},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/382793a0},
	volume = {382},
	pages = {-796},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4201
@article{corwin2005structural_2,

	author = {Corwin, Eric I. and Jaeger, Heinrich M. and Nagel, Sidney R.},
	title = {Structural signature of jamming in granular media},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {2005},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391298},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature03698},
	comment = {10.1038/nature03698},
	doi = {10.1038/nature03698},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {7045},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature03698},
	volume = {435},
	pages = {1075--1078},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 4202
@article{hartley2003logarithmic_2,

	author = {Hartley, R. R. and Behringer, R. P.},
	title = {Logarithmic rate dependence of force networks in sheared granular materials},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {2003},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391296},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01394},
	comment = {10.1038/nature01394},
	doi = {10.1038/nature01394},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6926},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01394},
	volume = {421},
	pages = {928--931},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 4203
@article{lloyd2000ultimate,

	author = {Lloyd, Seth},
	title = {Ultimate physical limits to computation},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {2000},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391295},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35023282},
	comment = {10.1038/35023282},
	doi = {10.1038/35023282},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, oois, suns},
	number = {6799},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:19},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35023282},
	volume = {406},
	pages = {-1054},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		oois,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4204
@article{oron0000exact,

	author = {Oron, G. and Herrmann, H. J.},
	title = {Exact calculation of force networks in granular piles},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391292},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v58/p2079},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, hardcopyluding, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {2079+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:19},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {American Physical Society},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v58/p2079},
	volume = {58},
	pages = {2079+},

	keywords = {
		hardcopyluding,
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4205
@article{blair0000force,

	author = {Blair, Daniel L. and Mueggenburg, Nathan W. and Marshall, Adam H. and Jaeger, Heinrich M. and Nagel, Sidney R.},
	title = {Force distributions in three-dimensional granular assemblies: Effects of packing order and interparticle friction},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391291},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v63/e041304},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	old_pages = {041304+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:19},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {American Physical Society},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v63/e041304},
	volume = {63},
	pages = {041304+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4206
@article{ostojic2006scale,

	author = {Ostojic, Srdjan and Somfai, Ellak and Nienhuis, Bernard},
	title = {Scale invariance and universality of force networks in static granular matter},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {2006},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391289},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04549},
	comment = {10.1038/nature04549},
	doi = {10.1038/nature04549},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {7078},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:18},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04549},
	volume = {439},
	pages = {-830},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4207
@article{snoeijer0000force,

	author = {Snoeijer, Jacco H. and Vlugt, Thijs J. H. and van Hecke, Martin and van Saarloos, Wim},
	title = {Force Network Ensemble: A New Approach to Static Granular Matter},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391288},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v92/e054302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, jin, material, random, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:17},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v92/e054302},
	volume = {92},
	pages = {-4},

	keywords = {
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		random,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4208
@article{rani0000evaluation,

	author = {Rani, Sarma L. and Balachandar, S.},
	title = {Evaluation of the equilibrium Eulerian approach for the evolution of particle concentration in isotropic turbulence},
	journal = {International Journal of Multiphase Flow},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In the current work, the accuracy of the equilibrium Eulerian approach in evolving the particulate concentration field is evaluated by comparing it against the Lagrangian approach, for varying particle response time and terminal velocity. In particular, we compare the statistics of preferential accumulation and gravitational settling of particles in a cubic box of isotropic turbulence. Twelve simulations corresponding to four values of nondimensional particle response time, \\$[\\$tau\\$]\\$p=0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, and three values of nondimensional terminal velocity, \\$|\\$Vs\\$|\\$=0.5,2,4 are considered. The equilibrium Eulerian approach obviates the need to solve additional governing equations for the particle velocity field. It, however, involves evolution of the particle concentration field using the equilibrium Eulerian velocity field. A spectral diffusion term is included in the particle concentration equation to provide an essentially non-oscillatory behavior to the solution. There is good agreement between the equilibrium Eulerian and Lagrangian statistics for small particles. With increasing particle size, the equilibrium Eulerian approach tends to somewhat overestimate particle preferential concentration in regions of excess strain-rate over rotation-rate compared to the Lagrangian approach. Over the entire range of parameters considered, the equilibrium approach provides a good approximation to the actual mean and rms fluctuating settling velocities of the particle.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391287},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V45-4B0P28N-1/2/41fd66e650a6024c86a753fcdaed48bc},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {12},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V45-4B0P28N-1/2/41fd66e650a6024c86a753fcdaed48bc},
	volume = {29},
	pages = {-1816},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4209
@article{ferry0000fast,

	author = {Ferry, Jim and Balachandar, S.},
	title = {A fast Eulerian method for disperse two-phase flow},
	journal = {International Journal of Multiphase Flow},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391286},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V45-42VV788-5/2/85a72856f93ebc4d9eef5cdafbddc9a5},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, channel, euler, flow, jin, numeric, suns, turbulence, twophase},
	number = {7},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:17},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V45-42VV788-5/2/85a72856f93ebc4d9eef5cdafbddc9a5},
	volume = {27},
	pages = {-1226},

	keywords = {
		channel,
		euler,
		flow,
		jin,
		numeric,
		suns,
		turbulence,
		twophase,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4210
@article{luding0000anomalous,

	author = {Luding, Stefan and Clement, E. and Blumen, A. and Rajchenbach, J. and Duran, J.},
	title = {Anomalous energy dissipation in molecular-dynamics simulations of grains: the `detachment' effect},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391285},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {50},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4211
@article{luding0000onset,

	author = {Luding, Stefan and Clement, E. and Blumen, A. and Rajchenbach, J. and Duran, J.},
	title = {Onset of convection in molecular dynamics simulations of grains},
	journal = {Phys. Rev. E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391284},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {50},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4212
@article{fang0000thermomechanical_1,

	author = {Fang, Chung and Wang, Yongqi and Hutter, Kolumban},
	title = {A thermo-mechanical continuum theory with internal length for cohesionless granular materials : Part I. A class of constitutive models},
	journal = {Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A thermodynamically consistent continuum theory for single-phase, single-constituent cohesionless granular materials is presented. The theory is motivated by dimensional inconsistencies of the original Goodman-Cowin theory \\$[\\$1-3\\$]\\$; it is constructed by removing these inconsistencies through the introduction of an internal length l. Four constitutive models are proposed and discussed in which l is (i) a material constant (Model I), (ii) an independent constitutive variable (Model II), (iii) an independent dynamic field quantity (Model III) and (iv) an independent kinematic field quantity (Model IV). Expressions of the constitutive variables emerging in the systems of the balance equations in these four models in thermodynamic equilibrium are deduced by use of a thermodynamic analysis based on the Muller-Liu entropy principle. Comments on the validity of these four models are given and discussed; the results presented in the current study show a more general formulation for the constitutive quantities and can be used as a basis for further continuum-based theoretical investigations on the behaviour of flowing granular materials. Numerical results regarding simple plane shear flows will be discussed and compared in Part II of this work.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391283},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, continuum, entropy, flow, granular, jin, material, mathematics, mechanics, model, numeric, shear, suns, thermodynamics},
	number = {8},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:17},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {Springer New York LLC, New York, 10013-1578, United States},
	volume = {17},
	pages = {-576},

	keywords = {
		continuum,
		entropy,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		mathematics,
		mechanics,
		model,
		numeric,
		shear,
		suns,
		thermodynamics,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4213
@article{fang0000thermomechanical_2,

	author = {Fang, Chung and Wang, Yongqi and Hutter, Kolumban},
	title = {A thermo-mechanical continuum theory with internal length for cohesionless granular materials : Part II. Non-equilibrium postulates and numerical simulations of simple shear, plane Poiseuille and gravity driven problems},
	journal = {Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This article continues Part I. Here the non-equilibrium responses of the constitutive variables t (Cauchy stress tensor), q (heat flux vector), h (equilibrated stress vector), \\$\\Gamma\\$ (flux term associated with the internal length l), \\$\\Pi\\$ (production term associated with l) and f (equilibrated intrinsic body force) as well as the Helmholtz free energy \\$\\Psi\\$ are postulated by use of a quasi-linear theory for three of four models deduced in Part I. In so doing, together with the equilibrium responses gained in Part I, a complete set of constitutive equations for the constitutive quantities for each model is obtained. The implemented models are applied to investigate typical isothermal steady granular shearing flows with incompressible grains, namely, simple plane shear flow, inclined gravity-driven flow and vertical channel-flow. The emphasis is on the models in which l is considered a material constant (Model I) and an independent dynamic field quantity (Model III). Numerical results show that Model III is more appropriate than Model I since in the former model the effect of the motion of an individual grain can better be taken into account. Such a result is in particular significant for avalanches, since it verifies the existence of a thin layer immediately above the base of an avalanche, in which the grains are colliding strongly with one another, and provides a quantitative means to measure such a thin layer.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391282},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, continuum, energy, flow, flux, granular, heat, isotherm, jin, material, mathematics, mechanics, model, shear, stress, suns},
	number = {8},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:17},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {Springer New York LLC, New York, 10013-1578, United States},
	volume = {17},
	pages = {-607},

	keywords = {
		continuum,
		energy,
		flow,
		flux,
		granular,
		heat,
		isotherm,
		jin,
		material,
		mathematics,
		mechanics,
		model,
		shear,
		stress,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4214
@article{clement0000experimental,

	author = {Clement, E. and Duran, J. and Rajchenbach, J.},
	title = {Experimental study of heaping in a two-dimensional ``sand pile''},
	journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391280},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {69},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4215
@article{wildman0000comparison,

	author = {Wildman, R. D. and Jenkins, J. T. and Krouskop, P. E. and Talbot, J.},
	title = {A comparison of the predictions of a simple kinetic theory with experimental and numerical results for a vibrated granular bed consisting of nearly elastic particles of two sizes},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391279},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/073301/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, flow, fluidization, granular, jin, kinetics, medium, particle, porosity, suns},
	number = {7},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:16},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {AIP},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/073301/1},
	volume = {18},
	pages = {-7},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		flow,
		fluidization,
		granular,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		medium,
		particle,
		porosity,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4216
@article{caicedocarvajal0000granular,

	author = {Caicedo-Carvajal, Carlos E. and Glasser, Benjamin J. and Shinbrot, Troy},
	title = {Granular flow transitions on sinusoidal surfaces},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391278},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:16},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {556},
	pages = {-269},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4217
@article{subramanian0000inertial,

	author = {Subramanian, G. and Koch, D. L.},
	title = {Inertial effects on the orientation of nearly spherical particles in simple shear flow},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics KW -},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391277},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:16},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {557},
	pages = {-296},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4218
@article{khair0000single,

	author = {Khair, Aditya S. and Brady, John F.},
	title = {Single particle motion in colloidal dispersions: a simple model for active and nonlinear microrheology},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391276},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:16},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {557},
	pages = {-117},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4219
@article{yang0000motion,

	author = {Yang, L. and Seddon, J. R. T. and Mullin, T. and Del Pino, C. and Ashmore, J.},
	title = {The motion of a rough particle in a Stokes flow adjacent to a boundary},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391275},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:15},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {557},
	pages = {-346},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4220
@article{cross0000pattern,

	author = {Cross, M. C. and Hohenberg, P. C.},
	title = {Pattern formation outside of equillibrium},
	journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391274},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:15},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {65},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4221
@article{loth0000effective,

	author = {Loth, Eric and O'Brien, Thomas and Syamlal, Madhava and Cantero, Mariano},
	title = {Effective diameter for group motion of polydisperse particle mixtures},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {An analysis is conducted on the effective mean diameter for fluidized beds and other two-phase flows for which the drag and gravitational forces are the primary determinants of particle motion. This work was motivated by Eulerian-based computational treatments of particles which assume a single group velocity for a polydisperse collection of particles within a computational cell. For particles in the inertial-dominated regime (e.g. Rep>2000), it is found that the Sauter mean diameter is the effective mean diameter regardless of particle shape, particle size number distribution, particle density distribution, or net volume fraction. However, the effective mean diameter is the volume-width diameter for particles which are in the creeping flow regime (Rep<<1), e.g. in micro-fluidized beds. Expressions for the effective diameter for solid spherical particles at intermediate Reynolds numbers are given for a log-normal probability distribution function and for binary mixtures. Finally, comparison with two experimental data sets shows a qualitative validation of the derived effective diameter for the group motion of polydisperse mixtures.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391273},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4CRY767-2/2/6fdbd6a94d0fbb77f3bb6465d22257d8},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, fluidization, jin, polydispersity, suns},
	number = {2-3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-4CRY767-2/2/6fdbd6a94d0fbb77f3bb6465d22257d8},
	volume = {142},
	pages = {-218},

	keywords = {
		fluidization,
		jin,
		polydispersity,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4222
@article{aranson0000patterns,

	author = {Aranson, Igor S. and Tsimring, Lev S.},
	title = {Patterns and collective behavior in granular media: Theoretical concepts},
	journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391272},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v78/p641},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, formation, granular, jin, material, pattern, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:15},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v78/p641},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {-52},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		formation,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		pattern,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4223
@article{curtis0000modeling,

	author = {Curtis, Jennifer S. and van Wachem, Berend},
	title = {Modeling particle-laden flows: A research outlook},
	journal = {AIChE Journal},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.10394},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391270},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {11},
	old_pages = {2645},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:15},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {50},
	pages = {2645},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4224
@article{cummins0000implicit,

	author = {Cummins, S. J. and Brackbill, J. U.},
	title = {An Implicit Particle-in-Cell Method for Granular Materials},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {An implicit-in-time method for granular materials is described. The method combines the material point method, a first-order contact algorithm, and a Newton-Krylov equation solver to give improved energy conservation, stabilization of the finite-grid-instability, and the correct description of collisions between grains.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391269},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-46G47HY-5/2/9896072553984dec266e6c1b91f2be56},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-46G47HY-5/2/9896072553984dec266e6c1b91f2be56},
	volume = {180},
	pages = {-548},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4225
@article{brackbill0000flip,

	author = {Brackbill, J. U. and Kothe, D. B. and Ruppel, H. M.},
	title = {Flip: A low-dissipation, particle-in-cell method for fluid flow},
	journal = {Computer Physics Communications},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The FLIP (Fluid-Implicit-Particle) method uses fully Lagrangian particles to eliminate convective transport, the largest source of computational diffusion in calculations of fluid flow. FLIP is an adaptation to fluids of the implicit moment method for simulating plasmas, in which particles carry everything necessary to describe the fluid. Using the particle data, Lagrangian moment equations are solved on a grid. The solutions are then used to advance the particle variables from time step to time step. An adaptive grid and implicit time differencing extend the method to multiple time and space scale flows. Aspects of FLIP's properties are illustrated by modeling of a confined eddy, a Rayleigh-Taylor, an unstable subsonic stream, and a supersonic jet. The results demonstrate FLIP's instability applicability to hydrodynamic stability problems where low dissipation is crucial to correct modeling.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391268},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ5-46FXB87-4B/2/bb909b136946bfc5f47a61c01547a726},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ5-46FXB87-4B/2/bb909b136946bfc5f47a61c01547a726},
	volume = {48},
	pages = {-38},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4226
@article{di0000voidage,

	author = {Di Felice, R.},
	title = {The voidage function for fluid-particle interaction systems},
	journal = {International Journal of Multiphase Flow},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The drag force on a particle in a fluid--multiparticle interaction system may be expressed as the product of the drag force on an unhindered particle, subject to the same volumetric flux of fluid, and a voidage function. It is demonstrated that for a wide varicty of both fixed-bed and.suspended-particle systems, file voidage function may be expressed as \\$[\\$epsilon\\$]\\$-\\$[\\$beta\\$]\\$, where the exponent \\$[\\$beta\\$]\\$ is dependent on the particle Reynolds number but independent of other system variables.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391267},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V45-47YSDNK-2J/2/8c9a1433671f63e8a2d68c27b52b1612},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, fluidization, fluidparticle, interaction, jin, sediment, suns, voidage},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V45-47YSDNK-2J/2/8c9a1433671f63e8a2d68c27b52b1612},
	volume = {20},
	pages = {-159},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		fluidization,
		fluid, particle,
		interaction,
		jin,
		sediment,
		suns,
		voidage,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4227
@article{ergun0000fluid,

	author = {Ergun, S.},
	title = {Fluid flow through packed columns},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Progress},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391266},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:15},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {48},
	pages = {89},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 4228
@article{anderson0000fluid,

	author = {Anderson, T. B. and Jackson, R.},
	title = {A fluid mechanical description of fluidised beds},
	journal = {Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Fundamental},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391265},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	old_pages = {539},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:15},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {6},
	pages = {539},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4229
@techreport{dreeben0000nonparametric,

	author = {Dreeben, T. D. and Pope, S. B.},
	title = {Nonparametric estimation of mean fields with application to particle methods for turbulent flows},
	institution = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391264},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {FDA 92-13},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:15},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4230
@article{subramaniam0000probability,

	author = {Subramaniam, S. and Haworth, D. C.},
	title = {A probability density function method for turbulent mixing and combustion on three-dimensional unstructured deforming meshes},
	journal = {Int. J. Engine Research},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391263},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:15},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {1},
	pages = {-190},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4231
@article{ritchie0000multiphase,

	author = {Ritchie, Benedict W. and Thomas, Peter A.},
	title = {Multiphase smoothed-particle hydrodynamics},
	journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We adapt the smoothed-particle hydrodynamics (SPH) technique to allow a multiphase fluid in which SPH particles of widely differing density may be freely intermixed. Applications include modelling of galaxy formation and cooling flows.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391262},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04268.x},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, hydrodynamics, jin, particle, smoothness, suns},
	number = {3},
	old_pages = {756},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04268.x},
	volume = {323},
	pages = {756},

	keywords = {
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		particle,
		smoothness,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4232
@article{harlow0000progeny,

	author = {Harlow, Francis H.},
	title = {PIC and its progeny},
	journal = {Computer Physics Communications},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The Particle-in-Cell (PIC) method was developed to solve numerically for the strongly contorting dynamics of several materials in two or three space dimensions. Related numerical techniques with Lagrangian marker particles are also discussed in this brief survey. An extensive bibliography lists many of the earlier publications describing these techniques.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391261},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ5-46FXB87-47/2/08afc24179996200e331b7fbbc0746aa},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ5-46FXB87-47/2/08afc24179996200e331b7fbbc0746aa},
	volume = {48},
	pages = {-10},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4233
@article{monaghan0000introduction,

	author = {Monaghan, J. J.},
	title = {An introduction to SPH},
	journal = {Computer Physics Communications},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This paper gives the derivation of the equations for SPH (smoothed particle hydrodynamics) and describes their application to a wide variety of problems in compressible gas flow.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391260},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ5-46FXB87-4J/2/6a7e03ab627e024618fb13ad48081026},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:15},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ5-46FXB87-4J/2/6a7e03ab627e024618fb13ad48081026},
	volume = {48},
	pages = {-96},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4234
@article{monaghan0000smoothed,

	author = {Monaghan, J. J.},
	title = {Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics},
	journal = {Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391259},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.aa.30.090192.002551},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {574},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:14},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.aa.30.090192.002551},
	volume = {30},
	pages = {543--574},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 4235
@article{khesin0000topological,

	author = {Khesin, B. A.},
	title = {Topological Methods in Hydrodynamics},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391258},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.fl.24.010192.001045},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {166},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:14},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.fl.24.010192.001045},
	volume = {24},
	pages = {166},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4236
@article{goldenberg0000scale,

	author = {Goldenberg, C. and Atman, A. P. F. and Claudin, P. and Combe, G. and Goldhirsch, I.},
	title = {Scale Separation in Granular Packings: Stress Plateaus and Fluctuations},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391257},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v96/e168001},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, fluctuation, granular, internal, jin, material, numeric, stress, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:13},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v96/e168001},
	volume = {96},
	pages = {-4},

	keywords = {
		fluctuation,
		granular,
		internal,
		jin,
		material,
		numeric,
		stress,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4237
@article{herbst0000driven,

	author = {Herbst, Olaf and Cafiero, Raffaele and Zippelius, Annette and Herrmann, Hans J. and Luding, Stefan},
	title = {A driven two-dimensional granular gas with Coulomb friction},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We study a homogeneously driven granular gas of inelastic hard particles with rough surfaces subject to Coulomb friction. The stationary state as well as the full dynamic evolution of the translational and rotational granular temperatures are investigated as a function of the three parameters of the friction model. Four levels of approximation to the (velocity-dependent) tangential restitution are introduced and used to calculate translational and rotational temperatures in a mean field theory. When comparing these theoretical results to numerical simulations of a randomly driven monolayer of particles subject to Coulomb friction, we find that already the simplest model leads to qualitative agreement, but only the full Coulomb friction model is able to reproduce/predict the simulation results quantitatively for all magnitudes of friction. In addition, the theory predicts two relaxation times for the decay to the stationary state. One of them corresponds to the equilibration between the translational and rotational degrees of freedom. The other one, which is slower in most cases, is the inverse of the common relaxation rate of translational and rotational temperatures. \\copyright 2005 American Institute of Physics.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391256},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, flow, fluid, friction, jin, mathematics, mechanics, model, suns},
	old_pages = {107102+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:13},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {American Institute of Physics Inc., Melville, NY 11747-4502, United States},
	volume = {17},
	pages = {107102+},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		flow,
		fluid,
		friction,
		jin,
		mathematics,
		mechanics,
		model,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4238
@article{huang0000shock,

	author = {Huang, Kai and Miao, Guoqing and Zhang, Peng and Yun, Yi and Wei, Rongjue},
	title = {Shock wave propagation in vibrofluidized granular materials},
	journal = {Physical Review E - Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Shock wave formation and propagation in vertically vibrated quasi-two-dimensional granular materials are studied by digital high speed photography. Steep density and temperature wave fronts form at the bottom of the granular layer when the layer collides with vibrating plate. Then the fronts propagate upwards through the layer. The temperature front is always in the transition region between the upward and downward granular flows. The effects of driving parameters and particle number on the shock are also explored. \\copyright 2006 The American Physical Society.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391255},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, electromagnetic, flow, fluid, granular, jin, material, photography, propagation, shock, speed, suns, wave},
	old_pages = {041302+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:13},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {American Physical Society, College Park, MD 20740-3844, United States},
	volume = {73},
	pages = {041302+},

	keywords = {
		electromagnetic,
		flow,
		fluid,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		photography,
		propagation,
		shock,
		speed,
		suns,
		wave,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 4239
@article{thornton0000threephase,

	author = {Thornton, A. R. and Gray, J. M. N. T. and Hogg, A. J.},
	title = {A three-phase mixture theory for particle size segregation in shallow granular free-surface flows},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Particle-size segregation within granular materials is of great technological significance yet it is still very poorly understood. There are several causes of segregation, but this paper focuses on kinetic sieving which is the dominant mechanism in dense gravity-driven shallow free-surface flows, or, granular avalanches. The segregation model is derived from a three-phase mixture theory composed of large particles, small particles and a passive interstitial fluid. Steady-state solutions are constructed for a normally graded inflow in a steady uniform flow field. This problem is of fundamental interest, because it shows how an unstably stratified layer readjusts into a stable configuration. Expansion fans and concentration shocks are generated and sufficiently far downstream inversely graded segregated layers form, with the larger particles overlying the finer ones. This a good approximation for segregation in flows with weak diffusive remixing. The distance for complete segregation to occur is shown to increase with rising fluid density and tends to infinity as its density approaches that of the grains. If the particles are buoyant then the initial configuration is stable. An exact time-dependent two-dimensional solution is constructed for plug flow, which exploits the uncoupling of material columns of grains in the absence of shear. This yields insight into the nature of more complex numerical solutions for strong shear, which are computed with a high-resolution shock-capturing numerical scheme. \\copyright 2006 Cambridge University Press.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391254},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, buoyancy, density, flow, granular, gravity, jin, material, mathematics, mixing, model, particle, separation, steady, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:13},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {Cambridge University Press, New York, NY 10011-4211, United States},
	volume = {550},
	pages = {-25},

	keywords = {
		buoyancy,
		density,
		flow,
		granular,
		gravity,
		jin,
		material,
		mathematics,
		mixing,
		model,
		particle,
		separation,
		steady,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4240
@article{gera0000computer,

	author = {Gera, D. and Gautam, M. and Tsuji, Y. and Kawaguchi, T. and Tanaka, T.},
	title = {Computer simulation of bubbles in large-particle fluidized beds},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A distinct element model is used to study the hydrodynamics of large-particle fluidized beds. The computed bubble rise velocity, voidage variations, averaged particle/particulate and fluid velocities are compared with the other continuum theory based on two fluid model. Based on the averaged particle/particulate velocities in a grid cell, deformation of the particle layers predicted by the two fluid model and the distinct element method are also compared. The predicted characteristics of bubble formation, motion, and eruption at the bed surface are in good qualitative agreement with the experimental observations. The quantitative differences in predicting the above parameters along with the advantages and limitations of two approaches for the case of a single isolated bubble rising in a two-dimensional fluidized bed are discussed.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391253},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-3VXH5DH-4/2/848fd5aa61ca93d88fbcafad592019bf},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, bubble, fluid, fluidization, jin, model, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-3VXH5DH-4/2/848fd5aa61ca93d88fbcafad592019bf},
	volume = {98},
	pages = {-47},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		bubble,
		fluid,
		fluidization,
		jin,
		model,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4241
@article{biswas0000numerical,

	author = {Biswas, Parthapratim and Sanchez, P. and Swift, Michael R. and King, P. J.},
	title = {Numerical simulations of air-driven granular separation},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391252},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, flow, granular, jin, material, mixing, molecule, separation, suns, twophase, vibration},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:13},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	volume = {68},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		mixing,
		molecule,
		separation,
		suns,
		twophase,
		vibration,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4242
@article{lucor0000noisy,

	author = {Lucor, Didier and Karniadakis, George E.},
	title = {Noisy Inflows Cause a Shedding-Mode Switching in Flow Past an Oscillating Cylinder},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391251},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v92/e154501},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, instability, jin, laminar, noise, suns, vortex},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:13},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v92/e154501},
	volume = {92},
	pages = {-4},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		instability,
		jin,
		laminar,
		noise,
		suns,
		vortex,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4243
@article{junk0000domain,

	author = {Junk, Michael},
	title = {Domain of Definition of Levermore's Five-Moment System},
	journal = {Journal of Statistical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The simplest system in Levermore''s moment hierarchy involving moments higher than second order is the five-moment closure. It is obtained by taking velocity moments of the one-dimensional Boltzmann equation under the assumption that the velocity distribution is a maximum-entropy function. The moment vectors for which a maximum-entropy function exists consequently make up the domain of definition of the system. The aim of this article is a complete characterization of the structure of the domain of definition and the connected maximum-entropy problem. The space-homogeneous case of the equation and numerical aspects are also addressed.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391250},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=doi:10.1023/B:JOSS.0000033155.07331.d9},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, entropy, hamburger, jin, levermore, moment, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=doi:10.1023/B:JOSS.0000033155.07331.d9},
	volume = {93},
	pages = {-1167},

	keywords = {
		entropy,
		hamburger,
		jin,
		levermore,
		moment,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4244
@article{levermore0000moment,

	author = {Levermore, C.},
	title = {Moment closure hierarchies for kinetic theories},
	journal = {Journal of Statistical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This paper presents a systematicnonperturbative derivation of a hierarchy of closed systems of moment equations corresponding to any classical kinetic theory. The first member of the hierarchy is the Euler system, which is based on Maxwellian velocity distributions, while the second member is based on nonisotropic Gaussian velocity distributions. The closure proceeds in two steps. The first ensures that every member of the hierarchy is hyperbolic, has an entropy, and formally recovers the Euler limit. The second involves modifying the collisional terms so that members of the hierarchy beyound the second also recover the correct Navier-Stokes behavior. This is achieved through the introduction of a generalization of the BGK collision operator. The simplest such system in three spatial dimensions is a 14-moment closure, which also recovers the behavior of the Grad 13-moment system when the velocity distributions lie near local Maxwellians. The closure procedure can be applied to a general class of kinetic theories.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391249},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=doi:10.1007/BF02179552},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, entropy, jin, kinetics, moment, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=doi:10.1007/BF02179552},
	volume = {83},
	pages = {-1065},

	keywords = {
		entropy,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		moment,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4245
@article{symeonidis0000dissipative,

	author = {Symeonidis, Vasileios and Karniadakis, George E. and Caswell, Bruce},
	title = {Dissipative Particle Dynamics Simulations of Polymer Chains: Scaling Laws and Shearing Response Compared to DNA Experiments},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391248},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v95/e076001},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:13},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v95/e076001},
	volume = {95},
	pages = {-4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4246
@article{lomholt0000experimental,

	author = {Lomholt, S. and Stenum, B. and Maxey, M. R.},
	title = {Experimental verification of the force coupling method for particulate flows},
	journal = {International Journal of Multiphase Flow},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391247},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V45-44T2FB0-4/2/27b483bc538a207d8e216b57c36b395a},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, interaction, jin, numeric, particle, suns, twophase},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:13},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V45-44T2FB0-4/2/27b483bc538a207d8e216b57c36b395a},
	volume = {28},
	pages = {-246},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		interaction,
		jin,
		numeric,
		particle,
		suns,
		twophase,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4247
@article{khair0000resistance,

	author = {Khair, Aditya S. and Swaroop, Manuj and Brady, John F.},
	title = {A new resistance function for two rigid spheres in a uniform compressible low-Reynolds-number flow},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391246},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/043102/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, compression, flow, hydrodynamics, jin, lubrication, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:13},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {AIP},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/043102/1},
	volume = {18},
	pages = {-5},

	keywords = {
		compression,
		flow,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		lubrication,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4248
@article{wong0000instabilities,

	author = {Wong, Y. S. and Gan, C. H. and Wang, C. H. and Fan, X. and Parker, D. J. and Ingram, A. and Seville, J. P. K.},
	title = {Instabilities in vertically vibrated granular beds at the single particle scale},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391245},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/043302/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, convection, flow, fluidization, granular, hardcopyluding, instability, jin, medium, porosity, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:13},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {AIP},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/043302/1},
	volume = {18},
	pages = {-15},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		convection,
		flow,
		fluidization,
		granular,
		hardcopyluding,
		instability,
		jin,
		medium,
		porosity,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4249
@article{sierra0000local,

	author = {Sierra, C. and Tadrist, L. and Occelli, R.},
	title = {Local and global dynamics of shallow gas-fluidized beds},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391244},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/043303/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, flow, fluidization, hydrodynamics, jin, medium, porosity, suns, twophase},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:12},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {AIP},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/043303/1},
	volume = {18},
	pages = {-14},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		flow,
		fluidization,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		medium,
		porosity,
		suns,
		twophase,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4250
@article{carroll2006universe,

	author = {Carroll, Sean M.},
	title = {Is our Universe natural?},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {2006},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391243},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04804},
	comment = {10.1038/nature04804},
	doi = {10.1038/nature04804},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04804},
	volume = {440},
	pages = {-1136},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4251
@article{das0000quantum,

	author = {Das, Dyutiman and Martin, Richard M. and Kalos, Malvin H.},
	title = {Quantum Monte Carlo method using a stochastic Poisson solver},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391242},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e046702},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, atomic, diffusion, green, helium, jin, montecarlo, poisson, polarisation, stochastic, suns, variational},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:12},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e046702},
	volume = {73},
	pages = {-14},

	keywords = {
		atomic,
		diffusion,
		green,
		helium,
		jin,
		montecarlo,
		poisson,
		polarisation,
		stochastic,
		suns,
		variational,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4252
@article{ten0000analysis_2,

	author = {Ten Cate, Andreas and Sundaresan, Sankaran},
	title = {Analysis of unsteady forces in ordered arrays of monodisperse spheres},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Time-dependent flows of a Newtonian fluid through periodic arrays of spheres were simulated using the lattice-Boltzmann scheme. By applying a constant body force per unit mass to the fluid, a steady background fluid flow through the array of stationary spheres was first established. Subsequently, a small-amplitude perturbation to the body force, which varied periodically in time, was added and the long-time behaviour of the unsteady flow fields and the forces on the particles were determined. From the simulations, the pressure and friction (shear) forces acting on the particles were determined for a range of conditions. Results on simple cubic lattices are presented. Computations spanned a range of particle volume fractions (0.1 less than or equal \\$\\phi\\$ less than or equal 0.4) background flow Reynolds numbers (0.25 \\$[\\$less-than or equal to\\$]\\$ Re\\$\_p\\$ \\$[\\$less-than or equal to\\$]\\$ 60, where Re\\$\_p\\$= 2au\\$\_ integral \\$/\\$\\nu\\$) and oscillatory flow Reynolds numbers (0.9 \\$[\\$less-than or equal to\\$]\\$ Re\\$\_\\${\o}mega\\$ \\$[\\$less-than or equal to\\$]\\$ 420 with Re\\$\_\\${\o}mega\\$\\$= 2a\\$^2\\$\\${\o}mega\\$/\\$\\nu\\$). Here u integral is the superficial velocity of the fluid through the bed, a is the particle radius, \\$\\nu\\$ is the kinematic viscosity of the fluid, and \\${\o}mega\\$ is the oscillation frequency. In the limit of Re\\$\_\\${\o}mega\\$\\$ -\\$>\\$ 0 the quasi-steady-state drag force was obtained. At low Re\\$\_p\\$ this force approached the steady-state drag force, while its increase with Re\\$\_p\\$ was stronger than the steady-state drag force, similar to that for isolated spheres given by Mei et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 233, 1991, p. 613). Th e unsteady force was decomposed into pressure and friction components. The phase angles of these components in the limit Re\\$\_\\${\o}mega\\$\\$ -\\$>\\$ infinity indicate that the virtual mass force contributes to the unsteady pressure force while the history force contributes to the friction force. The remainder of the unsteady friction and pressure forces is attributed to unsteady drag force. The a pparent virtual mass coefficient was found to vary from \\$[\\$similar to\\$]\\$ 0.5, which is the well-known limit for isolated spheres in inviscid flows, to \\$[\\$similar to\\$]\\$ 1.0 at low Re\\$\_\\${\o}mega\\$\\$. This change is clearly a consequence of viscous effects. The Re\\$\_\\${\o}mega\\$\\$ at which the transition between these limits occurs increases with \\$\\phi\\$. The history force exhibits a strong decay towards lower values of Re\\$\_\\${\o}mega\\$\\$ in accordance with the results of Mei et al. (1991) for isolated spheres; however, the Re\\$\_\\${\o}mega\\$\\$ value at which this decay sets in increases appreciably with \\$\\phi\\$. This \\$\\phi\\$-dependence is associated with the limited separation between the particles available for the Stokes boundary layer. It was found that the unsteady drag coefficient \\$\\beta\\$ varies with Re\\$\_\\${\o}mega\\$\\$. At low Re\\$\_p\\$, the drag coefficient initially decreases with increasing Re\\$\_\\${\o}mega\\$\\$, passes through a minimum and then increases strongly. With increasing Re\\$\_\\${\o}mega\\$ the relative contribution of pressure and friction forces to the unsteady drag force changes. \\copyright 2006 Cambridge University Press.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391241},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, drag, flow, friction, jin, newton, reynold, sphere, suns, unsteady, viscosity},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:12},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {Cambridge University Press, New York, NY 10011-4211, United States},
	volume = {552},
	pages = {-287},

	keywords = {
		drag,
		flow,
		friction,
		jin,
		newton,
		reynold,
		sphere,
		suns,
		unsteady,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4253
@article{liu0000dissipative,

	author = {Liu, Moubin and Meakin, Paul and Huang, Hai},
	title = {Dissipative particle dynamics with attractive and repulsive particle-particle interactions},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391240},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/017101/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, drop, dynamics, flow, hydrodynamics, jin, medium, molecule, multiphase, navierstokes, poiseuille, polynomial, porosity, suns, wetting},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:11},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {AIP},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/017101/1},
	volume = {18},
	pages = {-13},

	keywords = {
		drop,
		dynamics,
		flow,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		medium,
		molecule,
		multiphase,
		navier, stokes,
		poiseuille,
		polynomial,
		porosity,
		suns,
		wetting,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4254
@article{alam0000streamwise,

	author = {Alam, Meheboob},
	title = {Streamwise structures and density patterns in rapid granular Couette flow: A linear stability analysis},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A three-dimensional linear stability analysis has been carried out to understand the origin of vortices and related density patterns in bounded uniform-shear flow of granular materials, using a kinetic-theory constitutive model. This flow is found to be unstable to pure spanwise stationary perturbations (k\\$\_z\\$ does not equal 0, k\\$\_x\\$ = 0 and partial / partial y(.) = 0, where k\\$\_i\\$ is the wavenumber for the ith direction) if the solid fraction is below some critical value \\$\\nu\\$ less than or equal \\$\\nu\\$\\$\_3D\\$. The growth rates of these spanwise instabilities are an order of magnitude larger than those of the two-dimensional (k\\$\_z\\$ = 0) streamwise-independent (k\\$\_x\\$ = 0) instabilities that occur if the solid fraction is above some critical value \\$\\nu\\$ \\$>\\$ \\$\\nu\\$\\$\_2D\\$ (\\$>\\$ \\$\\nu\\$\\$\_3D\\$). The spanwise instabilities give birth to new three-dimensional travelling wave instabilities at non-zero values of the streamwise wavenumber (k\\$\_x\\$ does not equal 0) in dilute flows (\\$\\nu\\$ less than or equal \\$\\nu\\$\\$\_3D\\$). For moderate-to-large densities with k\\$\_x\\$ does not equal 0, there are additional three-dimensional instability modes in the form of both stationary and travelling waves, whose origin is tied to the corresponding two-dimensional instabilities. While the two-dimensional streamwise-independent modes lead to the formation of stationary streamwise vortices for moderately dense flows (\\$\\nu\\$ \\$>\\$ \\$\\nu\\$\\$\_2D\\$), the pure spanwise modes are responsible for the origin of such vortices in the dilute limit (\\$\\nu\\$ less than or equal \\$\\nu\\$\\$\_3D\\$). For more general kinds of perturbations (k\\$\_x\\$ does not equal 0 and k\\$\_z\\$ does not equal 0), 'modulated' streamwise vortices are born which could be either stationary or travelling depending on control parameters. The rolling motion of vortices will lead to a major redistribution of the streamwise velocity and hence such vortices can act as potential progenitors for the mixing of particles. The effect of non-zero wall slip has been investigated, and it is shown that some dilute-flow instabilities can disappear with the inclusion of the wall slip. Even though the streamwise granular vortices have similarities to the well-known stationary Taylor-Couette vortices (which are 'hydrodynamic' in origin), their origin is, however, tied to 'constitutive' instabilities, and hence they belong to a different class. \\copyright 2006 Cambridge University Press.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391239},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, density, dynamics, flow, fluid, granular, jin, kinetics, liquid, material, pattern, perturbation, shear, suns, velocity, vortex},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:11},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {Cambridge University Press, New York, NY 10011-4211, United States},
	volume = {553},
	pages = {-32},

	keywords = {
		density,
		dynamics,
		flow,
		fluid,
		granular,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		liquid,
		material,
		pattern,
		perturbation,
		shear,
		suns,
		velocity,
		vortex,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4255
@article{amarouchene0000speed,

	author = {Amarouchene, Yacine and Kellay, Hamid},
	title = {Speed of sound from shock fronts in granular flows},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391238},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/031707/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, acoustic, flow, granular, instability, jin, mach, shock, suns, velocity, wave},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:11},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {AIP},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/031707/1},
	volume = {18},
	pages = {-4},

	keywords = {
		acoustic,
		flow,
		granular,
		instability,
		jin,
		mach,
		shock,
		suns,
		velocity,
		wave,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4256
@article{silbert0000temporally,

	author = {Silbert, Leonardo E.},
	title = {Temporally Heterogeneous Dynamics in Granular Flows},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391237},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v94/e098002},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, glass, granular, jin, suns, supercooling, transition},
	number = {9},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:11},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v94/e098002},
	volume = {94},
	pages = {-4},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		glass,
		granular,
		jin,
		suns,
		supercooling,
		transition,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4257
@book{preparata0000computational,

	author = {Preparata, F. P. and Shamos, M. I.},
	title = {Computational Geometry: An Introduction},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	address = {New York},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391236},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:11},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Springer-Verlag+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4258
@book{aho0000data,

	author = {Aho, A. V. and Hopcroft, J. E. and Ullman, J. D.},
	title = {Data Structures and Algorithms},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	address = {Reading, MA},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391235},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:11},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Addison-Wesley+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4259
@misc{winske0000hybrid,


	abstract = {Hybrid codes, in which the ions are treated kinetically and the electrons are assumed to be a massless fluid, have been widely used in space physics over the past two decades. These codes are used to model phenomena on ion inertial and gyro-radius scales, which fall between longer scales obtained by magnetohydrodynamic simulations and shorter scales attainable by full particle simulations. In this tutorial, the assumptions and equations of the hybrid model are described along with some most commonly used numerical implementations. Modifications to include finite electron mass are also briefly discussed. Examples of results of two-dimensional hybrid simulations are used to illustrate the method, to indicate some of the tradeoffs that need to be addressed in a realistic calculation, and to demonstrate the utility of the technique for problems of contemporary interest. Some speculation about the future direction of space physics research using hybrid codes is also provided.},
	author = {Winske, D. and Yin, L. and Omidi, N. and Karimabadi, H. and Quest, K.},
	booktitle = {Space plasma simulation},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391234},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=9RQLNAR04W969WQN},
	editor = {Buchner, J. and Dum, C. T. and Scholer, M.},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:11},
	priority = {2},
	title = {Hybrid Simulation Codes: Past, Present and Future - A Tutorial},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=9RQLNAR04W969WQN},
	volume = {615},
	pages = {Springer---165},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4260
@book{groot0000applications,

	author = {Groot, Robert},
	title = {Applications of Dissipative Particle Dynamics},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391233},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=X5W50D4XTPL6ATDG},
	journal = {Lecture Notes in Physics},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:11},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=X5W50D4XTPL6ATDG},
	volume = {640},
	pages = {-38},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4261
@book{lowe0000simulating,

	author = {Lowe, Christopher and Dreischor, Menno},
	title = {Simulating the Dynamics of Mesoscopic Systems},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391232},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=X9842MGTAEH4UWRJ},
	journal = {Lecture Notes in Physics},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:10},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=X9842MGTAEH4UWRJ},
	volume = {640},
	pages = {-68},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4262
@book{malevanets0000mesoscopic,

	author = {Malevanets, Anatoly and Kapral, Raymond},
	title = {Mesoscopic Multi-particle Collision Model for Fluid Flow and Molecular Dynamics},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391231},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=RWVHW98J9QE85FRU},
	journal = {Lecture Notes in Physics},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:10},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=RWVHW98J9QE85FRU},
	volume = {640},
	pages = {-149},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4263
@book{ciccotti0000molecular,

	author = {Ciccotti, Giovanni and Kalibaeva, Galina},
	title = {Molecular Dynamics of Complex Systems: Non-Hamiltonian, Constrained, Quantum-Classical},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391230},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=QQFLAUQU5YWPED5G},
	journal = {Lecture Notes in Physics},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:10},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=QQFLAUQU5YWPED5G},
	volume = {640},
	pages = {-189},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4264
@misc{flekkoy0000hybrid,


	author = {Flekk{\o}y, Eirik G. and McNamara, Sean and Mal{\o}y, Knut J. and Feder, Jens and Wagner, Geri},
	booktitle = {Novel Methods in Soft Matter Simulations},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391229},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=FDRFG51VQ04XG4AX},
	journal = {Lecture Notes in Physics},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:10},
	priority = {2},
	title = {Hybrid Models: Bridging Particle and Continuum Scales in Hydrodynamic Flow Simulations},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=FDRFG51VQ04XG4AX},
	volume = {640},
	pages = {Springer-Verlag---218},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4265
@book{lyubartsev0000reduction,

	author = {Lyubartsev, Alexander and Laaksonen, Aatto},
	title = {On the Reduction of Molecular Degrees of Freedom in Computer Simulations},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391228},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=33HV6DBXA6YFXBE5},
	journal = {Lecture Notes in Physics},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:10},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=33HV6DBXA6YFXBE5},
	volume = {640},
	pages = {-244},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4266
@book{moreira0000computer,

	author = {Moreira, Andr\~{A}{copyright}G and Netz, Roland},
	title = {Computer Simulations of the Electric Double Layer},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391227},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=5PX00C92NG53460C},
	journal = {Lecture Notes in Physics},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:10},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=5PX00C92NG53460C},
	volume = {640},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_UNMATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4267
@book{pagonabarraga0000lattice,

	author = {Pagonabarraga, Ignacio},
	title = {Lattice Boltzmann Modeling of Complex Fluids: Colloidal Suspensions and Fluid Mixtures},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391226},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=BJX82HJRC5FQN2Q1},
	journal = {Lecture Notes in Physics},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=BJX82HJRC5FQN2Q1},
	volume = {640},
	pages = {-309},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4268
@book{mullerplathe0000reverse,

	author = {Muller-Plathe, Florian and Bordat, Patrice},
	title = {Reverse Non-equilibrium Molecular Dynamics},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391225},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=4YDKRXUUAU0Y6J4P},
	journal = {Lecture Notes in Physics},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=4YDKRXUUAU0Y6J4P},
	volume = {640},
	pages = {-326},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4269
@book{girard0000coarsegraining,

	author = {Girard, Severine and Muller-Plathe, Florian},
	title = {Coarse-Graining in Polymer Simulations},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391224},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=CYQR0CJLDE3F3X9V},
	journal = {Lecture Notes in Physics},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=CYQR0CJLDE3F3X9V},
	volume = {640},
	pages = {-356},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4270
@book{alanissila0000phasefield,

	author = {Ala-Nissila, Tapio and Majaniemi, Sami and Elder, Ken},
	title = {Phase-Field Modeling of Dynamical Interface Phenomena in Fluids},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391223},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=UL5B715N0QTNU15F},
	journal = {Lecture Notes in Physics},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=UL5B715N0QTNU15F},
	volume = {640},
	pages = {-388},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4271
@misc{suris0000discrete,


	author = {Suris, Yu},
	booktitle = {Discrete Integrable Systems},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391222},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=03NR74GLM13DF0MA},
	editor = {Grammaticos, Basil and Tamizhmani, Thamizharasi and Kosmann-Schwarzbach, Yvette},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:09},
	priority = {2},
	title = {Discrete Lagrangian Models},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=03NR74GLM13DF0MA},
	volume = {644},
	pages = {Springer-Verlag---184},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4272
@misc{coniglio0000jamming,


	author = {Coniglio, A. and Fierro, A. and de Candia, A. and Nicodemi, M. and Tarzia, M. and Pica Ciamarra, M.},
	booktitle = {Jamming, Yielding, and Irreversible Deformation in Condensed Matter},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391221},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=doi:10.1007/11581000_4},
	editor = {Carmen, Miguel},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:09},
	priority = {2},
	title = {Jamming in Dense Granular Media},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=doi:10.1007/11581000_4},
	volume = {688},
	pages = {Springer-Verlag---68},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4273
@book{kroger0000simple_1,

	author = {Kroger, Martin},
	title = {Simple Models for Polymeric and Anisotropic Liquids},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391220},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=doi:10.1007/11377221_1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=doi:10.1007/11377221_1},
	volume = {675},
	pages = {Springer-Verlag---11},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4274
@misc{espanol0000dissipative,


	author = {Espanol, Pep},
	booktitle = {Trends in Nanoscale Mechanics: Analysis of Nanostructured Materials and Multi-Scale Modeling},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391219},
	editor = {Harik, V. M. and Salas, M. D.},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	old_pages = {Kluwer+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:09},
	priority = {2},
	title = {Dissipative Particle Dynamics},
	pages = {Kluwer+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4275
@misc{espanol0000statistical,


	author = {Espanol, Pep},
	booktitle = {Novel Methods in Soft Matter Simulations},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391218},
	editor = {Karttunen, Mikko and Vattulainen, Ilpo and Lukkarinen, Ari},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:09},
	priority = {2},
	title = {Statistical Mechanics of Coarse-Graining},
	volume = {640},
	pages = {Springer-Verlag+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4276
@article{hutter0000phoretic,

	author = {Hutter, Markus and Kroger, Martin},
	title = {Phoretic forces on convex particles from kinetic theory and nonequilibrium thermodynamics},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391217},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/124/044511/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, diffusion, jin, kinetics, nonequilibrium, suns, thermal, thermodynamics},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:09},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {AIP},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/124/044511/1},
	volume = {124},
	pages = {-13},

	keywords = {
		diffusion,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		nonequilibrium,
		suns,
		thermal,
		thermodynamics,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4277
@article{kroger0000simple_2,

	author = {Kroger, Martin},
	title = {Simple models for complex nonequilibrium fluids},
	journal = {Physics Reports},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This review is concerned with the nonequilibrium dynamics and structure of complex fluids based on simple micro- and mesoscopic physical models which are not rigorously solvable by analytic methods. Special emphasis is placed on the finitely extendable nonlinear elastic (FENE) chain models which account for molecular stretch, bending, and topology. More coarse-grained descriptions such as primitive path models, and elongated particle models are reviewed as well. We focus on their inherently anisotropic material--in particular rheological--properties via deterministic and stochastic approaches. A number of representative examples are given on how simple (often high-dimensional) models can, and have been implemented in order to enable the analysis of the microscopic origins of the nonlinear viscoelastic behavior of polymeric materials. These examples are shown to provide us with a number of routes for developing and establishing coarse-grained (low-dimensional) models devoted to the prediction of a reduced number of significant material properties. At this stage approximations which allow for an analytical treatment are discussed as well. Concerning the types of complex fluids, we cover the range from flexible to semiflexible polymers in melts and solutions, wormlike micelles, structural suspensions including ferrofluids in field-induced anisotropic or liquid crystalline phases.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391216},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVP-4B8BFKY-1/2/51b65eaf2d0ad1216680a7e0c25cdeb9},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, brownian, chain, crystal, dynamics, ferrofluid, flow, jin, kinetics, liquid, mesoscopic, microscopy, model, molecule, network, nonnewtonian, order, orientation, particle, path, polymer, rheology, stochastic, structure, suns, tube, viscosity},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVP-4B8BFKY-1/2/51b65eaf2d0ad1216680a7e0c25cdeb9},
	volume = {390},
	pages = {-551},

	keywords = {
		brownian,
		chain,
		crystal,
		dynamics,
		ferrofluid,
		flow,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		liquid,
		mesoscopic,
		microscopy,
		model,
		molecule,
		network,
		nonnewtonian,
		order,
		orientation,
		particle,
		path,
		polymer,
		rheology,
		stochastic,
		structure,
		suns,
		tube,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4278
@article{voter0000extending,

	author = {Voter, Arthur F. and Montalenti, Francesco and Germann, Timothy C.},
	title = {EXTENDING THE TIME SCALE IN ATOMISTIC SIMULATION OF MATERIALS},
	journal = {Annual Review of Materials Research},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Obtaining a good atomistic description of diffusion dynamics in materials has been a daunting task owing to the time-scale limitations of the molecular dynamics method. We discuss promising new methods, derived from transition state theory, for accelerating molecular dynamics simulations of these infrequent-event processes. These methods, hyperdynamics, parallel replica dynamics, temperature-accelerated dynamics, and on-the-fly kinetic Monte Carlo, can reach simulation times several orders of magnitude longer than direct molecular dynamics while retaining full atomistic detail. Most applications so far have involved surface diffusion and growth, but it is clear that these methods can address a wide range of materials problems.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391215},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.matsci.32.112601.141541},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.matsci.32.112601.141541},
	volume = {32},
	pages = {-346},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4279
@article{battaile0000kinetic,

	author = {Battaile, Corbett C. and Srolovitz, David J.},
	title = {KINETIC MONTE CARLO SIMULATION OF CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION},
	journal = {Annual Review of Materials Research},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The kinetic Monte Carlo method is a powerful tool for exploring the evolution and properties of a wide range of problems and systems. Kinetic Monte Carlo is ideally suited for modeling the process of chemical vapor deposition, which involves the adsorption, desorption, evolution, and incorporation of vapor species at the surface of a growing film. Deposition occurs on a time scale that is generally not accessible to fully atomistic approaches such as molecular dynamics, whereas an atomically resolved Monte Carlo method parameterized by accurate chemical kinetic data is capable of exploring deposition over long times (min) on large surfaces (mm2). There are many kinetic Monte Carlo approaches that can simulate chemical vapor deposition, ranging from coarse-grained model systems with hypothetical input parameters to physically realistic atomic simulations with accurate chemical kinetic input. This article introduces the kinetic Monte Carlo technique, reviews some of the major approaches, details the construction and implementation of the method, and provides an example of its application to a technologically relevant deposition system.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391214},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.matsci.32.012102.110247},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.matsci.32.012102.110247},
	volume = {32},
	pages = {-319},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4280
@article{chen0000phasefield,

	author = {Chen, Long-Qing},
	title = {PHASE-FIELD MODELS FOR MICROSTRUCTURE EVOLUTION},
	journal = {Annual Review of Materials Research},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The phase-field method has recently emerged as a powerful computational approach to modeling and predicting mesoscale morphological and microstructure evolution in materials. It describes a microstructure using a set of conserved and nonconserved field variables that are continuous across the interfacial regions. The temporal and spatial evolution of the field variables is governed by the Cahn-Hilliard nonlinear diffusion equation and the Allen-Cahn relaxation equation. With the fundamental thermodynamic and kinetic information as the input, the phase-field method is able to predict the evolution of arbitrary morphologies and complex microstructures without explicitly tracking the positions of interfaces. This paper briefly reviews the recent advances in developing phase-field models for various materials processes including solidification, solid-state structural phase transformations, grain growth and coarsening, domain evolution in thin films, pattern formation on surfaces, dislocation microstructures, crack propagation, and electromigration.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391213},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.matsci.32.112001.132041},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.matsci.32.112001.132041},
	volume = {32},
	pages = {-140},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4281
@article{torquato0000statistical,

	author = {Torquato, S.},
	title = {STATISTICAL DESCRIPTION OF MICROSTRUCTURES},
	journal = {Annual Review of Materials Research},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We review progress made in quantitatively ascertaining the various statistical correlation functions that are fundamental to determining the material properties of specific classes of disordered materials. Topics covered include the definitions of the correlation functions, a unified theoretical means of representing and computing the different statistical descriptors, structural characterization from two-dimensional and three-dimensional images of materials, scalar order metrics and particle packings, and reconstruction techniques.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391212},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.matsci.32.110101.155324},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.matsci.32.110101.155324},
	volume = {32},
	pages = {-111},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4282
@article{oguz2005datadriven,

	author = {Oguz, Cihan and Gallivan, Martha A.},
	title = {A data-driven approach for reduction of molecular simulations},
	journal = {International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control},
	year = {2005},

	abstract = {Stochastic simulations based on non-equilibrium statistical mechanics describe the interactions among many discrete atoms or molecules, and thus describe the dynamics of materials processing in applications ranging from inorganic crystalline films to amorphous polymer melts. In general, non-equilibrium thermodynamics does not directly yield a closed, low-dimensional dynamic equation, although such a model would be desirable to analyse the dynamics and to optimize and control the process. A practical approach is described here in which targeted simulations are combined with systematic tools to elucidate the dynamics. Copyright {\\copyright} 2005 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391211},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rnc.1020},
	doi = {10.1002/rnc.1020},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {15},
	old_pages = {743},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rnc.1020},
	volume = {15},
	pages = {743},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4283
@article{gao0000simulation,

	author = {Gao, Huajian and Kong, Yong},
	title = {SIMULATION OF DNA-NANOTUBE INTERACTIONS},
	journal = {Annual Review of Materials Research},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Carbon nanotubes functionalized with biological molecules (such as protein peptides and nucleic acids) show great potential for application in bioengineering and nanotechnology. Fundamental understanding, description, and regulation of such bio-nano-systems will ultimately lead to a new generation of integrated systems that combine unique properties of the carbon nanotube (CNT) with biological recognition capabilities. In this review, we describe recent advances in understanding the interactions between deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA) and CNT, as well as relevant simulation techniques. We also review progress in simulating DNA noncovalent interactions with CNTs in an aqueous environment. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that DNA molecules may be encapsulated inside or wrap around CNT owing to van der Waals attraction between DNA and CNT. We focus on the dynamics and energetics of DNA encapsulation inside nanotubes and discuss the mechanism of encapsulation and the effects of nanotube size, nanotube end-group, DNA base sequence, solvent temperature and pressure on the encapsulation process. Finally, we discuss the likely impact of DNA encapsulation on bioengineering and nanotechnology, as well as other potential applications.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391210},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.matsci.34.040203.120402},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.matsci.34.040203.120402},
	volume = {34},
	pages = {-150},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4284
@article{koumoutsakos0000multiscale,

	author = {Koumoutsakos, Petros},
	title = {MULTISCALE FLOW SIMULATIONS USING PARTICLES},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Flow simulations are one of the archetypal multiscale problems. Simulations of turbulent and unsteady separated flows have to resolve a multitude of interacting scales, whereas molecular phenomena determine the structure of shocks and the validity of the no-slip boundary condition. Particle simulations of continuum and molecular phenomena can be formulated by following the motion of interacting particles that carry the physical properties of the flow. In this article we review Lagrangian, multiresolution, particle methods such as vortex methods and smooth particle hydrodynamics for the simulation of continuous flows and molecular dynamics for the simulation of flows at the atomistic scale. We review hybrid molecular-continuum simulations with an emphasis on the computational aspects of the problem. We identify the common computational characteristics of particle methods and discuss their properties that enable the formulation of a systematic framework for multiscale flow simulations.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391209},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.fluid.37.061903.175753},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {487},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.fluid.37.061903.175753},
	volume = {37},
	pages = {487},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4285
@article{glotzer0000molecular,

	author = {Glotzer, Sharon C. and Paul, Wolfgang},
	title = {MOLECULAR AND MESOSCALE SIMULATION METHODS FOR POLYMER MATERIALS},
	journal = {Annual Review of Materials Research},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Polymers offer a wide spectrum of possibilities for materials applications, in part because of the chemical complexity and variability of the constituent molecules, and in part because they can be blended together with other organic as well as inorganic components. The majority of applications of polymeric materials is based on their excellent mechanical properties, which arise from the long-chain nature of the constituents. Microscopically, this means that polymeric materials are able to respond to external forces in a broad frequency range, i.e., with a broad range of relaxation processes. Computer simulation methods are ideally suited to help to understand these processes and the structural properties that lead to them and to further our ability to predict materials properties and behavior. However, the broad range of timescales and underlying structure prohibits any one single simulation method from capturing all of these processes. This manuscript provides an overview of some of the more popular computational models and methods used today in the field of molecular and mesoscale simulation of polymeric materials, ranging from molecular models and methods that treat electronic degrees of freedom to mesoscopic field theoretic methods.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391208},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.matsci.32.010802.112213},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {436},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:09},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.matsci.32.010802.112213},
	volume = {32},
	pages = {436},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4286
@article{hutter0000thermodynamically,

	author = {Hutter, Markus},
	title = {Thermodynamically consistent incorporation of the Schneider rate equations into two-phase models},
	journal = {Phys. Rev. E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391207},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:09},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {64},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4287
@article{ellero0000thermodynamically,

	author = {Ellero, Marco and Espanol, Pep and Flekk{\o}y, Eirik G.},
	title = {Thermodynamically consistent fluid particle model for viscoelastic flows},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391206},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v68/e041504},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, entropy, flow, jin, nonnewtonian, rheology, stochastic, suns, thermodynamics},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:09},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v68/e041504},
	volume = {68},
	pages = {-19},

	keywords = {
		entropy,
		flow,
		jin,
		nonnewtonian,
		rheology,
		stochastic,
		suns,
		thermodynamics,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4288
@article{espanol0000smoothed,

	author = {Espanol, Pep and Revenga, Mariano},
	title = {Smoothed dissipative particle dynamics},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391205},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v67/e026705},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, fluctuation, hydrodynamics, jin, navierstokes, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:08},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v67/e026705},
	volume = {67},
	pages = {-12},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		fluctuation,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		navier, stokes,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4289
@article{alexander0000amorphous,

	author = {Alexander, Shlomo},
	title = {Amorphous solids: their structure, lattice dynamics and elasticity},
	journal = {Physics Reports},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Amorphous solids fall into any reasonable definition of a solid. This means that it should be possible to describe amorphous solids in terms of an expansion in deviations from a well defined rigid microscopic reference frame -- as in the Cauchy-Born lattice-dynamics of periodic crystals. The continuum limit of this microscopic expansion is a field theory -- continuum elasticity. It follows that different types of amorphous solids can differ from each other and from crystalline solids only because of differences in the nature of their microscopic reference states. A theory of amorphous solids which implements this general point of view must satisfy two very general restrictions: (1) translation-rotation invariance of the expansion and (2) the reference state must be a stable equilibrium state. We construct such a general theory and also describe some results of its application to specific types of amorphous solids. The monograph consists of three parts.Part I. The Cauchy-Born Theory of Solids, describes a general and explicitly translation-rotation invariant formulation of the Cauchy-Born expansion. This is done by using the fact that the translation-rotation invariant energy of a many particle system can be regarded as a function of the interparticle distances. The resulting formalism leads to local expressions for the continuum limit which can be used to derive microscopic expressions for the local elastic constants and for the stresses from the coefficients in the microscopic expansion around a specific reference state. One finds that the initial stresses in the microscopic reference state lead to special stress induced terms in the harmonic expansion whose continuum limit is the second order strain. Their effect on the bulk stability of the reference states of tenuous solids is closely analogous to the role of stresses in continuum stability theory.Part II. The Rigidity of Floppy Bonded Networks, studies the stability of tenuous reference states. The theory developed in this section extends the standard considerations of the effect of stresses on the elastic stability of thin rods and shells to the complex internal structures which describe the bulk of solids. There is a geometric aspect. The interaction scheme of a physical model, the bond structure, defines a graph -- the bonded network. When this network can be deformed continuously in d-dimensions even when all its bonded distances are fixed is geometrically floppy. A model which is described by such a network has a manifold of free degrees of freedom which have no rigidity for unstressed reference states. Mostly the free modes describe collective deformations of the reference state. We show that their number can be very large and that they often constitute a significant fraction of all eigenmodes. Like the bending of a thin rod these free modes are sensitive to stresses in the reference state around which one is expanding. When there are stresses they can become unstable, leading to structural buckling instabilities, or stable -- depending on the sign of the relevant stresses. The theory of floppy networks thus allows us to study structural buckling, the bulk analog of the Euler buckling of rods and shells, and the stabilization of bulk shears by stretching which is the origin of the shear rigidity of most soft solids.Part III. The Role of Stresses in Amorphous Solids, applies these results. The emphasis is on the stability of the reference state. We require stability against structural buckling and on the role of stresses in stabilizing the soft modes of tenuous bonding structures. The shear rigidity of rubbers and wet gel-likes is that of floppy bonded networks which are stretched. Like the shear rigidity of stretched membranes it is that of a network of stretched springs. We show that this is possible only because such solids are not rigid down to the atomic level. We discuss the stability of stressed granular packings emphasizing the fact that the packing has to be stable against structural buckling. This gives considerable insight into the internal mechanics of granular packings because it not only considers the equilibrium conditions on the individual grains but also the collective linear stability of a stressed packing. We then describe a new model of quenched glasses which emphasizes the role of the internal stresses in the glass. The essence of this model is the distinction between the molecular configuration in the quenched liquid, the \&ldquo;snapshot state\&rdquo; and the stable equilibrium reference state of the glass which emerges from it even for the most rapid ideal quench. We argue that structural buckling dominates the restructuring in the ideal quench and show that this predicts strong correlations between the local structure of the reference state and the internal stresses. Some of the most striking properties of glasses appear naturally in this microscopic model.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391204},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVP-3T02YT8-6/2/9de33579cd9fffa68ff9303eaac86b22},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2-4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:08},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVP-3T02YT8-6/2/9de33579cd9fffa68ff9303eaac86b22},
	volume = {296},
	pages = {-236},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4290
@article{ball0000from,

	author = {Ball, Robin C. and Blumenfeld, Raphael},
	title = {From plasticity to a renormalization group},
	journal = {Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The marginally rigid state is a candidate paradigm for what makes granular material a state of matter distinct from both liquid and solid. The coordination number is identified as a discriminating characteristic, and for rough-surfaced particles we show that the low values predicted are indeed approached in simple two-dimensional experiments. We show calculations of the stress transmission, suggesting that this is governed by local linear equations of constraint between the stress components. These constraints can in turn be related to the generalized forces conjugate to the motion of grains rolling over each other. The lack of a spatially coherent way of imposing a sign convention on these motions is a problem for scaling up the equations, which leads us to attempt a renormalization-group calculation. Finally, we discuss how perturbations propagate through such systems, suggesting a distinction between the behaviour of rough and smooth grains.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391202},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, jin, material, packing, stress, suns, transmission, yield},
	old_pages = {740},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:08},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {360},
	pages = {740},

	keywords = {
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		packing,
		stress,
		suns,
		transmission,
		yield,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4291
@article{dufty0000kinetic,

	author = {Dufty, Jame W.},
	title = {Kinetic Theory and Hydrodynamics for Rapid Granular Flow - A Perspective},
	journal = {arXiv:cond-mat/0108444 v1 27 Aug 2001},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391201},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:08},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4292
@book{evans0000statistical_2,

	author = {Evans, Denis J. and Morriss, Gray P.},
	title = {Statistical Mechanics of Nonequilibrium Liquids},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	address = {San Diego},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391200},
	comment = {This book intended to provide a pedagogical discussion of the statistical mechanical enviroment of the algorithms in the book "Computer simulation of liquids" by Allen and Tildesley.},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:52:08},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Academic Press+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4293
@article{zhou0000look,

	author = {Zhou, Min},
	title = {A new look at the atomic level virial stress: on continuum-molecular system equivalence},
	journal = {Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391196},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.journals.royalsoc.ac.uk/(cml4ya55vy5utf55u2w5l555)/app/home/linking.asp?referrer=linking&#38;target=contribution&#38;id=62K2EU8LUUA5YJC6&#38;backto=contribution,1,1;issue,11,11;journal,34,115;linkingpublicationresults,1:102023,1v},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, atomic, cauchy, continuum, dynamics, jin, molecule, pressure, stress, suns, tensor, virial},
	number = {2037},
	old_pages = {2392},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:36},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.journals.royalsoc.ac.uk/(cml4ya55vy5utf55u2w5l555)/app/home/linking.asp?referrer=linking&#38;target=contribution&#38;id=62K2EU8LUUA5YJC6&#38;backto=contribution,1,1;issue,11,11;journal,34,115;linkingpublicationresults,1:102023,1v},
	volume = {459},
	pages = {2392},

	keywords = {
		atomic,
		cauchy,
		continuum,
		dynamics,
		jin,
		molecule,
		pressure,
		stress,
		suns,
		tensor,
		virial,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4294
@article{sundaresan0000instabilities,

	author = {Sundaresan, Sankaran},
	title = {INSTABILITIES IN FLUIDIZED BEDS},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This paper reviews recent advances in our understanding of the origin and hierarchy of organized flow structures in fluidized beds, distinction between bubbling and nonbubbling systems, and stages of bubble evolution. Experimental data and theory suggest that, at high particle concentrations, the particle-phase pressure arising from flow-induced velocity fluctuations decreases with increasing concentration of particles. This, in turn, implies that nonhydrodynamic stresses must be present to impart stability to a uniformly fluidized bed at very high particle concentrations. There is ample evidence to support an argument that, in commonly encountered gas-fluidized beds, yield stresses associated with enduring particle networks are present in the window of stable bed expansion, where the particles are essentially immobile until bubbling commences. However, some recent data on gas-fluidized beds of agglomerates of cohesive particles suggest that there exists a window of bed expansion where the bed does manifest a smooth appearance to the naked eye and the particles are mobile; at higher gas velocities the bed bubbles visibly. The mechanics of such beds remain to be fully explained.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391195},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.fluid.35.101101.161151},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {88},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:36},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.fluid.35.101101.161151},
	volume = {35},
	pages = {88},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4295
@book{baryam0000dynamics,

	author = {Bar-Yam, Yaneer},
	title = {Dynamics of Complex Systems},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391194},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:36},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Westview Press+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4296
@article{west2006thoughts,

	author = {West, Bruce J.},
	title = {Thoughts on modeling complexity},
	journal = {Complexity},
	year = {2006},

	abstract = {The simplest and probably the most familiar model of statistical processes in the physical sciences is the random walk. This simple model has been applied to all manner of phenomena, ranging from DNA sequences to the firing of neurons. Herein we extend the random walk model beyond that of mimicking simple statistics to include long-time memory in the dynamics of complex phenomena. We show that complexity can give rise to fractional-difference stochastic processes whose continuum limit is a fractional Langevin equation, that is, a fractional differential equation driven by random fluctuations. Furthermore, the index of the inverse power-law spectrum in many complex processes can be related to the fractional derivative index in the fractional Langevin equation. This fractional stochastic model suggests that a scaling process guides the dynamics of many complex phenomena. The alternative to the fractional Langevin equation is a fractional diffusion equation describing the evolution of the probability density for certain kinds of anomalous diffusion. {\\copyright} 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391193},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cplx.20114},
	doi = {10.1002/cplx.20114},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	old_pages = {43},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:36},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cplx.20114},
	volume = {11},
	pages = {43},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4297
@article{peters0000characterization,

	author = {Peters, J. F. and Muthuswamy, M. and Wibowo, J. and Tordesillas, A.},
	title = {Characterization of force chains in granular material},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391192},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e041307},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, compression, deformation, distribution, force, granular, jin, material, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:36},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {APS},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e041307},
	volume = {72},
	pages = {-8},

	keywords = {
		compression,
		deformation,
		distribution,
		force,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4298
@article{blumenfeld0000stress,

	author = {Blumenfeld, Raphael},
	title = {Stress in planar cellular solids and isostatic granular assemblies: coarse-graining the constitutive equation},
	journal = {Physica A: Statistical and Theoretical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A recent theory for stress transmission in isostatic granular and cellular systems predicts a constitutive equation that couples the stress field to the local microstructure (Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 (2002) 115505). The theory could not be applied to macroscopic systems because the constitutive equation becomes trivial upon straightforward coarse-graining. This problem is resolved here for arbitrary planar structures. The solution is based on the observation that the staggered order makes it possible to couple the stress to a reduced geometric tensor that can be coarse-grained. The method proposed here makes it possible to apply this idea to realistic systems whose staggered order is generally \&lsquo;frustrated\&rsquo;. This is achieved by a renormalization procedure which removes the frustration and enables the use of the upscalable reduced tensor. As an example we calculate the stress due to a defect in a periodic solid foam.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391191},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-4BJW9MR-4/2/2a5b99cb8f8c33b463e75a6ffc47bc42},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, cell, foam, granular, isostaticity, jin, material, micromechanics, solid, stress, suns},
	number = {3-4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:36},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-4BJW9MR-4/2/2a5b99cb8f8c33b463e75a6ffc47bc42},
	volume = {336},
	pages = {-368},

	keywords = {
		cell,
		foam,
		granular,
		isostaticity,
		jin,
		material,
		micromechanics,
		solid,
		stress,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4299
@article{ball0000stress,

	author = {Ball, Robin C. and Blumenfeld, Raphael},
	title = {Stress Field in Granular Systems: Loop Forces and Potential Formulation},
	journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391190},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {URL: http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v88/e115505},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:36},
	priority = {2},
	url = {URL: http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v88/e115505},
	volume = {88},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4300
@article{truskett0000towards,

	author = {Truskett, Thomas M. and Torquato, Salvatore and Debenedetti, Pablo G.},
	title = {Towards a quantification of disorder in materials: Distinguishing equilibrium and glassy sphere packings},
	journal = {Phys. Rev. E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391188},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v62/p993},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:36},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v62/p993},
	volume = {62},
	pages = {-1001},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4301
@article{truskett0000density,

	author = {Truskett, Thomas M. and Torquato, Salvatore and Debenedetti, Pablo G.},
	title = {Density fluctuations in many-body systems},
	journal = {Phys. Rev. E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391187},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:35},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {58},
	pages = {-7380},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4302
@article{blumenfeld0000granular,

	author = {Blumenfeld, Raphael and Edwards, Sam F.},
	title = {Granular Entropy: Explicit Calculations for Planar Assemblies},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391186},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v90/e114303},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, entropy, geometry, granular, jin, material, suns, tensor},
	number = {11},
	old_pages = {APS+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v90/e114303},
	volume = {90},
	pages = {APS+},

	keywords = {
		entropy,
		geometry,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		suns,
		tensor,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4303
@article{edwards0000granular,

	author = {Edwards, S. F. and Grinev, D. V.},
	title = {Granular media as a physics problem},
	journal = {Advances in Complex Systems},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391185},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	old_pages = {17},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:34},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {4},
	pages = {17},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4304
@article{edwards0000tensorial,

	author = {Edwards, S. F. and Grinev, D. V.},
	title = {The tensorial formulation of volume function for packings of particles},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A statistical-geometrical theory of packings of particles is given. Probability distribution of density is written in terms of the probability distribution of contact points. Formulation of volume function is presented in terms of configuration tensors. Model volume function is discussed for a simple packing. Links between the invariants of configuration tensors, pair correlation functions and orientational order parameter are highlighted.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391184},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-441VXTD-3/2/d0324db46a4957ee176eab207f3e4d9f},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, compaction, jin, packing, random, suns, volume},
	number = {19},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFK-441VXTD-3/2/d0324db46a4957ee176eab207f3e4d9f},
	volume = {56},
	pages = {-5455},

	keywords = {
		compaction,
		jin,
		packing,
		random,
		suns,
		volume,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4305
@article{edwards0000transmission,

	author = {Edwards, S. F. and Grinev, D. V.},
	title = {Transmission of stress in granular materials as a problem of statistical mechanics},
	journal = {Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We consider the problem of stress transmission in granular materials. We formulate the simplest statically determinate problem of stress transmission through a static granular material. This is the case when grains are rigid and have an average coordination number of . Under this condition the system of Newton's equations of interparticle force and torque balance is complete. This means that there exists a complete set of equations for the macroscopic stress tensor \\$[\\$sigma\\$]\\$ij(r) i.e., the d (where d is the dimension of the problem) equations of force balance \\$[\\$backward difference\\$]\\$j\\$[\\$sigma\\$]\\$ij(r)=gi(r) have to be supported by d(d-1)/2 equations. These equations have their origin in Newton's laws of interparticle force and torque balance and incorporate tensorial geometrical characteristics of the packing. We conjecture that in order to have a coherent and self-consistent continuum theory of stress transmission in static granular media it is necessary to link the averaging procedure to the concept of compactivity. We emphasize that although real granular materials have many features ignored within the proposed framework it is essential for making progress to derive equations of stress transmission for the simplest model, as opposed to guessing and postulating.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391183},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-44760NH-G/2/ec4186e28a38d35f65ec5303d819c691},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, compaction, granular, jin, material, packing, random, stress, suns, transmission, volume},
	number = {1-4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:34},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-44760NH-G/2/ec4186e28a38d35f65ec5303d819c691},
	volume = {302},
	pages = {-186},

	keywords = {
		compaction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		packing,
		random,
		stress,
		suns,
		transmission,
		volume,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4306
@article{edwards0000statistical,

	author = {Edwards, S. F. and Grinev, D. V.},
	title = {Statistical Mechanics of Stress Transmission in Disordered Granular Arrays},
	journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391182},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {26},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:34},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {82},
	pages = {-5400},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4307
@misc{tryggvason0000computations,


	author = {Tryggvason, Gretar and Bunner, Bernard and Esmaeeli, Asghar and Al-Rawahi, Nabeel},
	booktitle = {Advances in Applied Mechanics},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391181},
	editor = {Aref, Hassan and Van der Giessen, Erik},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:34},
	priority = {2},
	title = {Computations of Multiphase Flows},
	volume = {39},
	pages = {Academic Press--120},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4308
@article{ye0000from,

	author = {Ye, M. and van der Hoef, M. A. and Kuipers, J. A. M.},
	title = {From discrete particle model to a continuous model of Geldart a particles},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Research and Design},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A reliable description of dense gas - solid two-phase flows of Geldart A particles in gas-fluidized beds at life-size scale is of great practical importance in process industries. The classical two-fluid model, based on the kinetic theory of granular flows (KTGF), provides a very promising theoretical framework for predicting large-scale gas-solid two-phase flows. However, thus far the two fluid model has not been successful in describing gas-solid flows of Geldart A particles. As the kinetic theory was originally developed for cohesiveless particles, it is essential to check if the theory can still work for Geldart A particles, which are slightly cohesive. In this research, a soft-sphere discrete particle model (DPM) is used to study the detailed particle-particle interactions in periodic boundary domains, where interparticle van der Waals forces are taken into account, with no gas phase present. In our simulations, we (1) compare the results for both the hard-sphere and the soft-sphere discrete particle model for cohesiveless particles, with the theoretical predictions obtained from the kinetic theory of granular flows, and (2) study the effect of the cohesive forces in the soft-sphere model and explore a way to modify the current kinetic theory according to the soft-sphere DPM simulation results. The information obtained from these simulations can be further incorporated into the KTGF based two-fluid model. \\copyright 2005 Institution of Chemical Engineers.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391180},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, boundary, flow, fluidization, force, gas, jin, kinetics, layer, matter, particle, phase, suns, vanderwaals},
	number = {7 A},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:33},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {Institute of Chemical Engineers, Rugby, Warks., CV21 3HQ, United Kingdom},
	volume = {83},
	pages = {-843},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		boundary,
		flow,
		fluidization,
		force,
		gas,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		layer,
		matter,
		particle,
		phase,
		suns,
		vanderwaals,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4309
@proceedings{dijkhuizen0000numerical,

	title = {Numerical investigation of closures for interface forces acting on single air-bubbles in water using Volume of Fluid and Front Tracking models},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Closures for the drag and virtual mass forces acting on a single air bubble rising in initially quiescent pure water have been numerically investigated using direct numerical simulation techniques. A 3D Front Tracking model was used and the results were compared with simulation results obtained with a 2D Volume of Fluid model to assess the influence of the third dimension. In the simulations realistic values were taken for the physical properties, i.e., a density ratio of 800. The computed time-averaged terminal rise velocity and mean aspect ratio for individual air bubbles ranging in equivalent diameter from 1 to 10 mm rising in pure water compare well with available experimental data. \\copyright 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	author = {Dijkhuizen, W. and Van Den Hengel, E. I. V. and Deen, N. G. and Van Sint Annaland, M. and Kuipers, J. A. M.},
	booktitle = {7th International Conference on Gas-Liquid and Gas-Liquid-Solid Reactor Engineering, Aug 22-24 2005},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391179},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bubble, drag, fluid, jin, mathematics, model, physical, ratio, suns},
	number = {22},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:33},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom},
	series = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	volume = {60},
	pages = {-6175},

	keywords = {
		bubble,
		drag,
		fluid,
		jin,
		mathematics,
		model,
		physical,
		ratio,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4310
@article{van0000computational,

	author = {Van Der Hoef, M. A. and Van Sint Annaland, M. and Kuipers, J. A. M.},
	title = {Computational fluid dynamics for dense gas-solid fluidized beds: A multi-scale modeling strategy},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Dense gas-particle flows are encountered in a variety of industrially important processes for large scale production of fuels, fertilizers and base chemicals. The scale-up of these processes is often problematic, which can be related to the intrinsic complexities of these flows which are unfortunately not yet fully understood despite significant efforts made in both academic and industrial research laboratories. In dense gas-particle flows both (effective) fluid-particle and (dissipative) particle-particle interactions need to be accounted for because these phenomena, to a large extent, govern the prevailing flow phenomena, i.e. the formation and evolution of heterogeneous structures. These structures have significant impact on the quality of the gas-solid contact and as a direct consequence thereof strongly affect the performance of the process. Due to the inherent complexity of dense gas-particles flows, we have adopted a multi-scale modeling approach in which both fluid-particle and particle-particle interactions can be properly accounted for. The idea is essentially that fundamental models, taking into account the relevant details of fluid-particle (lattice Boltzmann model (LBM)) and particle-particle (discrete particle model (DPM)) interactions, are used to develop closure laws to feed continuum models which can be used to compute the flow structures on a much larger (industrial) scale. Our multi-scale approach (see Fig. 1) involves the LBM, the DPM, the continuum model based on the kinetic theory of granular flow, and the discrete bubble model. In this paper we give an overview of the multi-scale modeling strategy, accompanied by illustrative computational results for bubble formation. In addition, areas which need substantial further attention will be highlighted. \\copyright 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	booktitle = {ISCRE18},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391178},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, control, fertilizer, fuel, gas, jin, lattice, particle, suns},
	number = {22-23},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:33},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom},
	volume = {59},
	pages = {-5165},

	keywords = {
		control,
		fertilizer,
		fuel,
		gas,
		jin,
		lattice,
		particle,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4311
@article{patil0000critical_1,

	author = {Patil, D. J. and Van Sint Annaland, M. and Kuipers, J. A. M.},
	title = {Critical comparison of hydrodynamic models for gas-solid fluidized beds - Part I : Bubbling gas-solid fluidized beds operated with a jet},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In the Eulerian approach to model gas-solid fluidized beds closures are required for the internal momentum transfer in the particulate phase. Firstly, two closure models, one semi-empirical model assuming a constant viscosity of the solid phase (CVM) and a second model based on the kinetic theory of granular flow (KTGF), have been compared in this part in their performance to describe bubble formation at a single orifice and the time-averaged porosity profiles in the bed using experimental data obtained for a pseudo two-dimensional fluidized bed operated with a jet in the center. Numerical simulations have shown that bubble growth at a nozzle with a jet is mainly determined by the drag experienced by the gas percolating through the compaction region around the bubble interface, which is not much influenced by particle-particle interactions, so that the KTGF and CVM give very similar predictions. However, this KTGF model does not account for the long term and multi particle-particle contacts (frictional stresses) and under-predicts the solid phase viscosity at the wall as well as around the bubble and therefore over-predicts the bed expansion. Therefore, in the later part of the paper, the bubble growth at a single orifice and the time-averaged porosity distribution in the bed predicted by the KTGF model with and without frictional stresses are compared with experimental data. The model predictions by the KTGF are improved significantly by the incorporation of frictional stresses, which are however strongly influenced by the empirical parameters in this model. In Part II the comparison of the CVM and KTGF with experimental results is extended to freely bubbling fluidized beds. \\copyright 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391177},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bubble, energy, fluid, friction, jin, kinetics, phase, porosity, stress, suns, transition, viscosity},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:33},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom},
	volume = {60},
	pages = {-72},

	keywords = {
		bubble,
		energy,
		fluid,
		friction,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		phase,
		porosity,
		stress,
		suns,
		transition,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4312
@article{patil0000critical_2,

	author = {Patil, D. J. and Van Sint Annaland, M. and Kuipers, J. A. M.},
	title = {Critical comparison of hydrodynamic models for gas-solid fluidized beds-Part II: Freely bubbling gas-solid fluidized beds},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Correct prediction of spontaneous bubble formation in freely bubbling gas-solid fluidized beds using Eulerian models, strongly depends on the description of the internal momentum transfer in the particulate phase. In this part, the comparison of the simple classical model, describing the solid phase pressure only as a function of a solid porosity by an empirical correlation and assuming the solid phase viscosity constant, which is referred to as the constant viscosity model (CVM), with the more fundamental model based on the kinetic theory of granular flow (KTGF), in which the solid phase properties are described in much more detail in terms of instantaneous binary particle-particle interactions, has been extended for freely bubbling fluidized beds. The performance of the KTGF and the CVM in predicting the hydrodynamics of freely bubbling fluidized beds has been compared with experimental data and correlations taken from the literature. In freely bubbling fluidized beds at relatively low gas velocities, bubble formation is initiated by inelastic particle-particle interactions. When accounting for the dissipation of granular energy by particle collisions, the KTGF predicts much larger bubbles with a much sharper interface in comparison to the CVM. The average bubble size distribution predicted by the KTGF showed better agreement with correlations as well as experimental data from the literature. Although both models showed an increase in the predicted average bubble size with increasing superficial gas velocities, the discrepancy in the predicted bubble size becomes smaller, indicating the growing importance of the gas particle interactions in the bubble formation process at higher gas velocities. The rise velocity predicted by the KTGF and the CVM is approximately the same and in good agreement with correlations available in the literature. Since the KTGF predicts somewhat larger bubbles, also the predicted visible bubble flow is higher in comparison to the CVM. In very dense regions in the fluidized bed the KTGF based on instantaneous binary collisions needs to be extended for additional frictional stresses in addition to the kinetic and collisional transport mechanisms. The extra frictional stresses were implemented via a relatively simple semi-empirical closure model and proved to have a significant influence on the predicted bubble size, rise velocity and visible bubble flow rate, where the model predictions strongly depend on the empirical constants. To further enhance the performance of the KTGF to describe the hydrodynamics of freely bubbling beds a more fundamental description of the frictional stresses on the particle level should be incorporated. \\copyright 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391176},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, absorption, binary, bubble, chemical, colloid, energy, fluid, gas, jin, mixing, phase, solid, suns, transition},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:33},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom},
	volume = {60},
	pages = {-84},

	keywords = {
		absorption,
		binary,
		bubble,
		chemical,
		colloid,
		energy,
		fluid,
		gas,
		jin,
		mixing,
		phase,
		solid,
		suns,
		transition,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4313
@article{li0000origin,

	author = {Li, Jie and Kuipers, J. A. M.},
	title = {On the origin of heterogeneous structure in dense gas-solid flows},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The formation and evolution of flow structures in dense gas-fluidized beds with ideal collisional particles (elastic and frictionless) are investigated numerically by employing the discrete particle method, with special focus on the effect of gas-particle interaction. It is clarified that heterogeneous flow structures still exist in systems with elastic and frictionless particle collisions, even though the particles in the emulsion phase are more loosely packed. The flow structures in various flow regimes, including uniform, bubbling and turbulent fluidization, can be reproduced from these simulations. Systems with strong particle fluctuating motion but weak gas suspension display an emulsion-bubble structure. On the contrary, systems with weak particle fluctuation motion tend to produce uniform structures. If these two interactions are equally important, the system features complex flow patterns resembling those displayed in the turbulent fluidization. Energy analysis has revealed that the fluctuating motion of particles corresponds to the existence of heterogeneity in ideal collisional systems. The flow regime transition is actually the macro-scale expression of the altering degree of dominance of particle-particle and particle-fluid interactions. Particularly, it is also found that non-linear drag has the \\tt"phase separation\\tt" function by accelerating particles in the dense phase and decelerating particles in the dilute phase producing the fluctuating motion and thereby triggering non-homogeneous flow structure formation. \\copyright 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391175},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, bubble, emulsion, flow, fluid, fluidization, formation, interface, jin, particle, pattern, phase, suns, suspension},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:33},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom},
	volume = {60},
	pages = {-1265},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		bubble,
		emulsion,
		flow,
		fluid,
		fluidization,
		formation,
		interface,
		jin,
		particle,
		pattern,
		phase,
		suns,
		suspension,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4314
@article{darmana0000detailed,

	author = {Darmana, D. and Deen, N. G. and Kuipers, J. A. M.},
	title = {Detailed modeling of hydrodynamics, mass transfer and chemical reactions in a bubble column using a discrete bubble model},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A 3D discrete bubble model is adopted to investigate complex behavior involving hydrodynamics, mass transfer and chemical reactions in a gas-liquid bubble column reactor. In this model a continuum description is adopted for the liquid phase and additionally each individual bubble is tracked in a Lagrangian framework, while accounting for bubble-bubble and bubble-wall interactions via an encounter model. The mass transfer rate is calculated for each individual bubble using a surface renewal model accounting for the instantaneous and local properties of the liquid phase in its vicinity. The distributions in space of chemical species residing in the liquid phase are computed from the coupled species balances considering the mass transfer from bubbles and reactions between the species. The model has been applied to simulate chemisorption of CO\\$\_2\\$ bubbles in NaOH solutions. Our results show that apart from hydrodynamics behavior, the model is able to predict the bubble size distribution as well as temporal and spatial variations of each chemical species involved. \\copyright 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391174},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bubble, chemical, chemisorption, fluid, hydrodynamics, jin, mass, mathematics, model, reactor, suns, transfer},
	number = {12},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:33},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom},
	volume = {60},
	pages = {-3404},

	keywords = {
		bubble,
		chemical,
		chemisorption,
		fluid,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		mass,
		mathematics,
		model,
		reactor,
		suns,
		transfer,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4315
@article{van0000latticeboltzmann,

	author = {Van der Hoef, M. A. and Beetstra, R. and Kuipers, J. A. M.},
	title = {Lattice-Boltzmann simulations of low-Reynolds-number flow past mono- and bidisperse arrays of spheres: Results for the permeability and drag force},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We report on lattice-Boltzmann simulations of slow fluid flow past mono- and bidisperse random arrays of spheres. We have measured the drag force on the spheres for a range of diameter ratios, mass fractions and packing fractions; in total, we studied 58 different parameter sets. Our simulation data for the permeability agrees well with previous simulation results and the experimental findings. On the basis of our data for the individual drag force, we have formulated new drag force relations for both monodisperse and polydisperse systems, based on the Carman-Kozeny equations; the average deviation of our binary simulation data with the new relation is less than 5\%. We expect that these new relations will significantly improve the numerical modelling of gas-solid systems with polydisperse particles, in particular with respect to mixing and segregation phenomena. For binary systems with large diameter ratios (1:4), the individual drag force on a particle, as calculated from our relations, can differ by up to a factor of five compared with predictions presently favoured in chemical engineering. \\copyright 2005 Cambridge University Press.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391173},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, chemical, drag, jin, mathematics, model, reynold, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:33},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {Cambridge University Press, New York, NY 10011-4211, United States},
	volume = {528},
	pages = {-254},

	keywords = {
		chemical,
		drag,
		jin,
		mathematics,
		model,
		reynold,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4316
@article{yang0000segregation,

	author = {Yang, Xian-qing and Zhou, Kun and Qiu, Kang and Zhao, Yue-min},
	title = {Segregation of large granules from close-packed cluster of small granules due to buoyancy},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391172},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e031305},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, formation, granular, jin, pattern, segregation, suns},
	number = {3},
	old_pages = {APS+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e031305},
	volume = {73},
	pages = {APS+},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		formation,
		granular,
		jin,
		pattern,
		segregation,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4317
@article{depken0000continuum,

	author = {Depken, Martin and van Saarloos, Wim and van Hecke, Martin},
	title = {Continuum approach to wide shear zones in quasistatic granular matter},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391171},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e031302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, couette, flow, friction, granular, jin, shear, suns},
	number = {3},
	old_pages = {APS+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e031302},
	volume = {73},
	pages = {APS+},

	keywords = {
		couette,
		flow,
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		shear,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4318
@article{brey0000hydrodynamic_2,

	author = {Brey, Javier J. and Ruiz-Montero, M. J. and Moreno, F.},
	title = {Hydrodynamic profiles for an impurity in an open vibrated granular gas},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391170},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e031301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, diffusion, dynamics, flow, granular, hydrodynamics, jin, molecule, suns},
	number = {3},
	old_pages = {APS+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e031301},
	volume = {73},
	pages = {APS+},

	keywords = {
		diffusion,
		dynamics,
		flow,
		granular,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		molecule,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4319
@article{lovoll0000force,

	author = {L{\o}voll, Grunde and M\r{a}l{\o}y, Knut J. and Flekk{\o}y, Eirik G.},
	title = {Force measurements on static granular materials},
	journal = {Phys. Rev. E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391169},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v60/p5872},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v60/p5872},
	volume = {60},
	pages = {-5878},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4320
@article{berthier0000finitesize,

	author = {Berthier, Ludovic},
	title = {Finite-Size Scaling Analysis of the Glass Transition},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391167},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v91/e055701},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, glass, jin, suns, transition},
	number = {5},
	old_pages = {APS+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:33},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v91/e055701},
	volume = {91},
	pages = {APS+},

	keywords = {
		glass,
		jin,
		suns,
		transition,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4321
@article{sierou0000accelerated,

	author = {Sierou, Asimina and Brady, John F.},
	title = {Accelerated Stokesian Dynamics simulations},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391166},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:33},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {448},
	pages = {-146},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4322
@article{hill0000first,

	author = {Hill, R. J. and Koch, D. L. and Ladd, A. J. C.},
	title = {The first effects of fluid inertia on flows in ordered and random arrays of spheres},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Theory and lattice-Boltzmann simulations are used to examine the effects of fluid inertia, at small Reynolds numbers, on flows in simple cubic, face-centred cubic and random arrays of spheres. The drag force on the spheres, and hence the permeability of the arrays, is determined at small but finite Reynolds numbers, at solid volume fractions up to the close-packed limits of the arrays. For small solid volume fraction, the simulations are compared to theory, showing that the first inertial contribution to the drag force, when scaled with the Stokes drag force on a single sphere in an unbounded fluid, is proportional to the square of the Reynolds number. The simulations show that this scaling persists at solid volume fractions up to the close-packed limits of the arrays, and that the first inertial contribution to the drag force relative to the Stokes-flow drag force decreases with increasing solid volume fraction. The temporal evolution of the spatially averaged velocity and the drag force is examined when the fluid is accelerated from rest by a constant average pressure gradient toward a steady Stokes flow. Theory for the short- and long-time behaviour is in good agreement with simulations, showing that the unsteady force is dominated by quasi-steady drag and added-mass forces. The short- and long-time added-mass coefficients are obtained from potential-flow and quasi-steady viscous-flow approximations, respectively.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391165},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, drag, flow, fluid, jin, mechanics, permeability, pressure, reynold, sphere, suns, viscosity},
	number = {448},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:33},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {Cambridge University Press, New York, NY 10011-4211, United States},
	volume = {448},
	pages = {-241},

	keywords = {
		drag,
		flow,
		fluid,
		jin,
		mechanics,
		permeability,
		pressure,
		reynold,
		sphere,
		suns,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4323
@article{hill0000moderatereynoldsnumber,

	author = {Hill, R. J. and Koch, D. L. and Ladd, A. J. C.},
	title = {Moderate-Reynolds-number flows in ordered and random arrays of spheres},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Lattice-Boltzmann simulations are used to examine the effects of fluid inertia, at moderate Reynolds numbers, on flows in simple cubic, face-centred cubic and random arrays of spheres. The drag force on the spheres, and hence the permeability of the arrays, is calculated as a function of the Reynolds number at solid volume fractions up to the close-packed limits of the arrays. At Reynolds numbers up to 0(10\\$^2\\$), the non-dimensional drag force has a more complex dependence on the Reynolds number and the solid volume fraction than suggested by the well-known Ergun correlation, particularly at solid volume fractions smaller than those that can be achieved in physical experiments. However, good agreement is found between the simulations and Ergun's correlation at solid volume fractions approaching the close-packed limit. For ordered arrays, the drag force is further complicated by its dependence on the direction of the flow relative to the axes of the arrays, even though in the absence of fluid inertia the permeability is isotropic. Visualizations of the flows are used to help interpret the numerical results. For random arrays, the transition to unsteady flow and the effect of moderate Reynolds numbers on hydrodynamic dispersion are discussed.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391164},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dispersion, drag, flow, fluid, hydrodynamics, jin, mechanics, numeric, reynold, sphere, suns, visualization},
	number = {448},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:33},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {Cambridge University Press, New York, NY 10011-4211, United States},
	volume = {448},
	pages = {-278},

	keywords = {
		dispersion,
		drag,
		flow,
		fluid,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		mechanics,
		numeric,
		reynold,
		sphere,
		suns,
		visualization,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4324
@article{du0000studies,

	author = {Du, Bing and Warsito, W. and Fan, Liang-Shih},
	title = {ECT studies of gas-solid fluidized beds of different diameters},
	journal = {Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The bed dynamic behavior in three gas-solid fluidized beds, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.3 m in diameters, is studied using the electrical capacitance tomography (ECT). The ECT employs the neural network multicriteria optimization image reconstruction technique. The time-averaged solids concentrations obtained by the ECT are generally in good agreement with those obtained by the optical fiber probe. The 0.1 m ID fluidized bed exhibits the spiral motion of rising bubbles in the bubbling regime. However, for the 0.3 m ID fluidized bed, more than one spiral motion of bubble swarms is observed in the bubbling regime. The small fluidized bed exhibits the round-nosed slug motion. The ECT studies reveal a radial symmetry of the time-averaged solids concentration distribution for the turbulent regime. Furthermore, the ECT provides the time-averaged and transient properties of the bubble/void phase and the emulsion phase. For a large fluidized bed, the standard deviations of the fluctuations of the cross-sectional averaged solids concentration, bubble/void phase fraction, and solids concentration in the emulsion phase all peak at the transition velocity from the bubbling to the turbulent regimes, U\\$\_c\\$. For a small fluidized bed, the quantities of these variables peak at the onset to the slugging regime, decrease in the slugging regime, and then level off in the turbulent regime as the gas velocity increases. \\copyright 2005 American Chemical Society.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391163},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, bubble, electric, emulsion, fiber, flow, fluid, fluidization, impedance, jin, network, neural, optics, optimization, phase, reconstruction, suns, tomography, turbulence},
	number = {14},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:32},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {American Chemical Society, Columbus, OH 43210-3337, United States},
	volume = {44},
	pages = {-5030},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		bubble,
		electric,
		emulsion,
		fiber,
		flow,
		fluid,
		fluidization,
		impedance,
		jin,
		network,
		neural,
		optics,
		optimization,
		phase,
		reconstruction,
		suns,
		tomography,
		turbulence,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4325
@article{benyahia0000extension,

	author = {Benyahia, Sofiane and Syamlal, Madhava and O'Brien, Thomas J.},
	title = {Extension of Hill-Koch-Ladd drag correlation over all ranges of Reynolds number and solids volume fraction},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Hill et al. \\$[\\$R. J. Hill, D.L. Koch, J.C. Ladd, J. Fluid Mech. (2001), 448, pp. 213-241 and 243-278\\$]\\$ proposed a set of drag correlations, based on data from Lattice-Boltzmann simulations. These correlations, while very accurate within the range of void fractions and Reynolds numbers used in the Lattice-Boltzmann simulations, do not cover the full range of void fractions and Reynolds numbers encountered in fluidized bed simulations. In this paper a drag correlation applicable to the full range of void fractions and Reynolds numbers is developed by blending the Hill-Koch-Ladd (HKL) drag correlation with known limiting forms of the gas-solids drag function such that the blended function is continuous with respect to Reynolds number and void fraction. This study also corrects a misinterpretation of the HKL drag correlation that was published in the literature, which makes the drag function discontinuous with respect to the Reynolds number. Two examples of gas/solids flows in a bubbling fluidized bed and a one-dimensional channel flow are used to illustrate differences between the proposed extension of HKL drag correlation and another form published in the literature. \\copyright 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391162},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, drag, dynamics, flow, fluidization, gas, jin, phase, reynold, solid, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:32},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands},
	volume = {162},
	pages = {-174},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		drag,
		dynamics,
		flow,
		fluidization,
		gas,
		jin,
		phase,
		reynold,
		solid,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4326
@article{du0000nonhomogeneity,

	author = {Du, Bing and Fan, Liang-Shih and Warsito, W.},
	title = {Bed nonhomogeneity in turbulent gas-solid fluidization},
	journal = {AIChE Journal},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Bed dynamic behavior in a gas-solid fluidization system is measured in real time using ECT based on the NNMOIRT recently developed. The ECT results reveal the time-averaged and transient characteristics of the bubble/void phase and the emulsion phase, which is of value to the verification of the 3-D computation codes with real physical systems. In the turbulent regime, the time-averaged solids holdup distribution exhibits radial symmetry, which is not the case for the bubbling regime. The standard deviations of the fluctuations of the cross-sectional, averaged bubble/void phase fraction, and the cross-sectional, averaged solids holdups in the bubble/void phase and in the emulsion phase, all peak at the transition velocity from the bubbling to the turbulent regimes U\\$\_c\\$. The addition of 10\% fine particles decreases the solids holdup in the emulsion phase due to the breakup of large bubbles. The ECT study indicates that optical fiber probe measurement of the bubble/void phase fraction may yield significantly different results depending on the threshold level selected for the measured solids holdup distribution. The bubble/void phase fraction measured by the optical fiber probe does not vary with bed temperature up to 400^\\raise1pt\\$\\scriptstyle\\circ\\$C; the emulsion phase voidage is observed to increase as the bed temperature increases.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391161},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bubble, emulsion, fiber, fluid, fluidization, jin, optics, probe, suns, turbulence},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:32},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {American Institute of Chemical Engineers},
	volume = {49},
	pages = {-1126},

	keywords = {
		bubble,
		emulsion,
		fiber,
		fluid,
		fluidization,
		jin,
		optics,
		probe,
		suns,
		turbulence,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4327
@article{landry0000granular,

	author = {Landry, James W. and Grest, Gary S.},
	title = {Granular packings with moving side walls},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391160},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v69/e031303},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, flow, granular, jin, material, molecule, random, stress, structure, suns},
	number = {3},
	old_pages = {APS+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:32},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v69/e031303},
	volume = {69},
	pages = {APS+},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		molecule,
		random,
		stress,
		structure,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4328
@article{silbert0000statistics,

	author = {Silbert, Leonardo E. and Grest, Gary S. and Landry, James W.},
	title = {Statistics of the contact network in frictional and frictionless granular packings},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391158},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, contact, friction, granular, jin, statistics, structure, suns},
	number = {6},
	old_pages = {APS+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:32},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {66},
	pages = {APS+},

	keywords = {
		contact,
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		statistics,
		structure,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4329
@article{silbert0000analogies,

	author = {Silbert, Leonardo E. and Ertas, Deniz and Grest, Gary S. and Halsey, Thomas C. and Levine, Dov},
	title = {Analogies between granular jamming and the liquid-glass transition},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391157},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v65/e051307},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, glass, granular, jin, material, statics, suns, transition},
	number = {5},
	old_pages = {APS+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:32},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v65/e051307},
	volume = {65},
	pages = {APS+},

	keywords = {
		glass,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		statics,
		suns,
		transition,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4330
@article{silbert0000geometry,

	author = {Silbert, Leonardo E. and Ertas, Deniz and Grest, Gary S. and Halsey, Thomas C. and Levine, Dov},
	title = {Geometry of frictionless and frictional sphere packings},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The flow properties, i.e. cohesion and slope of the yield locus, of wheat flour at three different moisture contents (11.8\%, 14.7\% and 16.4\%, dry basis) were measured using the Jenike shear tester with no time consolidation, i.e. instantaneous yield loci, over a range of loading conditions. The values of cohesion obtained for the three moisture contents were not significantly (P < 0.05) different. However, the values of the yield locus slope were significantly (P < 0.05) different. In addition, the measured flow properties of wheat flour at 11.8\\ moisture content and two consolidation times of 12 h and 24 h were not significantly (P<0.05) different. Author Keywords: Wheat flour; Jenike cell; Flow properties},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391156},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, aarons, dem, dynamics, friction, granular, jin, jps, material, molecule, oois, piv, powder, suns},
	number = {3},
	old_pages = {APS+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:32},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {65},
	pages = {APS+},

	keywords = {
		aarons,
		dem,
		dynamics,
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		jps,
		material,
		molecule,
		oois,
		piv,
		powder,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_DUPLICATE_TITLE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4331
@article{silbert0000granular,

	author = {Silbert, Leonardo E. and Ertas, Deniz and Grest, Gary S. and Halsey, Thomas C. and Levine, Dov and Plimpton, Steven J.},
	title = {Granular flow down an inclined plane: Bagnold scaling and rheology},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391155},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v64/e051302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, aarons, channel, dem, flow, granular, gravity, jin, jps, oois, piv, powder, suns},
	number = {5},
	old_pages = {APS+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:32},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v64/e051302},
	volume = {64},
	pages = {APS+},

	keywords = {
		aarons,
		channel,
		dem,
		flow,
		granular,
		gravity,
		jin,
		jps,
		oois,
		piv,
		powder,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4332
@article{levitan0000segregation,

	author = {Levitan, Boris},
	title = {Segregation and coarsening of granular mixture in a rotating tube},
	journal = {Physica A: Statistical and Theoretical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391154},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-3T02YJ9-21/2/f65b2401c77ea56d66297f05624c2d87},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, diffusion, equilibrium, granular, jin, material, mathematics, mixing, model, rate, rotation, separation, suns, tube},
	number = {1-4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-3T02YJ9-21/2/f65b2401c77ea56d66297f05624c2d87},
	volume = {249},
	pages = {-390},

	keywords = {
		diffusion,
		equilibrium,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		mathematics,
		mixing,
		model,
		rate,
		rotation,
		separation,
		suns,
		tube,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4333
@article{makse0000modeling,

	author = {Makse, Hernan A. and Cizeau, Pierre and Stanley, H. Eugene},
	title = {Modeling stratification in two-dimensional sandpiles},
	journal = {Physica A: Statistical and Theoretical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391153},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-3T02YJ9-22/2/429f5d858df9741d929e7792b49c0f7d},
	old_keywords = {2d, \_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, jin, material, mathematics, mixing, model, physical, repose, sandpile, separation, stratification, suns},
	number = {1-4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-3T02YJ9-22/2/429f5d858df9741d929e7792b49c0f7d},
	volume = {249},
	pages = {-396},

	keywords = {
		2d,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		mathematics,
		mixing,
		model,
		physical,
		repose,
		sand, pile,
		separation,
		stratification,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4334
@article{edwards0000equations,

	author = {Edwards, S. F.},
	title = {The equations of stress in a granular material},
	journal = {Physica A: Statistical and Theoretical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391152},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-3T02YJ9-14/2/810c48c3776d4653f40e7ed3b973dcc1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, contact, equilibrium, granular, jin, material, mechanics, numeric, point, sphere, static, stress, suns, vector},
	number = {1-4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-3T02YJ9-14/2/810c48c3776d4653f40e7ed3b973dcc1},
	volume = {249},
	pages = {-231},

	keywords = {
		contact,
		equilibrium,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		mechanics,
		numeric,
		point,
		sphere,
		static,
		stress,
		suns,
		vector,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4335
@article{chun0000inertial,

	author = {Chun, B. and Ladd, A. J. C.},
	title = {Inertial migration of neutrally buoyant particles in a square duct: An investigation of multiple equilibrium positions},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391151},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/031704/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, jin, laminar, numeric, pipe, suns, suspension, twophase},
	number = {3},
	old_pages = {AIP+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:31},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/031704/1},
	volume = {18},
	pages = {AIP+},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		jin,
		laminar,
		numeric,
		pipe,
		suns,
		suspension,
		twophase,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4336
@article{arenas0000existence,

	author = {Arenas, Alexandre and Chorin, Alexandre J.},
	title = {On the existence and scaling of structure functions in turbulence according to the data},
	journal = {PNAS},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We sample a velocity field that has an inertial spectrum and a skewness that matches experimental data. In particular, we compute a self-consistent correction to the Kolmogorov exponent and find that for our model it is zero. We find that the higher-order structure functions diverge for orders larger than a certain threshold, as theorized in some recent work. The significance of the results for the statistical theory of homogeneous turbulence is reviewed.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391150},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/103/12/4352},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {12},
	old_pages = {4355},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:30},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/103/12/4352},
	volume = {103},
	pages = {4355},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4337
@article{weisse0000kernel,

	author = {Weisse, Alexander and Wellein, Gerhard and Alvermann, Andreas and Fehske, Holger},
	title = {The kernel polynomial method},
	journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391149},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v78/p275},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, electron, electronphonon, interaction, jin, montecarlo, perturbation, polynomial, spin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {APS+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v78/p275},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {APS+},

	keywords = {
		electron,
		electron, phonon,
		interaction,
		jin,
		montecarlo,
		perturbation,
		polynomial,
		spin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4338
@article{baldassarri0000brownian,

	author = {Baldassarri, A. and Dalton, F. and Petri, A. and Zapperi, S. and Pontuale, G. and Pietronero, L.},
	title = {Brownian Forces in Sheared Granular Matter},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391148},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v96/e118002},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, barkhausen, brownian, couette, flow, granular, jin, material, motion, suns},
	number = {11},
	old_pages = {APS+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v96/e118002},
	volume = {96},
	pages = {APS+},

	keywords = {
		barkhausen,
		brownian,
		couette,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		motion,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 4339
@article{campbell0000stresscontrolled,

	author = {Campbell, Charles S.},
	title = {Stress-controlled elastic granular shear flows},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {While many rheological studies are performed at a fixed concentration, most granular flows are constrained, not by concentration, but by an applied stress. The stress constraint sets the average concentration, but the material is free to vary that concentration slightly to match the applied stress with that generated internally. This study examines stress-controlled systems in light of recent findings that the elastic properties of the particles appear as constitutive parameters even in flowing situations. Stress-controlled flows are shown to behave very differently from flows at fixed concentration. In particular, if the stress is fixed and the shear rate is slowly increased, the flow exhibits the expected progression from elastic-quasi-static to elastic-inertial to inertial flow - a sequence opposite to that followed in fixed-concentration flows. Thus system-scale constraints can have a profound effect on granular rheology. \\copyright 2005 Cambridge University Press.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391147},
	comment = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, control, elasticity, flow, granular, jin, material, matter, particle, rheology, shear, stress, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:29},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {Cambridge University Press, New York, NY 10011-4211, United States},
	volume = {539},
	pages = {-297},

	keywords = {
		control,
		elasticity,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		matter,
		particle,
		rheology,
		shear,
		stress,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4340
@article{lions0000from,

	author = {Lions and Masmoudi, N.},
	title = {From the Boltzmann Equations to the Equations of Incompressible Fluid Mechanics, I},
	journal = {Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391146},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=doi:10.1007/s002050100143},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&#38;id=doi:10.1007/s002050100143},
	volume = {158},
	pages = {-193},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4341
@article{chang0000dynamics,

	author = {Chang, Rakwoo and Yethiraj, Arun},
	title = {Dynamics of Chain Molecules in Disordered Materials},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391145},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v96/e107802},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, diffusion, dynamics, glass, jin, liquid, molecule, structure, suns, supercooling},
	number = {10},
	old_pages = {APS+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v96/e107802},
	volume = {96},
	pages = {APS+},

	keywords = {
		diffusion,
		dynamics,
		glass,
		jin,
		liquid,
		molecule,
		structure,
		suns,
		supercooling,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4342
@article{albert0000statistical,

	author = {Albert, Reka and Barabasi, Albert-Laszlo},
	title = {Statistical mechanics of complex network},
	journal = {Rev. Mod. Phys.},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391144},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v74/p47},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, mechanics, network, statistics, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v74/p47},
	volume = {74},
	pages = {-97},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		mechanics,
		network,
		statistics,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4343
@article{barabasi0000physics,

	author = {Barabasi, Albert-Laszlo and Albert, Reka and Schiffer, Peter},
	title = {The physics of sand castles: maximum angle of stability in wet and dry granular media},
	journal = {Physica A: Statistical and Theoretical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We demonstrate that stability criteria can be used to calculate the maximum angle of stability, \\$[\\$theta\\$]\\$m, of a granular medium composed of spherical particles in three dimensions and circular discs in two dimensions. We apply the results to wet granular material by calculating the dependence of \\$[\\$theta\\$]\\$m on the liquid content of the material. The results are in good agreement with our experimental data.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391143},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-3WCYF9M-1X/2/83810cbcb27c1912e02ea7e7297efe93},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, jin, medium, sand, suns},
	number = {1-4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-3WCYF9M-1X/2/83810cbcb27c1912e02ea7e7297efe93},
	volume = {266},
	pages = {-371},

	keywords = {
		granular,
		jin,
		medium,
		sand,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4344
@article{falkovich0000particles,

	author = {Falkovich, G. and Gaw\c{e}dzki, K. and Vergassola, M.},
	title = {Particles and fields in fluid turbulence},
	journal = {Rev. Mod. Phys.},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The understanding of fluid turbulence has considerably progressed in recent years. The application of the methods of statistical mechanics to the description of the motion of fluid particles, i.e., to the Lagrangian dynamics, has led to a new quantitative theory of intermittency in turbulent transport. The first analytical description of anomalous scaling laws in turbulence has been obtained. The underlying physical mechanism reveals the role of statistical integrals of motion in nonequilibrium systems. For turbulent transport, the statistical conservation laws are hidden in the evolution of groups of fluid particles and arise from the competition between the expansion of a group and the change of its geometry. By breaking the scale-invariance symmetry, the statistically conserved quantities lead to the observed anomalous scaling of transported fields. Lagrangian methods also shed new light on some practical issues, such as mixing and turbulent magnetic dynamo.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391142},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v73/p913},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns, turbulence},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v73/p913},
	volume = {73},
	pages = {-975},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		turbulence,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4345
@article{kuerten0000subgrid,

	author = {Kuerten, J. G. M.},
	title = {Subgrid modeling in particle-laden channel flow},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391141},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/025108/1},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boundary, channel, drag, flow, fluctuation, interpolation, jin, layer, multiphase, suns, turbulence, viscosity},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {AIP+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PHF/18/025108/1},
	volume = {18},
	pages = {AIP+},

	keywords = {
		boundary,
		channel,
		drag,
		flow,
		fluctuation,
		interpolation,
		jin,
		layer,
		multiphase,
		suns,
		turbulence,
		viscosity,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4346
@article{kim0000inhomogeneous,

	author = {Kim, Dong-Hee and Jeong, Hawoong},
	title = {Inhomogeneous substructures hidden in random networks},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391140},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e037102},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, random, suns, topology},
	number = {3},
	old_pages = {APS+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e037102},
	volume = {73},
	pages = {APS+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		random,
		suns,
		topology,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4347
@article{eyink0000onsager,

	author = {Eyink, Gregory L. and Sreenivasan, Katepalli R.},
	title = {Onsager and the theory of hydrodynamic turbulence},
	journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391139},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v78/p87},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boltzmann, hydrodynamics, jin, poisson, suns, thermodynamics, turbulence, vortex},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {APS+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:29},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v78/p87},
	volume = {78},
	pages = {APS+},

	keywords = {
		boltzmann,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		poisson,
		suns,
		thermodynamics,
		turbulence,
		vortex,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4348
@article{garzo0000transport,

	author = {Garzo, Vicente},
	title = {Transport coefficients for an inelastic gas around uniform shear flow: Linear stability analysis},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The inelastic Boltzmann equation for a granular gas is applied to spatially inhomogeneous states close to uniform shear flow. A normal solution is obtained via a Chapman-Enskog-like expansion around a local shear flow distribution. The heat and momentum fluxes are determined to first order in the deviations of the hydrodynamic field gradients from their values in the reference state. The corresponding transport coefficients are determined from a set of coupled linear integral equations which are approximately solved by using a kinetic model of the Boltzmann equation. The main new ingredient in this expansion is that the reference state f(0) (zeroth-order approximation) retains all the hydrodynamic orders in the shear rate. In addition, since the collisional cooling cannot be compensated locally for viscous heating, the distribution f(0) depends on time through its dependence on temperature. This means that in general, for a given degree of inelasticity, the complete nonlinear dependence of the transport coefficients on the shear rate requires analysis of the unsteady hydrodynamic behavior. To simplify the analysis, the steady-state conditions have been considered here in order to perform a linear stability analysis of the hydrodynamic equations with respect to the uniform shear flow state. Conditions for instabilities at long wavelengths are identified and discussed. \\copyright 2006 The American Physical Society},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391138},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e021304},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boltzmann, flow, granular, hydrodynamics, instability, jin, kinetics, shear, suns, transport},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {APS+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:28},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e021304},
	volume = {73},
	pages = {APS+},

	keywords = {
		boltzmann,
		flow,
		granular,
		hydrodynamics,
		instability,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		shear,
		suns,
		transport,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4349
@article{ebron0000fuelpowered,

	author = {Ebron, Von H. and Yang, Zhiwei and Seyer, Daniel J. and Kozlov, Mikhail E. and Oh, Jiyoung and Xie, Hui and Razal, Joselito and Hall, Lee J. and Ferraris, John P. and MacDiarmid, Alan G. and Baughman, Ray H.},
	title = {Fuel-Powered Artificial Muscles},
	journal = {Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Artificial muscles and electric motors found in autonomous robots and prosthetic limbs are typically battery-powered, which severely restricts the duration of their performance and can necessitate long inactivity during battery recharge. To help solve these problems, we demonstrated two types of artificial muscles that convert the chemical energy of high-energy-density fuels to mechanical energy. The first type stores electrical charge and uses changes in stored charge for mechanical actuation. In contrast with electrically powered electrochemical muscles, only half of the actuator cycle is electrochemical. The second type of fuel-powered muscle provides a demonstrated actuator stroke and power density comparable to those of natural skeletal muscle and generated stresses that are over a hundred times higher.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391137},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/311/5767/1580},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5767},
	old_pages = {1583},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:28},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/311/5767/1580},
	volume = {311},
	pages = {1583},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4350
@article{settles0000fluid,

	author = {Settles, Gary S.},
	title = {FLUID MECHANICS AND HOMELAND SECURITY},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Homeland security involves many applications of fluid mechanics and offers many opportunities for research and development. This review explores a wide selection of fluids topics in counterterrorism and suggests future directions. Broad topics range from preparedness and deterrence of impending terrorist attacks to detection, response, and recovery. Specific topics include aircraft hardening, blast mitigation, sensors and sampling, explosive detection, microfluidics and labs-on-a-chip, chemical plume dispersal in urban settings, and building ventilation. Also discussed are vapor plumes and standoff detection, nonlethal weapons, airborne disease spread, personal protective equipment, and decontamination. Involvement in these applications requires fluid dynamicists to think across the traditional boundaries of the field and to work with related disciplines, especially chemistry, biology, aerosol science, and atmospheric science.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391136},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.fluid.38.050304.092111},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	old_pages = {110},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:28},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.fluid.38.050304.092111},
	volume = {38},
	pages = {110},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4351
@article{goldhirsch0000rapid,

	author = {Goldhirsch, Isaac},
	title = {RAPID GRANULAR FLOWS},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The recent avalanche of research activity in the field of granular matter has yielded much progress. The use of state-of-the-art (and other) computational and experimental methods has led to the discovery of new states and patterns and enabled detailed tests of theories and models. The application of statistical mechanical methods and phenomenology has contributed to the understanding of the microscopic a nd macroscopic properties of granular systems. Some previously open problems seem to be solved. Fluidized granular systems (rapid granular flows), recently referred to as granular gases, are often modeled by hydrodynamic equations of motion, some of which are based on systematic expansions applied to the pertinent Boltzmann equation. The undeniable success of granular hydrodynamics is somewhat surprising in view of the lack of scale separation in these systems and the neglect of certain correlations in most derivations of the hydrodynamic equations. Microstructures have been recognized as key features of granular gases; explanations for their existence have been proposed, and many of their properties elucidated. Granular-gas multistability can often be traced back to microstructure dynamics. In spite of these and other impressive advances, this field still poses serious challenges.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391135},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.fluid.35.101101.161114},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:28},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.fluid.35.101101.161114},
	volume = {35},
	pages = {-293},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4352
@article{martys0000bbgkybased,

	author = {Martys, Nicos S.},
	title = {A BBGKY-based density gradient approximation of interparticle forces: Application for discrete Boltzmann methods},
	journal = {Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The force term accounting for interparticle interactions, with application to discrete Boltzmann simulation methods, is derived using a density gradient expansion of the BBGKY collision operator. It is shown that previous calculations, based on essentially the same mean-field-theory philosophy, do not apply the density gradient approximation in a self consistent fashion. Thus these previous models have errors in the second virial coefficient as well as coefficients associated with gradient terms in the pressure tensor. This new treatment corrects these shortcomings.},
	booktitle = {Discrete Simulation of Fluid Dynamics - Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Discrete Simulation of Fluid Dynamics},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391134},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-4H8NNP6-1/2/674dd770255ef80d83b6ca307a9aab44},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boltzmann, fluid, jin, lattice, multiphase, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:28},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVG-4H8NNP6-1/2/674dd770255ef80d83b6ca307a9aab44},
	volume = {362},
	pages = {-61},

	keywords = {
		boltzmann,
		fluid,
		jin,
		lattice,
		multiphase,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4353
@article{jain0000combined,

	author = {Jain, Nitin and Ottino, Julio M. and Lueptow, Richard M.},
	title = {Combined size and density segregation and mixing in noncircular tumblers},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391132},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v71/e051301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, chaos, flow, granular, jin, material, particle, percolation, segregation, steel, suns},
	number = {5},
	old_pages = {APS+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v71/e051301},
	volume = {71},
	pages = {APS+},

	keywords = {
		chaos,
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		particle,
		percolation,
		segregation,
		steel,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4354
@article{bose0000brazil,

	author = {Bose, M. and Kumar, U. U. and Nott, P. R. and Kumaran, V.},
	title = {Brazil nut effect and excluded volume attraction in vibrofluidized granular mixtures},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391131},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e021305},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, convection, flow, fluidization, granular, jin, material, percolation, suns, vibration},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {APS+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e021305},
	volume = {72},
	pages = {APS+},

	keywords = {
		convection,
		flow,
		fluidization,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		percolation,
		suns,
		vibration,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4355
@article{li0000compromise,

	author = {Li, Jinghai},
	title = {Compromise and resolution -- Exploring the multi-scale nature of gas-solid fluidization},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Research strategy in studying gas-solid fluidization at the Institute of Chemical Metallurgy (ICM) is outlined. Particle-fluid compromise is recognized to be the origin of the multi-scale dissipative structure in the system, to which multiple resolution is applied, leading to the establishment of the variational criterion for stability and the critical condition for choking. The dynamic behavior of such a heterogeneous structure in fluidized systems is formulated by carrying out wavelet analysis and resolving the whole process with respect first to scale, and then, to time and amplitude. Average approaches, as commonly used, are considered to be inadequate to describe transport behaviors in gas-solid fluidization. Discrete computer simulation on micro-scale is regarded to be a promising approach to further understanding of the complicated mechanism of particle-fluid interaction.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391130},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-40NMV2Y-N/2/cdd6eb9b7f8c74b2221fdcb2a0b2bd5f},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, fluidization, gassolid, interaction, jin, multiscale, particlefluid, stability, suns},
	number = {1-2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH9-40NMV2Y-N/2/cdd6eb9b7f8c74b2221fdcb2a0b2bd5f},
	volume = {111},
	pages = {-59},

	keywords = {
		fluidization,
		gas, solid,
		interaction,
		jin,
		multiscale,
		particle, fluid,
		stability,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4356
@article{xu0000assessment,

	author = {Xu, J. and Pope, S. B.},
	title = {Assessment of Numerical Accuracy of PDF/Monte Carlo Methods for Turbulent Reacting Flows},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This study is to explore the numerical features of a particle-mesh algorithm developed for a stand-alone joint velocity-frequency-composition PDF method for turbulent reactive flows. Numerical experiments are performed on a piloted-jet nonpremixed turbulent flame of methane to characterize and quantify various numerical errors in terms of numerical parameters: number of particles per cellNpc, number of cells M2, and time step \\$[\\$Delta\\$]\\$ t. First, a stationary solution is obtained and is verified to be independent of the time step \\$[\\$Delta\\$]\\$ t. Then, the total numerical error is identified as statistical error, bias, and discretization error. It is revealed that the statistical error converges as Npc-1/2, and the bias as Npc-1. The statistical error can be reduced by time-averaging or by performing multiple independent simulation (e.g., with a parallelized program). Finally, the scheme is shown to be second-order accurate--the spatial discretization error converging as M-2. A modified turbulence frequency model based on the turbulence production-to-dissipation ratio is shown to improve the numerical behavior of the turbulence model. These results demonstrate that the particle-mesh method is convergent. Also, the optimal numerical parameters, minimizing computational cost subject to a specified error tolerance, are estimated. An error reduction scheme, similar to Richardson extrapolation, is proposed and shown to be quite effective in reducing the deterministic error.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391129},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-45GMW8W-3S/2/6762edc92f597f5cea88fcae3ee84801},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-45GMW8W-3S/2/6762edc92f597f5cea88fcae3ee84801},
	volume = {152},
	pages = {-230},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4357
@article{subramaniam0000mixing,

	author = {Subramaniam, S. and Pope, S. B.},
	title = {A mixing model for turbulent reactive flows based on Euclidean minimum spanning trees},
	journal = {Combustion and Flame},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In modeling turbulent reactive flows based on the transport equation for the joint probability density function (jpdf) of velocity and composition, the change in fluid composition due to convection and reaction is treated exactly, while molecular mixing has to be modeled. A new mixing model is proposed, which is local in composition space and which seeks to address problems encountered in flows with simultaneous mixing and reaction. In this model the change in particle composition is determined by particle interactions along the edges of a Euclidean minimum spanning tree (EMST) constructed in composition space. Results obtained for the model problem of passive scalars evolving under the influence of a mean scalar gradient in homogeneous turbulence are found to be in reasonable agreement with experimental findings of Sirivat and Warhaft (1983). The model is applied to the diffusion flame test model problem proposed by Norris and Pope (1991) and its performance is found to be superior to that of existing models. The essential feature of the new EMST mixing model, which accounts for its success in the diffusion flame test, is that mixing is modeled locally in composition space.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391128},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:26},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {115},
	pages = {-514},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4358
@article{goldenberg2005friction_2,

	author = {Goldenberg, C. and Goldhirsch, I.},
	title = {Friction enhances elasticity in granular solids},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {2005},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391127},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature03497},
	comment = {10.1038/nature03497},
	doi = {10.1038/nature03497},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {7039},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature03497},
	volume = {435},
	pages = {188--191},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 4359
@article{luding2005discrete_2,

	author = {Luding, Stefan and Manetsberger, Karsten and Mullers, Johannes},
	title = {A discrete model for long time sintering},
	journal = {Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids},
	year = {2005},

	abstract = {A discrete model for the sintering of polydisperse, inhomogeneous arrays of cylinders is presented with empirical contact force-laws, taking into account plastic deformations, cohesion, temperature dependence (melting), and long-time effects. Samples are prepared under constant isotropic load and are sintered for different sintering times. Increasing both external load and sintering time leads to a stronger, stiffer sample after cooling down. The material behavior is interpreted from both microscopic and macroscopic points of view. Among the interesting results is the observation that the coordination number, even though it has the tendency to increase, sometimes slightly decreases, whereas the density continuously increases during sintering - this is interpreted as an indicator of reorganization effects in the packing. Another result of this study is the finding that strongly attractive contacts occur during cool-down of the sample and leave a sintered block of material with almost equally strong attractive and repulsive contact forces. {\copyright} 2004 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391126},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2004.07.001},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jmps.2004.07.001},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, compression, continuum, deformation, jin, mathematics, mechanics, model, plastic, stress, suns},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {491},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:26},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2004.07.001},
	volume = {53},
	pages = {491},

	keywords = {
		compression,
		continuum,
		deformation,
		jin,
		mathematics,
		mechanics,
		model,
		plastic,
		stress,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4360
@article{alonso0000analysis,

	author = {Alonso Marroquin, Fernando and Herrmann, Hans and Luding, Stefan},
	title = {Analysis of the elasto-plastic response of a polygonal packing},
	journal = {American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Materials Division (Publication) MD},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We investigate the constitutive response of two-dimensional packed samples of polygons using molecular dynamics simulation. The incremental elasto-plastic response is examined in the pre-failure regime. Besides the Young modulus and the Poisson ratio, an additional parameter must be included, which takes into account the anisotropy of the elastic response. The plastic deformations are described by the introduction of the yield and the flow directions. These directions do not agree, which reproduces the non-associated feature of realistic soils. In order to detect the yield surface, different loading-unloading-reloadmg tests were performed. During the reload path, it is found that the yielding develops continuously with the amplitude of loading, which does not allow to identify a purely elastic regime.},
	address = {New Orleans, LO, United States},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391125},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, anisotropy, deformation, elasticity, elasticityplasticity, jin, modulus, numeric, packing, soil, strain, stress, suns},
	old_pages = {342},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:26},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {97},
	pages = {342},

	keywords = {
		anisotropy,
		deformation,
		elasticity,
		elasticity, plasticity,
		jin,
		modulus,
		numeric,
		packing,
		soil,
		strain,
		stress,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4361
@article{luding2003anisotropic_2,

	author = {Luding, Stefan and Tykhoniak, Rostyslav and Tomas, Jurgen},
	title = {Anisotropic material behavior in dense, cohesive-frictional powders},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering and Technology},
	year = {2003},

	abstract = {The goal of this study is to examine the cohesion and the anisotropy in dense, cohesive powders. This is done by using a discrete element method (DEM) for the simulation of a biaxial box deformation. Our approach includes normal (repulsive/cohesive) as well as tangential forces. Reorganization of the contact network first leads to anisotropy and later to shear band formation and softening behavior from the macroscopic point of view. Both cohesion and friction enhance the material strength. An important result is the fact that the macroscopic cohesion can be related to the maximal microscopic attractive force.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391124},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ceat.200303236},
	doi = {10.1002/ceat.200303236},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, anisotropy, deformation, friction, jin, material, strength, suns},
	number = {12},
	old_pages = {1232},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ceat.200303236},
	volume = {26},
	pages = {1232},

	keywords = {
		anisotropy,
		deformation,
		friction,
		jin,
		material,
		strength,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4362
@article{luding2005anisotropy_1,

	author = {Luding, Stefan},
	title = {Anisotropy in cohesive, frictional granular media},
	journal = {Journal of Physics Condensed Matter},
	year = {2005},

	abstract = {The modelling of cohesive, frictional granular materials with a discrete particle molecular dynamics is reviewed. From the structure of the quasi-static granular solid, the fabric, stress, and stiffness tensors are determined, including both normal and tangential forces. The influence of the material properties on the flow behaviour is also reported, including relations between the microscopic attractive force and the macroscopic cohesion as well as the dependence of the macroscopic friction on the microscopic contact friction coefficient. Related to the dynamics, the anisotropy of both structure and stress are exponentially approaching the maximum. {\copyright} 2005 IOP Publishing Ltd.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391123},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/17/24/017},
	doi = {10.1088/0953-8984/17/24/017},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, aarons, anisotropy, control, dem, dynamics, force, friction, jin, jps, molecule, oois, piv, powder, stiffness, suns, tensor},
	number = {24},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/17/24/017},
	volume = {17},
	pages = {2640 -},

	keywords = {
		aarons,
		anisotropy,
		control,
		dem,
		dynamics,
		force,
		friction,
		jin,
		jps,
		molecule,
		oois,
		piv,
		powder,
		stiffness,
		suns,
		tensor,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4363
@article{quinn2002comment,

	author = {Quinn, Paul V. and Hong, Daniel C. and Luding, Stefan and Walliser, H.},
	title = {Comment on "reverse Brazil nut problem: Competition between percolation and condensation" (multiple letters)},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {2002},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391122},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.189603},
	doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.189603},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, condensation, dynamics, energy, entropy, jin, molecule, numeric, percolation, reaction, solid, suns},
	number = {18},
	old_pages = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.189603},
	volume = {89},
	pages = {1},

	keywords = {
		condensation,
		dynamics,
		energy,
		entropy,
		jin,
		molecule,
		numeric,
		percolation,
		reaction,
		solid,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4364
@article{muth2003contact,

	author = {Muth, Beate and Eberhard, Peter and Luding, Stefan},
	title = {Contact Simulation for Many Particles Considering Adhesion},
	journal = {Mechanics Based Design of Structures and Machines},
	year = {2003},

	abstract = {This article deals with the calculation and administration of contact between many moving bodies in the planar case. The main issue is the contact determination between bodies of either round or polygonal shape. The modeling is done by means of molecular dynamics to investigate the motion of many bodies very efficiently. Besides elastic normal forces, which prevent penetration of the bodies, damping forces and adhesion is described and considered for the computations. Our interest is directed toward collision detection. By means of sorting algorithms, neighboring bodies are found easily and, therefore, systems consisting of a large number of bodies can be determined efficiently.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391121},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/SME-120022858},
	doi = {10.1081/SME-120022858},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, elasticity, jin, modulus, molecule, suns},
	number = {3},
	old_pages = {457},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/SME-120022858},
	volume = {31},
	pages = {457},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		elasticity,
		jin,
		modulus,
		molecule,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4365
@article{quinn2002does,

	author = {Quinn, Paul V. and Hong, Daniel C. and Luding, Stefan and Canul-Chay, G. A. and Belmont, P. A. and Nahmad-Molinari, Y. and Ruiz-Suarez, J. C.},
	title = {Does the reverse Brazil nut problem exist? (multiple letters)},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {2002},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391120},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.189601},
	doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.189601},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, condensation, dynamics, gravity, jin, molecule, phase, reaction, suns, thermal},
	number = {18},
	old_pages = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.189601},
	volume = {89},
	pages = {1},

	keywords = {
		condensation,
		dynamics,
		gravity,
		jin,
		molecule,
		phase,
		reaction,
		suns,
		thermal,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4366
@article{mcnamara1998energy_2,

	author = {McNamara, Sean and Luding, Stefan},
	title = {Energy nonequipartition in systems of inelastic, rough spheres},
	journal = {Physical Review E. Statistical Physics, Plasmas, Fluids, and Related Interdisciplinary Topics},
	year = {1998},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391118},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.58.2247},
	doi = {10.1103/PhysRevE.58.2247},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, databaseluding, ed, energy, jin, nonequipartition, rotation, suns},
	number = {2-B},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.58.2247},
	volume = {58},

	keywords = {
		databaseluding,
		ed,
		energy,
		jin,
		nonequipartition,
		rotation,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
	},

}

ref_id = 4367
@article{alam2005energy_2,

	author = {Alam, Meheboob and Luding, Stefan},
	title = {Energy nonequipartition, rheology, and microstructure in sheared bidisperse granular mixtures},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {2005},

	abstract = {Event-driven simulations of smooth inelastic hard disks are used to probe the transport properties and the microstructure of bidisperse granular mixtures. A generic feature of such mixtures is that the two species have different levels of fluctuation kinetic energy (T<sub>l</sub> does not equal T<sub>s</sub>) in contrast with their elastic counterpart. The microscopic mechanism for this energy nonequipartition is shown to be directly tied to the asymmetric nature of collisional probabilities between the heavier and lighter species, compared to their purely elastic counterpart. The degree of collisional asymmetry increases with both increasing inelasticity and mass disparity, thereby increasing the energy ratio T<sub>l</sub>/T<sub>s</sub> in the same limit. A phenomenological constitutive model, that incorporates energy nonequipartition, captures the nonmonotonic behavior of the transport coefficients, in agreement with the simulation results, whereas the standard constitutive model with equipartition assumption predicts monotonic variations. The sheared granular mixture readily forms clusters, having striped patterns along the extensional axis of the flow. The microstructural flow features are extracted by measuring the cluster-size distributions, the pair-correlation function and the collision-angle distribution. While the inelastic dissipation is responsible for the onset of clustering, we have found that the mass disparity between the two species enhances the degree of clustering significantly in the sense that the size of the largest cluster increases with increasing mass disparity. At the microscopic level, the particle motion becomes more and more streamlined (i.e., ordered along the streamwise direction which is also a signature of enhanced short-range correlations) with increasing dissipation and mass disparity, which is responsible for the enhanced first normal stress difference in the same limit. {\copyright} 2005 American Institute of Physics.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391117},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1938567},
	doi = {10.1063/1.1938567},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, elasticity, energy, granular, jin, kinetics, material, mathematics, microscopy, microstructure, model, rheology, shear, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1938567},
	volume = {17},
	pages = {063303},

	keywords = {
		elasticity,
		energy,
		granular,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		material,
		mathematics,
		microscopy,
		microstructure,
		model,
		rheology,
		shear,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 4368
@article{alam2003first_2,

	author = {Alam, Meheboob and Luding, Stefan},
	title = {First normal stress difference and crystallization in a dense sheared granular fluid},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {2003},

	abstract = {The first normal stress difference (N<sub>1</sub>) and the microstructure in a dense sheared granular fluid of smooth inelastic hard-disks are probed using event-driven simulations. While the anisotropy in the second moment of fluctuation velocity, which is a Burnett-order effect, is known to be the progenitor of normal stress differences in dilute granular fluids, we show here that the collisional anisotropies are responsible for the normal stress behavior in the dense limit. As in the elastic hard-sphere fluids, N<sub>1</sub> remains positive (if the stress is defined in the compressive sense) for dilute and moderately dense flows, but becomes negative above a critical density, depending on the restitution coefficient. This sign-reversal of N<sub>1</sub> occurs due to the microstructural reorganization of the particles, which can be correlated with a preferred value of the average collision angle θ<sub>av</sub>=π/4±π/2 in the direction opposing the shear. We also report on the shear-induced crystal-formation, signaling the onset of fluid-solid coexistence in dense granular fluids. Different approaches to take into account the normal stress differences are discussed in the framework of the relaxation-type rheological models. {\copyright} 2003 American Institute of Physics.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391116},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1587723},
	doi = {10.1063/1.1587723},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, crystallization, granular, jin, material, rheology, stress, suns},
	number = {8},
	old_pages = {2312},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1587723},
	volume = {15},
	pages = {2312},

	keywords = {
		crystallization,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		rheology,
		stress,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4369
@article{luding2002from_2,

	author = {Luding, Stefan},
	title = {From microscopic simulations to macroscopic material behavior},
	journal = {Computer Physics Communications},
	year = {2002},

	abstract = {One challenge in computational physics is to bridge the gap between microscopic, "atomistic" sizes and the macroscopic length scale of experimental observation. First, an efficient algorithm for hard sphere molecular dynamics is presented, allowing for many-particle simulations of, e.g., granular systems. In the next step, a "micro-macro" transition is introduced which enables continuum quantities like the stress tensor to be accessed. The approach is used for dense and dissipative gases but can also be applied to more complicated systems like membranes. {\copyright} 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.},
	address = {Aachen, Germany},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391115},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0010-4655(02)00232-1},
	doi = {10.1016/S0010-4655(02)00232-1},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, continuum, granular, jin, material, mechanics, stress, suns},
	number = {1-2},
	old_pages = {140},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:25},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0010-4655(02)00232-1},
	volume = {147},
	pages = {140},

	keywords = {
		continuum,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		mechanics,
		stress,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4370
@article{luding0000granular_2,

	author = {Luding, Stefan},
	title = {Granular media: Information propagation},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The transmission of force through granular matter such as sand is a crucial consideration in certain applications. The behaviour observed depends on the particle interactions as well as on the length scale involved.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391114},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, jin, material, suns},
	number = {7039},
	old_pages = {160},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:25},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {435},
	pages = {160},

	keywords = {
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4371
@article{alam2002kinetic_2,

	author = {Alam, Meheboob and Willits, Jeffrey T. and Arnarson, Birgir O. and Luding, Stefan},
	title = {Kinetic theory of a binary mixture of nearly elastic disks with size and mass disparity},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {2002},

	abstract = {Corrections are provided for two transport coefficients derived by Willits and Arnarson [Phys. Fluids 11, 3116 (1999)] for a binary mixture of nearly elastic, circular disks using the revised Enskog theory. The corrected viscosity coefficient is compared to the shear viscosity obtained from simulation results of a bidisperse mixture of inelastic, hard disks, undergoing uniform shear flow. The agreement is good for a wide range of sizes and masses. {\copyright} 2002 American Institute of Physics.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391113},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1509066},
	doi = {10.1063/1.1509066},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, jin, kinetics, shear, suns, transport, viscosity},
	number = {11},
	old_pages = {4087},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1509066},
	volume = {14},
	pages = {4087},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		shear,
		suns,
		transport,
		viscosity,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4372
@article{cafiero2000mean,

	author = {Cafiero, Raffaele and Luding, Stefan},
	title = {Mean field theory for a driven granular gas of frictional particles},
	journal = {Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications},
	year = {2000},

	abstract = {We propose a mean field (MF) theory for a homogeneously driven granular gas of inelastic particles with Coulomb friction. The model contains three parameters, a normal restitution coefficient r<sub>n</sub>, a maximum tangential restitution coefficient r<sub>t</sub><sup>m</sup> and a Coulomb friction coefficient μ. The parameters can be tuned to explore a wide range of physical situations. In particular, the model contains the frequently used μ-> infinity limit as a special case. The MF theory is compared with the numerical simulations of a randomly driven monolayer of spheres for a wide range of parameter values. If the system is far away from the clustering instability (r<sub>n</sub> approximately equals 1), we obtain a good agreement between mean field and simulations for μ = 0.5 and r<sub>t</sub><sup>m</sup> = 0.4, but for much smaller values of r<sub>n</sub> the agreement is less good. We discuss the reasons of this discrepancy and possible refinements of our computational scheme.},
	address = {Rome, Italy},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391112},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4371(99)00630-5},
	doi = {10.1016/S0378-4371(99)00630-5},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, friction, granular, jin, material, mathematics, model, suns},
	number = {1-2},
	old_pages = {147},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4371(99)00630-5},
	volume = {280},
	pages = {147},

	keywords = {
		friction,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		mathematics,
		model,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4373
@article{luding2004molecular_3,

	author = {Luding, Stefan and Santos, Andres},
	title = {Molecular dynamics and theory for the contact values of the radial distribution functions of hard-disk fluid mixtures},
	journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {2004},

	abstract = {We report molecular dynamics results for the contact values of the radial distribution functions of binary additive mixtures of hard disks. The simulation data are compared with theoretical predictions from expressions proposed by Jenkins and Mancini [J. Appl. Mech. 54, 27 (1987)] and Santos et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 117, 5785 (2002)]. Both theories agree quantitatively within a very small margin, which renders the former still a very useful and simple tool to work with. The latter (higher-order and self-consistent) theory provides a small qualitative correction for low densities and is superior especially in the high-density domain. {\copyright} 2004 American Institute of Physics.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391110},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1797213},
	doi = {10.1063/1.1797213},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, beam, binary, disc, dynamics, hard, jin, laser, mixing, molecule, suns},
	number = {17},
	old_pages = {8465},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1797213},
	volume = {121},
	pages = {8465},

	keywords = {
		beam,
		binary,
		disc,
		dynamics,
		hard,
		jin,
		laser,
		mixing,
		molecule,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4374
@article{madadi2004fabric_2,

	author = {Madadi, Mahyar and Tsoungui, Olivier and Latzel, Marc and Luding, Stefan},
	title = {On the fabric tensor of polydisperse granular materials in 2D},
	journal = {International Journal of Solids and Structures},
	year = {2004},

	abstract = {The trace of the fabric tensor in static, isotropic, two-dimensional, frictionless, polydisperse granular materials is examined theoretically and numerically. In the monodisperse case, the trace of the fabric tensor equals the product of volume fraction and coordination number-thus the fabrics trace can be seen as contact density. For various size distributions, we obtain a correction factor to the monodisperse observation, which involves the first three moments of the particle size distribution function. The theoretical prediction is found to be in good agreement with numerical simulations of static frictionless systems. {\copyright} 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391109},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2003.12.005},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2003.12.005},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, jin, material, particle, suns, tensor, volume},
	number = {9-10},
	old_pages = {2580},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2003.12.005},
	volume = {41},
	pages = {2580},

	keywords = {
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		particle,
		suns,
		tensor,
		volume,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4375
@article{alam2003rheology_2,

	author = {Alam, Meheboob and Luding, Stefan},
	title = {Rheology of bidisperse granular mixtures via event-driven simulations},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {2003},

	abstract = {The bulk rheology of bidisperse mixtures of granular materials is examined under homogeneous shear flow conditions using the event-driven simulation method. The granular material is modelled as a system of smooth inelastic disks, interacting via the hard-core potential. In order to understand the effect of size and mass disparities, two cases were examined separately, namely, a mixture of different sized particles with particles having either the same mass or the same material density. The relevant macroscopic quantities are the pressure, the shear viscosity, the granular energy (fluctuating kinetic energy) and the first normal stress difference. Numerical results for pressure, viscocity and granular energy are compared with a kinetic-theory constitutive model with excellent agreement in the low dissipation limit even at large size disparities. Systematic quantitative deviations occur for stronger dissipations. Mixtures with equal-mass particles show a stronger shear resistance than an equivalent monodisperse system; in contrast, however, mixtures with equal-density particles show a reduced shear resistance. The granular energies of the two species are unequal, implying that the equipartition principle assumed in most of the constitutive models does not hold. Inelasticity is responsible for the onset of energy non-equipartition, but mass disparity significantly enhances its magnitude. This lack of energy equipartition can lead to interesting non-monotonic variations of the pressure, viscosity and granular energy with the mass ratio if the size ratio is held fixed, while the model predictions (with the equipartition assumption) suggest a monotonic behaviour in the same limit. In general, the granular fluid is non-Newtonian with a measurable first normal stress difference (which is positive if the stress is defined in the compressive sense), and the effect of bidispersity is to increase the normal stress difference, thus enhancing the non-Newtonian character of the fluid.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391108},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S002211200200263X},
	doi = {10.1017/S002211200200263X},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, density, energy, flow, granular, gravity, jin, kinetics, material, rheology, shear, suns, viscosity},
	number = {476},
	old_pages = {103},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S002211200200263X},
	volume = {476},
	pages = {103},

	keywords = {
		density,
		energy,
		flow,
		granular,
		gravity,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		material,
		rheology,
		shear,
		suns,
		viscosity,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4376
@article{tykhoniuk2004simulation_2,

	author = {Tykhoniuk, Rostyslav and Luding, Stefan and Tomas, Jurgen},
	title = {Simulation of Shear Dynamics of Cohesive Powders},
	journal = {Chemie-Ingenieur-Technik},
	year = {2004},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391107},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.200403309},
	doi = {10.1002/cite.200403309},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1-2},
	old_pages = {62},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:24},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.200403309},
	volume = {76},
	pages = {62},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4377
@article{cafiero2000twodimensional_2,

	author = {Cafiero, Raffaele and Luding, Stefan and Herrmann, Hans J.},
	title = {Two-dimensional granular gas of inelastic spheres with multiplicative driving},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {2000},

	abstract = {A 2D granular gas of inelastic spheres subject to multiplicative driving proportional to a power |(x)|<sup>δ</sup> of the local particle velocity v(x) is experimentally studied. The steady state properties of the model are examined for different values of δ, and compared with the homogeneous case δ = 0. A driving linearly proportional to v(x) reproduces some experimental observations which could not be reproduced by a homogeneous driving. Furthermore, the system that can be homogenized even for strong dissipation can be obtained even if a driving inversely proportional to the velocity is used.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391106},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.6014},
	doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.6014},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boundary, brownian, granular, interface, jin, material, mathematics, mechanics, model, monolayer, motion, sphere, suns},
	number = {26 pt 1},
	old_pages = {6017},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.6014},
	volume = {84},
	pages = {6017},

	keywords = {
		boundary,
		brownian,
		granular,
		interface,
		jin,
		material,
		mathematics,
		mechanics,
		model,
		monolayer,
		motion,
		sphere,
		suns,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4378
@article{tysanner0000measurement,

	author = {Tysanner, Martin W. and Garcia, Alejandro L.},
	title = {Measurement bias of fluid velocity in molecular simulations},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {In molecular simulations of fluid flow, the measurement of mean fluid velocity is considered to be a straightforward computation, yet there is some ambiguity in its definition. We show that in systems far from equilibrium, such as those with large temperature or velocity gradients, two commonly used definitions give slightly different results. Specifically, a bias can arise when computing the mean fluid velocity by measuring the mean particle velocity in a cell and averaging this mean over samples. We show that this bias comes from the correlation of momentum and density fluctuations in non-equilibrium fluids, obtain an analytical expression for predicting it, and discuss what system characteristics (e.g., number of particles per cell, temperature gradients) reduce or magnify the error. The bias has a physical origin so although we demonstrate it by direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) computations, the same effect will be observed with other particle-based simulation methods, such as molecular dynamics and lattice gases.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391105},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4BG3N8C-1/2/fe49181604023633dcd39e5b244c1a3a},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:23},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-4BG3N8C-1/2/fe49181604023633dcd39e5b244c1a3a},
	volume = {196},
	pages = {-183},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4379
@article{sun0000hybrid_1,

	author = {Sun, Quanhua and Boyd, Iain D. and Candler, Graham V.},
	title = {A hybrid continuum/particle approach for modeling subsonic, rarefied gas flows},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A hybrid approach that combines a continuum approach solving the Navier-Stokes equations and a particle method called the information preservation (IP) method is implemented to simulate subsonic, rarefied gas flows accurately and efficiently. The coupling between the continuum and particle approaches relies on a continuum/particle interface, which is investigated in detail. The IP method preserves information at the macroscopic level that allows the continuum approach to directly use the information from the particle region. In order to correctly generate particles from the continuum region, two strategies are proposed. One strategy adopts a Marshak-type condition, which requires many particles in a cell to control the flux fluctuation due to the microscopic motion of particles. In the second strategy, reservoir cells and buffer cells are used, and this is the approach adopted in our general hybrid scheme. The location of the interface is determined using a continuum breakdown parameter. Studies show that the continuum breakdown parameter suggested by Garcia et al. can be used to determine the location of the interface, but the implementation of the interface also affects the location of the interface. Simulation of a flow over a flat plate shows the performance of the hybrid approach and reveals the effects of the cutoff value to a continuum breakdown parameter. This approach is also applied to study the aerodynamics of a micro-scale airfoil, which is very difficult for a single method. The hybrid approach generally spends less computational time than the IP method for rarefied gas flows, and the numerical performance of the hybrid approach depends on the number ratio of continuum cells to particle cells.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391104},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-49Y3XXG-9/2/baf4ff4c9e3610394e3ce7ce85b8009d},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, flow, gas, jin, montecarlo, rarefied, subsonic, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-49Y3XXG-9/2/baf4ff4c9e3610394e3ce7ce85b8009d},
	volume = {194},
	pages = {-277},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		flow,
		gas,
		jin,
		montecarlo,
		rarefied,
		subsonic,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4380
@article{hadjiconstantinou0000statistical,

	author = {Hadjiconstantinou, Nicolas G. and Garcia, Alejandro L. and Bazant, Martin Z. and He, Gang},
	title = {Statistical error in particle simulations of hydrodynamic phenomena},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We present predictions for the statistical error due to finite sampling in the presence of thermal fluctuations in molecular simulation algorithms. Specifically, we establish how these errors depend on Mach number, Knudsen number, number of particles, etc. Expressions for the common hydrodynamic variables of interest such as flow velocity, temperature, density, pressure, shear stress, and heat flux are derived using equilibrium statistical mechanics. Both volume-averaged and surface-averaged quantities are considered. Comparisons between theory and computations using direct simulation Monte Carlo for dilute gases, and molecular dynamics for dense fluids, show that the use of equilibrium theory provides accurate results.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391103},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-484SHBH-1/2/0ecaa095202623a2789297aae8515c48},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, fluctuation, hydrodynamics, jin, molecule, montecarlo, sampling, statistics, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-484SHBH-1/2/0ecaa095202623a2789297aae8515c48},
	volume = {187},
	pages = {-297},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		fluctuation,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		molecule,
		montecarlo,
		sampling,
		statistics,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4381
@article{alexander0000algorithm,

	author = {Alexander, Francis J. and Garcia, Alejandro L. and Tartakovsky, Daniel M.},
	title = {Algorithm Refinement for Stochastic Partial Differential Equations: I. Linear Diffusion},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A hybrid particle/continuum algorithm is formulated for Fickian diffusion in the fluctuating hydrodynamic limit. The particles are taken as independent random walkers; the fluctuating diffusion equation is solved by finite differences with deterministic and white-noise fluxes. At the interface between the particle and continuum computations the coupling is by flux matching, giving exact mass conservation. This methodology is an extension of Adaptive Mesh and Algorithm Refinement to stochastic partial differential equations. Results from a variety of numerical experiments are presented for both steady and time-dependent scenarios. In all cases the mean and variance of density are captured correctly by the stochastic hybrid algorithm. For a nonstochastic version (i.e., using only deterministic continuum fluxes) the mean density is correct, but the variance is reduced except in particle regions away from the interface. Extensions of the methodology to fluid mechanics applications are discussed.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391102},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-481662C-3/2/2bbb566867734ca4a2be1c8a90d68326},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-481662C-3/2/2bbb566867734ca4a2be1c8a90d68326},
	volume = {182},
	pages = {-66},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4382
@article{garcia0000adaptive,

	author = {Garcia, Alejandro L. and Bell, John B. and Crutchfield, William Y. and Alder, Berni J.},
	title = {Adaptive Mesh and Algorithm Refinement Using Direct Simulation Monte Carlo},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Adaptive mesh and algorithm refinement (AMAR) embeds a particle method within a continuum method at the finest level of an adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) hierarchy. The coupling between the particle region and the overlaying continuum grid is algorithmically equivalent to that between the fine and coarse levels of AMR. Direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) is used as the particle algorithm embedded within a Godunov-type compressible Navier-Stokes solver. Several examples are presented and compared with purely continuum calculations.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391101},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-45GMW6B-20/2/7707c6667dd62011f157be2e4fb18177},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-45GMW6B-20/2/7707c6667dd62011f157be2e4fb18177},
	volume = {154},
	pages = {-155},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4383
@article{garcia0000generation,

	author = {Garcia, Alejandro L. and Alder, Berni J.},
	title = {Generation of the Chapman-Enskog Distribution},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A pair of simple, efficient, and robust algorithms for generating random velocities sampled from the Chapman-Enskog distribution is presented.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391100},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-45J594W-75/2/e4f404d66267add5c94d545ad2158949},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-45J594W-75/2/e4f404d66267add5c94d545ad2158949},
	volume = {140},
	pages = {-70},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4384
@article{baras0000particle,

	author = {Baras, F. and Mansour, Malek M. and Garcia, A. L. and Mareschal, M.},
	title = {Particle Simulation of Complex Flows in Dilute Systems},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) algorithm, introduced in 1976 by G. A. Bird, proves to be extremely efficient for simulating dilute gas flows. However, due to the relatively large transport coefficients at low densities, a high Rayleigh or Reynolds number is difficult to achieve by this technique. We present a modified version of DSMC in which the relaxation processes are enhanced and the transport coefficients reduced. This is achieved by increasing the ratio between collisions and free flow of particles in a suitable way. The modified algorithm is mostly useful for statistical physics applications, since it leads to the correct fluctuation spectrum. Several computational experiments are described; they demonstrate that the correct equilibrium and nonequilibrium fluid properties are preserved. The new algorithm is shown to be significantly more efficient than molecular dynamics for simulating complex hydrodynamical flows.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391099},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-45NJMWP-21/2/6ee2e2c9ac3984f37d4be38c8f12cbe5},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:22},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WHY-45NJMWP-21/2/6ee2e2c9ac3984f37d4be38c8f12cbe5},
	volume = {119},
	pages = {-104},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4385
@article{brewster0000plug,

	author = {Brewster, R. and Grest, G. S. and Landry, J. W. and Levine, A. J.},
	title = {Plug flow and the breakdown of Bagnold scaling in cohesive granular flows - art. no. 061301},
	journal = {PHYSICAL REVIEW E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {Cohesive granular media flowing down an inclined plane are studied by discrete element simulations. Previous work on cohesionless granular media demonstrated that within the steady flow regime where gravitational energy is balanced by dissipation arising from intergrain forces, the velocity profile in the flow direction scales with depth in a manner consistent with the predictions of Bagnold. Here we demonstrate that this Bagnold scaling does not hold for the analogous steady flows in cohesive granular media. We develop a generalization of the Bagnold constitutive relation to account for our observation and speculate as to the underlying physical mechanisms responsible for the different constitutive laws for cohesive and noncohesive granular media.},
	address = {Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem \& Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA; Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA; BAE Syst, Burlington, MA 01803 USA},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391098},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e061301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, granular, jin, suns},
	number = {06},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v72/e061301},
	volume = {72},
	pages = {AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC---061301},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		granular,
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4386
@article{ferguson0000stress,

	author = {Ferguson, A. and Chakraborty, B.},
	title = {Stress and large-scale spatial structures in dense, driven granular flows - art. no. 011303},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We study the appearance of large-scale dynamical heterogeneities in a simplified model of a driven, dissipative granular system. Simulations of steady-state gravity-driven flows of inelastically colliding hard disks show the formation of large-scale linear structures of particles with a high collision frequency. These chains can be shown to carry much of the collisional stress in the system due to a dynamical correlation that develops between the momentum transfer and time between collisions in these frequently colliding particles. The lifetime of these dynamical stress heterogeneities is seen to grow as the flow velocity decreases toward jamming, leading to slowly decaying stress correlations reminiscent of the slow dynamics observed in supercooled liquids.},
	address = {Brandeis Univ, Martin Fisher Sch Phys, Waltham, MA 02454 USA},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391097},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, gas, jin, suns},
	number = {01},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:21},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {73},
	pages = {AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC---011303},

	keywords = {
		gas,
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4387
@article{lois0000numerical,

	author = {Lois, G. and Lemaitre, A. and Carlson, J. M.},
	title = {Numerical tests of constitutive laws for dense granular flows},
	journal = {PHYSICAL REVIEW E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We numerically and theoretically study the macroscopic properties of dense, sheared granular materials. In this process we first consider an invariance in Newton's equations, explain how it leads to Bagnold's scaling, and discuss how it relates to the dynamics of granular temperature. Next we implement numerical simulations of granular materials in two different geometries-simple shear and flow down an incline-and show that measurements can be extrapolated from one geometry to the other. Then we observe nonaffine rearrangements of clusters of grains in response to shear strain and show that fundamental observations, which served as a basis for the shear transformation zone (STZ) theory of amorphous solids [M. L. Falk and J. S. Langer, Phys. Rev. E. 57, 7192 (1998); M.R.S. Bull 25, 40 (2000)], can be reproduced in granular materials. Finally we present constitutive equations for granular materials as proposed by Lemaitre [Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 064303 (2002)], based on the dynamics of granular temperature and STZ theory, and show that they match remarkably well with our numerical data from both geometries.},
	address = {Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA; Univ Paris 06, LMDH, UMR 7603, F-75005 Paris, France},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391096},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, burnett, jin, order, suns},
	number = {05},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:21},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {72},
	pages = {AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC---051303},

	keywords = {
		burnett,
		jin,
		order,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4388
@article{barra0000drift,

	author = {Barra, Felipe and Gilbert, Thomas and Romo, Mauricio},
	title = {Drift of particles in self-similar systems and its Liouvillian interpretation},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391095},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e026211},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, eigenfunction, eigenvalue, fractal, jin, liouville, nonlinearity, probability, suns, transport},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {APS+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e026211},
	volume = {73},
	pages = {APS+},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		eigenfunction,
		eigenvalue,
		fractal,
		jin,
		liouville,
		nonlinearity,
		probability,
		suns,
		transport,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4389
@article{cheng0000mapping,

	author = {Cheng, X. Z. and Jalil, M. B. A. and Lee, Hwee K. and Okabe, Yutaka},
	title = {Mapping the Monte Carlo Scheme to Langevin Dynamics: A Fokker-Planck Approach},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391094},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v96/e067208},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, fokkerplanck, jin, magnetic, micromagnetics, montecarlo, particle, suns},
	number = {6},
	old_pages = {APS+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v96/e067208},
	volume = {96},
	pages = {APS+},

	keywords = {
		fokker, planck,
		jin,
		magnetic,
		micromagnetics,
		montecarlo,
		particle,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4390
@article{yamamoto0000largeeddy,

	author = {Yamamoto, Y. and Potthoff, M. and Tanaka, T. and Kajishima, T. and Tsuji, Y.},
	title = {Large-eddy simulation of turbulent gas-particle flow in a vertical channel: effect of considering inter-particle collisions},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics KW -},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391093},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {-1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:21},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {442},
	pages = {-334},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4391
@article{andrews0000lagrangian,

	author = {Andrews, M. J. and Baillergeau, D. A. J. and O'Rourke, P. J.},
	title = {Lagrangian particle method for the simulation of dense particulate flows},
	journal = {American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Fluids Engineering Division (Publication) FED},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A new approach to the simulation of multi-phase dense particulate flows has been developed based on taking the best of Eulerian/Eulerian and Eulerian/Lagrangian formulations. This new approach uses a modern Particle-In-Cell method that has been extended to multi-phase flows. The method uses accurate mappings from Lagrangian particles to and from Eulerian space so that continuum intergranular stress formulations can be incorporated in the modeling. The result is a new model that can handle particulate loading ranging from dense to dilute, a distribution of particle sizes, and a range of particulate materials. This paper describes the new method and results from a one-dimensional implementation. The Lagrangian particulate formulation is well suited for a massively parallel environment, with a coupled high speed calculation of the underlying Eulerian gas phase governing equations. The new simulation method has important applications in Fluidized Bed Combustion, Catalytic Cracking processes and many other granular flows. Extension of the method to two- and three-dimensional flows with parallel computation means that we can offer a comprehensive methodology for dense granular flows.},
	address = {Chicago, IL, USA},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391092},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, catalyst, combustion, crack, density, fluidization, gas, granular, gravity, jin, lagrange, material, mathematics, matter, model, multiplier, parallel, particle, suns},
	old_pages = {46},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:21},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {199},
	pages = {46},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		catalyst,
		combustion,
		crack,
		density,
		fluidization,
		gas,
		granular,
		gravity,
		jin,
		lagrange,
		material,
		mathematics,
		matter,
		model,
		multiplier,
		parallel,
		particle,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4392
@article{sommerfeld2001validation,

	author = {Sommerfeld, M.},
	title = {Validation of a stochastic Lagrangian modelling approach for inter-particle collisions in homogeneous isotropic turbulence},
	journal = {International Journal of Multiphase Flow},
	year = {2001},

	abstract = {A stochastic inter-particle collision model for particle-laden flows to be applied in the frame of the Euler/Lagrange approach is introduced. The model relies on the generation of a fictitious collision partner with a given size and velocity, whereby no information is required on the actual position and direction of motion of the surrounding real particles. However, the fictitious particle is a representative of the local particle phase properties. In sampling the velocity of the fictitious particle correlation with the velocity of the real particle as a consequence of turbulence is accounted for. The occurrence of a collision is decided based on the collision probability according to kinetic theory. For validating the collision model, results from large eddy simulations (LES) are used for monodisperse particles being dispersed in a homogeneous isotropic turbulence and a binary mixture of particles. In the case of the binary mixture two situations are considered; a granular medium without particle-flow interaction and two fractions of particles settling under the action of gravity in an isotropic homogeneous turbulence. For all the considered test cases the agreement of the model calculations with the results obtained by LES was found to be very good. {\copyright} 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391091},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0301-9322(01)00035-0},
	doi = {10.1016/S0301-9322(01)00035-0},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, binary, jin, kinetics, mixing, probability, sampling, suns},
	number = {10},
	old_pages = {1858},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0301-9322(01)00035-0},
	volume = {27},
	pages = {1858},

	keywords = {
		binary,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		mixing,
		probability,
		sampling,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4393
@article{andrews1996multiphase,

	author = {Andrews, M. J. and O'Rourke, P. J.},
	title = {Multiphase particle-in-cell (MP-PIC) method for dense particulate flows},
	journal = {International Journal of Multiphase Flow},
	year = {1996},

	abstract = {A multiphase particle-in-cell (MP-PIC) method has been developed. This numerical technique draws upon the best of Eulerian/Eulerian continuum models and Eulerian/Lagrangian discrete models. The MP-PIC method uses an accurate mapping from Lagrangian particles to and from a computational grid. While on the grid, continuum derivative terms that treat the particle phase as a fluid are readily evaluated and then mapped back to individual particles. The result of this procedure is a computational technique for multiphase flows that can handle particulate loading ranging from dense to dilute, a distribution of particle sizes and a range of particle materials. The dense particulate model represents separated flows of particles and includes drag exerted by a gas phase, inter-particle stresses, particle viscous stresses and gas pressure gradients. Six problems are presented to demonstrate the MP-PIC method. This MP-PIC method has important applications in fluidized beds (combustion, catalytic cracking), sedimentation, separation and many other granular flows.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391090},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-9322(95)00072-0},
	doi = {10.1016/0301-9322(95)00072-0},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, drag, dynamics, fluid, fluidization, jin, lagrange, mathematics, matter, model, multiplier, numeric, particle, sediment, separation, suns},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {402},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-9322(95)00072-0},
	volume = {22},
	pages = {402},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		drag,
		dynamics,
		fluid,
		fluidization,
		jin,
		lagrange,
		mathematics,
		matter,
		model,
		multiplier,
		numeric,
		particle,
		sediment,
		separation,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4394
@article{dufty0000hydrodynamic,

	author = {Dufty, James W. and Brey, Javier J.},
	title = {Hydrodynamic modes for granular gases},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391089},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v68/e030302},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boltzmann, eigenfunction, eigenvalue, flow, granular, hydrodynamics, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	old_pages = {APS+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v68/e030302},
	volume = {68},
	pages = {APS+},

	keywords = {
		boltzmann,
		eigenfunction,
		eigenvalue,
		flow,
		granular,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4395
@article{garzo0000diffusion,

	author = {Garzo, Vicente and Montanero, Jose M.},
	title = {Diffusion of impurities in a granular gas},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391088},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v69/e021301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boltzmann, collision, diffusion, flow, granular, impurity, jin, montecarlo, polynomial, suns},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {APS+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v69/e021301},
	volume = {69},
	pages = {APS+},

	keywords = {
		boltzmann,
		collision,
		diffusion,
		flow,
		granular,
		impurity,
		jin,
		montecarlo,
		polynomial,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4396
@article{puglisi0000dynamics,

	author = {Puglisi, Andrea and Visco, Paolo and Trizac, Emmanuel and van Wijland, Frederic},
	title = {Dynamics of a tracer granular particle as a nonequilibrium Markov process},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391087},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e021301},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boltzmann, distribution, gaussian, granular, jin, markov, material, suns},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {APS+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e021301},
	volume = {73},
	pages = {APS+},

	keywords = {
		boltzmann,
		distribution,
		gaussian,
		granular,
		jin,
		markov,
		material,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4397
@article{gulbahce0000statistical,

	author = {Gulbahce, Natali and Alexander, Francis J. and Johnson, Gregory},
	title = {Statistical mechanics of histories: A cluster Monte Carlo algorithm},
	journal = {Physical Review E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391086},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e026701},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, jin, mechanics, montecarlo, nonlinearity, statistics, stochastic, suns},
	number = {2},
	old_pages = {APS+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v73/e026701},
	volume = {73},
	pages = {APS+},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		jin,
		mechanics,
		montecarlo,
		nonlinearity,
		statistics,
		stochastic,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4398
@article{dufty2002diffusion,

	author = {Dufty, James W. and Brey, Javier J. and Lutsko, James},
	title = {Diffusion in a granular fluid: I. Theory},
	journal = {Physical Review E - Statistical Physics, Plasmas, Fluids, and Related Interdisciplinary Topics},
	year = {2002},

	abstract = {Diffusion of an impurity particle in a granular fluid undergoing homogeneous cooling was studied. An appropriate scaling of the Liouville equation for the ensemble was described. Green-Kubo and Einstein representations of diffusion were provided in terms of velocity and mean-square displacement correlation functions. Comparisons with results from molecular dynamics simulation showed an agreement for low densities and all degrees of dissipation.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391084},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.65.051303},
	doi = {10.1103/PhysRevE.65.051303},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, cooling, diffusion, dynamics, granular, jin, kinetics, material, mechanics, molecule, statistics, suns},
	number = {5 1},
	old_pages = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.65.051303},
	volume = {65},
	pages = {1},

	keywords = {
		cooling,
		diffusion,
		dynamics,
		granular,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		material,
		mechanics,
		molecule,
		statistics,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4399
@article{lutsko2002diffusion,

	author = {Lutsko, James and Brey, Javier J. and Dufty, James W.},
	title = {Diffusion in a granular fluid: II. Simulation},
	journal = {Physical Review E - Statistical Physics, Plasmas, Fluids, and Related Interdisciplinary Topics},
	year = {2002},

	abstract = {Molecular dynamics simulations for diffusion in a granular fluid undergoing homogeneous cooling were presented. The results were compared to those from Einstein and Green-Kubo expressions for self-diffusion coefficient. The approximation theory was found to be in agreement with simulation data up to moderate densities and degrees of inelasticity. The inelastic effects at higher densities were stronger resulting in an enhancement of diffusion coefficient over its value for elastic collisions.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391083},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.65.051304},
	doi = {10.1103/PhysRevE.65.051304},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, cooling, diffusion, dynamics, granular, jin, material, molecule, suns},
	number = {5 1},
	old_pages = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:21},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.65.051304},
	volume = {65},
	pages = {1},

	keywords = {
		cooling,
		diffusion,
		dynamics,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		molecule,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4400
@article{brey2004steadystate,

	author = {Brey, Javier J. and Ruiz-Montero, M. J. and Moreno, F.},
	title = {Steady-state representation of the homogeneous cooling state of a granular gas},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {2004},

	abstract = {Molecular dynamic simulations were used for investigating the properties of a dilute granular gas in the homogeneous cooling state (HCS). Changes were performed in the time scale that did not involve any internal property of the system in order to map and compare the properties to a stationary state. The general property of the granular temperature was found to be closely related to the new representation in the long time limit. Green-Kubo representations provided the ensemble averages, the velocity autocorrelation functions and the self-diffusion coefficients.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391082},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.69.051303},
	doi = {10.1103/PhysRevE.69.051303},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, boundary, cooling, diffusion, dynamics, gas, granular, hydrodynamics, jin, kinetics, material, molecule, montecarlo, suns, thermal},
	number = {5 2},
	old_pages = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:20},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.69.051303},
	volume = {69},
	pages = {1},

	keywords = {
		boundary,
		cooling,
		diffusion,
		dynamics,
		gas,
		granular,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		material,
		molecule,
		montecarlo,
		suns,
		thermal,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4401
@article{dufty2005brownian,

	author = {Dufty, James W. and Brey, Javier J.},
	title = {Brownian motion in a granular fluid},
	journal = {New Journal of Physics},
	year = {2005},

	abstract = {The Fokker-Planck equation for a heavy particle in a granular fluid is derived from the Liouville equation. The host fluid is assumed to be in its homogeneous cooling state and all interactions are idealized as smooth, inelastic hard spheres. The similarities and differences between the Fokker-Planck equation for elastic and inelastic collisions are discussed in detail. Although the fluctuation-dissipation relation is violated and the reference fluid is time-dependent, it is shown that diffusion occurs at long times for a wide class of initial conditions. The results presented here generalize previous results based on the Boltzmann-Lorentz equation to higher densities. {\copyright} IOP Publishing Ltd and Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391081},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/7/1/020},
	doi = {10.1088/1367-2630/7/1/020},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, brownian, cooling, diffusion, jin, matter, motion, particle, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:20},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/7/1/020},
	volume = {7},

	keywords = {
		brownian,
		cooling,
		diffusion,
		jin,
		matter,
		motion,
		particle,
		suns,
	},

}

ref_id = 4402
@proceedings{duran0000direct,

	title = {Direct observation of size segregation: convection and arching effect},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We report an experimental study of the ascent of a large disc embedded in a 2D packing of small beads vertically vibrated. Two distinct mechanisms leading to size segregation are observed in situ. At high acceleration, the convection process associated with surface trapping is predominates. At low acceleration, we examine the effect of the size ratio on the dynamics of the segregation which is either intermittent or continuous. This is due to the successive formation and destruction of arches.},
	address = {Boston, MA, USA},
	author = {Duran, J. and Mazozi, T. and Clement, E. and Rajchenbach, J.},
	booktitle = {Fractal Aspects of Materials},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391080},
	editor = {Family, F.},
	journal = {Materials Research Society Symposium - Proceedings},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, granular, jin, material, matter, particle, suns},
	old_pages = {494},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:20},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {367},
	pages = {494},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		matter,
		particle,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4403
@article{ji0000numerical,

	author = {Ji, Chun-Jun and Yan, Qing and Sun, Jin},
	title = {Numerical simulation and flow visualization of the compressor rotating stalls},
	journal = {Dalian Ligong Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Dalian University of Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A numerical simulation system for axial-flow turbomachine cascabes flows by the vortex cloud modelling is developed. Animated flow pattern shows are made from the simulation results, which has proved to be a very powerful tool for the analysis of the flow phenomena in the flow field. The results show that this system is satisfactory in predicting the stall cell inception and propagation process and has revealed some special flow phenomena. It is hopeful that this analytic system may give a theoretic guidance to the application of the active control techniques for the improvement of the compressor stall margin.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391079},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, flow, fluid, jin, pattern, rotation, suns, visualization},
	number = {5},
	old_pages = {567},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:20},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {41},
	pages = {567},

	keywords = {
		flow,
		fluid,
		jin,
		pattern,
		rotation,
		suns,
		visualization,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4404
@article{sun0000effects,

	author = {Sun, Jin and Battaglia, Francine},
	title = {Effects of particle rotation on the hydrodynamic modeling of segregation in gas-fluidized beds},
	journal = {American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Fluids Engineering Division (Publication) FED},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A multi-fluid Eulerian model has been improved by incorporating particle rotation using a simple kinetic theory for rapid granular flow of slightly frictional spheres. The model was implemented without changing the current kinetic theory framework by introducing an effective coefficient of restitution to account for additional energy dissipation due to frictional collisions. Simulations with and without particle rotation were performed to study the bubble dynamics in a monodispersed gassolid fluidized bed and the segregation phenomena in a bidispersed gas-solid fluidized bed. Results were compared between simulations with and without particle rotation and with corresponding experimental results. It was found that the multi-fluid model with particle rotation better captures the bubble dynamics and time-averaged bed behavior. The model predicted lower segregation percentages and a lower segregation rate due to increased bubble intensity. Copyright \&copy; 2004 by ASME.},
	address = {Anaheim, CA, United States},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391078},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, drag, friction, gravity, hydrodynamics, jin, mathematics, matter, model, particle, reynold, suns, tensor, volume},
	old_pages = {753},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:20},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {260},
	pages = {753},

	keywords = {
		drag,
		friction,
		gravity,
		hydrodynamics,
		jin,
		mathematics,
		matter,
		model,
		particle,
		reynold,
		suns,
		tensor,
		volume,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4405
@article{sun2006hydrodynamic,

	author = {Sun, Jin and Battaglia, Francine},
	title = {Hydrodynamic modeling of particle rotation for segregation in bubbling gas-fluidized beds},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {2006},

	abstract = {A multi-fluid Eulerian model has been improved by incorporating particle rotation using kinetic theory for rapid granular flow of slightly frictional spheres. A simplified model was implemented without changing the current kinetic theory framework by introducing an effective coefficient of restitution to account for additional energy dissipation due to frictional collisions. Simulations without and with particle rotation were performed to study the bubble dynamics and bed expansion in a monodispersed bubbling gas-fluidized bed and the segregation phenomena in a bidispersed bubbling gas-fluidized bed. Results were compared between simulations without and with particle rotation and with corresponding experimental results. It was found that the multi-fluid model with particle rotation better captures the bubble dynamics and time-averaged bed behavior. The model predictions of segregation percentages agreed with experimental data in the fluidization regime where kinetic theory is valid to describe segregation and mixing. {\copyright} 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391077},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2005.09.003},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ces.2005.09.003},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dynamics, flow, fluid, fluidization, jin, kinetics, mathematics, matter, mixing, model, multiphase, particle, rotation, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:20},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2005.09.003},
	volume = {61},
	pages = {-1479},

	keywords = {
		dynamics,
		flow,
		fluid,
		fluidization,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		mathematics,
		matter,
		mixing,
		model,
		multiphase,
		particle,
		rotation,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4406
@article{agrawal0000role,

	author = {Agrawal, Kapil and Loezos, Peter N. and Syamlal, Madhava and Sundaresan, Sankaran},
	title = {The Role of Meso-scale Structures in Rapid Gas-solid Flows},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391076},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:20},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {445},
	pages = {-185},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4407
@article{arnarson0000thermal,

	author = {Arnarson, B. O. and Willits, J. T.},
	title = {Thermal diffusion in binary mixture of smooth, nearly elastic spheres with and without gravity},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {A Revised Enskog theory, valid to second order in the Enskog approximation, is used to characterize the amount of thermal diffusion in a steady, fully developed flow of a binary mixture of hard, inelastic spheres. The dependence of the thermal diffusion factor on mixture volume fraction, mole fraction, radii ratio, and material density ratio is explored in the presence and absence of gravity.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391075},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:20},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {10},
	pages = {-1328},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4408
@article{knight0000vibrationinduced,

	author = {Knight, James B. and Jaeger, H. M. and Nagel, Sidney R.},
	title = {Vibration-induced Sized Separation in Granular Media: The Convection Connection},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391074},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, granular, jin, material, segregation, suns},
	number = {24},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:20},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {70},

	keywords = {
		granular,
		jin,
		material,
		segregation,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4409
@article{volfson0000order,

	author = {Volfson, D. and Tsimring, L. S. and Aranson, I. S.},
	title = {Order Parameter Description of Stationary Partially Fluidized Shear Granular Flows},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391073},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:20},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {90},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4410
@article{volfson0000partially,

	author = {Volfson, D. and Tsimring, L. S. and Aranson, I. S.},
	title = {Partially fluidized shear granular flows: Continuum theory and molecular dynamics simulations},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391072},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:19},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {68},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4411
@article{volfson0000stickslip,

	author = {Volfson, D. and Tsimring, L. S. and Aranson, I. S.},
	title = {Stick-slip dynamics of a granular layer under shear},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391071},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:19},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {69},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4412
@article{gao0000objective,

	author = {Gao, D. and Subramaniam, S. and Fox, R. O. and Hoffman, D. K.},
	title = {Objective decomposition of the stress tensor in granular flows},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391070},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:19},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {71},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4413
@article{zhang0000viscoelastic,

	author = {Zhang, D. Z. and Rauenzahn, R. M.},
	title = {A viscoelastic model for dense granular flows},
	journal = {Journal of Rheology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391069},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, oois, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:19},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {41},
	pages = {-1298},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		oois,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4414
@article{zhang0000stress,

	author = {Zhang, D. Z. and Rauenzahn, R. M.},
	title = {Stress relaxation in dense and slow granular flows},
	journal = {Journal of Rheology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391068},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:19},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {44},
	pages = {-1041},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4415
@article{grad0000kinetic,

	author = {Grad, H.},
	title = {On the kinetic theory of rarefied gases},
	journal = {Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391067},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, fluid, hardsphere, jin, kinetics, model, moment, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:19},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {2},
	pages = {331},

	keywords = {
		fluid,
		hard, sphere,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		model,
		moment,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 4416
@article{willits0000kinetic,

	author = {Willits, J. T. and Arnarson, B. O.},
	title = {Kinetic theory of a binary mixture of nearly elastic disks},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391066},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:19},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {11},
	pages = {-3122},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4417
@article{zamankhan0000kinetic,

	author = {Zamankhan, P.},
	title = {Kinetic theory of multicomponent dense mixtures of slightly inelastic spherical particles},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391065},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, hardcopyluding, jin, kinetics, mixing, suns},
	number = {5},
	old_pages = {4891},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:18},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {52},
	pages = {4877--4891},

	keywords = {
		hardcopyluding,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		mixing,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 4418
@article{garzo0000homogeneous,

	author = {Garzo, Vicente and Dufty, James},
	title = {Homogeneous cooling state for a granular mixture},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391064},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, cooling, homogeneity, jin, kinetics, mixing, suns},
	number = {5},
	old_pages = {5713},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:18},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {60},
	pages = {5706--5713},

	keywords = {
		cooling,
		homogeneity,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		mixing,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 4419
@article{garzo0000dense,

	author = {Garzo, V. and Dufty, J. W.},
	title = {Dense fluid transport for inelastic hard spheres},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391063},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dense, jin, kinetics, suns},
	number = {5},
	old_pages = {5911},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:18},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {59},
	pages = {5911},

	keywords = {
		dense,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4420
@article{garzo0000hydrodynamics,

	author = {Garzo, Vicente and Dufty, James},
	title = {Hydrodynamics for a granular mixture at low density},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391062},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, density, granular, jin, kinetics, mixing, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:18},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {14},
	pages = {-1490},

	keywords = {
		density,
		granular,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		mixing,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4421
@article{garzo0000shear,

	author = {Garzo, V. and Montanero, Jose M.},
	title = {Shear viscosity for a moderately dense granular binary mixture},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391061},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, binary, dense, jin, kinetics, mixing, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:18},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {68},

	keywords = {
		binary,
		dense,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		mixing,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4422
@article{wildman0000coexistence,

	author = {Wildman, R. D. and Parkar, D. J.},
	title = {Coexistence of two granular temperatures in binary vibrofluidized beds},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391060},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, binary, energy, granular, jin, mixing, nonequipartition, suns, vibration},
	number = {19},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:18},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {88},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		binary,
		energy,
		granular,
		jin,
		mixing,
		nonequipartition,
		suns,
		vibration,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4423
@article{feitosa0000breakdown,

	author = {Feitosa, K. and Menon, N.},
	title = {Breakdown of energy equipartition in a 2D binary vibrated granular gas},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391059},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, bed, binary, energy, granular, jin, mixing, nonequipartition, suns, vibration},
	number = {19},
	old_pages = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:18},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {88},
	pages = {198301--1},

	keywords = {
		bed,
		binary,
		energy,
		granular,
		jin,
		mixing,
		nonequipartition,
		suns,
		vibration,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 4424
@article{rahaman0000unequal,

	author = {Rahaman, M. F. and Naser, J. and Witt, P. J.},
	title = {An unequal temperature kinetic theory: description of granular flow with multiple particle classes},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391058},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, kinetics, mixing, nonequipartition, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:18},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {138},
	pages = {-92},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		kinetics,
		mixing,
		nonequipartition,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4425
@article{breu0000reversing,

	author = {Breu, A. P. J. and Ensner, H. M. and Kruelle, C. A. and Rehberg, I.},
	title = {Reversing the Brazil nut effect: competition between percolation and condensation},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391057},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, nut, suns},
	number = {1},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {90},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		nut,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4426
@article{campbell0000rapid,

	author = {Campbell, Charles S.},
	title = {Rapid granular flows},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391056},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {22},
	pages = {-92},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4427
@article{cundall0000discrete,

	author = {Cundall, P. A. and Strack, D. L.},
	title = {A discrete numerical model for granular assemblies},
	journal = {Geotechnique},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391055},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {29},
	pages = {-65},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4428
@article{campbell0000granular_2,

	author = {Campbell, Charles S.},
	title = {Granular shear flows at the elastic limit},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391054},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {465},
	pages = {261--291},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 4429
@article{carnahan0000equation,

	author = {Carnahan, Norman F. and Starling, Kenneth E.},
	title = {Equation of state for nonattracting rigid spheres},
	journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391053},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {51},
	pages = {-636},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4430
@article{enwald0000eulerian,

	author = {Enwald, H. and Peirano, E. and Almstedt, A. E.},
	title = {Eulerian Two-phase Flow Theory Applied to Fluidization},
	journal = {International Journal of Multiphase Flow},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391052},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {22 Suppl.},
	pages = {-66},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4431
@article{gera0000hydrodynamics,

	author = {Gera, Dinesh and Syamlal, Madhava and O'Brien, Thomas},
	title = {Hydrodynamics of particle segregation in fluidized beds},
	journal = {International Journal of Multiphase Flow},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391051},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {30},
	pages = {-428},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4432
@article{goldschmidt0000digital,

	author = {Goldschmidt and Link, J. M. and Mellema, S. and Kuipers},
	title = {Digital Image Analysis Measurements of Bed Expansion and Segregation Dynamics in Dense Gas-fluidised Beds},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391050},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {138},
	pages = {-159},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4433
@article{lubachevsky0000simulate,

	author = {Lubachevsky, B. D.},
	title = {How to simulate billiards and similar systems},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391049},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {94},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4434
@article{hong0000reverse,

	author = {Hong, Daniel C. and Paul, Quinn and Luding, Stefan},
	title = {Reverse Brazil Nut Problem: Competition between Percolation and Condensation},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391048},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, nut, suns},
	number = {15},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {86},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		nut,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_UNMATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4435
@article{hoomans0000granular,

	author = {Hoomans and Kuipers and Swaaij, Van},
	title = {Granular Dynamics Simulation of Segregation Phenomena in Bubbling Gas-fluidised Beds},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391046},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {109},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_UNMATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4436
@article{huerta0000vibrationinduced,

	author = {Huerta, D. A. and Ruiz-Suarez, J. C.},
	title = {Vibration-induced granular segregation: a phenomenon driven by three mechanisms},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391045},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {11},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {92},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4437
@article{jenkins0000balance,

	author = {Jenkins, J. T. and Mancini, F.},
	title = {Balance laws and constitutive relations for plane flows of a dense, binary mixture of smooth, nearly elastic, circular disks},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391044},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {54},
	pages = {-34},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4438
@article{jenkins0000kinetic_2,

	author = {Jenkins, James T. and Zhang, Chao},
	title = {Kinetic Theory for Identical, Frictional, Nearly Elastic Spheres},
	journal = {Physics of Fluids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391043},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {14},
	pages = {-1235},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4439
@article{kirkwood0000statistical_4,

	author = {Kirkwood, J. G. and Buff, F. P. and Green, M. S.},
	title = {The statistical mechanical theory of transport processes. III. The Coefficients of Shear and Bulk Viscosity of Liquids},
	journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391042},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {10},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {17},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
	},

}

ref_id = 4440
@article{lu0000kinetic,

	author = {Lu, Huilin and Gidaspow, Dimitri and Manger, Eirik},
	title = {Kinetic theory of fluidized binary granular mixture},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391040},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, binary, jin, kinetics, mixing, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {64},

	keywords = {
		binary,
		jin,
		kinetics,
		mixing,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4441
@article{luding0000from_2,

	author = {Luding, S. and Latzel, Marc and Volk, W. and Diebels, S. and Herrmann, Hans J.},
	title = {From discrete element simulations to a continuum model},
	journal = {Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391038},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {191},
	pages = {-28},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
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}

ref_id = 4442
@article{lun0000kinetic_1,

	author = {Lun and Savage, S. B. and Jeffrey, D. J. and Chepurniy, N.},
	title = {Kinetic Theories for Granular Flow: Inelastic Particles in Couette Flow and Slightly Inelastic Particles in a General Flow Field},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391037},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {140},
	pages = {-256},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
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}

ref_id = 4443
@article{lun0000simple,

	author = {Lun, C. K. K. and Savage, S. B.},
	title = {A Simple Kinetic Theory for Granular Flow of Rough, Inelastic, Spherical Particles},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391036},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {54},
	pages = {-53},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4444
@article{lun0000kinetic_2,

	author = {Lun},
	title = {Kinetic Theory for Granular Flow of Dense, Slightly Inelastic, Slightly Rough, Spheres},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391035},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:17},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {233},
	pages = {-559},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4445
@article{ottino0000mixing,

	author = {Ottino, J. M. and Khakhar, D. V.},
	title = {Mixing and segregation of granular materials},
	journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391034},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:16},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {32},
	pages = {-91},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4446
@article{ma0000kinetic,

	author = {Ma, D. and Ahmadi, G.},
	title = {A Kinetic Model for Rapid Granular Flows of Nearly Elastic Particles Including Interstitial Fluid Effects},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391033},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:16},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {56},
	pages = {-207},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4447
@article{duran0000arching,

	author = {Duran, J. and Rajchenbach, J. and Clement, E.},
	title = {Arching effect model for particle size segregation},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391032},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {16},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:16},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {70},
	pages = {-2434},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4448
@article{mobius0000size,

	author = {Mobius, Matthias E. and Lauderdale, Benjamin E. and Nagel, Sidney R. and Jaeger, Heinrich M.},
	title = {Size separation of granular particles},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391031},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:16},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {414},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4449
@article{mobius0000intruder,

	author = {Mobius, Matthias E. and Cheng, Xiang and Karczmar, Greg S. and Nagel, Sidney R. and Jaeger, Heinrich M.},
	title = {Intruder in the dust: air-driven granular size separation},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391030},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {9},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:16},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {93},
	pages = {1--198001-4},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4450
@article{nahmadmolinari0000inertia,

	author = {Nahmad-Molinari, Y. and Canul-Chay, G. and Ruiz-Suarez, J. C.},
	title = {Inertia in the Brazil nut problem},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391029},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, nut, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:16},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {68},
	pages = {1--6},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		nut,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4451
@article{nienow0000continuous,

	author = {Nienow, A. W. and Naimer, N. S.},
	title = {Continuous Mixing of Two Particulate Species of Different Density in a Gas Fluidised Bed},
	journal = {Transactions of the Institute of Chemical Engineers},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391028},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:16},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {58},
	pages = {-186},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4452
@article{rahman0000particle,

	author = {Rahman, Khurram and Campbell, Charles S.},
	title = {Particle pressures generated around bubbles in gas-fluidized beds},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391027},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:15},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {455},
	pages = {-127},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4453
@article{rosato0000brazil,

	author = {Rosato, Anthony and Strandburg, Katherine J. and Prinz, Friedrich and Swendsen, Robert H.},
	title = {Why the Brazil Nuts are on top: size segregation of particulate matter by shaking},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391026},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, nut, suns},
	number = {10},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:14},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {58},
	pages = {-1040},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		nut,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4454
@article{rosato0000vibratory,

	author = {Rosato, A. D. and Lan, Y. and Wang, D.},
	title = {Vibratory particle size sorting in multi-component systems},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391024},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	old_pages = {160},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:14},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {66},
	pages = {160},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4455
@article{rosato0000perspective,

	author = {Rosato, Anthony D. and Blackmore, Denis L. and Zhang, Ninghua and Lan, Yidan},
	title = {A perspective on vibration-induced size segregation of granular materials},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391023},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:14},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {57},
	pages = {-275},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4456
@article{savage0000stress,

	author = {Savage, S. B. and Jeffrey, D. J.},
	title = {The stress tensor in a granular flow at high shear rates},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391022},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:14},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {110},
	pages = {255},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 4457
@article{savage0000analyses,

	author = {Savage, S. B.},
	title = {Analyses of slow high-concentration flows of granular flows},
	journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391021},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:14},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {377},
	pages = {-26},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4458
@article{sundaresan0000modeling,

	author = {Sundaresan, Sankaran},
	title = {Modeling the Hydrodynamics of Multiphase Flow Reactors: Current Status and Challenges},
	journal = {AIChE Journal},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391020},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {6},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:14},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {46},
	pages = {-1105},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4459
@article{srivastava0000analysis,

	author = {Srivastava, Anuj and Sundaresan, Sankaran},
	title = {Analysis of a frictional-kinetic model for gas-particle flow},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391019},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	old_pages = {85},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:14},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {129},
	pages = {85},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4460
@article{gidaspow0000hydrodynamics,

	author = {Gidaspow, Dimitr and Jung, Jonghwun and Raj, Singh},
	title = {Hydrodynamics of fluidization using kinetic theory: an emerging paradigm 2002 Flour-Daniel Lecture},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391018},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:14},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {148},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_UNMATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4461
@article{xu0000numerical_1,

	author = {Xu, B. H. and Yu, A. B.},
	title = {Numerical simulation of the gas-solid flow in a fluidized bed by combining discrete particle method with computational fluid dynamics},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391016},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {16},
	old_pages = {2809},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:14},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {52},
	pages = {2809},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4462
@article{walton0000effective,

	author = {Walton, K.},
	title = {The effective moduli of a random packing of spheres},
	journal = {Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391015},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:13},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {35},
	pages = {-226},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4463
@article{emeriault0000micromechanical,

	author = {Emeriault, F. and Cambou, B.},
	title = {Micromechanical modelling of anisotropic non-linear elasticity of granular medium},
	journal = {International Journal of Solids and Structures},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391014},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {18},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:13},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {33},
	pages = {-2607},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4464
@article{kruyt0000micromechanical,

	author = {Kruyt, N. P. and Rothenburg, L.},
	title = {Micromechanical definition of strain tensor for granular materials},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Mechanics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391013},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:13},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {118},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4465
@article{wu0000segregation,

	author = {Wu, S. Y. and Baeyens, J.},
	title = {Segregation by size difference in gas fluidized bed},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391012},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:13},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {98},
	pages = {-150},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4466
@book{allen0000computer,

	author = {Allen, M. P. and Tildesley, D. J.},
	title = {Computer Simulation of Liquids},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	address = {Oxford},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391011},
	comment = {See the theoretical companion book by Evans.},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:13},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Clarendon Press+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 4467
@book{rapaport0000molecular,

	author = {Rapaport, D. C.},
	title = {The Art of Molecular Dynamics Simulation},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	address = {Cambridge, United Kingdom},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391010},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:13},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Cambridge University Press+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 4468
@book{chapman0000mathematical,

	author = {Chapman, S. and Cowling, T. G.},
	title = {The Mathematical Theory of Non-uniform Gases},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391008},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:13},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Cambridge University Press+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4469
@book{gidaspow0000multiphase,

	author = {Gidaspow, D.},
	title = {Multiphase Flow and Fluidization: Continuum and Kinetic Theory Descriptions},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	address = {Boston, USA},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391007},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:13},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Academic Press+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4470
@book{jackson0000dynamics,

	author = {Jackson, Roy},
	title = {The Dynamics of Fluidized Particles},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	address = {Cambridge, United Kingdom},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391006},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:13},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Cambridge University Press+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4471
@book{truesdell0000rational,

	author = {Truesdell, C.},
	title = {Rational Thermodynamics},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	address = {New York},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391005},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:13},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Springer-Verlag+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4472
@book{beris0000thermodynamics,

	author = {Beris, Antony N. and Edwards, Brian J.},
	title = {Thermodynamics of Flowing Systems: with Internal Microstructure},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	address = {Oxford, United Kingdom},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391004},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:13},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {36},
	pages = {Oxford University Press+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4473
@book{ottinger0000beyond,

	author = {Ottinger, Hans C.},
	title = {Beyond Equilibrium Thermodynamics},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	address = {Hoboken, New Jersey},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391003},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:13},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {John Wiley \& Sons, Inc+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4474
@book{dalla0000micromeritics,

	author = {Dalla Valla, J. M.},
	title = {Micromeritics},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11391002},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:13},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Pitman, Inc.+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4475
@misc{luding0000molecular,


	address = {New York},
	author = {Luding, Stefan},
	booktitle = {The Physics of Granular Media},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391001},
	editor = {Hinrichsen, Haye and Wolf, Dietrich E.},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:13},
	priority = {2},
	title = {Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Granular Materials},
	pages = {WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH \& Co.KGaA+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4476
@misc{shen0000rapid,


	author = {Shen, H. H. and Babic, M.},
	booktitle = {Mechanics of Granular Materials},
	citeulike-article-id = {11391000},
	editor = {Oda, M. and Iwashita, K.},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:13},
	priority = {2},
	title = {Rapid flow of granular materials},
	volume = {1},
	pages = {A. A. Balkema---377},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4477
@misc{massoudi0000constitutive,


	author = {Massoudi, Mehardad},
	booktitle = {Granular Materials: Fundamentals and Applications},
	citeulike-article-id = {11390999},
	editor = {Antony, Joseph and Hoyle, W. and Ding, Yulong},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:13},
	priority = {2},
	title = {Constitutive modeling of flowing granular materials: A continuum Approach},
	pages = {Royal Society of Chemistry+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4478
@proceedings{goldschmidt0000segregation,

	title = {Segregation in dense gas-fluidized beds: Validation of a multi-fluid continuum model with non-intrusive digital image analysis measurements},
	year = {EMPTY},

	address = {Beijing, People Republic of China},
	author = {Goldschmidt, M. J. V. and Kuipers, J. A. M. and van Swaaij, W. P. M.},
	booktitle = {Fluidization X},
	citeulike-article-id = {11390997},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:13},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {-802},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4479
@misc{cigr0000cigr,


	author = {Cigr},
	citeulike-article-id = {11390996},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:13},
	priority = {2},
	title = {CIGR Handbook of Agriculture Engineering},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
	},

}

ref_id = 4480
@misc{chevron0000refinery,


	author = {Chevron},
	citeulike-article-id = {11390995},
	old_keywords = {\_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:13},
	priority = {2},
	title = {Refinery overview},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
	},

}

ref_id = 4481
@article{syamlal0000simulation,

	author = {Syamlal, M. and O'Brien, T. J.},
	title = {Simulation of Granular Layer Inversion in Liquid Fluidized Bed},
	journal = {International Journal of Multiphase Flow},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11390994},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:12},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {14},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4482
@article{jenike0000theory,

	author = {Jenike, A. W.},
	title = {A Theory of flow of particulate solids in converging and diverging channels based on a conical yield function},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11390993},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:12},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {50},
	pages = {-236},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4483
@article{schaeffer0000instability,

	author = {Schaeffer, D. G.},
	title = {Instability in the evolution equations describing incompressible granular flow},
	journal = {Journal of Differential Equations},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11390992},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:12},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {66},
	pages = {19--50},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
		_MULTIMATCH,
	},

}

ref_id = 4484
@book{bird0000transport,

	author = {Bird, R. B. and Stewart, W. E. and Lightfoot, E. N.},
	title = {Transport Phenomena},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	address = {New York, NY},
	citeulike-article-id = {11390991},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:12},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {John Wiley \& Sons, Inc.+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4485
@article{syamlal0000hydrodynamics,

	author = {Syamlal, M. and Gidaspow, D.},
	title = {Hydrodynamics of Fluidization: Prediction of Wall to Bed Heat Transfer Coefficients},
	journal = {AIChE Journal},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11390990},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:12},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {31},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4486
@article{ding0000bubbling,

	author = {Ding, J. and Gidaspow, D.},
	title = {A Bubbling Fluidization Model Using Kinetic Theory of Granular Flow},
	journal = {AIChE Journal},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11390989},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	number = {4},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:12},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {36},
	pages = {-538},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4487
@book{patankar0000numerical,

	author = {Patankar, S. V.},
	title = {Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	address = {Washington},
	citeulike-article-id = {11390988},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:12},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Hemisphere, Inc.+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4488
@book{tannehill0000computational,

	author = {Tannehill, J. C. and Anderson, D. A. and Pletcher, R. H.},
	title = {Computational Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer},
	publisher = {EMPTY},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11390987},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:12},
	priority = {2},
	pages = {Taylor \& Francis, Inc.+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4489
@article{leonard0000ultimate,

	author = {Leonard, B. P.},
	title = {The ULTIMATE conservative difference scheme applied to unsteady one-dimensional advection},
	journal = {Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11390986},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:12},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {88},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4490
@article{wachem0000comparative,

	author = {Wachem, Wan B. G. W. and Schouten, J. C. and Bleek, Van and Sinclair, J. L.},
	title = {Comparative Analysis of CFD Models of Dense Gas-solid Systems},
	journal = {AICHE J.},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11390985},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:12},
	priority = {2},
	volume = {47},
	pages = {-1051},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4491
@unpublished{unpublished0000unpublished,

	author = {Unpublished, A.},
	title = {Unpublished document title},
	comment = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11390984},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:12},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4492
@unpublished{sun0000modeling,

	author = {Sun, Jin},
	title = {Modeling of momentum transfer between solid phases-Simple kinetic theory derivation using a three-parameter collision model},
	comment = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11390983},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, suns},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:12},
	priority = {2},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		suns,
		_INCOMPLETE,
	},

}

ref_id = 4493
@article{matthey0000molecular,

	author = {Matthey, T. and Hansen, J. P.},
	title = {Molecular dynamics simulations of sliding friction in a dense granular material},
	journal = {Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {This paper presents a review of particle technology as it relates to the storage, flow and handling of bulk solids. The paper traces salient aspects of the development of this subject from the 1880s to the present. The early research that commenced with studies of silo pressures and spanned some 25 years is briefly reviewed. The work in powder mechanics and soil mechanics that characterized the contributions over the first half of this century is indicated with the major thrust coming in the 1950s through the fundamental work of Jenike. The work of Jenike laid the foundations for a wide range of significant research developments that have occurred over the past 40 years. The work has covered such topics as flow property testing, theories of flow, modelling of particle systems by continuum theory and discrete elements, vibrations of powders, blending and mixing and wall loads under initial filling, flow and pulsing conditions. The importance of industrially orientated research is strongly emphasized. It is shown that in many areas of industrial operations, the range and complexity of the problems multiply at a faster rate than the research outcomes. Industrial interaction is essential in identifying research areas and associated professional development activities. This paper presents a review of the particle technology as it relates to the storage, flow and handling of bulk solids. The paper traces salient aspects of the development of this subject from the 1880s to the present. The early research that commenced with studies of silo pressures and spanned some 25 years is briefly reviewed. The work in powder mechanics and soil mechanics that characterized the contributions over the first half of this century is indicated with the major thrust coming in the 1950s through the fundamental work of Jenike. The work of Jenike laid the foundations for a wide range of significant research developments that have occurred over the past 40 years. The work has covered such topics as flow property testing, theories of flow, modelling of particle systems by continuum theory and discrete elements, vibrations of powders, blending and mixing and wall loads under initial filling, flow and pulsing conditions. The importance of industrially orientated research is strongly emphasized. It is shown that in many areas of industrial operations, the range and complexity of the problems multiply at a faster rate than the research outcomes. Industrial interaction is essential in identifying research areas and associated professional development activities.},
	address = {Centre for Bulk Solids and Paniculate Technologies, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia},
	citeulike-article-id = {11390982},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {file:///C:/JP/Documents/Papers/Matthey, Hansen - 1998 - Molecular dynamics simulations of sliding friction in a dense granular material.pdf},
	comment = {PDF, DEM | Cited By (since 1996): 4 Export Date: 22 March 2007 Source: Scopus},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, aarons, bin, bulk, dem, feeder, flow, jin, jps, oois, particle, piv, powder, silo, solid, stockpile},
	number = {A7},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {file:///C:/JP/Documents/Papers/Matthey, Hansen - 1998 - Molecular dynamics simulations of sliding friction in a dense granular material.pdf},
	volume = {6},
	pages = {701-707+},

	keywords = {
		aarons,
		bin,
		bulk,
		dem,
		feeder,
		flow,
		jin,
		jps,
		oois,
		particle,
		piv,
		powder,
		silo,
		solid,
		stockpile,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4494
@article{wu0000determination,

	author = {Wu, K. and You, H.},
	title = {Determination of solid material elastic modulus and surface energy based on JKR contact model},
	journal = {Applied Surface Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The JKR contact theory is employed to study the adhesion phenomena between two solid materials in intimate contact. The elastic contact modulus and the work of adhesion of solid materials are obtained during adhesion tests by utilizing a micro force-deflection measuring apparatus. Six of the plastic materials, including polyethylene polyoxymethlene (POM), polyamide (PA), terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) are used to evaluate the adhesion effect implied by the JKR theory. Comparison is made between surface energy obtained from the adhesion tests with that by a dynamic contact angle analyser. Results showthat the load/deflection data in the loading phase are in good agreement with the predictions of JKR equation, and the experimental data of unloading phase deviate significantly from the JKR theory. The phenomena of adhesion hysteresis in loading tests are responsible for these results due to the effects of molecular reconstruction on solid surfaces in contact. The work of adhesions, and hence surface energies of plastic materials, calculated by the best fitting of JKR equation with the experimental data in the loading phase, agree satisfactorily in a comparable manner with that obtained using the contact angle analyser.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11390981},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {file:///C:/JP/Documents/Papers/Wu, You - 2007 - Determination of solid material elastic modulus and surface energy based on JKR contact model.pdf},
	comment = {NO PDF | Discrete element method for the simulation of ball mills},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, adhesion, dem, hysteresis, jin, jkr, jps, oois, powder, work},
	number = {20},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:12},
	priority = {2},
	school = {University of Utah,},
	url = {file:///C:/JP/Documents/Papers/Wu, You - 2007 - Determination of solid material elastic modulus and surface energy based on JKR contact model.pdf},
	volume = {253},
	pages = {8530-8537+},

	keywords = {
		adhesion,
		dem,
		hysteresis,
		jin,
		jkr,
		jps,
		oois,
		powder,
		work,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4495
@article{xu0000modified,

	author = {Xu, D. and Liechti, K. M. and Ravi-Chandar, K.},
	title = {On the modified Tabor parameter for the JKR-DMT transition in the presence of a liquid meniscus},
	journal = {Journal of Colloid and Interface Science},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {The JKR, DMT, Maugis models and Tabor parameter for contact under normal loading have been developed based mainly on solid-solid (van der Waals) interactions. In this case, the characteristic length scale for the adhesive forces in the Tabor parameter is the equilibrium interatomic spacing. However, for contact in humid environments, where a liquid meniscus may be present, capillary forces with a longer force range related to the Kelvin radius dominate. Fogden and White [J. Colloid Interface Sci. 138 (1990) 414] introduced a parameter that includes the Kelvin radius for the JKR-DMT transition. This topic was also addressed by Maugis and Gauthier-Manuel [J. Adhes. Sci. Technol. 8 (1994) 1311] who included capillary effects within the frame work that Maugis had previously established. The parameters introduced by Fogden and White and Maugis and Gauthier-Manuel can be viewed as a modified Tabor parameter for the JKR-DMT transition. In the present work, the Kelvin equation linking the Kelvin radius and the relative humidity was explicitly included in the modified Tabor parameter. This provided a quantitative description of the JKR-DMT transition in terms of the relative humidity. This parameter was examined via load and contact radius measurements, where the latter were obtained from Bowden and Tabor's assumption that the friction force f=tauA. The friction experiments were conducted at two different humidity levels using a newly-developed mesoscale friction tester (MFT), which provides a very wide range of contact radii. The modified Tabor parameter was used to reexamine data from pull-off experiments in water and cyclohexane vapor environments [L.R. Fisher, J.N. Israelachvili, Colloids Surf. 3 (1981) 303 and H.K. Christenson, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 121 (1988) 170]. Finally, guidelines are presented for the appropriate choice of contact mechanics models to be used in interpreting data from SFA and AFM experiments in humid environments.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11390980},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {file:///C:/JP/Documents/Papers/Xu, Liechti, Ravi-Chandar - 2007 - On the modified Tabor parameter for the JKR-DMT transition in the presence of a liquid meniscus.pdf},
	comment = {NO PDF},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, contact, dem, dmt, energy, jin, jkr, jps, kelvin, liquid, mechanics, meniscus, oois, powder, radius, surface},
	number = {2},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {file:///C:/JP/Documents/Papers/Xu, Liechti, Ravi-Chandar - 2007 - On the modified Tabor parameter for the JKR-DMT transition in the presence of a liquid meniscus.pdf},
	volume = {315},
	pages = {772-85+},

	keywords = {
		contact,
		dem,
		dmt,
		energy,
		jin,
		jkr,
		jps,
		kelvin,
		liquid,
		mechanics,
		meniscus,
		oois,
		powder,
		radius,
		surface,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4496
@article{radjai0000bond,

	author = {Radjai, F. and Richefeu, V.},
	title = {Bond anisotropy and cohesion of wet granular materials},
	journal = {Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences},
	year = {EMPTY},

	abstract = {We analyse the Coulomb cohesion of wet granular materials and its relationship with the distribution of capillary bonds between particles. We show that, within a harmonic representation of the bond and force states, the shear strength can be expressed as a state equation in terms of internal anisotropy parameters. This formulation involves a dependence of the shear strength on loading direction and leads to the fragile behaviour of granular materials. The contact dynamics simulations of a wet material, in which a capillary force law is prescribed, are in excellent agreement with the predictions of this model. We find that the fragile character decreases as the local adhesion is increased or the mean stress is decreased.},
	citeulike-article-id = {11390979},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {file:///C:/JP/Documents/Papers/Radjai, Richefeu - 2009 - Bond anisotropy and cohesion of wet granular materials.pdf},
	comment = {PDF, DEM | 0022-3727-30-5-025 | Copyright (C) 2007 The American Physical Society Please report any problems to prola@aps.org PRE | 10.1103/PhysRevE.55.4720},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, aarons, dem, jin, jps, oois, piv, powder},
	number = {1909},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {file:///C:/JP/Documents/Papers/Radjai, Richefeu - 2009 - Bond anisotropy and cohesion of wet granular materials.pdf},
	volume = {367},
	pages = {5123-38+},

	keywords = {
		aarons,
		dem,
		jin,
		jps,
		oois,
		piv,
		powder,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4497
@article{xu0000particle,

	author = {Xu, Z. and Wang, M. and Chen, T.},
	title = {Particle damping for passive vibration suppression: numerical modelling and experimental investigation},
	journal = {Journal of Sound and Vibration},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11390978},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {file:///C:/JP/Documents/Papers/Xu, Wang, Chen - 2005 - Particle damping for passive vibration suppression numerical modelling and experimental investigation.pdf},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dem, jin, jps, oois, powder},
	number = {3-5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {file:///C:/JP/Documents/Papers/Xu, Wang, Chen - 2005 - Particle damping for passive vibration suppression numerical modelling and experimental investigation.pdf},
	volume = {279},
	pages = {1097-1120+},

	keywords = {
		dem,
		jin,
		jps,
		oois,
		powder,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4498
@article{adhikari0000quantification,

	author = {Adhikari, S. and Woodhouse, J.},
	title = {Quantification of non-viscous damping in discrete linear systems},
	journal = {Journal of Sound and Vibration},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11390977},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WM3-47RRW1S-7/2/bb42a11d1ebf56349da55fa1a9e9c96f},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, jin, oois},
	number = {3},
	old_pages = {499+},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:12},
	priority = {2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WM3-47RRW1S-7/2/bb42a11d1ebf56349da55fa1a9e9c96f},
	volume = {260},
	pages = {499+},

	keywords = {
		jin,
		oois,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4499
@article{yang0000effect,

	author = {Yang, R. Y. and Yu, A. B. and Zou, R. P.},
	title = {Effect of material properties on the packing of fine particles},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Physics},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11390976},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {file:///C:/JP/Documents/Papers/Yang, Yu, Zou - 2003 - Effect of material properties on the packing of fine particles.pdf},
	comment = {NO PDF | Coal Mine Floor Heave in the Beckley Coalbed.},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dem, force, friction, jin, jps, lattice, oois, particle, porosity, powder, rolling, sliding, suns, vanderwaals},
	location = {Denver},
	number = {5},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:12},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {Denver Mining Research Center, Bureau of Mines},
	series = {Report of Investigations 8274},
	url = {file:///C:/JP/Documents/Papers/Yang, Yu, Zou - 2003 - Effect of material properties on the packing of fine particles.pdf},
	volume = {94},
	pages = {3025-3035+},

	keywords = {
		dem,
		force,
		friction,
		jin,
		jps,
		lattice,
		oois,
		particle,
		porosity,
		powder,
		rolling,
		sliding,
		suns,
		vanderwaals,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

ref_id = 4500
@article{yang0000simulation_1,

	author = {Yang, S.},
	title = {The simulation and experimental study of granular materials discharged from a silo with the placement of inserts},
	journal = {Powder Technology},
	year = {EMPTY},

	citeulike-article-id = {11390975},
	citeulike-linkout-0 = {file:///C:/JP/Documents/Papers/Yang - 2001 - The simulation and experimental study of granular materials discharged from a silo with the placement of inserts.pdf},
	comment = {NO PDF | Stress Induced Failures in Mine Roof},
	old_keywords = {\_incomplete, \_pardem\_cleaned\_041012, dem, discharge, insert, jin, jps, oois, powder, silo, stress, wall},
	number = {3},
	posted-at = {2012-10-04 15:51:12},
	priority = {2},
	publisher = {Bureau of Mines},
	url = {file:///C:/JP/Documents/Papers/Yang - 2001 - The simulation and experimental study of granular materials discharged from a silo with the placement of inserts.pdf},
	volume = {120},
	pages = {244-255+},

	keywords = {
		dem,
		discharge,
		insert,
		jin,
		jps,
		oois,
		powder,
		silo,
		stress,
		wall,
		_INCOMPLETE,
		_NONUNIQUE_LABEL,
		_MATCHED,
	},

}

